ÐÏࡱá>þÿ Žþÿÿÿ~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒÜWÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿì¥Á5@ø¿:bjbjÏ2Ï2g¤­X­X¹©54PÿÿÿÿÿÿˆbbbÌ.8   $B ¦ž¦ž¦žPöž\R¡ÜB £¶:£P£P£P£P£²²²ÎÿÐÿÐÿÐÿÐÿÐÿÐÿ$YR«„ôÿi ½¼µ®L²½¼½¼ôÿffP£P£e ] ý ý ý½¼Â f<P£ P£Îÿ ý½¼Îÿ ý ýýr~þT¢ | îþP£.£ ´³]ÐiƦžÝ8Òþ2ÿœs0£àþ/·úð/îþB B ffff/ îþD²ìí´ ý·¬¯¸²²²ôÿôÿB B d”¦ž§üdB B ¦ž25@LO=>2 ./.  %@5AB><0B8O ?> ?A8E>;>388 6>= @>45A #>BA>= !%/  #   1@0E0< 0@>;L4 0A;>C "&/  '!", 8:B>@ $@0=:; '  !% !+! >@4>= 8;;0@4 ;?>@B '!",  !% 0@5= %>@=8 #,"#     -@8E $@><< !%  -" #. ! 8G=>ABL .C. >= @>1;5<0 "/" 2 ?A8E>;>388 . . =4@5520 )  '!"+ "(/ . >1@>28G !!"" )/ . . 1>7>2 !"   "/ . B20B5@  , ) .. 5EB5@52 !%'!   '!" !.. C18=HB59=  '!" % .. OA8I52 /" '!"  !"%  +  " .. 5>=BL52   '!", .. 5B@>2A:89 " / '!" ! & " ,  !% .. #7=0475 #!" # '.   *"& 6>= @>45A #>BA>= !%/  #   . !8AB5<0B8G5A:>5 87<5=5=85 ;8G=>AB8 >7<>6=0O ?><>IL A> AB>@>=K <5E0=8:8. 5>4=>:@0B=> 2 =0H5< 87;>65=88 <K ?@>B82>?>AB02;O;8 @50:F88 G0AB59  @50:F8O< 8=482840 2 F5;><. 'B>1K >A25B8BL MB> ?>;=55, ?>;57=>, <>65B 1KBL, >1@0B8BLAO : <8@C <5E0=8:8, ?> <5=LH59 <5@5, 70 =5:>B>@>9 0=0;>3859. >@A:>9 307>2K9 42830B5;L ?>AB@>5= 87 1>;LH>3> G8A;0 G0AB59  B0:8E, =0?@8<5@, :0: :0@1N@0B>@, =0A>A, <03=5B>, A8AB5<0 :;0?0=>2, F8;8=4@K A 8E ?>@H=O<8 8 :>;LF0<8, H0BC=0<8 8 B. 4. B45;L=K5 B5ABK :064>9 G0AB8 <>3CB ?>:070BL, GB> >=0 DC=:F8>=8@C5B >B;8G=>, :>340 @01>B05B >B45;L=>. > :@><5 >B45;L=KE G0AB59 ACI5AB2C5B 5I5 <=>3> ?5@540B>G=KE M;5<5=B>2. '0AB8 =5 <>3CB E>@>H> @01>B0BL, 5A;8 ?>25@E=>AB8 ?>4H8?=8:>2 =5 8<5NB 4>;6=>9 25;8G8=K; <03=5B> 4>;6=> 4020BL 8A:@C B>G=> 2 <><5=B =081>;LH53> A60B8O; A8AB5<0 A<07:8 8 A8AB5<0 =0A>A0 4>;6=K 1KBL ?@028;L=> A>548=5=K A :0:>9-=81C4L G0ABLN, ?@82>48<>9 2 42865=85 :>;5=G0BK< 20;><. A;8 2A5 G0AB8 =5 A>548=5=K <564C A>1>9 =04;560I8< >1@07>< 8 =5 >B@53C;8@>20=K, B> 42830B5;L :0: F5;>5 =5 A<>65B 2K?>;=OBL A2>N DC=:F8N, B. 5. 2@0I0BL 28=B. >340 <K 3>2>@8< > 459AB288 8=482840 :0: F5;>3>, <K ?@8 MB>< ?>4@07C<5205< =5GB> 0=0;>38G=>5. > =04> 8<5BL 2 284C, GB> G5;>25G5A:><C ACI5AB2C ?@8E>48BAO 2K?>;=OBL =5 >4=C DC=:F8N, 0 BKAOG8 8E, 8 GB> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8O G0AB59 4>;6=K 284>87<5=OBLAO 4;O :064>9 =>2>9 A;C61K, 5A;8 B>;L:> @01>B0 F5;>3> >@30=87<0 4>;6=0 1KBL ?@>872>48B5;L=>9. ">;L:> E>@>H> ?>AB@>5==K9 18>;>38G5A:8 >@30=87<, =04;560I8< >1@07>< B@5=8@>20==K9, <>65B A>>B25BAB2>20BL MB8< B@51>20=8O<. 8 >4=> 87 ?>AB@>5==KE 4> A8E ?>@ <5E0=8G5A:8E 87>1@5B5=89 =5 ?@81;8605BAO : G5;>25G5A:><C >@30=87<C ?> <=>3>>1@078N 2>7<>6=KE DC=:F89 8 1KAB@>B5, A :>B>@>9 :>>@48=0F88 >B45;L=KE DC=:F89 <>3CB ?5@5@0A?@545;OBLAO 4;O :064>9 =>2>9 A;C61K <0H8=K :0: =5:>53> F5;>3>. =B5@5A=> ?@>428=CBL =0HC 2>7<>6=CN 0=0;>38N 5I5 =0 H03 40;LH5. A;8 <K 4>AB0B>G=> E>@>H> 7=05< G0AB8 :0:>9-=81C4L <5E0=8G5A:>9 :>=AB@C:F88, ?@8@>4C 55 ?5@540B>G=KE A8AB5< 8 @07;8G=K5 =57028A8<K5 DC=:F88, B> <K A?>:>9=> <>65< A45;0BL ?@54A:070=8O >B=>A8B5;L=> B>3>, :0: >=0 1C45B @01>B0BL ?@8 =>2KE CA;>28OE 8;8 ?5@5G8A;8BL B5 87<5=5=8O, :>B>@K5 =C6=> ?@>8725AB8 2 :>=AB@C:F88 4;O B>3>, GB>1K 2AO A8AB5<0 2K?>;=O;0 :0:CN-=81C4L =>2CN DC=:F8N. 0?@8<5@, 2 A;CG05 =0H53> 42830B5;O, =0< 8725AB=>, GB> >= 3>45= 4;O 1>;LH>9 A:>@>AB8 8 :>@>B:>3> ?@>1530. "0:85-B> 8 B0:85-B> 87<5=5=8O ?@845BAO A45;0BL, 5A;8 8< E>BOB ?>;L7>20BLAO 4;O A@54=59 @01>BK 8;8 70AB028BL BO=CBL BO65;K9 3@C7. K 7=05< 40;55, GB> A B5<8 A8AB5<0<8 A<07:8 8 >E;0645=8O, :0: >=8 8<5NBAO A59G0A, >= =5 1C45B @01>B0BL 2 >G5=L E>;>4=>< :;8<0B5, 8 GB> ?@8 ?@8<5=O5<>9 A59G0A A8AB5<5 A3>@0=8O 8< =5;L7O ?>;L7>20BLAO B0<, 345 402;5=85 :8A;>@>40 =87:>, GB> BO65;>5 3>@NG55, :0: :5@>A8= 8;8 =5>G8I5==0O =5DBL, =5 1C4CB 2 =5< A3>@0BL, GB> 2 ?@5A=>9 2>45 >= 1C45B @01>B0BL =5>?@545;5==> 4>;3>, => GB> ?@845BAO A45;0BL =5:>B>@K5 G0AB8 87 1@>=7K, 5A;8 E>BOB, GB>1K >= 3;04:> @01>B0; 2 <>@A:>9 2>45 2 B5G5=85 ?@>4>;68B5;L=>3> 2@5<5=8. -B0 ?><>IL A> AB>@>=K <5E0=8:8 4>;6=0 1K 40BL =0< 1>;55 OA=>5 ?>=OB85 > @50:F88 F5;>3> 8 G0AB59 8 2>7<>6=>AB8, =0 >A=>20=88 =0H8E 40==KE >1 >B45;L=KE G0ABOE 8 =0H8E 70?8A59 > @01>B5 0??0@0B0 :0: F5;>3>, A45;0BL 2K2>4 > B><, :0: 1C45B @01>B0BL 0??0@0B ?@8 =>2KE CA;>28OE 8 :0:85 87<5=5=8O =5>1E>48<> 2=5AB8 2 G0AB8 8;8 8E 2708<=CN A2O7L, GB>1K >= <>3 2K?>;=OBL =>2CN DC=:F8N. @0:B8G5A:>5 ?@8<5=5=85 2K2>4>2 > ;8G=>AB8.  1>;LH5< 8;8 <5=LH5< <0AHB015 =0< ?>AB>O==> ?@8E>48BAO 8<5BL 45;> A 8=482840<8 2 =>2KE ?>;>65=8OE. =0O G0AB8G=K5 @50:F88 8=48284>2 8 B>, :0: >=8 DC=:F8>=8@>20;8 2 F5;>< ?@8 ?@>H;KE ?>;>65=8OE, <K 8<55< 2>7<>6=>ABL A45;0BL 70:>==K5 2K2>4K > B><, :0: >=8 1C4CB 459AB2>20BL ?@8 AB>;:=>25=88 A =>2K< ?>;>65=85<. 7CG5=85 ;8G=>AB8 2 B>9 8;8 8=>9 D>@<5 ACI5AB25==> 4;O :064>3> 2840 >1I5AB25==>9 687=8. A5 <K 5654=52=> 2 A2>59 687=8 AB0;:8205<AO A ?@>1;5<0<8 ;8G=>AB8. K AB0=>28<AO ;8F>< : ;8FC A A5@L57=K<8 ?@>1;5<0<8 ;8G=>AB8, :>340 =0< ?@8E>48BAO 2KA:070BL AC645=85 ?> ?>2>4C 2K1>@0 =0H8< @515=:>< B>20@8I0 4;O 83@, 871@0BL :><?0=L>=0 =0 2AN 687=L 2 ?@54?@8OB85 8;8 4;O C=825@A8B5BA:>9 @01>BK, ?@8ABC?8BL : 87CG5=8N 8 =>2>9 B@5=8@>2:5 :0:>3>-;81> 8=482840, ;8G=>ABL :>B>@>3> 1>;L=0 8;8 872@0I5=0. @8 <5=55 A5@L57=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB20E <K AB0;:8205<AO A MB>9 ?@>1;5<>9, :>340 ?><5I05< 42CE ;N459 2<5AB5 70 >154><, 8;8 A>AB02;O5< A?8A>: 3>AB59 4;O ?0@B88 1@8460, 8;8 4065 A2>4O 2<5AB5 42CE =0H8E 1;87:8E 4@C759. #<=K5 E>7O9:8 >G5=L E>@>H> ?>=8<0NB >1I5AB25==CN AB>@>=C ?@>1;5<K, => >=8 A:06CB 20<, GB> 8E CA?5E 2K7K205BAO =5 :0:8<-;81> >A>1K< 24>E=>25=85< A 8E AB>@>=K, 0 B5< >1AB>OB5;LAB2><, GB> >=8 87CG0NB 8=B8<=K5 ?>4@>1=>AB8 687=8 8E 4@C759 8 E>@>H> > =8E >A254><;5=K. CB0=8F0 2 ?@54AB02;5=88 > ;8G=>AB8. %>BO :064K9 A>3;0A8;AO 1K A B5<, GB> D0:B>@K, :>B>@K5 <K A59G0A >1AC48;8, A>AB02;ONB G0ABL 87CG5=8O ;8G=>AB8, 2A5 65 <=>385 AG8B0;8 1K, GB> B0:>9 ?@>AB>9 A?>A>1 @0AA<>B@5=8O ;8G=>AB8 =5 2K@0605B 2A59 8AB8=K. =8 CB25@640;8 1K, GB> >=0 2:;NG05B 2A5 MB8 AB>@>=K, => :@><5 B>3> 8 5I5  =5GB> . A;8 A?@>AOB, GB> B0:>5 MB> A0<>5  =5GB> , B> =8:0:>3> ?@O<>3> >B25B0 =5 1C45B 40=>. <5AB> @01>G53> >?@545;5=8O B5@<8=0 1C4CB ?@8<5=5=K @07=K5 :0G5AB25==K5 ?@8;030B5;L=K5:  O ?>4@07C<520N, GB> 53> ;8G=>ABL ?>402;ONI0O 8 ?>:>@ONI0O ,  GB> 2 =5< 5ABL GB>-B> <03=5B8G5A:>5 ,  GB> >= C2;5:0B5;5= 8;8 >12>@>68B5;5= ,  2=CH05B 2=8<0=85 8;8 ?>GB5=85 ,  53> ;8G=>ABL =0?><8=05B A>1>N :><=0BC . "0:>9 A?>A>1 ?>=OB5=. @5>1;040NB 420 M;5<5=B0. 5 24020OAL 2 =8E A;8H:>< 3;C1>:>, <K <>65< A=0G0;0 :>@>B:> CAB0=>28BL, GB> B0:>9 B8? >?8A0=8O ?>AB@>5= =0 >A=>25 45BA:8E 8 N=>H5A:8E @50:F89 =0 02B>@8B5B. > 2@5<O 45BAB20 8 N=>H5AB20 >B5F, 0 B0:65 2@0G, ?@54AB028B5;L :C;LB0 8 B. 4. ?@54AB02;ONB 02B>@8B5B. >340 >=8 3>2>@OB, 4>;6=> 1KBL 1KAB@>5 8 <>;G0;82>5 ?>A;CH0=85. 515=>: 225@305BAO 2 M<>F8>=0;L=>5 A>AB>O=85 8 1568B 8A?>;=OBL ?@8:070=85. "0:0O =0:;>==>ABL @5038@>20BL =0 02B>@8B5B =8:>340 =5 B5@O5BAO 2?>;=5 8 2=>2L 8 2=>2L ?>O2;O5BAO 2 =0H8E @50:F8OE ?> >B=>H5=8N : =5:>B>@K< 8=482840< 2 =0H8E 45;>2KE 8 >1I5AB25==KE :@C30E. >MB><C 2 40;L=59H59 687=8 B5 >@0B>@K 8 :><?0=L>=K, :>B>@K5 2=>2L 2>71C640NB A;54K @50:F88 =0 AB0@>5 02B>@8B5B=>5 ?>;>65=85, O2;ONBAO B0:8<8 8=482840<8, :>B>@KE <K >?@545;8;8 1K :0: A8;L=K5 ;8G=>AB8. B>@>9 M;5<5=B, ;560I89 2 >A=>25 AC645=89 > ;8G=>AB8 2 B0:>< ?>?C;O@=>< A<KA;5,  MB> ?>;>2>9 8;8 M<>F8>=0;L=K9, ?@8G5< ?>; ?>=8<05BAO 745AL =5 2 ?>?C;O@=>< A<KA;5, 0 2 A>2@5<5==><, ?A8E>?0B>;>38G5A:><. A;8 MB>B M;5<5=B O2;O5BAO =081>;55 A8;L=K<, B. 5. 5A;8 >@0B>@ 8;8 :><?0=L>= (AB8<C;) 2K7K205B B0:85 =0:;>==>AB8 : ?>;>68B5;L=K< @50:F8O<, B> ?>?C;O@=0O E0@0:B5@8AB8:0 >1;5:05BAO 2 =5A:>;L:> >B;8G=K5 A;>20. C6G8=0 8;8 65=I8=0  ;8G=>AB8  ?@82;5:0B5;L=K5 ,  >10OB5;L=K5 8;8  70E20BK20NI85 . @C610 =0G8=05BAO ?>GB8 <3=>25==>, ?@58<CI5AB25==> =0 >A=>25 MB>3> M;5<5=B0. !;54C5B =0?><=8BL, GB>, ?@845@6820OAL A>2@5<5==>3> B>;:>20=8O, MB>B @>4 @50:B82=>9 =0:;>==>AB8 2>71C6405BAO =5 B>;L:> ;8F0<8 4@C3>3> ?>;0, => 8 B>3> 65 A0<>3> ?>;0. 2B>@, ?@>45;02 AB0B8AB8G5A:89 0=0;87 D0:B>@>2, CG0AB2CNI8E 2 2>7=8:=>25=88 4@C61K, =0H5;, GB> =0 ?5@2>< <5AB5 >:070;AO M;5<5=B ?@02482>AB8, 0 =0 2B>@>< 25@=>AB8. -B>, :>=5G=>, CA;>2=> ?@028;L=K9 >B25B, 8 ?>;CG5==>5 @0A?@545;5=85 M;5<5=B>2 B0:>2>, :0: 53> <>6=> 1K;> 1K >6840BL 2 ?5AB@>9 <0AA5. A;8 >?@>A=K9 ;8AB >?@0H820; > 4@C38E 206=KE M;5<5=B0E, B> 284=>5 <5AB> 70=8<0;8 B0:85, :0: A8<?0B8O, 4CE>2=>5 @>4AB2> 8 B. ?. 1KG=> >B25G0;8 ?>;>68B5;L=> =0 A;54CNI89 2>?@>A:  @5H05B5 ;8 2K A59G0A 65, :0: B>;L:> AB0;:8205B5AL A 40==K< ;8F><, GB> 8<55BAO >A=>20 4;O 4@C61K? 5;8G09H85 70B@C4=5=8O 8A?KBK20;8 B5, :>B>@K5 ?KB0;8AL ?@>8725AB8 0=0;87. > B>3> 2 687=8 8< =5 ?@8E>48;>AL 2K@060BL MB>B D0:B>@ 2 A;>20E. K AB0;:8205<AO A B5< 65 70B@C4=5=85< ?@8 ?>?KB:5 >B25B8BL =0 2>?@>A, ?>G5<C <C6G8=K ;N1OB A2>8E 65=, 0 65=I8=K  <C659 8;8 @>48B5;8  A2>8E 45B59. K42830NBAO ?@8G8=K 87 >1;0AB8 CA;>2=>AB59. >;55 3;C1>:85 ?@8G8=K ;560B =865 C@>2=O >@30=87>20==KE A;>2, 2 =5@073040==KE (=52K@065==KE A;>20<8) M<>F8>=0;L=> 8=AB8=:B82=KE 8 ?@8=04;560I8E @0==8< =02K:0< A:;>==>ABOE. -B> 8 5ABL ?@8G8=0, ?>G5<C B0: B@C4=> 4>18BLAO B>3>, GB>1K ;N48 @07C<=> 2KA:070;8, GB> >=8 ?>4@07C<520NB ?>4 ;8G=>ABLN. !>G8=5=8O, :>B>@K5 <K 8<55< 87 @C: <=>38E =0CG=KE ?8A0B5;59 >  / , > ;8G=>AB8 8 E0@0:B5@5 40NB =5<=>38< ;CGHCN >A=>2C 4;O @01>BK. >GB8 2AO:89 ?A8E>;>3 8 <548F8=A:89 ?8A0B5;L 8<55B =0 D>=5 A2>59 @0==59 B@5=8@>2:8 8725AB=K5 @5;838>7=K5 8;8 <5B0D878G5A:85 ?@54?>AK;:8. = =5 =0E>48B A?>A>10 2?;5AB8 8E 2 =542CA<KA;5==>5 =0CG=>5 >1AC645=85 8=AB8=:B0, M<>F88 8 =02K:0. >MB><C >= 2K428305B 8E 2 70:;NG8B5;L=>< >1AC645=88  / 8 ;8G=>AB8, 345 7040G8 >1K:=>25==> =5 B0: >BG5B;82> @07@01>B0=K 8 ?>AB02;5=K. ?OBL-B0:8 2 A>G8=5=8OE CG5=KE <K B0:65 2AB@5G05< @0==85 @50:F88 =0 02B>@8B5B. -B> A:07K205BAO 2 =565;0=88 4>?CAB8BL, GB> 8=48284 8<55B 2=CB@8 A51O 2A5 D0:B>@K, >?@545;ONI85 459AB285. !G8B0NB =5>1E>48<K< 225AB8 4;O >1>A=>20=8O  / 8;8 ;8G=>AB8, 5A;8 =5 >B:@KB>, B> E>BO 1K A:@KBK< >1@07><, :0:>5-B> O4@>, :0:CN-B> A5@4F528=C 8;8 ACI=>ABL, :>B>@K5 =5 ?>440NBAO 0=0;87C, :>B>@K5 =5 <>3CB 1KBL 2K@065=K ?>A@54AB2>< OA=KE D0:B>@>2 =0A;54AB25==KE 8 ?@8>1@5B5==KE @50:F89 8 8E >1J548=5=89. -B> G5@57 2AN 8AB>@8N D8;>A>D88 8;;NAB@8@C5B  4CE 5@:;8 (Berkley),  A>7=0=85 8  / A>2@5<5==KE ?8A0B5;59 ?A8E>;>3>2 8  15AA>7=0B5;L=>9 D@5948ABA:8E <8AB8:>2. @54AB02;5=85 > ;8G=>AB8 2 =0C:5 > ?>2545=88 8 2 74@02>< A<KA;5. >-2848<><C, <K >?OBL 4>H;8 4> B0:>3> ?C=:B0 2 ?A8E>;>388, :>340 ?@>3@5AA <>65B 1KBL 4>AB83=CB =081>;55 1KAB@> B5<, GB> <K >B1@>A8< 2A5 MB8 BC<0==K5 ?@54AB02;5=8O > ;8G=>AB8 8 =0G=5< A ?@54?>AK;>:, :>B>@K5 4>AB02OB =0< ?>;57=K5 8 ?@0:B8G5A:85 @57C;LB0BK, C:;04K20NI85AO 2 >1KG=K5 ?>=OB8O =0CG=>3> O7K:0. C45< ?>4@07C<520BL ?>4 B5@<8=><  ;8G=>ABL 2A5 B>, G5< >1;0405B 8=48284 (2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 8;8 2 ?>B5=F88), 8 53> 2>7<>6=>AB8 (459AB28B5;L=K5 8;8 ?>B5=F80;L=K5) 2 >B=>H5=88 @50:F89. >4 B5<, G5< >= >1;0405B, <K ?>4@07C<5205<, 2>-?5@2KE, >1ICN <0AAC 53> o@30=87>20==KE =02K:>2, A>F80;878@>20==K5 8 C@53C;8@>20==K5 8=AB8=:BK, A>F80;878@>20==K5 8 C<5@5==K5 M<>F88 8 A>G5B0=8O 8 2708<>>B=>H5=8O MB8E ?>A;54=8E 8, 2>-2B>@KE, 2KA>:85 :>MDD8F85=BK :0: ?;0AB8G=>AB8 (A?>A>1=>AB8 >1@07>20=8O =>2KE =02K:>2 8 284>87<5=5=8O AB0@KE), B0: 8 A?>A>1=>AB8 C45@60=8O (3>B>2=>ABL CAB0=>2;5=8O =02K:>2 DC=:F8>=8@>20BL ?>A;5 ?5@8>40 =5?>;L7>20=8O 8<8). 0AA<0B@8205<K9 A 4@C3>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O 0:B82 53>  MB> B0 G0ABL A=0@O65=8O 8=482840, :>B>@0O A;C68B 53> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8N 8 @02=>25A8N 2 =0AB>OI59 A@545 8 B0:65 ?>B5=F80;L=K5 8;8 2>7<>6=K5 D0:B>@K, :>B>@K5 ?>43>B>28;8 1K 53> ?>4J5< 4;O B>3>, GB>1K A?@028BLAO A 87<5=82H59AO A@54>9. K@060OAL ?>4@>1=55, <K ?>4@07C<5205<, GB> <>65< ?5@5G8A;8BL ?@8G8=K 53> =0AB>OI59 =5?@8A?>A>1;5==>AB8 2 B0:8E B5@<8=0E, :0:  =54>AB0B>G=>ABL =02K:>2 ,  >BACBAB285 >1I5AB25==KE 8=AB8=:B>2 (8=AB8=:B, =5 87<5=5==K9 =02K:><),  1C@=>ABL M<>F88 8;8  =54>AB0B>: 8;8 >BACBAB285 M<>F89 , 8 GB> <K <>65< 70:;NG8BL, GB> A 53> =0AB>OI8< A=0@O65=85< 8 ?;0AB8G=>ABLN 8=48284 =5 2 A>AB>O=88 4>AB83=CBL C4>2;5B2>@8B5;L=>3> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8O =8 : =0AB>OI59 >1AB0=>2:5 =8, <>65B 1KBL, : :0:>9-=81C4L 4@C3>9.  B>< A;CG05, :>340 53> ?>B5=F80;L=K9 0:B82 4>AB0B>G5=, <K <>65< ?5@5G8A;8BL 8 =0G0BL 70?5G0B;5=85 B5E D0:B>@>2, :>B>@K5 1C4CB ?@83>4=K 4;O 53> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8O. -B>B A?>A>1 @0AA<0B@820=8O ;8G=>AB8 B@51C5B :0: 1C4B> =>@<K 4;O ?@8A?>A>1;5==>AB8 8 :0: 1C4B> ?@54?>;0305B, GB> B0:0O =>@<0 459AB28B5;L=> ACI5AB2C5B. >@<0, :>B>@>9 <K ?>;L7C5<AO 2 =0AB>OI55 2@5<O, =>A8B ?@0:B8G5A:89 E0@0:B5@ 8 >A=>20=0 =0 74@02>< A<KA;5. 0 ?@0:B8:5 <K 2 =0H59 >1K45==>9 687=8 15@5< 8=48284>2, A :>B>@K<8 7=0:><K, 8 >B<5G05< ACI5AB25==K5 D0:B>@K, =0 >A=>20=88 :>B>@KE >=8 <>3CB 70=8<0BL B> <5AB>, :>B>@>5 70=8<0NB 2 A>F80;L=>9 8 >1I5AB25==>9 687=8. '5< ;CGH5 <K ?>43>B>2;5=K, B5< B>G=55 <K <>65< >B<5B8BL MB8 D0:B>@K. >?@>A > B><, 1C45< ;8 <K :>340-;81> 8<5BL =0CG=K5 8 B>G=K5 =>@<K, <>65B =5 70=8<0BL =0A 2 =0AB>OI89 <><5=B. . 0@CH5=85 =02K:0 8 459AB285 53> =0 ;8G=>ABL 2545=85. 0 ?>A;54=85 3>4K 2A5 1>;55 ?@8>1@5B05B ?>G2C <=5=85, GB> <=>385 87 1>;57=59, :>B>@K< ?>425@65=0 ;8G=>ABL, 2K7K20NBAO A:>@55 =54>AB0B:0<8 8 =5A>25@H5=AB2>< A> AB>@>=K ?>2545=8O, G5< :0:8<-;81> ?>@>:>< 2 >@30=8G5A:>< <5E0=87<5. 0: <K C65 >B<5G0;8, >B45;L=K5 >@30=K B5;0,  A5@4F5, ;53:85, 65;C4>:,  <>3CB 2A5 DC=:F8>=8@>20BL ?@028;L=>, 8 2A5 65 ?@8A?>A>1;5=85 G5;>25G5A:>9 <0H8=K :0: F5;>3> 1C45B ?;>E8< 8 =5045:20B=K<. B45;L=K5 0=0B><8G5A:85 8 DC=:F8>=0;L=K5 M;5<5=BK =0;8F>, 0 >1J548=5=85 8E ?;>E>5. K 2848< 2A5 ?5@5E>4K B0:>3> >BACBAB28O >1J548=5=8O, =0G8=0O A =>@<0;L=>3> 8=482840, :>B>@K9 :>;51;5BAO =04 =5:>B>@K<8 A;>20<8 ?@8 B5AB0E =0 0AA>F80F8N, 8 4> 8AB5@8G5A:>3> 8=482840 2 :;8=8:5, CB5@O2H53> A?>A>1=>ABL ?>;L7>20BLAO @C:0<8, =>30<8 8 7@5=85<. 3@0=8G820OAL ;8HL :@0B:8< 8 153;K< >17>@>< >1;0AB8 1>;57=5==KE 87<5=5=89 ;8G=>AB8 8 8E ?@8G8=, :>B>@K5 >B=>AOBAO ?@58<CI5AB25==> : ?A8E80B@88, >AB0=>28<AO =0 <8=CBC =0 =5:>B>@KE ?@8<5@0E, 27OBKE 87 ;01>@0B>@=KE 8AA;54>20=89, 2 :>B>@KE <5E0=87<K =02K:0 2K2>4OBAO M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=> 87 AB@>O, 8 70B5< 87CG8< =5:>B>@K5 87 >1>1I5=89, :>B>@K5 1K;8 A45;0=K >B=>A8B5;L=> 459AB289, ?@>872>48<KE =0@CH5=85< =02K:0 =0 ;8G=>ABL 2 >1K45==>9 687=8. >2>4>< 4;O B>3>, GB>1K 70B@>=CBL 2>?@>A > 1>;57=5==KE 87<5=5=8OE ;8G=>AB8, A;C68B >BACBAB285 A>25@H5==>3> @02=>25A8O ;8G=>AB8 C :0:>3>-;81> G5;>25G5A:>3> ACI5AB20, :0: MB> <>6=> 2845BL 87 ?@54K4CI59 G0AB8 MB>9 3;02K. A5 <K O2;O5<AO =0 ?@0:B8:5 ?@>4C:B0<8 =0H59 B@5=8@>2:8 8 =0A;54AB25==>AB8. >MB><C =5:>B>@>5 C3;C1;5=85 2 D0:B>@K, ;560I85 2 >A=>25 =0@CH5=88 ;8G=>AB8, :065BAO =5>1E>48<>9 G0ABLN 4065 A0<>9 M;5<5=B0@=>9 B@5=8@>2:8. @5<5==>5 =0@CH5=85 =02K:0, 2K720==>5 M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=>. 5A:>;L:> ;5B B><C =0704 !B@MBB>= (Stratton) ?@>8725; >G5=L 8=B5@5A=CN A5@8N M:A?5@8<5=B>2 A F5;LN 8A?KB0BL 459AB285 2K2545=8O 87 AB@>O 7@8B5;L=>-42830B5;L=>9 @50:F88, :>B>@>5 ?@>872>48;>AL ?>A@54AB2>< ;8=7, ?@87< 8 75@:0;, ?>AB02;5==KE ?5@54 3;070<8. 0?@8<5@, 2 >4=>< M:A?5@8<5=B5 >4=> 75@:0;> ?><5I0;8 3>@87>=B0;L=> =04 3>;>2>9 8A?KBC5<>3> 8 >4=> <0;>5 75@:0;> ?5@54 3;070<8 B0:, GB>1K =0 =53> ?040;0 >B@065==0O >B 3>@87>=B0;L=>3> 75@:0;0 :0@B8=0. 7>1@065=85 B5;0 AB0=>28;>AL, B0:8< >1@07><, 3>@87>=B0;L=K< 2<5AB> 25@B8:0;L=>3>. "0: :0: 27OB> 1K;> 420 75@:0;0, B> =5 1K;> >1@0I5=8O ?@02>9 AB>@>=K 2 ;52CN, :0: 2 A;CG05 >4=>3> 75@:0;0.  01;N40B5;N ?@8E>48;>AL, B0:8< >1@07><, A<>B@5BL =0 A0<>3> A51O A B>G:8 7@5=8O, ?><5I5==>9 :0: 1C4B> 2KH5 53> A>1AB25==>9 3>;>2K. >;5 7@5=8O 2:;NG0;> 2A5 B5;> 8 >3@0=8G5==CN >1;0ABL 2>:@C3 . -:A?5@8<5=B ?@>4>;60;AO 2 B5G5=85 B@5E 4=59. >340 75@:0;0 =5 AB028;8AL, B> 3;070 702O7K20;8AL. -B> A>>@C65=85 2K25;>, :>=5G=>, 2A5 ?@028;L=K5 =02K:8 87 AF5?;5=8O. @8 MB>< =01;N40;>AL 3>;>2>:@C65=85, ?>B5@O @02=>25A8O 8 70<5B=>5 B>?0=85 =>30<8 8 =0IC?K20=85 @C:0<8, 0 B0:65 >BACBAB285 B>G=>9 :>>@48=0F88. @54<5BK, :>B>@K5 <>6=> 1K;> ;53:> 4>AB0BL, E20B0;8AL B0:, :0: 5A;8 1K >=8 =0E>48;8AL =0 3>@074> 1>;LH5< @0AAB>O=88. @>F5AA 2>AAB0=>2;5=8O 7@8B5;L=>3> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8O =0G0;AO ?>GB8 A@07C 8 1KAB@> ?>42830;AO 2?5@54.  :>=FC B@5BL53> 4=O, E>BO 8=>340 8 =0ABC?0;> 3>;>2>:@C65=85, 42865=8O ?@>8AE>48;8 2A5 65 A2>1>4=> 8 B>G=>. @C38<8 A;>20<8, =>20O A8AB5<0 =02K:>2 CAB0=>28;0AL =0 <5AB5 AB0@>9. -:A?5@8<5=B =5 1K; ?@>4>;65= =0AB>;L:>, GB>1K 8A?KBC5<K9 <>3 >A2>8BLAO A MB>9 =>2>9 A8AB5<>9 7@8B5;L=KE >1@07>2 B0: 65, :0: A> AB0@>9. "> 65 A0<>5 O2;5=85 =01;N40;>AL 8 B>340, :>340 ;8=7K ?><5I0;8AL B0:8< >1@07><, :>340 2A5 2848<K5 ?@54<5BK :070;8AL ?5@525@=CBK<8. %>645=85 8 42865=85 @C: ?@8 >B:@KBKE 3;070E 1K;8 :@09=5 =5C:;N68 8 ?>;=K =5>6840==>AB59. AB5AB25==>, GB> :>340 8A?KBC5<K9 @5038@>20; =0 ?@54<5BK A 70@KBK<8 3;070<8, B> AB0@K5 =02K:8 2=>2L A0<>CB25@640;8AL 8 @50:F88 ?@>872>48;8AL ?@028;L=>.  >=5G=>ABL >1K:=>25==> =0G8=0;0 42830BLAO 2 =0?@02;5=88, ?@>B82>?>;>6=>< B><C, :>B>@>5 2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 B@51>20;>AL. >340 O 70<5G0; ?@54<5B >:>;> >4=>9 87 A2>8E @C: 8 ?KB0;AO AE20B8BL 53> MB>9 @C:>9, B> ?@82>48; 2 42865=85 4@C3CN @C:C. ">340 O CA<0B@820; >H81:C 8 ?>?KB:>9, =01;N45=85< 8 8A?@02;5=85< 4>1820;AO =0:>=5F 65;05<>3> 459AB28O . ?OBL B0: 65, :0: 8 2 ?5@2>< B5AB5, CAB0=02;820;8AL =>2K5 A8AB5<K =02K:>2, 8 @50:F88 =0 2848<K5 ?@54<5BK >:@C60NI59 A@54K AB0=>28;8AL =>@<0;L=K<8. G5=L 8=B5@5A5= >48= ?C=:B 2 MB8E M:A?5@8<5=B0E, 0 8<5==> B>B D0:B, GB> 2 <><5=B, :>340 C18@0;8AL ;8=7K 8;8 75@:0;0, 8A?KBC5<K9 2>72@0I0;AO : A2>59 AB0@>9 A8AB5<5 @50:F89 ?>GB8 157 =0@CH5=89. 0@CH0NI89 D0:B>@ 459AB2>20; =54>AB0B>G=> 4>;3> 4;O B>3>, GB>1K 8A?KBC5<K9 @5038@>20; 8=0G5, G5< 4@C385 ;N48, ?>A;5 B>3> :0: 1K;0 87<5=5=0 >:@C60NI0O >1AB0=>2:0.  ?>74=59H5< M:A?5@8<5=B5 B5ABK ?@>4>;60;8AL 1>;55 4>;3>5 2@5<O.  MB>< B@5BL5< M:A?5@8<5=B5 2708<>>B=>H5=8O ?@02>9 8 ;52>9 AB>@>=K 7@8B5;L=KE ?@54<5B>2 1K;8 >?OBL ?5@525@=CBK. !B@MBB>= >?8AK205B A2>5 A>1AB25==>5 ?>2545=85 A;54CNI8< >1@07><.  >GB8 2A5 42865=8O, ?@>872>482H85AO ?>4 =5?>A@54AB25==K< @C:>2>4AB2>< 7@5=8O, >ACI5AB2;O;8AL A B@C4=>ABO<8 8 ?@5?OBAB28O<8. >AB>O==> 2K?>;=O;8AL =5?>4E>4OI85 42865=8O; =0?@8<5@, O E>B5; ?5@5428=CBL A2>N @C:C A >4=>3> <5AB0 2 ?>;5 7@5=8O =0 4@C3>5 <5AB>, :>B>@>5 O 2K1@0;, => B5 A>:@0I5=8O <CA:C;>2, :>B>@K5 ?@>8725;8 1K MB>, 5A;8 1K ACI5AB2>20;> =>@<0;L=>5 7@8B5;L=>5 @0A?>;>65=85, B5?5@L 2;5:;8 1K 4@C3CN @C:C 2 A>25@H5==> 4@C3>5 <5AB>. ">340 42865=85 ?@5:@0I0;>AL, =0G8=0;>AL 2=>2L 2 4@C3>< =0?@02;5=88 8 =0:>=5F, ?>A;5 A5@88 ?@81;865=89 8 ?>?@02>:, ?@82>48;> : =0<5G5==>9 F5;8. 0 AB>;>< ?@8H;>AL >AB>@>6=> 2K@010BK20BL A0<K5 ?@>ABK5 459AB28O, GB>1K A51O >1A;C6820BL. / ?>AB>O==> ?>;L7>20;AO =5 B>9 @C:>9, :>340 =C6=> 1K;> 27OBL GB>-=81C4L, ;560I55 A1>:C . 0 ?OBK9 45=L 70 CB@5==8< 702B@0:>< (;8=7K 1K;8 =045BK) @54:> ?@8<5=O;0AL =5A>>B25BAB2CNI0O @C:0 4;O B>3>, GB>1K 27OBL ?@54<5B, ;560I89 ?> >4=C AB>@>=C. 2865=8O A0<8 ?> A515 AB0;8 ;53G5 8 <5=55 ?@8E>B;82K<8 8 @54:> ?@>872>48;8AL 2 A>25@H5==> ;>6=>< =0?@02;5=88. @8 E>645=88 8A?KBC5<K9 =5 B0: G0AB> =0BK:0;AO =0 ?@54<5BK. 0 A54L<>9 45=L ?@0:B8G5A:8 2A5 7@8B5;L=K5 @50:F88 AB0;8 A>25@H5==K<8, E>BO 8=>340 ?>O2;O;8AL :0:85-B> :>=D;8:BK. @8 C40;5=88 AB5:>; =0 2>AL<>9 45=L =0<5G0;>AL =5:>B>@>5 =0@CH5=85, ?@>4>;602H55AO 2 B5G5=85 MB>3> 4=O 8 =0 A;54CNI55 CB@>.  0?@02;OOAL =0 :0:>5-=81C4L ?@5?OBAB285, AB>OI55 =0 ?>;C 2 :><=0B5  ABC;, =0?@8<5@,  O ?>2>@0G820;AO 2 =5?@028;L=>< =0?@02;5=88, :>340 E>B5; 871560BL 53>; B0: GB> G0AB> O, AB0@0OAL >1>9B8 25IL, :0: @07 =0BK:0;AO =0 =55 8;8 :>;510;AO =0 <><5=B, 2 =54>C<5=88, =5 7=0O, GB> 45;0BL. 5>4=>:@0B=> O >:07K20;AO 2 70B@C4=5=88, :0:>9 @C:>9 2>A?>;L7>20BLAO, GB>1K AE20B8BL @CG:C 425@8, =0E>4OICNAO A1>:C >B <5=O. 7 42CE @0A?>;>65==KE @O4>< 425@59, 254CI8E 2 @07=K5 :><=0BK, O ?>:CH0;AO >B:@KBL =5 BC, :>B>@CN A;54>20;>. @81;860OAL : ABC?5=L:5, O 70=>A8; =>3C 225@E, =0E>4OAL 5I5 =0 @0AAB>O=88 30 A< >B =55, 0 ?@8 70?8AK20=88 A2>8E 70<5B>: 2 MB> 2@5<O O ?>AB>O==> 45;0; =5?@028;L=K5 42865=8O 3>;>2>9, ?KB0OAL A>E@0=8BL ?>;5 A2>53> 7@5=8O >:>;> B>9 B>G:8, 345 O ?8A0;. / ?>4=8<0; 3>;>2C 225@E, :>340 =04> 1K;> 55 >?CAB8BL; O 42830; 5N 2;52>, :>340 =04> 1K;> A45;0BL MB> 2?@02> . A;8 1K AC48;8 > =>@<0;L=>AB8 ?>2545=8O !B@MBB>=0 2> 2@5<O ?5@2>3> 4=O ?> C40;5=88 AB5:>;, B> ?@8 ?>25@E=>AB=>< 87CG5=88 B>;L:> 53> @50:F89, =5 7=0O > ?@8G8=0E =5?@028;L=>3> ?@8A?>A>1;5=8O, 2K25;8 1K >G5=L =5?@028;L=K5 70:;NG5=8O >B=>A8B5;L=> >BACBAB28O C =53> @02=>25A8O 8 53> >1I8E CA;>289. @8B5;L=K5 @50:F88 1K;8, =5A><=5==>, 25AL<0  =5A>>B25BAB2CNI8<8 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 , => =0@CH0NI85 D0:B>@K 459AB2>20;8 =54>AB0B>G=> 4>;3>, 0 :@><5 B>3>, =5 ?@8 B0:>3> @>40 M<>F8>=0;L=KE CA;>28OE, GB>1K 2>2;5GL 8 >AB0;L=K5 53> =5>@30=87>20==K5 @50:F88. >=5G=>, >G5=L B@C4=> 2 A;CG05 =>@<0;L=>3> 27@>A;>3>, =02K:8 8 M<>F8>=0;L=K5 @50:F88 :>B>@>3> >G5=L CAB>9G82K, 2K720BL :0:85-;81> A5@L57=K5 8 A>E@0=ONI85AO 2>7459AB28O =0 ;8G=>ABL 22545=85< 2@5<5==KE =0@CH0NI8E D0:B>@>2.  A;CG05 =52@>B8G5A:>3> 8=482840 4065 2@5<5==K5 D0:B>@K, 2:;NG0NI85 M<>F88, <>3CB ?>=878BL AC<<C >@30=87>20==KE A8AB5< @50:F89 4> C@>2=O <;045=F0, :0: MB> ?@5:@0A=> ?>4B25@6405BAO 2 A;CG0OE ?>B@OA5=8O >B 72>=:0. > 2@5<O <;045=G5AB20 8 N=>H5AB20 =0@CH0NI85 D0:B>@K A@54K 2K7K20NB A0<K5 A5@L57=K5 8 4;8B5;L=K5 ?>A;54AB28O. A:;NG5=85 8 2>AAB0=>2;5=85 A8AB5< @50:F89. > 2@5<O 2A53> ?@>F5AA0 @0728B8O G5;>25:0 >B <;045=G5AB20 8 4> AB0@>AB8, => ?@58<CI5AB25==> 2 N=>AB8, ?@>8AE>48B =5 B>;L:> ?@>F5AA ?@8>1@5B5=8O =02K:>2 8 <>48D8:0F88 =0A;54AB25==KE @50:F89, => B0:65 8 AB>;L 65 206=K9 ?@>F5AA CAB@0=5=8O A8AB5< @50:F89, @01>B0NI8E B>;L:> 4> >?@545;5==>3> 2>7@0AB0. !B0@K5 A8BC0F88 CABC?0NB <5AB> =>2K<, 8 ?> <5@5 87<5=5=8O A8BC0F89 AB0@K5 A?>A>1K @50:F89 4>;6=K 1K >B1@0AK20BLAO 8 >1@07>2K20BLAO =>2K5. 8 >48= =>@<0;L=K9 <;045=5F ?>A;5 =5A:>;L:8E <5AOF52 E>4L1K =5 2>72@0I05BAO : A2>8< =02K:0< ?>;70=8O, 8 AB0@H89 @515=>: =5 2K:065B A2>53> AB0@>3> >@30=87>20==>3> ?>2545=8O ?> >B=>H5=8N : A2>8< :C18:0< 8 83@CH:0< ?>A;5 B>3>, :0: >= =0CG8;AO ?>;L7>20BLAO 8=AB@C<5=B0<8. 02K:8, CA2>5==K5 2 ?@>H;>< 3>4C, ?@>AB> =5 1C4CB @01>B0BL 2 A;54CNI5< 3>4C. -B> B0: 65 25@=> ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0H59 >1I5AB25==>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, :0: 8 : =0H8< >1K45==K< @50:F8O< =0 ?@54<5BK. @C7LO =0H8E 7@5;KE ;5B, :0: ?@028;>, =5 B5, :B> 1K;8 =0H8<8 4@C7LO<8 2 45BAB25 8 >B@>G5AB25. B1@0AK20=85  MB> ?@>F5AA =5 0:B82=K9, 0 2K720==K9 ?>GB8 8A:;NG8B5;L=> B5< D0:B><, GB> 2<5AB5 A 2>7@0AB>< 87<5=O5BAO >1I5AB25==0O 8 D878G5A:0O A@540, 8 4>;6=K CA20820BLAO =>2K5 =02K:8, 5A;8 8=48284CC< 4>;65= >AB020BLAO ?@8A?>A>1;5==K< ?> >B=>H5=8N : <5=ONI8<AO CA;>28O<. 5A><=5==>, GB> ?>;=>B0, A :>B>@>9 8A:;NG0NBAO AB0@K5, =5@01>B0NI85 C65 =02K:8 8 A2O70==K5 A =8<8 M<>F8>=0;L=K5 D0:B>@K ?@8 AB>;:=>25=88 A =>2K< ?>;>65=85<, G@572KG09=> 284>87<5=O5B B8? ;8G=>AB8, 2 :>B>@CN @0728205BAO :064K9 8=48284CC<. A;8 8=48284CC< ?>AB>O==> AB0;:8205BAO A =>2K<8 A8BC0F8O<8, A :>B>@K<8 <>65B A?@028BLAO, :0: MB> 1K205B 2 =>@<0;L=KE A;CG0OE, 8 5A;8 A8AB5<K @50:F89, :>B>@K5 >= ?5@5@0AB05B, =5 1K;8 A;8H:>< ?@>=8:=CBK 4C@=>9 A@54>9, B> AB0@K9 ?>@O4>: CABC?05B <5AB> =>2><C 157 @0=5=89 8 157 ?>O2;5=8O @07@CH0NI8E D0:B>@>2; => B0<, 345 8<55BAO 4C@=0O =0A;54AB25==>ABL, 1>;57=5==>ABL 2 45BAB25 8 87;8H=OO A=8AE>48B5;L=>ABL 8 157701>B=>ABL @>48B5;59, =>2K9 ?>@O4>: =02K:>2 CA208205BAO A A0<K<8 1>;LH8<8 70B@C4=5=8O<8. =48284 B>340 >AB05BAO A2O70==K< A2>8< ?@>H;K<. >65B 1KBL, =8:B> 87 =0A =5 ?@>E>48B =5?>2@5645==K< G5@57 AB0488 45BAB20 8 >B@>G5AB20. A;8 27@>A;K9 2=>2L AB0;:8205BAO A @0==8<8 ?>;>65=8O<8, B> >=8 <>3CB =5 2K720BL >B:@KBKE <;045=G5A:8E @50:F89, => >=8 8 =5 B5@ONB 2?>;=5 A2>59 A?>A>1=>AB8 2AB@OE=CBL AB0@CN M<>F8>=0;L=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL. !0<K5 C1548B5;L=K5 ?>4B25@645=8O 4;O MB>3> 273;O40 4>AB02;O5B ?A8E>?0B>;>38O, => 8 ?>2A54=52=0O 687=L 405B B0:65 C1548B5;L=K5 C:070=8O. G5=L <=>385 8=48284K A>E@0=ONB 2=CB@8 =5?@>=8F05<K5 >B45;5=8O, =0?>;=5==K5 AB0@K<8 A8AB5<0<8 @50:F89, :>B>@K5 ?@>B82>AB>OB 1C@O< 8 402;5=8N 7@5;>3> 2>7@0AB0. 0==OO @5;838>7=0O 8 >1I5AB25==0O ?>43>B>2:0 284>87<5=ONBAO A B@C4>< 8;8 A>2A5< =5 <5=ONBAO. !?>A>1K 3>2>@8BL 8 <KA;8BL > 25I0E, 70CG5==KE =0 :>;5=OE <0B5@8, >AB0NBAO 8=>340 =587<5==K<8 4> 3>@L:>3> :>=F0. 0 =>2K5 ?>;>65=8O =52>7<>6=> ?@028;L=> @5038@>20BL, ?>:0 =5 ?@>87>945B 284>87<5=5=85  AB0@K5 =02K:8 =5 1C4CB @01>B0BL 2 =>2>9 A@545, => 2 B> 65 2@5<O =5 70E>BOB CABC?8BL <5AB> =>2K<. =48284CC< >AB05BAO, B0:8< >1@07><, 2 ?>AB>O==> =5?@8A?>A>1;5==>< A>AB>O=88. 5A:>;L:> 8;;NAB@0F89 <>3CB ?><>GL 2 ?>=8<0=88 B>3>, :0: 2>7=8:0NB ?5@5:@5I820NI85AO =0:;>==>AB8, 8 :0: >=8 2;8ONB =0 ;8G=>ABL. 48= 8=48284CC< ?>B><C AB0=>28BAO ?A8E>;>3><, =5A<>B@O =0 A2>9 A8;L=K9 8=B5@5A : <548F8=5, GB> 2 A2>5 2@5<O 5<C 1K;> ;53G5 ?>;CG8BL B@5=8@>2:C ?> ;8=88 ?A8E>;>388. @C3>9 845B ?> 45;>2>9 :0@L5@5, B>340 :0:, 5A;8 1K MB> 1K;> 2>7<>6=>, >= AB0; 1K 4@0<0BC@3><. =>340, AG8B0OAL A =5>1E>48<>ABLN 701>B8BLAO > <0B5@8 8;8 > <;04H8E 1@0BLOE 8 A5AB@0E, <>;>4>9 G5;>25: =5 <>65B 65=8BLAO, E>BO ?>;>2>9 8=AB8=:B =>@<0;5=. "0:>9 E>4 459AB289 =5>1E>48<> >AB02;O5B =0 A2>5< ?CB8 =5>ACI5AB282H85AO 8<?C;LAK. ;8 65 <>;>4>9 G5;>25: 65=8BAO 8 >1702>48BAO 4><><, :>340 7@5;K5 @07<KH;5=8O >1=0@C68;8 1K, GB> 53> :0@L5@0 ?@>42830;0AL 1K 3>@074> 1KAB@55, =5 1C4L >= >1@5<5=5= A5<L59. @C3>9 8=48284CC< 65=8;AO 8, =5 2K@060O 2 A;>20E, 4065 8 A0<><C A515, GB> 53> 1@0:  >H81:0, >= ?>AB5?5==> 8A:;NG05B 2AO:>5 M<>F8>=0;L=>5 ?@>O2;5=85, 70I8I05B A51O >B A>AB>O=8O 2 1@0:5, ?>4<5=OO 5AB5AB25==K5 4><0H=85 A2O78 :0:>3>-;81> @>40 C2;5:0B5;L=>9 @01>B>9, 0 <=>3> G0I5  ?@8AB@0AB8O<8, C2;5G5=85< 1KAB@K< 42865=85< 8 @07;8G=>3> @>40 M:AF5AA0<8.  A2O78 A MB8< 8=B5@5A=> >B<5B8BL, :0: 1KAB@> 65=I8=K =01@>A8;8AL =0 2A5 284K @01>BK 2> 2@5<O ?>A;54=59 2>9=K. 5=I8=K ?@8 A>2@5<5==>< A>AB>O=88 >1I5AB20 =5 8<5NB >48=0:>2>3>, ?> A@02=5=8N A <C6G8=0<8, 4>ABC?0 : 70E20BK20NI8< B8?0< @01>BK, ?>MB><C H0=AK 2K@0AB8 87 A2>53> >B@>G5AB20 4;O =8E 1>;55 >3@0=8G5=K, G5< 4;O <C6G8=. A;8 <K ?@02K 2 MB>< 0=0;875, B> <K =8:>340 =5 <>65< 2?>;=5 871028BLAO >B MB8E =5>ACI5AB2;5==KE =0:;>==>AB59 45;0BL 4@C385 25I8, 0 =5 B5, :>B>@K5 <K 45;05<, 8 =5 <>65< =8:>340 >B =8E 871028BLAO, ?>A:>;L:C <K =5 2 A>AB>O=88 ?5@5AB@>8BL A0<8E A51O. -B8 =5C@53C;8@>20==>AB8 ?>O2;ONBAO, :0: B>;L:> A=OBK B>@<>70, B. 5. 2> 2A5E B5E A;CG0OE, :>340 =0H8 27@>A;K5 =02K:8 @5G8 8 459AB28O DC=:F8>=8@CNB =0 =87:>< C@>2=5, :0: 2> A=5, 2 <5GB0=8OE 8 ?@8 M<>F8>=0;L=KE @0AAB@>9AB20E. > MB>9 ?@8G8=5 A=>2845=8O, 0 B0:65 >H81:8 8 A;CG09=>AB8 >1K45==>9 687=8 ?@8>1@5B0NB 7=0G5=85 4;O 87CG5=8O ;8G=>AB8. 0728B85 <=>38E 87 MB8E 7045@60==KE =0:;>==>AB59, => =5 2A5E, <>65B 1KBL ?@>A;565=> 4> 45BAB20 8;8 >B@>G5AB20, ?@54AB02;ONI8E A>1>9 ?5@8>4 =0?@O65=8O 8 2>71C645=8O. K G0AB> 2848<, GB> 2 45BAB25 <0;LG8: @5038@C5B =0 A2>N <0BL 2 =5:>B>@KE >B=>H5=8OE B0: 65, :0: 8 =0 A2>53> >BF0. 52>G:0 B0:65 A8;L=> ?@82O7K205BAO : >BFC 8 @5038@C5B =0 =53> B0:, :0: @5038@>20;0 1K ?@8 8725AB=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB20E 55 <0BL. -B8 =0:;>==>AB8, A B>G:8 7@5=8O ?>?C;O@=>9 =@02AB25==>AB8, A>25@H5==>  =528==K . >, ?> <5@5 B>3> :0: 45B8 AB0=>2OBAO AB0@H5, >=8 87 B>3> 8;8 4@C3>3> 8AB>G=8:0 C7=0NB, GB> ?>4>1=K5 A?>A>1K  @5038@>20=8O ;81>  =5?@028;L=K , ;81> =5 ?@8=OBK; B>340 =5>1E>48< ?@>F5AA 8A:;NG5=8O 8 70<5I5=8O. 0<5I5=85 8;8 ?>4<5=K G0AB> 25AL<0 =5A>25@H5==K. !;>20 0?>AB>;0:  :>340 <K AB0=>28<AO <C6G8=0<8, <K >B1@0AK205< 45BA:85 45;0 1K;8 =0?8A0=K 704>;3> 4> @0728B8O A>2@5<5==>9 ?A8E>;>388. K 8E =5 >B1@0AK205<, <K 8E 70<5I05<, => >=8 =8:>340 =5 B5@ONB 2?>;=5 A2>N 8<?C;LA82=CN A8;C. >48B5;8, :>B>@K5 >1=0@C6820NB ?@5C25;8G5==K5 M<>F8>=0;L=K5 @50:F88 2 >B=>H5=88 A2>8E 45B59, A;8H:>< <=>3> =56=8G0O A =8<8, G0AB> ?>>I@ONB B0:85 @50:F88 8 70B@C4=ONB =>@<0;L=K5 70<5I5=8O.  40;L=59H59 687=8 AB0@K5 A8AB5<K =02K:>2 >1=0@C6820NB A51O A0<8 >B:@KBK< >1@07><. =>340 <K <>65< 2AB@5B8BL <>;>4>3> G5;>25:0, <0BL :>B>@>3> C<5@;0 8 :>B>@K9 =0E>48B <0;> ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8 2 452CH:0E, A :>B>@K<8 >= 2AB@5G05BAO. = A0< =5 <>65B ?@825AB8 =8:0:>9 ?@8G8=K 4;O MB>3> @02=>4CH8O 8, <>65B 1KBL, @0AA5@48;AO 1K, 5A;8 1K 5<C 87;>68;8 ?@028;L=>5 >1JOA=5=85. >4>1=K< 65 >1@07>< 27@>A;K5 <>3CB A;8H:>< A8;L=> ?@82O7K20BLAO : 45BO<. -B> G0AB> <>6=> 2845BL 2 A;CG05 65=I8=K, <C6 :>B>@>9 C<5@, >AB0282 55 A 548=AB25==K< AK=><. !K= 70<5I05B >BF0, 8 55 @50:F88, :>B>@K5 >=0 AG8B05B 2?>;=5 5AB5AB25==K<8 4;O ?@540==>9 <0B5@8, 1KAB@> ?@8=8<0NB 8725AB=K5 G5@BK B>3>, :0: >=0 >B=>A8;0AL 1K : A2>5<C <C6C. -B8 8;;NAB@0F88 1K;8 2K1@0=K 87 AD5@K =>@<0;L=>9 687=8. =8 40NB =0< ?@54AB02;5=85 > E0@0:B5@5 8 ;8G=>AB8 8=482840. =8 ?>:07K20NB =0<, GB>, 4;O B>3> GB>1K ?>=OBL A;01>AB8 8 A8;L=K5 AB>@>=K :0:>3>-=81C4L ;8F0, <K 4>;6=K 8<5BL 1>;LH5, G5< B>;L:> ?>25@E=>AB=>5 7=0:><AB2> A =8<. %0@0:B5@ 8 ;8G=>ABL =5 A:;04K20NBAO 2 >4=C =>GL 8 =5 @0ABCB, :0: 3@81K.  8B>35 <K <>65< A45;0BL A;54CNI55 >1>1I5=85: N=>H5A:85 8768BK5 8 G0AB8G=> >1>1I5==K5 =02K:8 8 A8AB5<0 8=AB8=:B82=KE @50:F89 <>3CB 2;8OBL 8, <>65B 1KBL, 2A5340 2;8ONB =0 DC=:F8>=8@>20=85 =0H8E 7@5;KE A8AB5< @50:F89 8 2;8ONB, 4> 8725AB=>9 AB5?5=8, 4065 =0 2>7<>6=>ABL >1@07>20=8O =0<8 =>2KE A8AB5< =02K:>2, :>B>@K5  :0: <>6=> @07C<=> ?@54?>;030BL  <K 4>;6=K >1@07>20BL. A8E>?0B>;>38G5A:0O AB>@>=0 872@0I5=8O =02K:>2.  :0G5AB25 ?A8E>;>3>2, 87CG0NI8E =>@<0;L=>5 ?>2545=85, <K ;8HL =0AB>;L:> 24048<AO 2 F0@AB2> ?A8E>?0B>;>388, GB>1K <>6=> 1K;> ?@>A;548BL A2O78 <564C 2KH5@0AA<>B@5==K< 872@0I5=85< =02K:0 8 ?@54AB02;5=85< ?A8E80B@0 > B><, GB> >= =07K205B  4CH52=K< 701>;520=85< . 0: E>@>H> 8725AB=>, A>2@5<5==K5 ?A8E>?0B>;>38 >1=0@C6820NB 2A5 2>7@0AB0NICN B5=45=F8N ?>@20BL A ?@54AB02;5=85< ?0B>;>3>2 > 1>;57=8 C B5E ?0F85=B>2, :>B>@K5 AB@040NB 1>;57=5==K< 87<5=5=85< ;8G=>AB8. >340 ?0B>;>3 8 D878>;>3 ?>A5I0NB ?A8E80B@8G5A:89 3>A?8B0;L, B> >=8 A:;>==K 8A:0BL 045:20B=>5 >1JOA=5=85 A>AB>O=8O ?0F85=B0 2 B5@<8=0E  ?>2@5645=8O <>73>2KE :;5B>: ,  70@065=8O ,  >B@02;5=8O 8 B. ?. ;O <=>38E 87 =8E, :0: 8 4;O ?>AB>@>==53> G5;>25:0, :065BAO =52>7<>6=K< ?@54AB028BL A515, GB> 8AG5@?K20NI89 >BG5B > 1>;57=8 ?0F85=B0 A ?@8G8==>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O <>65B 1KBL 40=, =5 ?@81530O : ?0B>;>388, D878>;>388 8;8 : <548F8=A:>9 E8<88. =>385 AG8B0NB, GB> 2 B0:8E A;CG0OE (G8AB> DC=:F8>=0;L=KE A;CG0OE) =52@>;>38G5A:85 8 E8<8G5A:85 B5ABK =5>1E>48<> 4>;6=K >1=0@C68BL =5:>B>@K5 >B:;>=5=8O >B =>@<K, 0 5A;8 =5 C405BAO >1=0@C68BL =8:0:>3> >@30=8G5A:>3> @0AAB@>9AB20, B> >=8 =0AB0820NB =0 B><, GB> ?>4>1=K5 87<5=5=8O 2A5 65 ACI5AB2CNB, => GB> >=8 =>AOB =0AB>;L:> B>=:89 E0@0:B5@, GB> CA:>;L70NB >B =01;N45=8O. >7<>6=>, GB> ?>4>1=K9 273;O4 =0E>48B ?>4B25@645=85 2> <=>38E A;CG0OE, => =0@0AB05B C15645=85 2 B><, GB> =5B =5>1E>48<>AB8 2 =0E>645=88 >@30=8G5A:8E ?>2@5645=89 4;O >1JOA=5=8O ?>4>1=KE D0:B>2 8 GB> 5A;8 >=8 8 =0945=K, B> >=8 =5 =5?@5<5==> >:07K20NBAO 206=K<8 D0:B>@0<8. @C38<8 A;>20<8, <K <>65< 8<5BL 1>;L=CN ;8G=>ABL =0 >A=>25 872@0I5=8O =02K:0  872@0I5=8O, 4>2545==>3> 4> B0:>9 AB5?5=8, :>340 :><?5=A8@CNI85 =02K:8 (?>;57=K5 =02K:8) =54>AB0B>G=K 4;O B>3>, GB>1K ?>445@60BL 8=482840 2 >1I5AB25. = =5 =0E>48BAO 2 :>=B0:B5 A> A2>59 A@54>9, 8 5A;8 B>;L:> 5<C =5 1C45B >:070=> ?><>I8, B> >= ?>GB8 =025@=>5 ?>381=5B 2A;54AB285 :>=:C@5=F88. 0: <K C65 >B<5B8;8 2KH5, =0@CH5=8O =02K:0 <>3CB =0G0BLAO, 0 G0AB> 8 =0G8=0NBAO A <;045=G5AB20. !=8AE>48B5;L=0O <0BL ?>>I@O5B A2>53> @515=:0, ?>72>;O5B 5<C 5ABL 2A5, GB> 5<C =@028BAO, 83@0BL A B5<, GB> B>;L:> >= A?@>A8B, =5 2K:07K205B A2>53> 02B>@8B5B0 =04 =8<, 2A5 45;05B 70 =53> 8 4065 ?@54C?@56405B 53> ?@>AL1K. @8 B0:>< @568<5 E>4L10 8 @073>2>@ >BA@>G820NBAO. = ?@815305B : ?;0GC; 2>N, B>;G:0< 8 :@8:C, :>340 65;0=8O 53> >B:;>=ONBAO. 0;LG8:>< 53> 10;CNB 8 ?>@BOB. 0 =53> 70ABC?0NBAO 2A5340, :>340 4@C385 <0;LG8:8 ?KB0NBAO =0=5AB8 5<C C40@K, :>B>@K5 53> 2K?@028;8 1K. 3> =5 70AB02;ONB CG8BLAO, 53> =5 CG0B @01>B0BL, 70@010BK20BL 4>102>G=K5 45=L38 8;8 1@0BL =0 A51O 4>;N >B25BAB25==>AB8. 54>AB0B>G=> @0=> >1@0I0NB 2=8<0=85 =0 ;>6L 8 >1<0=. <C =5 2=CH0NB, GB> >= 4>;65= =5AB8 =>@<0;L=CN =03@C7:C 8 >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 A2>8 ?>ABC?:8. > B5E ?>@ ?>:0 A>E@0=O5BAO AB0@0O, 1;03>?@8OBAB2CNI0O 5<C >1AB0=>2:0, >= 45@68BAO =0 ?>25@E=>AB8, => :>340 =0ABC?05B :@878A 8 :>340 5<C ?@8E>48BAO AB0;:820BLAO A <8@><, =5 2AB@5G0O ?><>I8 A> AB>@>=K, B> >= >:07K205BAO ;8H5==K< 40==KE, :>B>@K5 ?><>3;8 1K 5<C C45@60BLAO. !=0@O65=85 53> =5045:20B=>. 8@ ?>;>= B0:8E ?;020NI8E >1;><:>2, <=>385 87 :>B>@KE, 1;03>40@O 1;03>?@8OB=>9 >1AB0=>2:5, =8:>340 =5 ?>?040NB 2 ?A8E80B@8G5A:CN :;8=8:C. >9=0 40;0 =5A:>;L:> 8=B5@5A=KE A;CG052. 48=, <>65B 1KBL, A;54>20;> 1K ?@825AB8.  ?@87K2 ?>?0; <C6G8=0 B@84F0B8 ?OB8 ;5B, :@5?:>3> A;>65=8O. BF0 >= ;8H8;AO 2> 2@5<O A2>53> <;045=G5AB20. 0BL 1K;0 2=5 A51O 8 E>40B09AB2>20;0 ?5@54 :>=3@5AA>< 8 =5?>A@54AB25==> ?5@54 ?@57845=B>< >1 >A2>1>645=88 AK=0 >B A;C61K, B0: :0: >=  55 48BO 8 59 ?@8E>48;>AL A?0BL A =8< :064CN =>GL A> 2@5<5=8 53> @>645=8O. >:0 B@84F0B8?OB8;5B=55 48BO 1K;> 4><0, <0BL BI0B5;L=> A;548;0 70 A>1>9 8 1K;0, 2 >1I5<, 1>4@>9 8 687=5@04>AB=>9. >A;5 B>3> :0: AK= 2ABC?8; 2 0@<8N, >=0 AB0=>28;0AL 2A5 1>;55 8 1>;55 =51@56=>9 8 2?040;0 2 >BG0O=85. =0 >1;040;0 =5:>B>@K< A>AB>O=85< 8 2;8O=85<, 8 59 C40;>AL =0:>=5F 4>18BLAO >A2>1>645=8O AK=0, ?>A;5 G53> AG0AB;82K5 >B=>H5=8O 2>7>1=>28;8AL. @O4 ;8 <>6=> A><=520BLAO 2 B><, GB> 40;L=59H85 H5ABL <5AOF52 687=8 157 AK=0 ?@825;8 1K <0BL 2 :;8=8:C. 10 MB8 8=482840 AB@040NB 1>;57=O<8 ;8G=>AB8, =0AB>;L:> 65 @07@CH8B5;L=K<8, :0: BC15@:C;57 8;8 @0:. > 15A?;>4=> 1K;> 1K 8A:0BL 745AL >@30=8G5A:>3> @0AAB@>9AB20. CH52=>5 A>AB>O=85 MB8E 8=48284>2 >1JOA=O5BAO B5<8 2840<8 ?@8A?>A>1;5=89, :>B>@K5 =8:>340 8<8 =5 >B1@0AK20;8AL 2 =>@<0;L=>5 2@5<O. >:070B5;LAB2>< B>3>, GB> 1>;57=5==K5 87<5=5=8O ;8G=>AB8 ?@>8AE>4OB 2A;54AB285 70BO=C2H8EAO >A;>6=5=89 2 ?>2545=88, 0 =5 2A;54AB285 >@30=8G5A:8E @0AAB@>9AB2, A;C60B <=>3>G8A;5==K5 A;CG08, :>340 2 =>2>9 8 ?>4E>4OI59 A@545 AB0@K5 @50:F88 =8A?@>25@30NBAO 8 =0 8E <5AB> 70ABC?0NB =>2K5. =48284 ?5@545;0= A B>G:8 7@5=8O @50:F89 8 70=8<05B A2>5 =>@<0;L=>5 <5AB> 2 >1I5AB25. >20O B@5=8@>2:0 ( ;5G5=85 ) E>BO 8 B@C4=55, >4=0:> =8A:>;L:> =5 B08=AB25==59 8 =5 GC45A=59, G5< >1CG5=85 <;045=F0 E20B0=8N ;545=F0 8;8 >B45@3820=8N @C:8 >B ?;0<5=8 A25G8. 1@0E0< 0@>;L4 0A;>C "&/  '!", -DD5:B82=>5 2>A?@8OB85 @50;L=>AB8 8 :><D>@B=K5 2708<>>B=>H5=8O A @50;L=>ABLN 5@2>5, =0 GB> >1@0I05HL 2=8<0=85, >1I0OAL A A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K< G5;>25:><, B0: MB> =0 53> ?>@078B5;L=CN A?>A>1=>ABL @0A?>7=020BL <0;59H55 ?@>O2;5=85 ;68, D0;LH8 8;8 =58A:@5==>AB8. F5=:8 MB8E ;N459 C4828B5;L=> B>G=K. 5D>@<0;87>20==K9 M:A?5@8<5=B, 2 :>B>@>< ?@8=8<0;8 CG0AB85 ABC45=BK :>;;5460, 2KO28; >4=C >BG5B;82> 2K@065==CN B5=45=F8N: ABC45=BK, 8<52H85 2KA>:85 ?>:070B5;8 ?> B5ABC 1078A=>9 157>?0A=>AB8 (B. 5. 74>@>2K5 ABC45=BK), >F5=820;8 A2>8E ?@5?>4020B5;59 3>@074> 1>;55 B>G=> 8 25@=>, G5< ABC45=BK, 8<52H85 =87:85 ?>:070B5;8 ?> MB><C B5ABC. > E>4C 8AA;54>20=8O O 2A5 1>;LH5 C15640;AO 2 B><, GB> B0:>3> @>40 MDD5:B82=>ABL 2>A?@8OB8O, >1=0@C65==0O ?>=0G0;C B>;L:> 2 AD5@5 2708<>>B=>H5=89 A ;N4L<8, =C6=> ?>=8<0BL 3>@074> H8@5. =0 @0A?@>AB@0=O5BAO =0 >G5=L <=>385 0A?5:BK @50;L=>AB8  ?@0:B8G5A:8 =0 2A5 8AA;54>20==K5 =0<8. 82>?8AL, <C7K:0, 8=B5;;5:BC0;L=K5 8 =0CG=K5 ?@>1;5<K, ?>;8B8G5A:85 8 >1I5AB25==K5 A>1KB8O  2 ;N1>9 AD5@5 687=8 MB8 ;N48 C<5;8 <3=>25==> @073;O45BL A:@KBCN ACI=>ABL O2;5=89, >1KG=> >AB0202HCNAO =570<5G5==>9 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8. E ?@>3=>7K, :0:8E 1K AD5@ 687=8 >=8 =8 :0A0;8AL 8 =0 A:>;L 1K A:C4=K5 D0:BK =8 >?8@0;8AL, >G5=L G0AB> >:07K20;8AL 25@=K<8. K A:;>==K ?>=8<0BL MB> B0:, GB> 0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: >BB0;:8205BAO 2 A2>8E AC645=8OE >B D0:B>2, 0 =5 >B ;8G=KE ?5AA8<8AB8G5A:8E 8;8 >?B8<8AB8G5A:8E CAB0=>2>:, 65;0=89, AB@0E>2, =04564 8 B@52>3. !=0G0;0 O =0720; MB> A2>9AB2>  E>@>H8< 2:CA>< 8;8  74@02><KA;85< , >A>7=020O 2AN =5B>G=>ABL MB8E B5@<8=>2. > ?>AB5?5==> C <5=O ?>O2;O;>AL 2A5 1>;LH5 >A=>20=89 (> =5:>B>@KE 87 =8E O @0AA:06C =865) 3>2>@8BL =5 AB>;L:> > 2:CA5, A:>;L:> > 2>A?@8OB88, 8 2 :>=F5 :>=F>2 O ?@8H5; : C15645=8N, GB> MBC E0@0:B5@8AB8:C ?@028;L=55 1K;> 1K =0720BL  A?>A>1=>ABLN : 2>A?@8OB8N D0:B>2 (2 >B;8G85 >B A:;>==>AB8 : 2>A?@8OB8N <8@0 G5@57 ?@87<C CAB>O2H8EAO 8 >1I5?@8=OBKE <=5=89 8;8 ?@54AB02;5=89). / =045NAL, GB> MB>B <>9 2K2>4 8;8, B>G=55, ?@54?>;>65=85, :>340-=81C4L =0945B A515 M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=>5 ?>4B25@645=85. 54L 5A;8 =0< C40ABAO MB> 4>:070BL, B> ?>A;54AB28O, :>B>@K5 ?>2;5G5B 70 A>1>9 ?@87=0=85 MB>3> D0:B0, 1C4CB ?>8AB8=5 @52>;NF8>==K<8. =3;89A:89 ?A8E>0=0;8B8: >=8-8@; C65 70O28;, GB> =52@>B8:  MB> =5 ?@>AB> <0;>MDD5:B82=0O ;8G=>ABL, MB> ;8G=>ABL 01A>;NB=> =5MDD5:B82=0O. K <>65< A:070BL B0: E>BO 1K ?>B><C, GB> =52@>B8: =5 <>65B 2>A?@8=8<0BL @50;L=>ABL =0AB>;L:> 65 OA=> 8 MDD5:B82=>, :0: 2>A?@8=8<05B 55 74>@>2K9 G5;>25:. 52@>B8: 1>;5= =5 B>;L:> M<>F8>=0;L=>  >= 1>;5= :>3=8B82=>! A;8 <K >?@545;8< 74>@>2L5 8 =52@>7 A>>B25BAB25==> :0: 25@=>5 8 =525@=>5 2>A?@8OB85 @50;L=>AB8, B> ?5@54 =0<8 A> 2A59 =587156=>ABLN 2AB0=5B ?@>1;5<0 D0:B0 8 53> 7=0G5=8O, 8;8 >F5=:8, 8;8, 8=0G5 3>2>@O, ?@>1;5<0 548=AB20 @50;L=>3> 8 F5==>AB=>3>. -B> >7=0G05B B>;L:> >4=>  <K C65 =5 2?@025 8A:>A0 A<>B@5BL =0 F5==>AB8 8 >B4020BL 8E =0 >B:C? :;8:CH 8 @5;838>7=KE ?@>?>254=8:>2, ?>@0 A45;0BL 8E >1J5:B>< M<?8@8G5A:>3> 8AA;54>20=8O. ">B, :B> :>340-;81> AB0;:820;AO A MB>9 ?@>1;5<>9, ?>=8<05B, GB> 8<5==> >=0 4>;6=0 AB0BL DC=40<5=B>< 8AB8=>9 =0C:8 > F5==>ABOE, :>B>@0O, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, ;O65B 2 >A=>20=85 =>2>3> ?>=8<0=8O MB8:8, A>F80;L=KE >B=>H5=89, ?>;8B8:8, @5;8388 8 B. ?. 065BAO A>25@H5==> >G5284=K<, GB> =0@CH5=8O 040?B0F88 8 =52@>7K A?>A>1=K A=878BL >AB@>BC 7@8B5;L=>9 ?5@F5?F88, >AO70=8O, >1>=O=8O. > 2>7<>6=> B0:65, GB> <K >1=0@C68< 0=0;>38G=K9 MDD5:B 8 2 4@C38E AD5@0E 2>A?@8OB8O, =5 8<5NI8E ?@O<>3> >B=>H5=8O : D878>;>388,  2 ?>;L7C B0:>9 2>7<>6=>AB8 3>2>@8B E>BO 1K M:A?5@8<5=B, 2 :>B>@>< 87CG0;AO MDD5:B CAB0=>2:8 (Luchins .). / C15645=  @0=> 8;8 ?>74=> <K ?>;CG8< M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=K5 ?>4B25@645=8O B><C, GB> 2>A?@8OB85 74>@>2KE ;N459 3>@074> 2 <5=LH59 AB5?5=8, G5< 2>A?@8OB85 1>;L=KE ;N459, ?>425@65=> 2;8O=8N 65;0=89, ?>B@51=>AB59 8 ?@54C15645=89. >6=> B0:65 ?@54?>;>68BL, GB> 8<5==> MB0 0?@8>@=0O MDD5:B82=>ABL 2>A?@8OB8O A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 >1CA;>2;8205B 8E 74@02><KA;85, A?>A>1=>ABL 2845BL 8AB8=C, 8E ;>38G=>ABL, C<5=85 ?@8E>48BL : 25@=K< 70:;NG5=8O<, B. 5. :>3=8B82=CN MDD5:B82=>ABL. >;55 2KA>:>5 :0G5AB2> 2708<>459AB28O A @50;L=>ABLN ?@>O2;O5BAO C MB8E ;N459 8 2 B><, GB> 8< =5 A>AB02;O5B B@C40 >B;8G8BL >@838=0;L=>5 >B 10=0;L=>3>, :>=:@5B=>5 >B 01AB@0:B=>3>, 845>3@0D8G5A:>5 >B @C1@8D8F8@>20==>3>. =8 ?@54?>G8B0NB 68BL 2 @50;L=>< <8@5, 8< =5 ?> =@02C 8A:CAAB25==> A>740205<K5 <8@K 01AB@0:F89, 2KE>;>I5==KE ?>=OB89, C<>7@8B5;L=KE ?@54AB02;5=89 8 AB5@5>B8?>2, <8@K, 2 :>B>@KE ?>687=5==> ?>A5;O5BAO 1>;LH8=AB2> =0H8E A>2@5<5==8:>2. !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==><C G5;>25:C O2=> 1>;LH5 ?> 4CH5 8<5BL 45;> A B5<, GB> =0E>48BAO C =53> ?>4 @C:>9, A @50;L=K<8 A>1KB8O<8 8 O2;5=8O<8, 0 =5 A> A2>8<8 A>1AB25==K<8 65;0=8O<8, =045640<8 8 AB@0E0<8, =5 A ?@54C15645=8O<8 8 ?@54@0AAC4:0<8 >:@C65=8O.  082=>5 2>A?@8OB85 ,  B0: >E0@0:B5@87>20; MBC A?>A>1=>ABL 5@15@B 84. A:;NG8B5;L=> <=>3>>15I0NI59 :065BAO <=5 5I5 >4=0 >A>15==>ABL A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459  8E >B=>H5=85 : =58725AB=><C. AA;54>20=85 MB>9 >A>15==>AB8 <>65B AB0BL A2>53> @>40 <>AB><, A>548=ONI8< 0:045<8G5A:89 8 :;8=8G5A:89 @0745;K ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 7=0=8O. 4>@>2KE, A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 =5 AB@0H8B =58725AB=>ABL, =5>?@545;5==>ABL =5 ?C305B 8E B0:, :0: ?C305B A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3> G5;>25:0. =8 >B=>AOBAO : =59 A>25@H5==> A?>:>9=>, =5 284OB 2 =59 C3@>7K 8;8 >?0A=>AB8 4;O A51O. 0>1>@>B, 2A5 =58725AB=>5, =5AB@C:BC@8@>20==>5 ?@8BO38205B 8 <0=8B 8E. =8 =5 B>;L:> =5 1>OBAO =5872540==>3>, => ?@825BAB2CNB 53>. G5=L ?>:070B5;L=> 2 MB>< A<KA;5 70O2;5=85 -9=HB59=0:  !0<>5 ?@5:@0A=>5 2 <8@5  MB> B09=0. =0 8AB>G=8: 8A:CAAB20 8 =0C:8 . >8AB8=C, MB8E ;N459 <>6=> =0720BL 8=B5;;5:BC0;0<8, 8AA;54>20B5;O<8, CG5=K<8; >G5=L ;53:> AG5ABL, GB> 2A5 45;> 745AL 8 A>AB>8B 8<5==> 2 8=B5;;5:BC0;L=>9 <>I8, >4=0:> =0< 8725AB=> <=>65AB2> ?@8<5@>2 2KA>:>8=B5;;5:BC0;L=KE ;N459, :>B>@K5, =5A<>B@O =0 A2>9 2KA>:89 IQ, B> ;8 2 A8;C A;01>AB8, B> ;8 87-70 1>O7=8, B> ;8 ?> ?@8G8=5 :>=25=F8>=0;L=>AB8 8;8 2 A8;C :0:8E-B> 8=KE ;8G=>AB=KE 45D5:B>2 2AN A2>N 687=L 70=8<0;8AL <5;:8<8 ?@>1;5<0<8, >BH;8D>2K20;8 4> 1;5A:0 402=> 8725AB=K5 D0:BK, >1J548=OO 8E 2 3@C??K 8 @0745;OO =0 ?>4:0B53>@88,  A;>2><, 70=8<0;8AL 2AO:>9 GCHLN, 2<5AB> B>3> GB>1K A25@H0BL >B:@KB8O, :0: ?>4>105B =0AB>OI5<C CG5=><C. 58725AB=>ABL =5 ?C305B 74>@>2KE ;N459 8 ?>B><C >=8 =5 ?>425@65=K ?@54@0AAC4:0<: >=8 =5 F5?5=5NB G5@54 G5@=>9 :>H:>9, =5 ?;NNB G5@57 ?;5G>, =5 A:@5I820NB ?0;LFK  A;>2><, 8E =5 BO=5B =0 459AB28O, :>B>@K5 ?@54?@8=8<0NB >1KG=K5 ;N48, 65;0O C15@5GLAO >B <=8<KE >?0A=>AB59. =8 =5 AB>@>=OBAO =5872540==>3> 8 =5 153CB >B =5?>7=0==>3>, =5 >B@8F0NB 53> 8 =5 45;0NB 284, GB> 53> =5 ACI5AB2C5B, 8 2 B> 65 2@5<O >=8 =5 A:;>==K 2>A?@8=8<0BL 53> G5@57 ?@87<C ?@5427OBKE AC645=89 8 A;>682H8EAO AB5@5>B8?>2, =5 AB0@0NBAO A@07C 65 >?@545;8BL 8 >1>7=0G8BL 53>. E =5;L7O =0720BL ?@825@65=F0<8 7=0:><>3> 8 ?>=OB=>3>, >=8 CAB@5<;5=K : ?>7=0=8N 5I5 =5 >B:@KBKE 8AB8=, => 8E ?>8A: ?@024K  MB> =5 B> :0B0AB@>D8G5A:>5 AB@5<;5=85 : 157>?0A=>AB8, C25@5==>AB8, >?@545;5==>AB8 8 ?>@O4:C, GB> >1=0@C68; >;L4HB59= C ?0F85=B>2 A B@02<0<8 <>730, 8 =5 B>, GB> A2>9AB25==> :><?C;LA82=>->1A5AA82=K< =52@>B8:0<. -B8 ;N48 A>25@H5==> A2>1>4=> <>3CB ?>72>;8BL A515  :>340 A8BC0F8O B@51C5B B>3>  15A?>@O4>G=>ABL, =51@56=>ABL, =50::C@0B=>ABL, 0=0@E87<, 10@40:, =5C25@5==>ABL, =5B>G=>ABL, =5@5H8B5;L=>ABL, A><=5=8O, 4065 AB@0E (2A5 MB> 2?>;=5 4>?CAB8<>, 0 8=>340 4065 =5>1E>48<> :0: 2 =0C:5, B0: 8 2 8A:CAAB25, =5 3>2>@O C65 > 687=8 :0: B0:>2>9). "0:8< >1@07><, =5C25@5==>ABL, A><=5=8O, A>AB>O=85 =5>?@545;5==>AB8, AB>;L <CG8B5;L=K5 8 BO3>AB=K5 4;O 1>;LH8=AB20 >1KG=KE ;N459, AB8<C;8@CNB A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==CN ;8G=>ABL, ?>1C640NB 55 : 8AA;54>20=8N 8 ?>7=0=8N. @8OB85 (A51O, 4@C38E, ?@8@>4K) =5 :065BAO, GB> >G5=L <=>385 E0@0:B5@8AB8:8, >B;8G0NI85 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459, E0@0:B5@8AB8:8, =0 ?5@2K9 273;O4 :0: 1C4B> =5 8<5NI85 3;C18==KE 45B5@<8=0=B, :06CI85AO A>25@H5==> >1>A>1;5==K<8, =5 A2O70==K<8 4@C3 A 4@C3><, =0 A0<>< 45;5 <>6=> ?>=OBL :0: @07=K5 ?@>872>4=K5 8;8 @07=K5 D>@<K ?@>O2;5=8O >4=>9 >A=>2>?>;030NI59, DC=40<5=B0;L=>9 CAB0=>2:8, 0 8<5==>  >BACBAB285 A0<>4>2;5NI53> GC2AB20 28=K 8 ABK40. @C3>5 45;> =52@>B8:  GC2AB2> 28=K B5@705B 53>, >= ?>@01>I5= ABK4>< 8 42868< B@52>3>9. 0 GB> B0< =52@>B8:! 065 A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:89 ?@54AB028B5;L =0H59 :C;LBC@K, B0: =07K205<K9 =>@<0;L=K9 G5;>25: 3>B>2 ?>440BLAO ?5@56820=8N 28=K, ABK40 8 B@52>38 4065 2 B5E A;CG0OE, 2 :>B>@KE MB> A>25@H5==> =5 >1O70B5;L=>. > 74>@>2K9 G5;>25: B5< 8 >B;8G05BAO >B A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3>, GB> >= 6825B 2 ;04C A A>1>9 8, 5A;8 C6 =0 B> ?>H;>, =5 A;8H:>< >3>@G05BAO ?> ?>2>4C A2>8E =54>AB0B:>2. = ?@8=8<05B A2>N ACI=>ABL, 40;5:> =5 2A5340 8450;L=CN, A> 2A5<8 ?@8ACI8<8 59 87JO=0<8 8 =54>AB0B:0<8. >2>@O >1 MB><, O 2>2A5 =5 8<5N 2 284C, GB> 5<C A2>9AB25==> A0<>4>2>;LAB2> 8 A0<>;N1>20=85, GB> >= 01A>;NB=> C4>2;5B2>@5= A>1>9. / E>GC A:070BL, GB> >= C<55B A>ACI5AB2>20BL A> A2>8<8 A;01>ABO<8, ?@8=8<05B A2>N 3@5E>2=>ABL 8 ?>@>G=>ABL, C<55B >B=>A8BLAO : =8< B0: 65 ?@>AB>, :0: <K >B=>A8<AO : ?@8@>45. 54L <K 65 =5 A5BC5< =0 B>, GB> 2>40 <>:@0O, GB> :0<=8 BO65;K5, 0 45@52LO ?> >A5=8 65;B5NB. 0: @515=>: A<>B@8B =0 <8@ =082=K<8, H8@>:> @0A?0E=CBK<8 3;070<8, =8G53> =5 >6840O 8 =5 B@51CO >B =53>, =5 :@8B8:CO 8 =5 >A?0@820O 53>, ?@>AB> =01;N40O B>, GB> ?@54AB05B 53> 27>@C, B>G=> B0: 65 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: 2>A?@8=8<05B A2>N G5;>25G5A:CN ?@8@>4C, ?@8@>4C 4@C38E ;N459. -B>, :>=5G=> 65, =5 B>B B8? A<8@5=8O, :>B>@K9 8A?>254C5BAO =0 >AB>:5, E>BO 8 A<8@5=85 A2>9AB25==> MB8< ;N4O<  >A>15==> :>340 >=8 >:07K20NBAO ?5@54 ;8F>< BO65;>9 1>;57=8 8 A<5@B8. 0<5BLB5, E0@0:B5@8AB8:0, > :>B>@>9 O 3>2>@N A59G0A, 8<55B =5?>A@54AB25==>5 >B=>H5=85 : >1AC6402H59AO 2KH5 >A>1>9 A?>A>1=>AB8 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459. / E>GC =0?><=8BL >1 8E A?>A>1=>AB8 2845BL @50;L=>ABL 2 55 8AB8==>< A25B5. -B8 ;N48 2>A?@8=8<0NB G5;>25G5A:CN ?@8@>4C B0:>9, :0:0O >=0 5ABL, 0 =5 B0:>9, :0:>9 >=8 E>B5;8 1K 2845BL 55. =8 A<5;> A<>B@OB =0 B>, GB> ?@54AB05B 8E 273;O4C, >=8 =5 ?@8IC@820NBAO 8 =5 =04520NB >G:8, GB>1K @073;O45BL =5ACI5AB2CNI55, =5 8A:060NB 8 =5 @0A:@0H820NB @50;L=>ABL 2 B5 8;8 8=K5 F25B0. ! =081>;LH59 >G5284=>ABLN MB0 A?>A>1=>ABL : ?>;=><C ?@8OB8N >1=0@C68205B A51O =0 A0<>< =87:>< C@>2=5 ?>B@51=>AB59, =0 B0: =07K205<>< 682>B=>< C@>2=5. !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 <>6=> =0720BL :@5?:8<, 74>@>2K< 682>B=K<. 8GB> G5;>25G5A:>5 =5 GC64> 5<C, 8 >= =5 1C45B 8A?KBK20BL 28=K 8;8 ABK40 ?> ?>2>4C A2>8E ?>7K2>2. # =53> E>@>H89 0??5B8B, :@5?:89 A>=, >= C<55B ?>;CG0BL C4>2>;LAB285 >B A5:A0 8 4@C38E D878>;>38G5A:8E 2;5G5=89. 3> ?@8OB85 @0A?@>AB@0=O5BAO =5 B>;L:> =0 MB8, =87H85 ?>B@51=>AB8, => 8 =0 ?>B@51=>AB8 4@C38E C@>2=59  =0 ?>B@51=>AB8 2 157>?0A=>AB8, ;N128, ?@8=04;56=>AB8, A0<>C2065=88. A5 ?>1C645=8O 8 8<?C;LAK, ?@8ACI85 =>@<0;L=><C G5;>25:C, A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K5 ;N48 AG8B0NB 5AB5AB25==K<8 8 70A;C6820NI8<8 C4>2;5B2>@5=8O, >=8 ?>=8<0NB, GB> B0: @0A?>@O48;0AL ?@8@>40, >=8 =5 ?KB0NBAO >A?>@8BL 55 ?@>872>; 8;8 =02O70BL 59 C3>4=K9 8< ?>@O4>: 25I59. AB5AB25==K< ?@>4>;65=85< A?>A>1=>AB8 : ?@8OB8N AB0=>28BAO ?>=865==0O A?>A>1=>ABL : >B2@0I5=8N  =5?@8OB=K5 <><5=BK, A2O70==K5 A ?@83>B>2;5=85< ?8I8, B5;5A=K5 2K45;5=8O 8 70?0E8, D878>;>38G5A:85 DC=:F88 =5 2K7K20NB C =8E B>3> >B2@0I5=8O, :>B>@K< >1KG=> @5038@C5B A@54=89 G5;>25: 8 B5< 1>;55 =52@>B8:. -B>9 65 A?>A>1=>ABLN : ?@8OB8N >1JOA=O5BAO, 25@>OB=>, 8 B>B D0:B, GB> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K< ;N4O< GC640 2AO:0O ?>70, GB> >=8 B5@?5BL =5 <>3CB ?>75@>2. %0=65AB2>, ;8F5<5@85, =58A:@5==>ABL, D0;LHL, ?@8B2>@AB2>, 65;0=85 ?@>8725AB8 2?5G0B;5=85  2A5 MB8 :0G5AB20 A>25@H5==> =5 A2>9AB25==K 8<. =8 =5 E>BOB :070BLAO ;CGH5, G5< >=8 5ABL, 8< MB> =5 A;>6=> C65 ?>B><C, GB> >=8 C<5NB <8@8BLAO A> A2>8<8 =54>AB0B:0<8, 0 ?> <5@5 A0<>0:BC0;870F88 8 >A>15==> =0 A:;>=5 687=5==>3> ?CB8 ?@82K:0NB >B=>A8BLAO : =8< C65 =5 :0: : =54>AB0B:0<, 0 :0: :> 2?>;=5 =59B@0;L=K< ;8G=>AB=K< E0@0:B5@8AB8:0<. A5 2KH5A:070==>5 5I5 =5 >7=0G05B, GB> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K< ;N4O< =57=0:><K GC2AB2> 28=K, ABK4, ?5G0;L, B@52>30 8;8 A0<>70I8B=K5 B5=45=F88  @5GL 845B > 2@54=>9, =5=C6=>9, =52@>B8G5A:>9 (B. 5. =5@50;8AB8G5A:>9) 28=5, > B0:>< 65 ABK45 8 B. ?. 87<5==K5, 682>B=K5 ?>7K2K 8 ?@>F5AAK, 0 B0:65 A2O70==K5 A =8<8 >B?@02;5=8O, B0:85 :0: A5:A, C@8=0F8O, 15@5<5==>ABL, <5=AB@C0F8O, AB0@5=85 8 B. 4., 2>A?@8=8<0NBAO MB8<8 ;N4L<8 A>25@H5==> A?>:>9=>, :0: =5>BJ5<;5<0O G0ABL @50;L=>AB8. 4>@>20O 65=I8=0 =5 ABK48BAO 1KBL 65=I8=>9, =5 ABK48BAO A2>53> B5;0 8 ?@>F5AA>2, ?@>8AE>4OI8E 2 =5<. ABL B>;L:> =5A:>;L:> 25I59 8 >1AB>OB5;LAB2, A?>A>1=KE 2K720BL GC2AB2> 28=K (8;8 ABK4, B@52>3C, ?5G0;L, A>60;5=85) C MB8E ;N459, A@548 =8E: 1) B0:85 =54>AB0B:8 8 ?>@>:8, :>B>@K5 G5;>25: <>65B ?>1548BL 2 A515 (=0?@8<5@, ;5=L, M3>87<); 2) =5?@5>4>;5==K5 ?5@568B:8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> =574>@>2LO (?@54C15645=8O, 7028ABL, @52=>ABL); 3) ?@82KG:8, :>B>@K5, E>BO 8 =5 AB0;8 2B>@>9 =0BC@>9, <>3CB >:070BLAO 25AL<0 A8;L=K<8, 0 B0:65 4) =54>AB0B:8 8 ?>@>:8 B>9 :C;LBC@K 8;8 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??K, A :>B>@>9 >=8, MB8 ;N48, 845=B8D8F8@CNB A51O.  A0<>< >1I5< 2845 <>6=> A:070BL, GB> 74>@>2K5 ;N48 8A?KBK20NB 48A:><D>@B B>;L:> B>340, :>340 284OB, GB> @50;L=K9 E>4 25I59 >B:;>=O5BAO >B 2>7<>6=>3>, 4>AB868<>3>, 0 A;54>20B5;L=>, =5>1E>48<>3>. !?>=B0==>ABL, ?@>AB>B0, 5AB5AB25==>ABL !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 <>6=> >E0@0:B5@87>20BL :0: 4>AB0B>G=> A?>=B0==KE 2 A2>5< ?>2545=88 8 :0: ?@545;L=> A?>=B0==KE 2 A2>59 2=CB@5==59 687=8, 2 A2>8E <KA;OE, ?>1C645=8OE, 65;0=8OE 8 B. ?. =8 254CB A51O ?@>AB> 8 5AB5AB25==>, =5 ?KB0OAL ?@>8725AB8 2?5G0B;5=8O =0 >:@C60NI8E. -B> =5 >7=0G05B, GB> 8E ?>2545=85 5:>=25=F8>=0;L=>, GB> >=> 845B 2@07@57 A CA;>2=>ABO<8 8 B@048F8O<8. A;8 1K <K 27O;8AL ?>4AG8B0BL, :0: G0AB> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: ?>72>;O5B A515 1KBL =5:>=25=F8>=0;L=K< 2 ?>2545=88, B>, ?>25@LB5, MB>B ?>:070B5;L 1K; 1K =5 A;8H:>< 2KA>:. 3> =5B@048F8>==>ABL  MB> =5 2=5H=OO G5@B0, 0 3;C18==0O, ACI=>AB=0O E0@0:B5@8AB8:0: 74>@>2K9 G5;>25: =5:>=25=F8>=0;5=, A?>=B0=5=, 5AB5AB25= A:>@55 8 3;02=K< >1@07>< 2 A2>8E ?>1C645=8OE 8 <KA;OE, G5< 2 ?>2545=88. = >BG5B;82> >A>7=05B, GB> <8@, 2 :>B>@>< >= 6825B, ?>;>= CA;>2=>AB59, GB> MB>B <8@ ?@>AB> =5 2 A>AB>O=88 ?>=OBL 8 ?@8=OBL 53> A?>=B0==>ABL. = =5 E>G5B >1860BL >:@C60NI8E 53> ;N459, >= =5 8<55B 65;0=8O >A?0@820BL ?@8=OBK5 8<8 =>@<K ?>2545=8O 8 ?>B><C A 4>1@>4CH=>9 CA<5H:>9 8 A> 2A5< 2>7<>6=K< 87OI5AB2>< ?>4G8=O5BAO CAB0=>2;5==K< B@048F8O<, F5@5<>=8O< 8 @8BC0;0<, AB>;L 4>@>38< A5@4FC :064>3> >1K20B5;O. =5 2A?><8=05BAO, :0: >4=><C 87 B0:8E ;N459 ?@8AC48;8 ?@5<8N, =04 :>B>@>9 >= 2A5340 A<5O;AO, 8 >=, =5 65;0O 45;0BL 87 <CE8 A;>=0 8 >1860BL ;N459, E>B52H8E ?>@04>20BL 53>, A 1;03>40@=>ABLN ?@8=O; MBC =03@04C. >=25=F8>=0;L=>ABL A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 ?>4>1=> ;53:>9 =0:84:5, >=, =5 704C<K20OAL, A1@0AK205B 55, :>340 >=0 <5H05B 5<C 45;0BL B>, GB> >= AG8B05B 206=K<. <5==> 2 B0:85 <><5=BK 2 ?>;=>9 <5@5 ?@>O2;O5BAO 53> 8AB8==0O, ACI=>AB=0O =5:>=25=F8>=0;L=>ABL, 2 :>B>@>9 =5B =8G53> >B 0=B8:>=25=F8>=0;L=>AB8 B0: =07K205<>9 1>35<K 8 =838;8AB>2, :>B>@K5 >A?0@820NB 2A5 8 2AO, A@060NBAO ?@>B82 =5ACI5AB25==KE, ?CABO:>2KE >3@0=8G5=89 B0:, A;>2=> AB>;:=C;8AL A ?@>1;5<>9 2A5;5=A:>3> <0AHB010. =CB@5==OO A?>=B0==>ABL >1=0@C68205BAO C 74>@>2>3> G5;>25:0 8 2 <><5=BK 01A>;NB=>9 ?>3;>I5==>AB8 206=K< 4;O =53>, 8=B5@5A=K< 45;><.  B0:85 <3=>25=8O >= :0: 1C4B> 701K205B > 2A5E ACI5AB2CNI8E =>@<0E ?>2545=8O; 3;O4O =0 =53> 2 <8=CBK C2;5G5==>AB8, <>6=> ?>4C<0BL, GB> :>=25=F8>=0;L=>ABL, A2>9AB25==0O 5<C 2 ?>2A54=52=>9 687=8, 405BAO 5<C F5=>9 B8B0=8G5A:8E CA8;89 2>;8. = @0AAB538205B ?8460: :>=25=F8>=0;L=>AB8 8 B>340, :>340 =0E>48BAO 2 :><?0=88 4@C759, :>B>@K5 =5 B@51CNB 8 =5 64CB >B =53>  A>1;N45=8O ?@8;8G89 . 1AB>OB5;LAB20, :>B>@K5 2>7;030NB =0 74>@>2>3> G5;>25:0 >1O70B5;LAB20 ?> A>1;N45=8N CA;>2=KE ?@54?8A0=89, 2848<>, BO3>BOB 53>. >4B25@645=85< MB><C =01;N45=8N <>65B ?>A;C68BL B>B D0:B, GB> 2A5 >1A;54>20==K5 =0<8 ;N48 ?@54?>G8B0;8 8<5==> B0:85 A8BC0F88 8 B0:85 :><?0=88, 2 :>B>@KE >=8 1K;8 1K A2>1>4=K >B >1O70==>AB8 1KBL ?@54A:07C5<K<8, 2 :>B>@KE >=8 <>3;8 1K 25AB8 A51O A2>1>4=> 8 5AB5AB25==>. AB5AB25==K< A;54AB285< MB>9 E0@0:B5@8AB8:8 74>@>2>3> G5;>25:0 8;8 5AB5AB25==>9 A>?CBAB2CNI59 E0@0:B5@8AB8:>9 O2;O5BAO 8E =57028A8<>ABL 2 =@02AB25==KE C15645=8OE; 8E <>@0;L=K5 ?@8=F8?K 2 1>;LH59 <5@5 >B@060NB ?@8ACI55 8< A2>5>1@0785, G5< ?@8=OBK5 2 >1I5AB25 MB8G5A:85 =>@<K. 5 A;8H:>< 24C<G82K9 =01;N40B5;L <>65B AG5ABL B0:8E ;N459 0<>@0;L=K<8, ?>A:>;L:C >=8 =5 B>;L:> A:;>==K ?@5=51@530BL CA;>2=>ABO<8, => 8 <>3CB 4065, 5A;8 B>3> B@51C5B A8BC0F8O, ?>9B8 2@07@57 ?@54?8A0=8O< 8 =>@<0<. 4=0:> MB>B =01;N40B5;L 1C45B 2 :>@=5 =5?@02. 0?@>B82, MB8 ;N48  2KA>:><>@0;L=K, 2KA>:>=@02AB25==K, E>BO 8E <>@0;L=K5 ?@8=F8?K =5 2A5340 A>2?040NB A >1I5?@8=OBK<8. <5==> B0:>3> @>40 =01;N45=8O ?@82>4OB <5=O : C15645==>AB8 2 B><, GB> B0: =07K205<>5 MB8G5A:>5 ?>2545=85 A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3> G5;>25:0 =0AB>;L:> :>=25=F8>=0;L=>, GB> MB> A:>@55 :>=25=F8>=0;L=>5 ?>2545=85, =565;8 ?>-=0AB>OI5<C MB8G5A:>5, B0:>3> @>40 ?>2545=85 =5 >A=>2K205BAO =0 2=CB@5==8E C15645=8OE 8 ?@8=F8?0E, MB> =5 1>;55 G5< 1574C<=>5 A;54>20=85 >1I5?@8=OBK< =>@<0<. !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: =5 2 A>AB>O=88 2A59 4CH>9 ?@8=OBL CA;>2=>AB8 >:@C60NI53> 53> >1I5AB20, >= =5 <>65B =5 2845BL ?>2A5<5AB=>3> E0=65AB20 8 2 @57C;LB0B5 ?>@>9 =0G8=05B >ICI0BL A51O H?8>=>< 2 BK;C 2@030. =>340 A;54K MB>3> GC2AB20 <>6=> 70<5B8BL 4065 2 53> ?>2545=88. =5 =5 E>B5;>AL 1K, GB>1K C 20A A;>68;>AL 2?5G0B;5=85, 1C4B> MB8 ;N48 ?>AB>O==> A:@K20NB A2>5 =54>2>;LAB2>. 5B, >=8 2?>;=5 A?>A>1=K 2 ?>@K25 3=520 8;8 @074@065=8O 2>AAB0BL ?@>B82 CA;>2=>AB59, ?@>B82 =52565AB20. >@>9 >=8 ?KB0NBAO >B:@KBL ;N4O< 3;070, AB0@0NBAO ?@>A25B8BL 8E, @0AA:070BL 8< 8AB8=C; >=8 2KABC?0NB 2 70I8BC C3=5B5==KE 8 >1865==KE, 0 8=>340, 284O BI5B=>ABL A2>8E CA8;89, 40NB 2>;N A:>?82H5<CAO 3=52C, 8 MB>B 3=52 =0AB>;L:> 8A:@5=5= 8 G8AB, =0AB>;L:> ?@02545= 8 2>72KH5=, GB> :065BAO ?>GB8 A2OB>B0BAB2>< ?@5?OBAB2>20BL 53> ?@>O2;5=8O<. / 2845; A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 2 3=525, 8 4;O <5=O A>25@H5==> >G5284=>, GB> 8< 01A>;NB=> 157@07;8G=>, :0:>5 2?5G0B;5=85 >=8 ?@>87254CB =0 >:@C60NI8E, GB> >=8 =5 8A?KBK20NB ?> MB><C ?>2>4C =8 B@52>38, =8 28=K, =8 ABK40, E>BO >1KG=>, :>340 =5 70B@>=CBK 8E 3;C18==K5, >A=>2>?>;030NI85 C15645=8O 8 ?@8=F8?K, >=8 254CB A51O 2?>;=5 :>=25=F8>=0;L=>, =5 65;0O >1860BL 8;8 A<CI0BL >:@C60NI8E. !?>A>1=>ABL : 045:20B=><C 2>A?@8OB8N @50;L=>AB8, 45BA:0O 8;8, 5A;8 E>B8B5, 682>B=0O A?>A>1=>ABL : ?@8OB8N A0<>3> A51O 8 A?>A>1=>ABL : A?>=B0==>AB8 ?@54?>;030NB, GB> MB8 ;N48 C<5NB G5B:> >A>7=020BL A2>8 A>1AB25==K5 8<?C;LAK, 65;0=8O, ?@54?>GB5=8O 8 AC1J5:B82=K5 @50:F88 2 F5;><. ;8=8G5A:85 8AA;54>20=8O MB>9 E0@0:B5@8AB8:8 A> 2A59 >G5284=>ABLN ?>4B25@640NB <KA;L $@><<0 > B><, GB> A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:89 G5;>25: 70G0ABCN =5 8<55B =8 <0;59H53> ?@54AB02;5=8O > B><, GB> >= ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 =0 A0<>< 45;5, G53> >= E>G5B, GB> >= 4C<05B, :0:>20 53> B>G:0 7@5=8O. "0:>3> @>40 8AA;54>20=8O 8 >B:@KB8O ?>72>;ONB <=5 ?>ABC;8@>20BL >4=C 87 A0<KE DC=40<5=B0;L=KE E0@0:B5@8AB8:, >B;8G0NICN A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 >B >1KG=KE, A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:8E 8=48284CC<>2. >B820F8>==0O 687=L A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 =5 B>;L:> 1>30G5, >=0 :0G5AB25==> >B;8G=0 >B <>B820F88 A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3> G5;>25:0. =5 :065BAO, GB> A0<>0:BC0;870F8O ?@54?>;0305B ?@8=F8?80;L=> 8=CN ?A8E>;>38N <>B820F88, <=5 :065BAO, GB>, 3>2>@O > <>B820F88 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>9 ;8G=>AB8, <K 4>;6=K 3>2>@8BL =5 AB>;L:> > ?>B@51=>ABOE 45D8F85=B=KE C@>2=59, A:>;L:> > <5B0<>B820E 8;8 > <>B820E @>AB0. 07=8F0 <564C =8<8 AB>;L 65 DC=40<5=B0;L=0, :0: @07=8F0 <564C 687=LN 8 ?>43>B>2:>9 : 687=8. >7<>6=>, GB> B@048F8>==0O :>=F5?F8O <>B820F88 ?@8<5=8<0 B>;L:> ?> >B=>H5=8N : =5A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K< ;N4O<. !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0, 2 >B;8G85 >B >1KG=>3>, C65 =5 15A?>:>OB ?@>1;5<K 2K6820=8O, >= ?@>AB> 6825B 8 @0728205BAO. A;8 ?>1C48B5;L=K5 <>B82K >1KG=>3> G5;>25:0 ;560B 2>2=5, 2 2>7<>6=>AB8 C4>2;5B2>@5=8O ?>B@51=>AB8, B> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25:, =0?@>B82, 42868< 2=CB@5==8<8 ?>B5=F8O<8, 87=0G0;L=> 70;>65==K<8 2 53> ?@8@>45, B@51CNI8<8 A2>59 @50;870F88 8 @0728B8O. >6=> A:070BL ?@>I5  A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: CAB@5<;5= : A>25@H5=AB2C, :> 2A5 1>;55 ?>;=><C @0728B8N A2>8E C=8:0;L=KE 2>7<>6=>AB59. 1KG=K9 65 G5;>25: CAB@5<;5= : C4>2;5B2>@5=8N B5E 87 A2>8E 107>2KE ?>B@51=>AB59, :>B>@K5 5I5 =5 ?>;CG8;8 4>;6=>3> C4>2;5B2>@5=8O. 5;L7O A:070BL, GB> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25:, C4>2;5B2>@82 2A5 A2>8 107>2K5 ?>B@51=>AB8, C65 =5?>42;0AB5= 8<?C;LA0< 8 ?>1C645=8O<: >= B>65 @01>B05B, B>65 AB0@05BAO, B>65 ?@8BO705B, E>BO 8 =5 2 B>< A<KA;5, :0:>9 <K >1KG=> 2:;04K205< 2 MB8 A;>20.  ?5@2CN >G5@54L >= 42868< ?>B@51=>ABLN 2 A0<>@0728B88, 2 A0<>2K@065=88 8 2 A0<>2>?;>I5=88, B. 5. ?>B@51=>ABLN 2 A0<>0:BC0;870F88. / 2A5 G0I5 7040N A515 >48= 2>?@>A. KBL <>65B, 8<5==> 2 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N4OE ?@545;L=> >BG5B;82> ?@>ABC?05B =0H0 8AB8==0O, G5;>25G5A:0O ?@8@>40, 1KBL <>65B, 8<5==> >=8 1;865 2A5E : ACI=>AB8 ?>=OB8O  G5;>25: , 1;865 4065 A B>G:8 7@5=8O B0:A>=><88? -B>B 2>?@>A =587156=> 2;5G5B 70 A>1>9 A;54CNI89: 2?@025 ;8 <K 45;0BL E>BL :0:85-B> 2K2>4K > 18>;>38G5A:>9 ?@8@>45 G5;>25:0, 5A;8 4> A8E ?>@ <K 87CG0;8 B>;L:> CI5@1=KE 8 =54>@0728BKE 8;8, GB> 5I5 EC65,  A5@KE , 2KH:>;5==KE, 2K4@5AA8@>20==KE ?@54AB028B5;59 =0H53> 2840? !;C65=85 K 2KO28;8 5I5 >4=C >A>15==>ABL 8AA;54>20==KE =0<8 ;N459. / 3>2>@N > ?@8ACI59 8< A>A@54>B>G5==>AB8 =0 ?@>1;5<0E 2=5H=53> ?>@O4:0. A;8 ?>?KB0BLAO =09B8 =0720=85 MB>9 >A>15==>AB8, B> O 1K ?@54;>68; =0720BL 55 A;C65=85< 2 ?@>B82>?>;>6=>ABL M3>F5=B@8G5A:8< B5=45=F8O<.  >B;8G85 >B =5C25@5==KE, B@52>6=KE ;N459 A 8E A:;>==>ABLN : ?>AB>O==><C A0<>0=0;87C 8 A0<>:>?0=8N, MB8E ;N459 <0;> 15A?>:>OB ;8G=K5 ?@>1;5<K, >=8 =5 A;8H:>< A:;>==K @07<KH;OBL > A515. >GB8 C :064>3> 87 =8E 5ABL ?@8720=85 8 45;>, :>B>@K< >=8 A;C60B, :>B>@K< >=8 ?>A2OI0NB A51O 157 >AB0B:0, ?>GB8 :064K9 87 =8E >701>G5= :0:>9-B> 206=>9 ?@>1;5<>9, @5H5=85 :>B>@>9 B@51C5B >B =53> 2A5E A8; 8 M=5@388. -B> =5 >1O70B5;L=> ;N18<>5 70=OB85, =5 >1O70B5;L=> 45;>, :>B>@>3> G5;>25: 65;0;, 8;8 70=OB8O, : :>B>@K< >= AB@5<8;AO, MB> <>65B 1KBL 45;>, :>B>@K< >= GC2AB2C5B A51O >1O70==K< 70=8<0BLAO. <5==> ?>MB><C O 3>2>@N > A;C65=88, > 687=5==>9 <8AA88, 0 =5 ?@>AB> >  ;N18<>< 45;5. -B8 ;N48, :0: ?@028;>, =5 >701>G5=K ?@>1;5<0<8 ;8G=>3>, M3>8AB8G5A:>3> E0@0:B5@0, >=8 2 1>;LH8=AB25 A2>5< 4C<0NB > 1;035 4@C38E ;N459  2A53> G5;>25G5AB20, A2>8E A>3@0640= 8;8 65 > 1;035 1;87:8E 8 4>@>38E 8< ;N459. 0 =51>;LH8< 8A:;NG5=85< ?@0:B8G5A:8 C 2A5E =0H8E 8A?KBC5<KE <K >B<5B8;8 >4=C E0@0:B5@=CN >A>15==>ABL. -B8 ;N48 A:;>==K : @07<KH;5=8O< >1 >A=>2>?>;030NI8E ?@>1;5<0E G5;>25G5A:>3> 1KB8O, >=8 7040NBAO B5<8 25G=K<8, DC=40<5=B0;L=K<8 2>?@>A0<8, :>B>@K5 <K =07K205< D8;>A>DA:8<8 8;8 =@02AB25==K<8. >6=> A:070BL, GB> >=8 682CB 2 3;>10;L=>9 A8AB5<5 :>>@48=0B.  G0AB=>< >=8 C<5NB 2845BL >1I55, 8 =8:0:85, 4065 A0<K5 O@:85 G0AB=K5 ?@>O2;5=8O =5 A:@>NB >B =8E >1I59 :0@B8=K.  >A=>25 8E A8AB5<K :>>@48=0B 8;8 A8AB5<K F5==>AB59 =8:>340 =5 ;568B <5AB5G:>2K9 ?0B@8>B87<, :0: ?@028;>, 2 =59 >B@065= >?KB 2A59 8AB>@88 G5;>25G5AB20, >=0 >B25G05B =5 A8N<8=CB=K< 70?@>A0<, =5 A>F80;L=><C 70:07C, 0 B@51>20=8O< M?>E8. 4=8< A;>2><, MB8 ;N48 2 :0:><-B> A<KA;5, =5A><=5==>, D8;>A>DK, E>BO 8E D8;>A>D8O =5 >1O70B5;L=> =0C:>>1@07=0, 8=>340 MB> B>, GB> <>6=> =0720BL 68B59A:>9 D8;>A>D859. 07C<55BAO, B0:0O CAB0=>2:0 A:07K205BAO ?@0:B8G5A:8 =0 2A5E 0A?5:B0E 8E 687=8. "0:, =0?@8<5@, >48= 87 3;02=KE A8<?B><>2, A :>B>@>3> <K =0G8=0;8 87CG5=85 F5;>AB=>3> A8=4@><0 A0<>0:BC0;870F88 8 :>B>@K9 1K; >1>7=0G5= =0<8 :0: H8@>B0 (8;8 =5-<5;>G=>ABL), =5A><=5==>, O2;O5BAO ?@>O2;5=85< MB>9 1>;55 >1I59 E0@0:B5@8AB8:8. !?>A>1=>ABL 2>7=5AB8AL =04 >1K45==>ABLN, C<5=85 >B@5H8BLAO >B G0AB=>AB59, @0AH8@8BL 3>@87>=BK 2>A?@8OB8O, ?>A<>B@5BL =0 25I8 2 ?5@A?5:B825, sub specie aeternitatis 8<55B >3@><=>5 A>F80;L=>5 7=0G5=85. >-2848<><C, 8<5==> MB>9 A?>A>1=>ABLN >1JOA=O5BAO C<8@>B2>@5==>ABL, A2>9AB25==0O A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K< ;N4O<, 8E C<5=85 A>E@0=OBL A?>:>9AB285, =5 B@52>68BLAO ?> ?CABO:0<  A2>9AB20, :>B>@K5 >1;53G0NB 687=L =5 B>;L:> 8< A0<8<, => 8 >:@C60NI8< 8E ;N4O<. BAB@0=5==>ABL; ?>B@51=>ABL 2 C548=5=88 1> 2A5E <>8E 8A?KBC5<KE <>6=> A:070BL, GB> >=8 C<5NB A?>:>9=> 8 1571>;57=5==> ?5@5=>A8BL >48=>G5AB2>. 0;> B>3>, O 3>B>2 ?>:;OABLAO, GB> >B ;N1OB >48=>G5AB2> 8;8, ?> :@09=59 <5@5, >B=>AOBAO : =5<C A 3>@074> 1>;LH59 A8<?0B859, G5< A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:89 G5;>25:. '0AB> 8<5==> 1;03>40@O B><C, GB> >48=>G5AB2> =5 AB@0H8B 8E, MB8< ;N4O< C405BAO A>E@0=8BL E;04=>:@>285 2 ?K;C 18B2K, >=8 =5 E20B0NBAO 70 >@C685, =5 ?>440NBAO AB@0ABO<, 8< GC64K E;>?>BK 8 701>BK >1K20B5;O. < =5 A>AB02;O5B B@C40 1KBL >BAB@0=5==K<8, A45@60==K<8, A?>:>9=K<8 8 157<OB56=K<8; =5C40G8 8 ?>@065=8O =5 2K7K20NB C =8E 5AB5AB25==>3> 4;O <5=55 74>@>2KE ;N459 2A?;5A:0 M<>F89. 065 2 A0<KE C=878B5;L=KE A8BC0F8OE 8 4065 2 >:@C65=88 A0<KE =54>AB>9=KE ;N459 >=8 C<5NB A>E@0=OBL 1;03>@>4AB2> 8 3>@4>ABL, 8 MB0 A?>A>1=>ABL, 25@>OB=55 2A53>, 1K;0 1K =52>7<>6=0, 5A;8 1 C =8E =5 1K;> A2>53> A>1AB25==>3> <=5=8O > A8BC0F88, 5A;8 1 >=8 2> 2A5< ?>;030;8AL =0 GC2AB20 8 <=5=8O 4@C38E ;N459.  =5:>B>@KE A8BC0F8OE MB0 >BAB@0=5==0O A45@60==>ABL <>65B ?5@5@0AB8 A51O 8 2>72KA8BLAO 4> AC@>2>9, E>;>4=>9 >BGC645==>AB8. 0AA<0B@8205<0O =0<8 A?>A>1=>ABL, ?>-2848<><C, ?@51K205B 2 B5A=>9 A2O78 A =5:>B>@K<8 4@C38<8 :0G5AB20<8, >1=0@C68205<K<8 C MB8E ;N459. > 2AO:>< A;CG05, ;N1>3> 87 <>8E 8A?KBC5<KE <>6=> A<5;> =0720BL >1J5:B82=K< (2> 2A5E A<KA;0E MB>3> A;>20) G5;>25:><, >A>15==> 2 A@02=5=88 A> A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:8< G5;>25:><. / C65 3>2>@8; > B><, GB> 4;O A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==KE ;N459 ?@>1;5<K 2=5H=53> ?>@O4:0 1>;55 7=0G8<K, G5< 8E A>1AB25==K5 ?5@56820=8O, 8 MB> CB25@645=85 A?@0254;82> ?> >B=>H5=8N : =8< 4065 2 B>< A;CG05, 5A;8 >=8 >:07K20NBAO 2 A8BC0F88, C3@>60NI59 8E 65;0=8O<, =045640<, <5GB0<. =8 >1;040NB C4828B5;L=>9, ?> <5@:0< A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3> G5;>25:0, A?>A>1=>ABLN : :>=F5=B@0F88, :>B>@0O, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, ?>@>6405B B0:85 M?8D5=><5=K, :0: >B@5H5==>ABL, C<5=85 701KBL > B@52>30E 8 2>;=5=88.  G0AB=>AB8, MB0 A?>A>1=>ABL ?@>O2;O5BAO 2 B><, GB> 4065 2 :@8B8G5A:8E A8BC0F8OE, :>340 =0 8E ?;5G8 A20;8205BAO <0AA0 ?@>1;5<, MB8 ;N48 =5 AB@040NB 15AA>==8F59 8;8 >BACBAB285< 0??5B8B0, A>E@0=ONB E>@>H55 =0AB@>5=85 8 A?>A>1=K : =>@<0;L=K< A5:AC0;L=K< >B=>H5=8O<. BAB@0=5==>ABL A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 <>65B AB0BL ?@8G8=>9 70B@C4=5=89 2 53> >1I5=88 A >1KG=K<8,  =>@<0;L=K<8 ;N4L<8, :>B>@K5 A:;>==K 8=B5@?@5B8@>20BL 53> >BAB@0=5==>ABL :0: E>;>4=>ABL, A=>187<, =54@C65;N185 8;8 4065 2@06451=>ABL. -B> ?>=OB=>, >A>15==> 5A;8 2A?><=8BL, GB> @0AE>655 ?@54AB02;5=85 > 4@C615 ?@54?>;0305B 2 =59 =5:CN 2708<>7028A8<>ABL, >B=>H5=8O, >15A?5G820NI85 G5;>25:C ?>445@6:C, A>GC2AB285, >4>1@5=85, CG0AB85, B5?;>. A;8 ?>=8<0BL 4@C61C 8<5==> B0:, B>, ?>60;C9, <>6=> A:070BL, GB> A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K9 G5;>25: =5 =C6405BAO 2 4@C7LOE.  =0H59 :C;LBC@5 70;>3>< 4@C61K O2;O5BAO ?>B@51=>ABL ?0@B=5@>2 4@C3 2 4@C35, 8 >G5284=>, GB> A@54=89 G5;>25: 2@O4 ;8 ?>65;05B 8<5BL 4@C3>< A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0  254L B>B =8:>340 =5 ?>;>68B =0 0;B0@L 4@C61K A2>N =57028A8<>ABL, =8:>340 =5 ?>65@B2C5B @048 4@C30 A2>59 02B>=><=>ABLN. K 4>;6=K ?>=8<0BL, GB> 02B>=><=>ABL  MB> =5 B>;L:> =57028A8<>ABL, => B0:65 A0<>>?@545;5=85, A0<>C?@02;5=85, A?>A>1=>ABL : ?@8=OB8N >B25BAB25==>AB8, <C65AB2> 8 A8;0, 0:B82=K9 ?>8A: @5H5=89, C<5=85 =5 1KBL ?5H:>9 2 GC6>9 83@5. > <5@5 87CG5=8O A2>8E 8A?KBC5<KE O 2A5 1>;55 C15640;AO 2 B><, GB> :064K9 87 =8E A0< D>@<8@C5B A2>8 <=5=8O 8 AC645=8O, A0< ?@8=8<05B @5H5=8O 8 A0< >B25G05B 70 =8E, A0< >?@545;O5B 8 ?@>:;04K205B A2>N 4>@>3C 2 687=8. -B> :0G5AB2> A;>6=> >1=0@C68BL, 53> =52>7<>6=> 4065 >?@545;8BL :0:8<-B> >4=8< B5@<8=><, => >=> 8<55B G@572KG09=> 206=>5, ?>GB8 @5H0NI55 7=0G5=85. 7CG0O MB8E ;N459, >1I0OAL A =8<8, O ?>=O;, GB> >G5=L <=>385 G5;>25G5A:85 :0G5AB20, :>B>@K5 O ?@5645 2>A?@8=8<0; :0: =>@<0;L=K5 8 5AB5AB25==K5, =0 A0<>< 45;5 O2;ONBAO ?@87=0:0<8 1>;57=8, A;01>AB8, CI5@1=>AB8. 0?@8<5@, ?@5645 O =5 2845; =8G53> ?@8A:>@1=>3> 2 B><, GB> <=>385 ;N48 D>@<8@CNB A2>8 AC645=8O =5 =0 >A=>25 A>1AB25==KE 2:CA>2, ?@54?>GB5=89, ?@8=F8?>2 8;8 C15645=89, 0 =0 >A=>25 B5E 2:CA>2, ?@54?>GB5=89, ?@8=F8?>2 8 C15645=89, :>B>@K5 =02O7K20NBAO 8< @5:;0<>9, @>48B5;O<8, B5;52845=85<, ?@>?030=4>9, 3075B0<8, =07>9;82K<8 :><<82>O65@0<8 8 B. ?. =>385 ;N48 CB@0B8;8 A?>A>1=>ABL : A0<>>?@545;5=8N, >=8 3>B>2K ?>72>;8BL 4@C38< <0=8?C;8@>20BL A>1>9, A>3;0A8;8AL 1KBL ?5H:0<8 2 GC6>9 83@5. 5C4828B5;L=>, GB> >=8 B0: G0AB> 8A?KBK20NB ?@8ABC?K 15A?><>I=>AB8, A;01>AB8, C?@02;O5<>AB8. >=OB=>, GB> 2 M:>=><8:5 8 ?>;8B8:5 ?>4>1=>5 1572>;85 =52>7<>6=>, GB> 2 MB8E AD5@0E >=> <>65B ?@825AB8 : :0B0AB@>D8G5A:8< @57C;LB0B0<. ';5=K 45<>:@0B8G5A:>3> >1I5AB20 4>;6=K >1;040BL A?>A>1=>ABLN : A0<>>?@545;5=8N, : A2>1>4=><C 2>;587JO2;5=8N, >=8 4>;6=K C<5BL 27OBL =0 A51O >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 ?@8=8<05<K5 8<8 @5H5=8O. 57C;LB0BK >1H8@=KE 8AA;54>20=89, ?@>2545==KE H5< 8 0:-;5;;0=4><, ?>72>;ONB =0< ?@54?>;>68BL, GB> B>;L:> =51>;LHCN G0ABL =0A5;5=8O <5@8:8, >B 5 4> 30 %, 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B :>=:@5B=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB2, <>6=> >B=5AB8 : @07@O4C A0<>>?@545;ONI8EAO ;N459. > 2 <>5< 8AA;54>20=88 2A5 100 % 8A?KBC5<KE >B=>A8;8AL : B0:>2K<.  =0:>=5F, O 4>;65= A45;0BL 70O2;5=85, :>B>@>5 2@O4 ;8 ?>=@028BAO B5>;>30<, D8;>A>D0< 8 CG5=K<. !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K5 ;N48 >1;040NB 1>;LH59  A2>1>4>9 2>;8 8 >=8 2 <5=LH59 AB5?5=8  45B5@<8=8@>20=K , G5< A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:89 G5;>25:. >=OB8O  A2>1>40 2>;8 8  45B5@<8=87< ?@8=OB> AG8B0BL D8;>A>DA:8<8 :0B53>@8O<8, >4=0:> O C15645=, GB> @0=> 8;8 ?>74=> <K 4048< 8< 8 >?5@0F8>=0;L=K5 >?@545;5=8O.  @0<:0E <>53> 8AA;54>20=8O >=8 ;8H5=K D8;>A>DA:>9 >A>1>AB8, O >B=>A8;AO : MB8< ?>=OB8O< 8 : D5=><5=0<, AB>OI8< 70 =8<8, :0: : M<?8@8G5A:8< @50;8O<. KA:06C 5I5 1>;55 :@0<>;L=>5 AC645=85  O ?>;030N, GB> MB> =5 B>;L:> :0G5AB25==K5, => 8 :>;8G5AB25==K5 :0B53>@88, 8E <>6=> =5 B>;L:> >1=0@C68BL  8E <>6=> 8 =C6=> 87<5@OBL. 2B>=><=>ABL, =57028A8<>ABL >B :C;LBC@K 8 A@54K, 2>;O 8 0:B82=>ABL >3>2>@8< > B0:>9 E0@0:B5@8AB8:5 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0, :>B>@0O 2> <=>3>< ?>E>60 =0 C65 ?5@5G8A;5==K5 =0<8. / 8<5N 2 284C A2>9AB25==CN MB8< ;N4O< >B=>A8B5;L=CN =57028A8<>ABL >B D878G5A:>9 8 A>F80;L=>9 A@54K. ;02=K<8 <>B820<8 A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 O2;ONBAO =5 ?>B@51=>AB8 45D8F85=B=KE C@>2=59, 0 <>B82K @>AB0, 8 ?>B><C MB8 ;N48 ?>GB8 =5 7028AOB >B 2=5H=8E >1AB>OB5;LAB2, >B 4@C38E ;N459 8 >B :C;LBC@K 2 F5;><. AB>G=8:8 C4>2;5B2>@5=8O ?>B@51=>AB8 2 @>AB5 8 @0728B88 =0E>4OBAO =5 2> 2=5H=59 A@545, 0 2=CB@8 G5;>25:0  2 53> ?>B5=F8OE 8 A:@KBKE @5AC@A0E. 0: 45@52> =C6405BAO 2 A>;=5G=>< A25B5, 2>45 8 ?8B0=88, B>G=> B0: 65 2AO:89 G5;>25: =C6405BAO 2 157>?0A=>AB8, ;N128 8 C2065=88, 8 ?>;CG8BL 8E >= <>65B B>;L:> 872=5. > 2 B>B <><5=B, :>340 >= ?>;CG05B 8E, :>340 2=5H=85 C4>2;5B2>@8B5;8 CB>;ONB 53> 2=CB@5==89 3>;>4, 2>B BCB-B> 8 2AB05B ?5@54 =8< 8AB8==0O ?@>1;5<0 G5;>25G5A:>3> 1KB8O, ?@>1;5<0 @>AB0 8 A0<>@0728B8O, B. 5. ?@>1;5<0 A0<>0:BC0;870F88. 57028A8<>ABL >B A@54K >7=0G05B 1>;55 2KA>:CN CAB>9G82>ABL ?5@54 ;8F>< =51;03>?@8OB=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB2, ?>B@OA5=89, C40@>2 AC4L1K, 45?@820F88, D@CAB@0F88 8 B><C ?>4>1=KE 25I59. >8 8A?KBC5<K5 C<C4@O;8AL A>E@0=OBL <C65AB2> 8 A0<>>1;040=85 4065 2 A0<KE BO65;KE A8BC0F8OE, 4065 2 B0:8E, :>B>@K5 >1KG=>3>, A@54=5AB0B8AB8G5A:>3> G5;>25:0 <>3;8 1K =0B>;:=CBL =0 <KA;L > A0<>C189AB25; MBC A?>A>1=>ABL O >?@545;8; :0: A?>A>1=>ABL : A0<>2>AAB0=>2;5=8N. N48, =5 4>AB83H85 C@>2=O A0<>0:BC0;870F88, 42868<K5 ?>B@51=>ABO<8 45D8F85=B=KE C@>2=59, =C640NBAO 2 4@C38E ;N4OE, ?>A:>;L:C B>;L:> >B 4@C38E ;N459 >=8 <>3CB ?>;CG8BL AB>;L =5>1E>48<K5 8< ;N1>2L, 157>?0A=>ABL 8 C2065=85. !>2A5< 4@C3>5 45;>  A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K5 8=48284CC<K. ;O B>3> GB>1K 8A?KB0BL 8AB8==>5 AG0ABL5, 8< =5 =C6=K 4@C385 ;N48; =0?@>B82, 4@C385 <>3CB 4065 <5H0BL 8<, <>3CB AB0BL ?@5?OBAB285< =0 ?CB8 @0728B8O. AB>G=8:8 C4>2;5B2>@5=8O A0<>0:BC0;878@>20==>3> G5;>25:0 8=B@08=48284C0;L=K 8 =8:0: =5 >?>A@54>20=K A>F8C<><. -B8 ;N48 4>AB0B>G=> A8;L=K, GB>1K =5 7028A5BL >B <=5=8O 4@C38E ;N459; >=8 =5 8ICB >4>1@5=8O, ?>E20;K, =5 8ICB 4065 ;N128. @87=0=85, ?>?C;O@=>ABL, A;020, ?>G5AB8, ;N1>2L  =5ACI5AB25==K 4;O =8E; 2A5 MB8 25I8 =5 84CB =8 2 :0:>5 A@02=5=85 A 3;>6CI59 8E ?>B@51=>ABLN 2 A0<>@0728B88, A =5CB>;8<K< AB@5<;5=85< : 2=CB@5==5<C @>ABC. 4=0:>, =5A<>B@O =0 2A5 2KH5A:070==>5, <K =8 =0 A5:C=4C =5 4>;6=K 701K20BL > B><, GB> A0<0O 25@=0O, E>BO 8 =5 548=AB25==0O, 4>@>30, 254CI0O : B0:>3> @>40 02B>=><=>AB8, : A2>1>45 >B ;N128 8 C2065=8O,  MB> ?>;=>5 C4>2;5B2>@5=85 ?>B@51=>AB59 2 ;N128 8 C2065=88. !25689 273;O4 =0 25I8 !0<>0:BC0;878@>20==K5 ;N48 >1;040NB C4828B5;L=>9 A?>A>1=>ABLN @04>20BLAO 687=8. E 2>A?@8OB85 A256> 8 =082=>. =8 =5 CAB0NB C482;OBLAO, ?>@060BLAO, 8A?KBK20BL 2>AB>@3 8 B@5?5B ?5@54 <=>3>G8A;5==K<8 8 @07=>>1@07=K<8 ?@>O2;5=8O<8 687=8, : :>B>@K< >1KG=K9 G5;>25: 402=> ?@82K:, :>B>@KE >= 4065 =5 70<5G05B. >;8= #8;A>= =0720; MBC A?>A>1=>ABL GC2AB2>< =>287=K. ;O B0:>3> G5;>25:0 70:0B A>;=F0, ?CABL 4065 >= 2848B 53> 2 A>BK9 @07, 1C45B B0: 65 ?@5:@0A5=, :0: 8 2 B>B 45=L, :>340 >= C2845; 53> 2?5@2K5; ;N1>9 F25B>:, ;N1>9 @515=>: <>65B 70E20B8BL 53> 2=8<0=85, <>65B ?@54AB0BL ?5@54 =8< :0: GC4> ?@8@>4K, ?CABL 4065 >= ?5@52840; =0 A2>5< 25:C BKAOGC F25B>2 8 A>B=8 45B59. ICI5=85 25;8:>3> AG0ABLO, >3@><=>9 C40G8, 1;03>2>;5=8O AC4L1K =5 ?>:8405B 53> 4065 A?CABO B@84F0BL ;5B ?>A;5 A204L1K; 53> H5AB845AOB8;5B=OO 65=0 :065BAO 5<C B0:>9 65 :@0A82>9, :0: 8 A>@>: ;5B =0704. 065 ?>2A54=52=>ABL AB0=>28BAO 4;O =53> 8AB>G=8:>< @04>AB8 8 2>71C645=8O, ;N1>5 <3=>25=85 687=8 <>65B ?>40@8BL 5<C 2>AB>@3. 07C<55BAO, MB> =5 >7=0G05B, GB> >=8 ?>AB>O==> ?@51K20NB 2 M:AB0B8G5A:>< A>AB>O=88 8;8 ?@8;030NB >A>7=0==K5 CA8;8O, GB>1K 4>18BLAO MB>3>; AB>;L 8=B5=A82=K5 GC2AB20 >=8 8A?KBK20NB ;8HL 2@5<O >B 2@5<5=8, 8 MB8 GC2AB20 =0AB830NB 8E 2=570?=>. '5;>25: <>65B 45AOB>: @07 ?5@5?@028BLAO G5@57 @5:C, 0 2 >48==04F0BK9 @07 : =5<C 24@C3 2>72@0I05BAO B> GC2AB2> B@5?5B=>3> 2>AB>@30, :>B>@>5 >= 8A?KB0;, 2?5@2K5 C28452 682>?8A=K9 ;0=4H0DB, >B:@K2H89AO 5<C A ?0@><0. N48, :>B>@KE O >1A;54>20;, C<5NB F5=8BL ?@5:@0A=>5, E>BO ?@5:@0A=>5 :064K9 87 =8E ?>=8<05B ?>-A2>5<C. ;O >4=8E 8AB>G=8:>< :@0A>BK AB0=>28BAO ?@8@>40, 4@C385 >1>60NB 45B59, B@5BL8 ?>;CG0NB =0A;0645=85 >B <C7K:8; => 2A5E 8E >1J548=O5B >4=>  >=8 G5@?0NB 24>E=>25=85, 2>AB>@3 8 A8;C 2 107>2KE, >A=>2>?>;030NI8E F5==>ABOE 687=8. "0:, =0?@8<5@, =8:B> 87 =8E =5 8A?>254>20;AO <=5 2 B><, GB> 8A?KB0; 2>AB>@3 >B ?>A5I5=8O =>G=>3> :;C10 8;8 25G5@8=:8, =8:B> =5 =0720; 2 :0G5AB25 8AB>G=8:0 24>E=>25=8O 45=L38.  5I5 >4=> 2?5G0B;5=85, :>B>@>5 O 2K=5A 87 >1I5=8O A MB8<8 ;N4L<8. ;O =5:>B>@KE <>8E 8A?KBC5<KE A5:A 8 2A5 A2O70==K5 A =8< ?;>BA:85 C4>2>;LAB28O  =5 B>;L:> 8AB>G=8: GC2AB25==>3> C4>2;5B2>@5=8O, => 8 8AB>G=8: 2>72KH5==KE, >1=>2;ONI8E 8 2>>4CH52;ONI8E ?5@56820=89, ?>4>1=KE B5<, GB> 40@OB 8< <C7K:0 8 ?@8@>40. >4@>1=55 O >AB0=>2;NAL =0 MB>< D5=><5=5 2 A;54CNI5< @0745;5. G5=L <>65B 1KBL, GB> ?@8G8=>9 4;O B0:>9 =0AKI5==>AB8 AC1J5:B82=>3> >?KB0, 4;O B0:>9 ?@>=78B5;L=>AB8 2>A?@8OB8O O2;O5BAO >A>10O MDD5:B82=>ABL 8E 2>A?@8OB8O, C<5=8O 2>A?@8=8<0BL @50;L=>ABL 2 55 :>=:@5B=KE ?@>O2;5=8OE, 2>A?@8OB85 @50;L=>AB8 perse. >6=>, ?>60;C9, A:070BL, GB> 8<5==> A:;>==>ABL : @C1@8D8:0F88 70<K;8205B =0< 3;070; 5A;8 O2;5=85, G5;>25: 8;8 A8BC0F8O =5 8=B5@5A=K =0<, =5 A>45@60B 2 A515 ?@O<>9 2K3>4K 8;8 C3@>7K, <K >B<0E8205<AO >B =8E, B>@>?8<AO =0:;58BL :0:>9-=81C4L O@;K: 8 701@>A8BL 2 40;L=89 C3>; ?@82KG=>9 :0B53>@870F88. / 2A5 1>;55 8 1>;55 C:@5?;ONAL 2> <=5=88, GB> =5A?>A>1=>ABL @04>20BLAO 687=8  >48= 87 3;02=KE 8AB>G=8:>2 7;0, G5;>25G5A:8E B@035489 8 AB@040=89. K A ;53:>ABLN ?@82K:05< : E>@>H5<C, <K 2>A?@8=8<05< 53> :0: A0<> A>1>9 @07C<5NI55AO 8 ?>B><C =54>>F5=8205<; :0: G0AB> <K >B:07K205<AO >B @04>AB59 687=8, 157 A>60;5=8O 8 @0A:0O=8O <5=OO 8E =0 G5G528G=CN ?>E;51:C. 0: MB> =8 ?@8A:>@1=>, => <K =5 15@565< A2>8E @>4=KE, 4@C759, 45B59 8 @0A:08205<AO 2 MB>< B>;L:> B>340, :>340 B5@O5< 8E.  254L B> 65 A0<>5 <>6=> A:070BL 8 > =0H5< >B=>H5=88 : A2>5<C 74>@>2LN, >1 >B=>H5=88 : ?>;8B8G5A:8< ?@020< 8 <0B5@80;L=><C 1;03>?>;CG8N  B>;L:> ;8H82H8AL 8E, <K =0G8=05< ?>=8<0BL 8E 8AB8==CN F5==>ABL. 8:B>@ $@0=:; '  !% !+! # :064>3> 2@5<5=8 A2>8 =52@>7K  8 :064><C 2@5<5=8 B@51C5BAO A2>O ?A8E>B5@0?8O. !53>4=O <K, ?> ACB8, 8<55< 45;> C65 A D@CAB@0F859 =5 A5:AC0;L=KE ?>B@51=>AB59, :0: 2> 2@5<5=0 $@5940, 0 A D@CAB@0F859 ?>B@51=>AB59 M:78AB5=F80;L=KE. !53>4=OH=89 ?0F85=B C65 =5 AB>;L:> AB@0405B >B GC2AB20 =5?>;=>F5==>AB8, :0: 2> 2@5<5=0 4;5@0, A:>;L:> >B 3;C18==>3> GC2AB20 CB@0BK A<KA;0, :>B>@>5 A>548=5=> A >ICI5=85< ?CAB>BK,  ?>MB><C O 8 3>2>@N >1 M:78AB5=F80;L=>< 20:CC<5. <...> >340 <5=O A?@0H820NB, :0: O >1JOA=ON A515 ?@8G8=K, ?>@>640NI85 MB>B M:78AB5=F80;L=K9 20:CC<, O >1KG=> 8A?>;L7CN A;54CNICN :@0B:CN D>@<C;C: 2 >B;8G85 >B 682>B=KE 8=AB8=:BK =5 48:BCNB G5;>25:C, GB> 5<C =C6=>, 8 2 >B;8G85 >B G5;>25:0 2G5@0H=53> 4=O B@048F88 =5 48:BCNB A53>4=OH=5<C G5;>25:C, GB> 5<C 4>;6=>. 5 7=0O =8 B>3>, GB> 5<C =C6=>, =8 B>3>, GB> >= 4>;65=, G5;>25:, ?>E>65, CB@0B8; OA=>5 ?@54AB02;5=85 > B><, G53> 65 >= E>G5B.  8B>35 >= ;81> E>G5B B>3> 65, G53> 8 4@C385 (:>=D>@<87<), ;81> 45;05B B>, GB> 4@C385 E>BOB >B =53> (B>B0;8B0@87<). 0 MB8<8 42C<O A;54AB28O<8 206=> =5 ?@>?CAB8BL 8 =5 701KBL B@5BL5, 0 8<5==>: ?>O2;5=85 A?5F8D8G5A:8E =52@>B8G5A:8E 701>;520=89, :>B>@K5 O >1>7=0G8; :0:  =>>35==K5 =52@>7K .  >B;8G85 >B =52@>7>2 2 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, O2;ONI8EAO, ?> >?@545;5=8N, ?A8E>35==K<8 701>;520=8O<8, =>>35==K5 =52@>7K ?@>8AB5:0NB =5 87 :><?;5:A>2 8 :>=D;8:B>2 2 B@048F8>==>< A<KA;5 A;>20, 0 87 C3@K75=89 A>25AB8, 87 F5==>AB=KE :>=D;8:B>2 8  =5 2 ?>A;54=NN >G5@54L  87 M:78AB5=F80;L=>9 D@CAB@0F88, ?@>O2;5=85< 8 2>?;>I5=85< :>B>@>9 <>65B 2 B>< 8;8 8=>< A;CG05 2KABC?0BL =52@>B8G5A:0O A8<?B><0B8:0. 659<AC !. @0<1>, @C:>2>48B5;N ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 ;01>@0B>@88 2 8AA8A8?8, <K >1O70=K @07@01>B:>9 B5AB0 (PIL  Purpose in Life-Test), ?>72>;ONI53> >B;8G8BL =>>35==K5 =52@>7K >B ?A8E>35==KE 2 F5;OE 48DD5@5=F80;L=>9 4803=>AB8:8. >A;5 B>3> :0: >= >1@01>B0; ?>;CG5==K5 40==K5 A ?><>ILN :><?LNB5@0, >= ?@8H5; : 2K2>4C, GB> ?@8 =>>35==KE =52@>70E 8<55B <5AB> 459AB28B5;L=> 8=0O :0@B8=0 1>;57=8, :>B>@0O =5 B>;L:> 2 4803=>AB8G5A:><, => 8 2 B5@0?52B8G5A:>< 0A?5:B5 =5 2<5I05BAO 2 3@0=8FK :><?5B5=F88 B@048F8>==>9 ?A8E80B@88. 'B> :0A05BAO G0AB>BK 2AB@5G05<>AB8 =>>35==KE =52@>7>2, B> =0 MB>B AG5B 8<5NBAO 40==K5 AB0B8AB8G5A:8E 8AA;54>20=89 810CM@ 8 N:0A 2 5=5, $@M=:0 . 0:;8 2 #>@G5AB5@5 (0AA0GCA5BA, !(), 5@=5@0 2 >=4>=5, 0=35=0 8 >;LE0@40 2 "N15=35=5, @8;;0 2 N@F1C@35, >?5;LA:>3> 2 >;LH5 8 8=K ">;; 2 84;B0C=5 (>==5:B8:CB, !(). 0==K5 B5AB8@>20=89 A>3;0A>20==> ?>:07K20NB, GB> ?@8<5@=> 20% =52@>7>2 >B=>AOBAO : =>>35==K<. <...> 0: 8725AB=>, 0A;>C 225; @07;8G5=85 =87H8E 8 2KAH8E ?>B@51=>AB59, 8<5O 2 284C ?@8 MB><, GB> C4>2;5B2>@5=85 =87H8E ?>B@51=>AB59 O2;O5BAO =5>1E>48<K< CA;>28O< 4;O B>3>, GB>1K 1K;8 C4>2;5B2>@5=K 8 2KAH85.  2KAH8< ?>B@51=>ABO< >= ?@8G8A;O5B 8 AB@5<;5=85 : A<KA;C, =07K20O 53> 4065 ?@8 MB><  ?5@28G=K< G5;>25G5A:8< ?>1C645=85< . -B> A25;>AL, >4=0:>, : B><C, GB> G5;>25: =0G8=05B 8=B5@5A>20BLAO A<KA;>< 687=8 ;8HL B>340, :>340 687=L C =53> CAB@>5=0 ( A=0G0;0 ?8I0, ?>B>< <>@0;L ). -B><C, >4=0:>, ?@>B82>@5G8B B>, GB> <K  8 =5 2 ?>A;54=NN >G5@54L <K, ?A8E80B@K,  8<55< 2>7<>6=>ABL ?>AB>O==> =01;N40BL 2 687=8: ?>B@51=>ABL 8 2>?@>A > A<KA;5 687=8 2>7=8:05B 8<5==> B>340, :>340 G5;>25:C 6825BAO EC65 =5:C40. !2845B5;LAB2>< B><C O2;ONBAO C<8@0NI85 ;N48 87 G8A;0 =0H8E ?0F85=B>2, 0 B0:65 CF5;52H85 1K2H85 C7=8:8 :>=F;035@59 8 ;035@59 4;O 2>5==>?;5==KE. <5AB5 A B5<, @07C<55BAO, =5 B>;L:> D@CAB@0F8O =87H8E ?>B@51=>AB59 ?>@>6405B 2>?@>A > A<KA;5, => 8 C4>2;5B2>@5=85 =87H8E ?>B@51=>AB59, 2 G0AB=>AB8 2  >1I5AB25 87>18;8O . K =5 >H815<AO, ?>60;C9, 5A;8 CA<>B@8< 2 MB>< :06CI5<AO ?@>B82>@5G88 ?>4B25@645=85 =0H59 38?>B57K, A>3;0A=> :>B>@>9 AB@5<;5=85 : A<KA;C ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 <>B82 sui generis, :>B>@K9 =5A2>48< : 4@C38< ?>B@51=>ABO< 8 =52K2>48< 87 =8E (:0: MB> C65 C40;>AL M<?8@8G5A:8 ?>:070BL @0<1> 8 0E>;8:C, 0 B0:65 @0B>E28;C 8 ;0=>2>9). K 2AB@5G05<AO 745AL A D5=><5=><, :>B>@K9 O AG8B0N DC=40<5=B0;L=K< 4;O ?>=8<0=8O G5;>25:0: A A0<>B@0=AF5=45=F859 G5;>25G5A:>3> ACI5AB2>20=8O! 0 MB8< ?>=OB85< AB>8B B>B D0:B, GB> G5;>25G5A:>5 1KB85 2A5340 >@85=B8@>20=> 2>2=5 =0 =5GB>, GB> =5 O2;O5BAO 8< A0<8<, =0 GB>-B> 8;8 =0 :>3>-B>: =0 A<KA;, :>B>@K9 =5>1E>48<> >ACI5AB28BL, 8;8 =0 4@C3>3> G5;>25:0, : :>B>@><C <K BO=5<AO A ;N1>2LN.  A;C65=88 45;C 8;8 ;N128 : 4@C3><C G5;>25: >ACI5AB2;O5B A0< A51O. '5< 1>;LH5 >= >B405B A51O 45;C, G5< 1>;LH5 >= >B405B A51O A2>5<C ?0@B=5@C, B5< 2 1>;LH59 AB5?5=8 >= O2;O5BAO G5;>25:>< 8 B5< 2 1>;LH59 AB5?5=8 >= AB0=>28BAO A0<8< A>1>9. "0:8< >1@07><, >=, ?> ACB8, <>65B @50;87>20BL A51O ;8HL 2 B>9 <5@5, 2 :0:>9 >= 701K205B ?@> A51O, =5 >1@0I05B =0 A51O 2=8<0=8O. 45AL =5>1E>48<> C?><O=CBL >48= 87 90 D0:B>2, ?>;CG5==KE 2 M<?8@8G5A:>< 8AA;54>20=88 3>A?>68 N:0A, 0 8<5==>: >:070;>AL, GB> A@548 ?>A5B8B5;59 @0B5@0  7=0<5=8B>3> 25=A:>3> ?0@:0 >B4KE0 8 @072;5G5=89  >1J5:B82=> 87<5@5==K9 C@>25=L M:78AB5=F80;L=>9 D@CAB@0F88 1K; ACI5AB25==> 2KH5, G5< A@54=89 C@>25=L C =0A5;5=8O 5=K (:>B>@K9 ?@0:B8G5A:8 =5 >B;8G05BAO >B 0=0;>38G=KE @57C;LB0B>2, ?>;CG5==KE 8 >?C1;8:>20==KE 0<5@8:0=A:8<8 8 O?>=A:8<8 02B>@0<8). @C38<8 A;>20<8, C G5;>25:0, :>B>@K9 >A>15==> 4>18205BAO =0A;0645=89 8 @072;5G5=89, >:07K205BAO 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5 D@CAB@8@>20=> 53> AB@5<;5=85 : A<KA;C 8;8, 3>2>@O A;>20<8 0A;>C, 53>  ?5@28G=K5 70?@>AK. <...> 5@=5<AO B5?5@L : M:78AB5=F80;L=><C 20:CC<C, : GC2AB2C >BACBAB28O A<KA;0. $@594 ?8A0; 2 >4=>< 87 A2>8E ?8A5<:  >340 G5;>25: 70405B 2>?@>A > A<KA;5 8 F5==>AB8 687=8, >= =574>@>2, ?>A:>;L:C =8 B>3>, =8 4@C3>3> >1J5:B82=> =5 ACI5AB2C5B; @CG0BLAO <>6=> ;8HL 70 B>, GB> C G5;>25:0 5ABL 70?0A =5C4>2;5B2>@5==>3> ;8184> . / AG8B0N A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:8< ?@>O2;5=85< =5 B>;L:> AB028BL 2>?@>A > A<KA;5 687=8, => 8 AB028BL ?>4 2>?@>A ACI5AB2>20=85 MB>3> A<KA;0.  G0AB=>AB8, ?@828;53859 <>;>4KE ;N459 O2;O5BAO 45<>=AB@0F8O A2>59 27@>A;>AB8 ?@5645 2A53> B5<, GB> >=8 AB02OB ?>4 A><=5=85 A<KA; 687=8, 8 MB>9 ?@828;53859 >=8 1>;55 G5< 0:B82=> ?>;L7CNBAO. -9=HB59= :0:-B> 70<5B8;, GB> B>B, :B> >ICI05B A2>N 687=L ;8H5==>9 A<KA;0, =5 B>;L:> =5AG0AB;82, => 8 2@O4 ;8 687=5A?>A>15=. 59AB28B5;L=>, AB@5<;5=85 : A<KA;C >1;0405B B5<, GB> 2 0<5@8:0=A:>9 ?A8E>;>388 ?>;CG8;> =0720=85  F5==>ABL 4;O 2K6820=8O . 5 ?>A;54=89 87 C@>:>2, :>B>@K5 <=5 C40;>AL 2K=5AB8 87 A25=F8<0 8 0E0C, A>AB>O; 2 B><, GB> =081>;LH85 H0=AK 2K68BL 4065 2 B0:>9 M:AB@5<0;L=>9 A8BC0F88 8<5;8, O 1K A:070;, B5, :B> 1K; =0?@02;5= 2 1C4CI55, =0 45;>, :>B>@>5 8E 640;>, =0 A<KA;, :>B>@K9 >=8 E>B5;8 @50;87>20BL. >74=55 0<5@8:0=A:85 ?A8E80B@K ?>;CG8;8 MB><C ?>4B25@645=85 =0 <0B5@80;5 2>5==>?;5==KE, =0E>482H8EAO 2 O?>=A:8E, A525@>:>@59A:8E 8 A525@>2L5B=0<A:8E ;035@OE. 5 4>;6=> ;8 B>, GB> O2;O5BAO 25@=K< ?> >B=>H5=8N : >B45;L=K< ;N4O<, 1KBL 25@=> 8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : G5;>25G5AB2C 2 F5;><?  =5 4>;6=K ;8 <K 2 @0<:0E B0: =07K205<KE 8AA;54>20=89 ?@>1;5< <8@0 C45;8BL 2=8<0=85 2>?@>AC: =5 70:;NG05BAO ;8 548=AB25==K9 H0=A G5;>25G5AB20 =0 2K6820=85 2 >1I59 4;O 2A5E 7040G5, 2 >4=>< >1I5< AB@5<;5=88 : >4=><C >1I5<C A<KA;C? A?><=8<, A G53> <K =0G0;8. # :064>3> 2@5<5=8 A2>8 =52@>7K  8 :064><C 2@5<5=8 B@51C5BAO A2>O ?A8E>B5@0?8O. "5?5@L =0< 8725AB=> 1>;LH5: ;8HL @53C<0=878@>20==0O ?A8E>B5@0?8O A?>A>1=0 ?>=OBL ?@8<5BK 2@5<5=8  8 >B25B8BL =0 70?@>AK 2@5<5=8. 8HL @53C<0=878@>20==0O ?A8E>B5@0?8O <>65B A?@028BLAO A 45?5@A>=0;878@CNI8<8 8 453C<0=878@CNI8<8 B5=45=F8O<8, ?>2A5<5AB=> 15@CI8<8 A<KA;. "0: <>65< ;8 <K 40BL A53>4=OH=5<C M:78AB5=F80;L=> D@CAB@8@>20==><C G5;>25:C A<KA;? 54L <K 4>;6=K @04>20BLAO C65, 5A;8 53> C A53>4=OH=53> G5;>25:0 =5 >B=8<0NB, 2=54@OO 2 53> A>7=0=85 @54C:F8>=8ABA:85 AE5<K. >AB868< ;8 A<KA;? >7<>6=> ;8 2=>2L >6828BL CB5@O==K5 B@048F88 8;8 4065 CB@0G5==K5 8=AB8=:BK? ;8 65 1K; ?@02 >20;8A, 70<5B82H89 >4=064K, GB> 2>72@0B0 : =082=>AB8 C65 =5B, GB> ;5AB=8F0, ?> :>B>@>9 <K ?>4=8<0;8AL, C?0;0? >?KB:0 40BL G5;>25:C A<KA; A25;0AL 1K : <>@0;878@>20=8N.  <>@0;L 2 AB0@>< A<KA;5 A;>20 C65 4>68205B A2>9 25:. '5@57 :0:>5-B> 2@5<O <K C65 =5 1C45< <>@0;878@>20BL, <K >=B>;>3878@C5< <>@0;L. >1@> 8 7;> 1C4CB >?@545;OBLAO =5 :0: =5GB>, GB> <K 4>;6=K 45;0BL 8;8 A>>B25BAB25==> 45;0BL =5;L7O; 4>1@>< 1C45B ?@54AB02;OBLAO B>, GB> A?>A>1AB2C5B >ACI5AB2;5=8N G5;>25:>< 2>7;>65==>3> =0 =53> 8 B@51C5<>3> >B =53> A<KA;0, 0 7;>< <K 1C45< AG8B0BL B>, GB> ?@5?OBAB2C5B MB><C >ACI5AB2;5=8N. !<KA; =5;L7O 40BL, 53> =C6=> =09B8. @>F5AA =0E>645=8O A<KA;0 ?>4>15= 2>A?@8OB8N 35HB0;LB0. #65 >A=>20B5;8 35HB0;LB?A8E>;>388 528= 8 5@B359<5@ 3>2>@8;8 > ?>1C48B5;L=>< E0@0:B5@5, ?@8ACI5< :064>9 >B45;L=>9 A8BC0F88, 2 :>B>@>9 <K AB0;:8205<AO A 459AB28B5;L=>ABLN. 5@B359<5@ 70H5; 4065 B0: 40;5:>, GB> ?@8?8A0; A>45@60I5<CAO 2 :064>9 A8BC0F88 B@51>20=8N >1J5:B82=K9 E0@0:B5@. 4>@=>, 2?@>G5<, B0:65 OA=> 3>2>@8B:  >=OB85 A<KA;0 2:;NG05B 2 A51O >1J5:B82=>ABL, =5A2>48<CN : 45OB5;L=>AB8 . B;8G05B =0E>645=85 A<KA;0 >B 2>A?@8OB8O 35HB0;LB0, =0 <>9 273;O4, A;54CNI55: 2 >B;8G85 >B 2>A?@8OB8O ?@>AB> D83C@K, :>B>@0O 1@>A05BAO =0< 2 3;070 =0  D>=5 , ?@8 2>A?@8OB88 A<KA;0 @5GL 845B >1 >1=0@C65=88 2>7<>6=>AB8 =0 D>=5 459AB28B5;L=>AB8.  MB0 2>7<>6=>ABL 2A5340 548=AB25==0. =0 ?@5E>4OI0. 4=0:> ;8HL 2>7<>6=>ABL O2;O5BAO ?@5E>4OI59. A;8 >=0 C65 >ACI5AB2;5=0, 5A;8 A<KA; @50;87>20=, B> MB> C65 @07 8 =02A5340. !<KA; 4>;65= 1KBL =0945=, => =5 <>65B 1KBL A>740=. !>740BL <>6=> ;81> AC1J5:B82=K9 A<KA;, ?@>AB>5 >ICI5=85 A<KA;0, ;81> 15AA<KA;8FC. "5< A0<K< ?>=OB=> 8 B>, GB> G5;>25:, :>B>@K9 C65 =5 2 A>AB>O=88 =09B8 2 A2>59 687=8 A<KA;, @02=> :0: 8 2K4C<0BL 53>, C1530O >B GC2AB20 CB@0BK A<KA;0, A>7405B ;81> 15AA<KA;8FC, ;81> AC1J5:B82=K9 A<KA;. A;8 ?5@2>5 ?@>8AE>48B =0 AF5=5 (B50B@ 01AC@40!), B> ?>A;54=55  2 E<5;L=KE 3@570E, 2 >A>15==>AB8 2K720==KE A ?><>ILN !.  MB>< A;CG05, >4=0:>, MB> A>?@O65=> A @8A:>< ?@>9B8 2 687=8 <8<> 8AB8==>3> A<KA;0, 8AB8==>3> 45;0 2> 2=5H=5< <8@5 (2 ?@>B82>?>;>6=>ABL AC3C1> AC1J5:B82=><C >ICI5=8N A<KA;0 2 A515 A0<><). -B> =0?><8=05B <=5 ?>4>?KB=KE 682>B=KE, :>B>@K< :0;8D>@=89A:85 8AA;54>20B5;8 2682;O;8 M;5:B@>4K 2 38?>B0;0<CA. >340 M;5:B@8G5A:0O F5?L 70<K:0;0AL, 682>B=K5 8A?KBK20;8 C4>2;5B2>@5=85 ;81> ?>;>2>3> 2;5G5=8O, ;81> ?8I52>9 ?>B@51=>AB8.  :>=F5 :>=F>2 >=8 =0CG8;8AL A0<8 70<K:0BL F5?L 8 83=>@8@>20;8 B5?5@L @50;L=>3> ?>;>2>3> ?0@B=5@0 8 @50;L=CN ?8IC, :>B>@0O 8< ?@54;030;0AL. !<KA; =5 B>;L:> 4>;65=, => 8 <>65B 1KBL =0945=, 8 2 ?>8A:0E A<KA;0 G5;>25:0 =0?@02;O5B 53> A>25ABL. 4=8< A;>2><, A>25ABL  MB> >@30= A<KA;0. 5 <>6=> >?@545;8BL :0: A?>A>1=>ABL >1=0@C68BL B>B 548=AB25==K9 8 C=8:0;L=K9 A<KA;, :>B>@K9 :@>5BAO 2 ;N1>9 A8BC0F88. !>25ABL ?@8=04;568B : G8A;C A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:8E ?@>O2;5=89, 8 4065 1>;55 G5< A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:8E, 81> >=0 O2;O5BAO =5>BJ5<;5<>9 A>AB02=>9 G0ABLN CA;>289 G5;>25G5A:>3> ACI5AB2>20=8O, 8 @01>B0 55 ?>4G8=5=0 >A=>2=>9 >B;8G8B5;L=>9 E0@0:B5@8AB8:5 G5;>25G5A:>3> ACI5AB2>20=8O  53> :>=5G=>AB8. !>25ABL, >4=0:>, <>65B 8 457>@85=B8@>20BL G5;>25:0. >;55 B>3>, 4> ?>A;54=53> <3=>25=8O, 4> ?>A;54=53> 274>E0 G5;>25: =5 7=05B, 459AB28B5;L=> ;8 >= >ACI5AB28; A<KA; A2>59 687=8 8;8 ;8HL 25@8B 2 B>, GB> MB>B A<KA; >ACI5AB2;5=. >A;5 5B5@0 CAB0 2 =0H5< A>7=0=88 A;8;8AL  =58725AB=>ABL 8 @8A: . CABL 4065 A>25ABL 45@68B G5;>25:0 2 =58725AB=>AB8 >B=>A8B5;L=> B>3>, ?>AB83;8 >= A<KA; A2>59 687=8, B0:0O  =58725AB=>ABL =5 >A2>1>6405B 53> >B  @8A:0 ?>28=>20BLAO A2>59 A>25AB8 8;8 ?> :@09=59 <5@5 ?@8A;CH820BLAO : 55 3>;>AC. ! C?><O=CB>9  =58725AB=>ABLN A2O70=, >4=0:>, =5 B>;L:> MB>B  @8A: , => 8 A<8@5=85. ">, GB> <K 4065 =0 =0H5< A<5@B=>< >4@5 =5 C7=05<, =5 25;0 ;8 =0A =0H0 A>25ABL  >@30= A<KA;0  ?> ;>6=><C ?CB8, >7=0G05B B0:65 8 B>, GB> >4=><C G5;>25:C =5 40=> 7=0BL, 1K; ;8 ?@02 4@C3>9, ?>ABC?0O ?> A2>59 A>25AB8. AB8=0 <>65B 1KBL ;8HL >4=0, >4=0:> =8:B> =5 <>65B ?>E20AB0BLAO 7=0=85<, GB> MB>9 8AB8=>9 >1;0405B 8<5==> >= 8 =8:B> 4@C3>9. !<8@5=85 >7=0G05B B0:65 B5@?8<>ABL, >4=0:> B5@?8<>ABL =5 B>645AB25==0 157@07;8G8N; 254L GB>1K C2060BL 8=K5 25@>20=8O, >B=N4L =5 B@51C5BAO 845=B8D8F8@>20BL A51O A =8<8. K 6825< 2 25: @0A?@>AB@0=ONI53>AO 2A5 H8@5 GC2AB20 A<KA;>CB@0BK.  B0:>9 25: 2>A?8B0=85 4>;6=> 1KBL =0?@02;5=> =0 B>, GB>1K =5 B>;L:> ?5@54020BL 7=0=8O, => 8 >BB0G820BL A>25ABL B0:, GB>1K G5;>25:C E20B8;> GCB:>AB8 @0AA;KH0BL B@51>20=85, A>45@60I55AO 2 :064>9 >B45;L=>9 A8BC0F88.  25:, :>340 45AOBL 70?>25459, ?>-2848<><C, C65 ?>B5@O;8 4;O <=>38E A2>N A8;C, G5;>25: 4>;65= 1KBL ?@83>B>2;5= : B><C, GB>1K 2>A?@8=OBL 10000 70?>25459, 70:;NG5==KE 2 10000 A8BC0F89, A :>B>@K<8 53> AB0;:8205B 687=L. ">340 =5 B>;L:> A0<0 MB0 687=L 1C45B :070BLAO 5<C >A<KA;5==>9 (0 >A<KA;5==>9  7=0G8B 70?>;=5==>9 45;0<8), => 8 A0< >= ?@8>1@5B5B 8<<C=8B5B ?@>B82 :>=D>@<87<0 8 B>B0;8B0@87<0  MB8E 42CE A;54AB289 M:78AB5=F80;L=>3> 20:CC<0. 54L B>;L:> 1>4@AB2CNI0O A>25ABL 405B G5;>25:C A?>A>1=>ABL A>?@>B82;OBLAO, =5 ?>44020BLAO :>=D>@<87<C 8 =5 A:;>=OBLAO ?5@54 B>B0;8B0@87<><. "0: 8;8 8=0G5, 2>A?8B0=85 1>;LH5 G5< :>340-;81> AB0=>28BAO 2>A?8B0=85< >B25BAB25==>AB8.  1KBL >B25BAB25==K<  7=0G8B 1KBL A5;5:B82=K<, 1KBL 8718@0B5;L=K<. K 6825< 2  >1I5AB25 87>18;8O , A@54AB20 <0AA>2>9 8=D>@<0F88 70;820NB =0A ?>B>:0<8 AB8<C;OF88, 8 <K 6825< 2 25: ?@>B82>70G0B>G=KE A@54AB2. A;8 <K =5 E>B8< CB>=CBL 2 MB>< ?>B>:5, ?>3@C78BLAO 2 B>B0;L=K9 ?@><8A:C8B5B, B> <K 4>;6=K =0CG8BLAO @07;8G0BL, GB> ACI5AB25==>, 0 GB> =5B, GB> 8<55B A<KA;, 0 GB> =5B, 70 GB> >B25G0BL, 0 70 GB> =5B. !<KA;  MB> 2AO:89 @07 B0:65 8 :>=:@5B=K9 A<KA; :>=:@5B=>9 A8BC0F88. -B> 2A5340  B@51>20=85 <><5=B0 , :>B>@>5, >4=0:>, 2A5340 04@5A>20=> :>=:@5B=><C G5;>25:C.  :0: =5?>2B>@8<0 :0640O >B45;L=0O A8BC0F8O, B0: 65 C=8:0;5= 8 :064K9 >B45;L=K9 G5;>25:. 064K9 45=L 8 :064K9 G0A ?@54;030NB =>2K9 A<KA;, 8 :064>3> G5;>25:0 >68405B 4@C3>9 A<KA;. !<KA; 5ABL 4;O :064>3>, 8 4;O :064>3> ACI5AB2C5B A2>9 >A>1K9 A<KA;. 7 2A53> MB>3> 2KB5:05B, GB> A<KA;, > :>B>@>< 845B @5GL, 4>;65= <5=OBLAO :0: >B A8BC0F88 : A8BC0F88, B0: 8 >B G5;>25:0 : G5;>25:C. 4=0:> A<KA; 25745ACI. 5B B0:>9 A8BC0F88, 2 :>B>@>9 =0< 1K =5 1K;0 ?@54>AB02;5=0 687=LN 2>7<>6=>ABL =09B8 A<KA;, 8 =5B B0:>3> G5;>25:0, 4;O :>B>@>3> 687=L =5 45@60;0 1K =03>B>25 :0:>5-=81C4L 45;>. >7<>6=>ABL >ACI5AB28BL A<KA; 2A5340 C=8:0;L=0, 8 G5;>25:, :>B>@K9 <>65B 55 @50;87>20BL, 2A5340 =5?>2B>@8<.  ;>3>B5@0?52B8G5A:>9 ;8B5@0BC@5 8<5NBAO ?C1;8:0F88 @0C=0, 0AF80=8, @0<1>, 0=-A0@B0, C@;0:0, @0B>E28;0, N:0A, 0=AD>@40, M9A>=0, 595@0, M@D8, ;0=>2>9, >?5;LA:>3>, 8G<>=40, >15@BA0, CE0, !M;;8, !<8B0, /@=5;0 8 /=30, 87 :>B>@KE A;54C5B, GB> 2>7<>6=>ABL =09B8 2 687=8 A<KA; =5 7028A8B >B ?>;0, >B 8=B5;;5:B0, >B C@>2=O >1@07>20=8O, >B B>3>, @5;838>7=K <K 8;8 =5B, 8 5A;8 40, B> :0:CN 25@C 8A?>254C5<. 5@5G8A;5==K<8 02B>@0<8 1K;> B0:65 ?>:070=>, GB> =0E>645=85 A<KA;0 =5 7028A8B >B E0@0:B5@0 G5;>25:0 8 >B A@54K. 8 >48= ?A8E80B@ 8 =8 >48= ?A8E>B5@0?52B  2 B>< G8A;5 ;>3>B5@0?52B  =5 <>65B C:070BL 1>;L=><C, 2 G5< 70:;NG05BAO A<KA;. = 2?@025, >4=0:>, CB25@640BL, GB> 687=L 8<55B A<KA; 8 4065, 1>;55 B>3>, GB> >=0 A>E@0=O5B MB>B A<KA; 2 ;N1KE CA;>28OE 8 ?@8 ;N1KE >1AB>OB5;LAB20E 1;03>40@O 2>7<>6=>AB8 =09B8 A<KA; 4065 2 AB@040=88. $5=><5=>;>38G5A:89 0=0;87 =58A:065==>3> =5?>A@54AB25==>3> ?5@56820=8O, :>B>@>5 <K <>65< =01;N40BL C ?@>AB>3>  G5;>25:0 A C;8FK , ?5@5254O 53> 70B5< =0 O7K: =0CG=>9 B5@<8=>;>388, ?><>305B C2845BL, GB> G5;>25: =5 B>;L:> 8I5B A<KA; 2 A8;C A2>53> AB@5<;5=8O : A<KA;C, => 8 =0E>48B 53>, 0 8<5==> B@5<O ?CBO<8. >-?5@2KE, >= <>65B CA<>B@5BL A<KA; 2 459AB288, 2 A>740=88 G53>-;81>. ><8<> MB>3>, >= 2848B A<KA; 2 B><, GB>1K ?5@56820BL GB>-B>, >= 2848B A<KA; 2 B><, GB>1K :>3>-B> ;N18BL. > 4065 2 157=0456=>9 A8BC0F88, ?5@54 :>B>@>9 >= 15A?><>I5=, >= ?@8 8725AB=KE CA;>28OE A?>A>15= 2845BL A<KA;. 5;> 2 ?>78F88 8 CAB0=>2:5, A :>B>@>9 >= 2AB@5G05B A2>N AC4L1C, :>B>@>9 >= =5 2 A>AB>O=88 871560BL 8;8 87<5=8BL. 8HL ?>78F8O 8 CAB0=>2:0 40NB 5<C 2>7<>6=>ABL ?@>45<>=AB@8@>20BL B>, =0 GB> A?>A>15= >48= ;8HL G5;>25:: ?@52@0I5=85, ?@5>1@065=85 AB@040=8O 2 4>AB865=85 =0 G5;>25G5A:>< C@>2=5. 48= ABC45=B-<548: 87 !>548=5==KE (B0B>2 ?8A0; <=5:  5402=> C<5@ >48= 87 ;CGH8E <>8E 4@C759, ?>B><C GB> >= =5 A<>3 =09B8 2 687=8 A<KA;. !59G0A O 7=0N, GB>, 5A;8 1K >= 1K; 682, O A<>3 1K, ?>60;C9, ?><>GL 5<C A@54AB20<8 ;>3>B5@0?88. 3> C65 =5B, => A0<0 53> A<5@BL 1C45B B5?5@L 2A5340 ?>1C640BL <5=O >:07K20BL ?><>IL 2A5< B5<, :B> 2 =59 =C6405BAO. / 4C<0N, GB> =5 <>65B 1KBL 1>;55 3;C18==>3> <>B820. 5A<>B@O =0 <>5 3>@5, 2K720==>5 A<5@BLN 4@C30, =5A<>B@O =0 <>5 GC2AB2> 28=K 2 MB>9 A<5@B8, 53> ACI5AB2>20=85  8 53> "C65-=5-ACI5AB2>20=85" =0?>;=5=> A<KA;><. A;8 <=5 :>340-=81C4L 4>AB0=5B A8;K @01>B0BL 2@0G>< 8 MB0 >B25BAB25==>ABL 1C45B <=5 ?> ?;5GC, 7=0G8B, >= C<5@ =5 =0?@0A=>. >;LH5 2A53> =0 A25B5 O E>GC >4=>3>: =5 4>?CAB8BL, GB>1K MB0 B@03548O A;CG8;0AL 5I5 @07  A;CG8;0AL A 4@C38< .  687=8 =5 ACI5AB2C5B A8BC0F89, :>B>@K5 1K;8 1K 459AB28B5;L=> ;8H5=K A<KA;0. -B> <>6=> >1JOA=8BL B5<, GB> ?@54AB02;ONI85AO =0< =530B82=K<8 AB>@>=K G5;>25G5A:>3> ACI5AB2>20=8O  2 G0AB=>AB8, B@038G5A:0O B@8040, 2:;NG0NI0O 2 A51O AB@040=85, 28=C 8 A<5@BL  B0:65 <>3CB 1KBL ?@5>1@07>20=K 2 =5GB> ?>78B82=>5, 2 4>AB865=85, 5A;8 ?>4>9B8 : =8< A ?@028;L=>9 ?>78F88 8 A 045:20B=>9 CAB0=>2:>9.  2A5 65 45;> 4>E>48B 4> M:78AB5=F80;L=>3> 20:CC<0.  MB>  2 A5@4F5 >1I5AB20 87>18;8O, :>B>@>5 =8 >4=C 87 107>2KE, ?> 0A;>C, ?>B@51=>AB59 =5 >AB02;O5B =5C4>2;5B2>@5==>9. -B> ?@>8AE>48B 8<5==> >BB>3>, GB> >=> B>;L:> C4>2;5B2>@O5B ?>B@51=>ABL, => =5 @50;87C5B AB@5<;5=85 : A<KA;C.  =5 22 3>40,  ?8A0; <=5 >48= 0<5@8:0=A:89 ABC45=B,  C <5=O 5ABL CG5=0O AB5?5=L, C <5=O H8:0@=K9 02B><>18;L, O ?>;=>ABLN =57028A8< 2 D8=0=A>2>< >B=>H5=88, 8 2 >B=>H5=88 A5:A0 8 ;8G=>3> ?@5AB860 O @0A?>;030N 1>;LH8<8 2>7<>6=>ABO<8, G5< O 2 A>AB>O=88 @50;87>20BL. 48=AB25==K9 2>?@>A, :>B>@K9 O A515 7040N,  MB> :0:>9 2> 2A5< MB>< A<KA; . 1I5AB2> 87>18;8O ?>@>6405B 8 87>18;85 A2>1>4=>3> 2@5<5=8, :>B>@>5 E>BL, ?> 8455, 8 ?@54AB02;O5B 2>7<>6=>ABL 4;O >A<KA;5==>9 >@30=870F88 687=8, 2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 ;8HL 5I5 A8;L=55 A?>A>1AB2C5B ?@>O2;5=8N M:78AB5=F80;L=>3> 20:CC<0. K, ?A8E80B@K, 8<55< 2>7<>6=>ABL =01;N40BL MB> =0 ?@8<5@5 B0: =07K205<KE  2>A:@5A=KE =52@>7>2 .  MB>B 871KB>: A2>1>4=>3> 2@5<5=8, ?> 2A59 2848<>AB8, C25;8G8205BAO. =AB8BCB 45<>A:>?88 2 ;;5=A10E5 1K; 2K=C645= :>=AB0B8@>20BL, GB> 5A;8 2 1952 3. 2@5<O 2 2>A:@5A5=L5 BO=C;>AL A;8H:>< <54;5==> 4;O 26 % >?@>H5==KE, B> A53>4=O C65 4;O 37 %. "5< A0<K< ?>=OB=> 8 A:070==>5 65@@8 0=45;5<:  "5E=8:0 871028;0 =0A >B B>3>, GB>1K <>18;87>2K20BL 2A5 =0H8 A?>A>1=>AB8 =0 1>@L1C 70 ACI5AB2>20=85. K A>740;8 3>AC40@AB2> 2A5>1I53> >15A?5G5=8O, :>B>@>5 30@0=B8@C5B :064><C A>E@0=5=85 687=8 157 ;8G=KE CA8;89 A 53> AB>@>=K. A;8 >4=064K 4>945B 4> B>3>, GB> 1;03>40@O B5E=8:5 15 % 0<5@8:0=A:8E @01>G8E D0:B8G5A:8 A<>3CB >1A;C6820BL ?>B@51=>AB8 F5;>9 =0F88, ?5@54 =0<8 2AB0=CB 425 ?@>1;5<K: :B> 4>;65= ?@8=04;560BL : MB8< 15 % @01>B0NI8E 8 GB> 1C4CB 45;0BL >AB0;L=K5 A> A2>8< A2>1>4=K< 2@5<5=5<  8 A ?>B5@59 A<KA;0 8E 687=8? >65B 1KBL, ;>3>B5@0?8O A<>65B A:070BL <5@8:5 A;54CNI53> AB>;5B8O 1>;LH5, G5< >=0 C65 40;0 <5@8:5 MB>3> AB>;5B8O .  A>60;5=8N, 745AL 8 A53>4=O ?@>1;5<0 2K3;O48B 8=0G5. 5@54:> 871KB>: A2>1>4=>3> 2@5<5=8 O2;O5BAO A;54AB285< 157@01>B8FK. #65 2 1933 3. O >?8A0; :0@B8=C 1>;57=8 ?@8  =52@>75 157@01>B8FK . @8 >BACBAB288 @01>BK 687=L :065BAO ;N4O< 15AA<KA;5==>9, 0 A0<8 >=8 AG8B0NB A51O 15A?>;57=K<8. E C3=5B05B =5 157@01>B8F0 :0: B0:>20O, 0 >ICI5=85 A<KA;>CB@0BK. '5;>25: 6825B =5 548=K< ?>A>185< ?> 157@01>B8F5.  >B;8G85 >B B@84F0BKE 3>4>2 A53>4=OH=89 M:>=><8G5A:89 :@878A 2K720= :@878A>< M=5@35B8G5A:8<: <K A C60A>< >1=0@C68;8, GB> 8AB>G=8:8 M=5@388 =5 O2;ONBAO =58AG5@?05<K<8. / =045NAL, GB> <5=O =5 A>GBCB ;53:><KA;5==K<, 5A;8 O @8A:=C 745AL CB25@640BL, GB> M=5@35B8G5A:89 :@878A 8 A>?CBAB2CNI55 5<C C<5=LH5=85 @>AB0 ?@><KH;5==>AB8 8 5ABL 548=AB25==K9 A5@L57=K9 H0=A 4;O =0H53> D@CAB@8@>20==>3> AB@5<;5=8O : A<KA;C. # =0A 5ABL H0=A >A<KA;8BL A0<8E A51O.  25: >1I5AB20 87>18;8O 1>;LH8=AB2> ;N459 8<5NB 4>AB0B>G=> A@54AB2 4;O 687=8, >4=0:> <=>38< ;N4O< A>25@H5==> =58725AB=>, @048 G53> 8< 68BL. "5?5@L 65 2?>;=5 2>7<>6=K< AB0=>28BAO A<5I5=85 0:F5=B>2 >B A@54AB2 : 687=8 =0 687=5==K5 F5;8, =0 A<KA; 687=8.  2 >B;8G85 >B 8AB>G=8:>2 M=5@388 MB>B A<KA; =58AG5@?05<, 25745ACI. 0:>5, >4=0:>, <K 8<55< ?@02> CB25@640BL, GB> 687=L =8:>340 8 =8 4;O :>3> =5 ?5@5AB05B 8<5BL A<KA;? A=>20=85< 4;O MB>3> A;C68B B>, GB> G5;>25: 2 A>AB>O=88 4065 1572KE>4=CN A8BC0F8N ?@52@0B8BL 2 ?>154C, 5A;8 @0AA<0B@820BL 55 ?>4 G5;>25G5A:8< C3;>< 7@5=8O. >MB><C 4065 AB@040=85 70:;NG05B 2 A515 2>7<>6=>ABL A<KA;0. !0<> A>1>9 @07C<55BAO, GB> @5GL 745AL 845B B>;L:> > A8BC0F8OE, :>B>@K5 =5;L7O CAB@0=8BL, =5;L7O 871560BL 8 =5;L7O 87<5=8BL, > AB@040=88, :>B>@>5 =5 <>65B 1KBL CAB@0=5=>. 0: 2@0G, O, :>=5G=>, 8<5N 2 284C ?@5645 2A53> =587;5G8<K5 1>;57=8, =5>?5@8@C5<K5 @0:>2K5 >?CE>;8. ACI5AB2;OO A<KA;, G5;>25: @50;87C5B A0< A51O. ACI5AB2;OO 65 A<KA;, 70:;NG5==K9 2 AB@040=88, <K @50;87C5< A0<>5 G5;>25G5A:>5 2 G5;>25:5. K >1@5B05< 7@5;>ABL, <K @0AB5<, <K ?5@5@0AB05< A0<8E A51O. <5==> B0<, 345 <K 15A?><>I=K 8 ;8H5=K =04564K, 1C4CG8 =5 2 A>AB>O=88 87<5=8BL A8BC0F8N,  8<5==> B0< <K ?@8720=K, >ICI05< =5>1E>48<>ABL 87<5=8BLAO A0<8<.  =8:B> =5 >?8A0; MB> B>G=55, G5< 53C40 M:>=, :>B>@K9 ?>?0; 2 A25=F8< 5I5 @515=:>< 8 ?>A;5 >A2>1>645=8O AB@040; >B =02O7G82KE ?@54AB02;5=89:  / 2845; ?>E>@>=K A ?KH=K< 3@>1>< 8 <C7K:>9  8 =0G8=0; A<5OBLAO: =5 157C<FK ;8  CAB@0820BL B0:>5 87-70 >4=>3>-548=AB25==>3> ?>:>9=8:0? A;8 O H5; =0 :>=F5@B 8;8 2 B50B@, O >1O70B5;L=> 4>;65= 1K; 2KG8A;8BL, A:>;L:> ?>B@51>20;>AL 1K 2@5<5=8, GB>1K >B@028BL 307>< 2A5E ;N459, :>B>@K5 B0< A>1@0;8AL, 8 A:>;L:> >4564K, A:>;L:> 7>;>BKE 7C1>2, A:>;L:> <5H:>2 2>;>A ?>;CG8;>AL 1K ?@8 MB>< .  40;55 53C40 M:>= A?@0H8205B A51O, 2 G5< <>3 70:;NG0BLAO A<KA; B5E ;5B, :>B>@K5 >= ?@>25; 2 A25=F8<5:  >4@>AB:>< O 4C<0;, GB> @0AA:06C <8@C, GB> O 2845; 2 A25=F8<5, 2 =045645, GB> <8@ AB0=5B >4=064K 4@C38<. 4=0:> <8@ =5 AB0; 4@C38<, 8 <8@ =5 E>B5; A;KH0BL >1 A25=F8<5. 8HL 3>@074> ?>765 O 459AB28B5;L=> ?>=O;, 2 G5< A<KA; AB@040=8O. !B@040=85 8<55B A<KA;, 5A;8 BK A0< AB0=>28HLAO 4@C38< . >@4>= 8;;0@4 ;?>@B '!",  !% A8E8G5A:>5 74>@>2L5: >1I0O CAB0=>2:0  ?@>28=F80;L=>< 02AB@89A:>< 3>A?8B0;5 ;560; BO65;>1>;L=>9 <C6G8=0. @0G8 G5AB=> ?@87=0;8AL 5<C 2 B><, GB> 8< =5 C40;>AL >?@545;8BL ?@8G8=C 1>;57=8, >4=0:> 5A;8 1K >=8 A<>3;8 ?>AB028BL 4803=>7, >=8 1K, 25@>OB=>, 2K;5G8;8 53>. @><5 MB>3>, >=8 A:070;8, GB> 8725AB=K9 4803=>AB 2A:>@5 4>;65= ?>A5B8BL 3>A?8B0;L 8 GB> 8<5==> 5<C, 2>7<>6=>, C40ABAO CAB0=>28BL ?@8G8=C 701>;520=8O. '5@57 =5A:>;L:> 4=59 4803=>AB ?@81K; 8 A>25@H8; >1E>4 3>A?8B0;O. >4>94O : ?>AB5;8 MB>3> G5;>25:0, >= 273;O=C; =0 =53>, ?@>1>@<>B0;  moribundus (C<@5B  ;0B.) 8 2KH5;. 5A:>;L:8<8 3>40<8 ?>765 MB>B ?0F85=B ?>72>=8; 4803=>ABC 8 A:070;:  >72>;LB5 <=5 ?>1;03>40@8BL 20A 70 20H 4803=>7. =8 A:070;8 <=5, GB> 5A;8 2K A<>65B5 ?>AB028BL 4803=>7, O ?>94C =0 ?>?@02:C, 8 2 BC <8=CBC, :>340 2K ?@>87=5A;8 moribundus O ?>=O;, GB> >1O70B5;L=> 2K74>@>25N . >@0;L MB>9 8AB>@88 B0:>20: A0<0 687=L <>65B 7028A5BL >B CAB0=>2:8 8 >6840=89. B>@0O 8AB>@8O 70:;NG05BAO 2 A;54CNI5<. >9 ?@8OB5;L-?A8E80B@, AB>@>==8: CA;>2=>-@5D;5:B>@=>9 B5@0?88, @0AA:07K20; > A2>59 ?0F85=B:5, AB@040NI59 0;:>3>;87<><. 'B>1K CAB@0=8BL 55 A:;>==>ABL >1CA;>2;820NI8< <5B>4><, >= AB028; ?5@54 =59 AB0:0= 28A:8 8 >4=>2@5<5==> 22>48; A8;L=>5 @2>B=>5 A@54AB2>. A:>@5 55 =0G8=0;> B>H=8BL, :0: B>;L:> >=0 GC2AB2>20;0 70?0E 0;:>3>;O. AB5AB25==>, >=0 A>25@H5==> ?@5:@0B8;0 C?>B@51;OBL A?8@B=K5 =0?8B:8. AB0=>282H8AL 2 =0H5< @0AA:075 =0 MB>< <5AB5, <K <>3;8 1K CB25@640BL, GB> A?5F8D8G5A:0O B5E=8:0 >1CA;>2;820=8O  :@09=5 MDD5:B82=K9 <5B>4.  =5AG0ABLN, MB0 B5@0?8O ?>3C18;0 55. 0: B>;L:> : 55 425@8 ?>4E>48; :><<82>O65@, 8;8 A>A548, 8;8 55 A>1AB25==K5 70:04KG=K5 4@C7LO, >B :>B>@KE ?0E;> 0;:>3>;5<, 55 @20;> ?@O<> =0 =8E. 5E0=8G5A:>5 >BCG5=85 >B ?@82KG:8 A0<> ?> A515 =5 87;5G8;> 55, ?>A:>;L:C ;5:0@AB2> =5 1K;> A>3;0A>20=> A >1@07>< 687=8. "@5BLO 8AB>@8O A 4>2>;L=> >?B8<8AB8G=K< :>=F>< :0A05BAO <0;5=L:>3> <0;LG8:0, :>B>@K9 2A5 2@5<O A>A0; 1>;LH>9 ?0;5F. K;8 ?5@5?@>1>20=K 2A5 4>ABC?=K5 <5B>4K ?>>I@5=8O 8 =0:070=8O, >A=>20==K5 =0 AB>;L ?>?C;O@=>9 B5>@88 =0CG5=8O: 18=B>20=85 ?0;LF0, >1<07K20=85 53> 3>@L:8< A>:>< 0;>M, H;5?:8, :>=D5B0, :>B>@CN B> 4020;8, B> >B18@0;8. A5 ?>?KB:8 >:070;8AL 157@57C;LB0B=K<8, 8 ?@82KG:0 AB0=>28;0AL 2A5 A8;L=59.  >48= ?@5:@0A=K9 45=L >= 24@C3 ?@5:@0B8; A>A0BL ?0;5F. >340 87C<;5==K5 @>48B5;8 ?>8=B5@5A>20;8AL, ?>G5<C 70:>@5=5;0O ?@82KG:0 1K;0 AB>;L @048:0;L=> >B1@>H5=0, @515=>: >B25B8; ?@>AB>:  >;LH85 <0;LG8:8 =5 A>ACB A2>8 ?0;LFK . 0:8<-B> >1@07>< MB0 845O ?@>=8:;0 : =5<C 2 A>7=0=85, 8 A?5F8D8G5A:0O =02O7G82>ABL 8AG57;0. 0;LG8: 2K;5G8;AO. "5@0?8O: <5B>4K >1I85 8 A?5F8D8G5A:85 A5 MB8 B@8 8AB>@88, :0640O 2 A2>5< @>45, :0A0NBAO =0H59 ?@>1;5<K, ACBL :>B>@>9 ?@>AB0: :0:8< >1@07>< ?@54AB028B5;8 ?><>30NI8E ?@>D5AA89 (0 : =8< O >B=>HC ?A8E80B@>2, A2OI5==>A;C68B5;59, A>F80;L=KE @01>B=8:>2, ?A8E>;>3>2-?@0:B8:>2 8 @01>B=8:>2 >1@07>20=8O) A<>3CB >1@5AB8 A=>20 E>BO 1K =5<=>3> B>3> 74@02>3> A<KA;0, :>B>@K9 =5:>340 1K; 8<8 CB5@O=? / 4C<0N, 8AB>@8G5A:8 MB> A;>68;>AL B0:.  XIX 2. A>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O 8 <548F8=A:85 =0C:8 >A>7=0;8 A2>N =5A?>A>1=>ABL A?@028BLAO A> 2A5< :><?;5:A>< ?@>1;5< ?A8E8G5A:>9 8 A>F80;L=>9 687=8 G5;>25:0. >MB><C, ?>4@060O 5AB5AB25==K< =0C:0<, >=8 2>7=0<5@8;8AL @5H0BL 2 :064K9 <><5=B 2@5<5=8 B>;L:> >4=C <0;5=L:CN 7040GC. !>1KB8O 8<5NB ?@8G8=K, 0 ?>A5<C ;>38G=> A:>=F5=B@8@>20BL 2=8<0=85 =0 :>=:@5B=>< ?0B>;>38G5A:>< D0:B5, =09B8 53> ?@8G8=C 8 CAB@0=8BL 55. #A?5E8 65==5@0, 8AB5@0 8 0AB5@0 1K;8 25AL<0 2?5G0B;ONI8<8. E ?@8<5@ :070;AO 4>AB0B>G=> C1548B5;L=K<, GB>1K ?>A;54>20BL 5<C 8 2 AD5@5 ?A8E8G5A:8E @0AAB@>9AB2. KB>20;> C15645=85, GB> 4CH0 G5;>25:0 2B>@8G=0 ?> >B=>H5=8N : 53> B5;C. >73, :>=5G=> 65, D878>;>38G5A:89 >@30=. >7459AB2CO =0 MB>B >@30= ?>A@54AB2>< ;5:0@AB2, >1CA;>2;820=8O 8;8 4065 38?=>70, 2K <>65B5 87<5=OBL CAB0=>2:8 8 459AB28O G5;>25:0.  =0CG=KE :@C30E 4><8=8@>20;> ?@54AB02;5=85 > materia medico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philautia  A51O;N185 1;03>2>;5=8O  8 C4>2>;LAB285 >B A51O A0<>3>, A51O;N185 C4>2>;LAB28O. > 4065  @07C<=>5 A51O;N185 4>;6=> >3@0=8G820BLAO =@02AB25==K<8 ?@8=F8?0<8, C4>2>;LAB285 >B A0<>3> A51O 4>;6=> 1KBL ?>402;5=>, 8 G5;>25: 4>;65= ?@89B8 : >ICI5=8N A2>53> A<8@5=8O ?5@54 A2OB>ABLN <>@0;L=KE 70:>=>2. '5;>25: 4>;65= 2845BL 4;O A51O 2KAH55 AG0ABL5 2 8A?>;=5=88 A2>53> 4>;30. 50;870F8O <>@0;L=>3> 70:>=0  0 A;54>20B5;L=>, 4>AB865=85 A>1AB25==>3> AG0ABLO  2>7<>6=0 548=AB25==> 2 A>AB025 F5;>3>  =0F88, 3>AC40@AB20. >  1;03>45=AB285 3>AC40@AB20  a salus reipublicae supremo, lex. est  =5 A>2?0405B A 1;03>45=AB285< >B45;L=KE 3@0640= 8 8E AG0ABL5<. 5A<>B@O =0 B> GB> 0=B ?8B0;, 157CA;>2=>, 1>;LH55 C2065=85 : =5?@8:>A=>25==>AB8 ;8G=>AB8, G5< 0;L28= 8 NB5@, >= >B@8F0; 70 G5;>25:>< ?@02> ?@>B5AB>20BL 4065 2 CA;>28OE =081>;55 45A?>B8G5A:>3> ?@02;5=8O; ?@>B5AB 4>;65= :0@0BLAO A<5@BLN, 5A;8 >= =5A5B C3@>7C AC25@5=C. 0=B 2845; 2 ?@8@>45 G5;>25:0 2@>645==CN A:;>==>ABL : 7;C, 4;O ?>402;5=8O :>B>@>9 =5>1E>48< <>@0;L=K9 70:>=, :0B53>@8G5A:89 8<?5@0B82, GB>1K G5;>25: =5 ?@52@0B8;AO 2 725@O, 0 >1I5AB2> =5 225@3;>AL 1K 2 48:89 E0>A.  D8;>A>D88 M?>E8 @>A25I5=8O AB@5<;5=85 G5;>25:0 : A>1AB25==><C AG0ABLN =0E>48;> 1>;LH89 >B:;8:, G5< C 0=B0,  =0?@8<5@, C 5;L25F8O.  A>2@5<5==>9 D8;>A>D88 MB0 B5=45=F8O =081>;55 @048:0;L=>5 2K@065=85 =0H;0 C (B8@=5@0 8 8FH5. > E>BO >=8 70=8<0NB ?>78F8N, ?@>B82>?>;>6=CN 0;L28=C 8 0=BC, >=8 B5< =5 <5=55 A>3;0A=K A =8<8 2 B><, GB> ;N1>2L : 4@C38< 8 ;N1>2L : A515 =5 >4=> 8 B> 65. N1>2L : 4@C38< >=8 >AC640;8 :0: A;01>ABL 8 A0<>?>65@B2>20=85, 2 ?@>B82>25A G5<C 2K42830;8 M3>87< 8 A51O;N185  :>B>@K5 >=8 B>65 ?CB0;8 <564C A>1>9, =5 ?@>2>4O <564C =8<8 @07;8G8O  :0: 4>1@>45B5;L. "0:, (B8@=5@ 3>2>@8;:  B0:, @5H0BL 4>;6=K M3>87<, A51O;N185, 0 =5 ?@8=F8? ;N128, =5 <>B82K ;N128 2@>45 <8;>A5@48O, 4>1@>BK, 4>1@>4CH8O 8;8 4065 A?@0254;82>AB8  81> iustitia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go, 8 70B5< 2) ?>7=0NI89 M;5<5=B 2 =0H5< A>7=0=88, =0H5 "O", G8AB>5 Ego, :0: 2K@060NBAO =5:>B>@K5 02B>@K. . >7=0205<K9 M;5<5=B 2 ;8G=>AB8 -<?8@8G5A:>5 "O" 8;8 ;8G=>ABL. "@C4=> ?@>25AB8 G5@BC <564C B5<, GB> G5;>25: =07K205B A0<8< A>1>9 8 A2>8<. 0H8 GC2AB20 8 ?>ABC?:8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : =5:>B>@K< ?@8=04;560I8< =0< >1J5:B0< 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 AB5?5=8 AE>4=K A GC2AB20<8 8 ?>ABC?:0<8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0< A0<8<. 0H5 4>1@>5 8<O, =0H8 45B8, =0H8 ?@>872545=8O <>3CB 1KBL =0< B0: 65 4>@>38, :0: 8 =0H5 A>1AB25==>5 B5;>, 8 <>3CB 2K7K20BL 2 =0A B5 65 GC2AB20, 0 2 A;CG05 ?>AO30B5;LAB20 =0 =8E - B> 65 AB@5<;5=85 : 2>7<5748N.  B5;0 =0H8 - ?@>AB> ;8 >=8 =0H8 8;8 MB> <K A0<8? 5AA?>@=>, 1K20;8 A;CG08, :>340 ;N48 >B@5:0;8AL >B A>1AB25==>3> B5;0 8 A<>B@5;8 =0 =53> :0: =0 >45O=85 8;8 4065 BN@L<C, 87 :>B>@>9 >=8 :>340-=81C4L 1C4CB AG0AB;82K 2K@20BLAO. G5284=>, <K 8<55< 45;> A 87<5=G82K< <0B5@80;><: B>B 65 A0<K9 ?@54<5B @0AA<0B@8205BAO =0<8 8=>340 :0: G0ABL =0H59 ;8G=>AB8, 8=>340 ?@>AB> :0: "=0H", 0 8=>340 - :0: 1C4B> C =0A =5B A =8< =8G53> >1I53>. ?@>G5<, 2 A0<>< H8@>:>< A<KA;5 ;8G=>ABL G5;>25:0 A>AB02;O5B >1I0O AC<<0 2A53> B>3>, GB> >= <>65B =0720BL A2>8<: =5 B>;L:> 53> D878G5A:85 8 4CH52=K5 :0G5AB20, => B0:65 53> ?;0BL5, 4><, 65=C, 45B59, ?@54:>2 8 4@C759, 53> @5?CB0F8N 8 B@C4K, 53> 8<5=85, ;>H0459, 53> OEBC 8 :0?8B0;K. A5 MB> 2K7K205B 2 =5< 0=0;>38G=K5 GC2AB20. A;8 ?> >B=>H5=8N :> 2A5<C MB><C 45;> >1AB>8B 1;03>?>;CG=> - >= B>@65AB2C5B; 5A;8 45;0 ?@8E>4OB 2 C?04>: - >= >3>@G5=; @07C<55BAO, :064K9 87 ?5@5G8A;5==KE =0<8 >1J5:B>2 =5>48=0:>2> 2;8O5B =0 A>AB>O=85 53> 4CE0, => 2A5 >=8 >:07K20NB 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 AE>4=>5 2>7459AB285 =0 53> A0<>GC2AB285. >=8<0O A;>2> ";8G=>ABL" 2 A0<>< H8@>:>< A<KA;5, <K <>65< ?@5645 2A53> ?>4@0745;8BL 0=0;87 55 =0 B@8 G0AB8 2 >B=>H5=88 1) 55 A>AB02=KE M;5<5=B>2; 2) GC2AB2 8 M<>F89, 2K7K205<KE 8<8 (A0<>>F5=:0); 3) ?>ABC?:>2, 2K7K205<KE 8<8 (701>B0 > A0<>< A515 8 A0<>A>E@0=5=85). !>AB02=K5 M;5<5=BK ;8G=>AB8 <>3CB 1KBL ?>4@0745;5=K B0:65 =0 B@8 :;0AA0: 1) D878G5A:CN ;8G=>ABL, 2) A>F80;L=CN ;8G=>ABL 8 3) 4CE>2=CN ;8G=>ABL. $878G5A:0O ;8G=>ABL.  :064>< 87 =0A B5;5A=0O >@30=870F8O ?@54AB02;O5B ACI5AB25==K9 :><?>=5=B =0H59 D878G5A:>9 ;8G=>AB8, 0 =5:>B>@K5 G0AB8 B5;0 <>3CB 1KBL =0720=K =0H8<8 2 B5A=59H5< A<KA;5 A;>20. 0 B5;5A=>9 >@30=870F859 A;54C5B >45640. !B0@0O ?>3>2>@:0, GB> G5;>25G5A:0O ;8G=>ABL A>AB>8B 87 B@5E G0AB59: 4CH8, B5;0 8 ?;0BLO,  =5GB> 1>;LH55, =565;8 ?@>AB0O HCB:0. K 2 B0:>9 AB5?5=8 ?@8A208205< ?;0BL5 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8, 4> B>3> >B>645AB2;O5< >4=> A 4@C3>9, GB> =5<=>385 87 =0A, =5 :>;51;OAL =8 <8=CBK, 404CB @5H8B5;L=K9 >B25B =0 2>?@>A, :0:CN 1K 87 42CE 0;LB5@=0B82" >=8 2K1@0;8: 8<5BL ?@5:@0A=>5 B5;>, >1;0G5==>5 2 25G=> 3@O7=K5 8 @20=K5 ;>E<>BLO, 8;8 ?>4 25G=> =>2K< :>ABN<>< A:@K20BL 157>1@07=>5, C@>4;82>5 B5;>. 0B5< 1;8609H59 G0ABLN =0A A0<8E O2;O5BAO =0H5 A5<59AB2>, >B5F 8 <0BL, 65=0 8 45B8 - ?;>BL >B ?;>B8 8 :>ABL >B :>AB8 =0H59. >340 >=8 C<8@0NB, 8AG5705B G0ABL =0A A0<8E. 0< ABK4=> 70 8E 4C@=K5 ?>ABC?:8. A;8 :B>-=81C4L >1845; 8E, =53>4>20=85 2A?KE8205B 2 =0A B>BG0A, :0: 1C4B> <K A0<8 1K;8 =0 8E <5AB5. 0;55 A;54C5B =0H 4><0H=89 >G03, =0H home. @>8AE>4OI55 2 =5< A>AB02;O5B G0ABL =0H59 687=8, 53> 284 2K7K205B 2 =0A =56=59H55 GC2AB2> ?@82O70==>AB8, 8 <K =5>E>B=> ?@>I05< 3>ABN, :>B>@K9, ?>A5B82 =0A, C:07K205B =54>AB0B:8 2 =0H59 4><0H=59 >1AB0=>2:5 8;8 ?@57@8B5;L=> : =59 >B=>A8BAO. K >B405< 8=AB8=:B82=>5 ?@54?>GB5=85 2A5< MB8< @07=>>1@07=K< >1J5:B0<, A2O70==K< A =081>;55 206=K<8 ?@0:B8G5A:8<8 8=B5@5A0<8 =0H59 687=8. A5 <K 8<55< 15AA>7=0B5;L=>5 2;5G5=85 >E@0=OBL =0H8 B5;0, >1;5:0BL 8E 2 ?;0BLO, A=0165==K5 C:@0H5=8O<8, ;5;5OBL =0H8E @>48B5;59, 65=C 8 45B59 8 ?@88A:820BL A515 A>1AB25==K9 C3>;>:, 2 :>B>@>< <K <>3;8 1K 68BL, A>25@H5=AB2CO A2>N 4><0H=NN >1AB0=>2:C. "0:>5 65 8=AB8=:B82=>5 2;5G5=85 ?>1C6405B =0A =0:0?;820BL A>AB>O=85, 0 A45;0==K5 =0<8 @0=55 ?@8>1@5B5=8O AB0=>2OBAO 2 1>;LH59 8;8 <5=LH59 AB5?5=8 1;87:8<8 G0ABO<8 =0H59 M<?8@8G5A:>9 ;8G=>AB8. 081>;55 B5A=> A2O70=K A =0<8 ?@>872545=8O =0H53> :@>2=>3> B@C40. 5<=>385 ;N48 =5 ?>GC2AB2>20;8 1K A2>53> ;8G=>3> C=8GB>65=8O, 5A;8 1K ?@>872545=85 8E @C: 8 <>730 (=0?@8<5@, :>;;5:F8O =0A5:><KE 8;8 >1H8@=K9 @C:>?8A=K9 B@C4), A>78402H55AO 8<8 2 B5G5=85 F5;>9 687=8, 24@C3 >:070;>AL C=8GB>65==K<. >4>1=>5 65 GC2AB2> ?8B05B A:C?>9 : A2>8< 45=L30<. %>BO 8 ?@0240, GB> G0ABL =0H53> >3>@G5=8O ?@8 ?>B5@5 ?@54<5B>2 >1;040=8O >1CA;>2;5=0 A>7=0=85< B>3>, GB> <K B5?5@L 4>;6=K >1E>48BLAO 157 =5:>B>@KE 1;03, :>B>@K5 @0AAG8BK20;8 ?>;CG8BL ?@8 40;L=59H5< ?>;L7>20=88 CB@0G5==K<8 =K=5 >1J5:B0<8, => 2A5-B0:8 2> 2AO:>< ?>4>1=>< A;CG05 A25@E B>3> 2 =0A >AB05BAO 5I5 GC2AB2> C<0;5=8O =0H59 ;8G=>AB8, ?@52@0I5=8O =5:>B>@>9 G0AB8 55 2 =8GB>.  MB>B D0:B ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>5 ?A8E8G5A:>5 O2;5=85. K A@07C ?>?0405< =0 >4=C 4>A:C A 1>AO:0<8, A B5<8 pauvres diables (>B@51L5<), :>B>@KE <K B0: ?@578@05<, 8 2 B> 65 2@5<O AB0=>28<AO 1>;55 G5< :>340-;81> >BGC645==K<8 >B AG0AB;82KE AK=>2 75<;8, 2;0AB5;8=>2 ACH8, <>@O 8 ;N459, 2;0AB5;8=>2, 682CI8E 2 ?>;=>< 1;5A:5 <>3CI5AB20 8 <0B5@80;L=>9 >15A?5G5==>AB8. 0: 1K <K =8 27K20;8 : 45<>:@0B8G5A:8< ?@8=F8?0<, =52>;L=> ?5@54 B0:8<8 ;N4L<8 O2=> 8;8 B09=> <K ?5@568205< GC2AB20 AB@0E0 8 C2065=8O. !>F80;L=0O ;8G=>ABL. @87=0=85 2 =0A ;8G=>AB8 A> AB>@>=K 4@C38E ?@54AB028B5;59 G5;>25G5A:>3> @>40 45;05B 87 =0A >1I5AB25==CN ;8G=>ABL. K =5 B>;L:> AB04=K5 682>B=K5, =5 B>;L:> ;N18< 1KBL = >1I5AB25 A515 ?>4>1=KE, => 8<55< 4065 ?@8@>645==CN =0:;>==>ABL >1@0I0BL =0 A51O 2=8<0=85 4@C38E 8 ?@>872>48BL =0 =8E 1;03>?@8OB=>5 2?5G0B;5=85. "@C4=> ?@84C<0BL 1>;55 4LO2>;LA:>5 =0:070=85 (5A;8 1K B0:>5 =0:070=85 1K;> D878G5A:8 2>7<>6=>), G5< 5A;8 1K :B>-=81C4L ?>?0; 2 >1I5AB2> ;N459, 345 =0 =53> A>25@H5==> =5 >1@0I0;8 2=8<0=8O. A;8 1K =8:B> =5 >1>@0G820;AO ?@8 =0H5< ?>O2;5=88, =5 >B25G0; =0 =0H8 2>?@>AK, =5 8=B5@5A>20;AO =0H8<8 459AB28O<8, 5A;8 1K 2AO:89 ?@8 2AB@5G5 A =0<8 =0<5@5==> =5 C7=020; =0A 8 >1E>48;AO A =0<8 :0: A =5>4CH52;5==K<8 ?@54<5B0<8, B> =0<8 >2;045;> 1K A2>53> @>40 15H5=AB2>, 15AA8;L=>5 >BG0O=85. 45AL >1;53G5=85< 1K;8 1K 65AB>G09H85 B5;5A=K5 <C:8, ;8HL 1K ?@8 =8E <K GC2AB2>20;8, GB> ?@8 2A59 1572KE>4=>AB8 =0H53> ?>;>65=8O <K 2A5-B0:8 =5 ?0;8 =0AB>;L:> =87:>, GB>1K =5 70A;C6820BL =8GL53> 2=8<0=8O. !>1AB25==> 3>2>@O, C G5;>25:0 AB>;L:> A>F80;L=KE ;8G=>AB59, A:>;L:> 8=48284>2 ?@87=0NB 2 =5< ;8G=>ABL 8 8<5NB > =59 ?@54AB02;5=85. >AO3=CBL =0 MB> ?@54AB02;5=85 - 7=0G8B ?>AO3=CBL =0 A0<>3> G5;>25:0. >, ?@8=8<0O 2> 2=8<0=85, GB> ;8F0, 8<5NI85 ?@54AB02;5=85 > 40==>< G5;>25:5, 5AB5AB25==> @0A?040NBAO =0 :;0AAK, <K <>65< A:070BL, GB> =0 ?@0:B8:5 2AO:89 G5;>25: 8<55B AB>;L:> 65 @07;8G=KE A>F80;L=KE ;8G=>AB59, A:>;L:> 8<55BAO @07;8G=KE 3@C?? ;N459, <=5=85< :>B>@KE >= 4>@>68B. =>385 <0;LG8:8 254CB A51O 4>2>;L=> ?@8;8G=> 2 ?@8ACBAB288 @>48B5;59 8;8 ?@5?>4020B5;59, 0 2 :><?0=88 =52>A?8B0==KE B>20@8I59 15AG8=AB2CNB 8 1@0=OBAO, :0: ?LO=K5 872>7G8:8. K 2KAB02;O5< A51O 2 A>25@H5==> 8=>< A25B5 ?5@54 =0H8<8 45BL<8, =565;8 ?5@54 :;C1=K<8 B>20@8I0<8; <K 45@68< A51O 8=0G5 ?5@54 =0H8<8 ?>AB>O==K<8 ?>:C?0B5;O<8, G5< ?5@54 =0H8<8 @01>B=8:0<8; <K - =5GB> A>25@H5==> 4@C3>5 ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0H8< 1;87:8< 4@C7LO<, G5< ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0H8< E>7O520< 8;8 : =0H5<C =0G0;LAB2C. BAN40 =0 ?@0:B8:5 ?>;CG05BAO 45;5=85 G5;>25:0 =0 =5A:>;L:> ;8G=>AB59; MB> <>65B ?>25AB8 : 48A30@<>=8G=><C @0742>5=8N A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8, =0?@8<5@, 2 A;CG05, 5A;8 :B>-=81C4L 1>8BAO 2KAB028BL A51O ?5@54 >4=8<8 7=0:><K<8 2 B>< A25B5, 2 :0:>< >= ?@54AB02;O5BAO 4@C38<; => B>B 65 D0:B <>65B ?>25AB8 : 30@<>=8G=><C @0A?@545;5=8N @07;8G=KE AB>@>= ;8G=>AB8, =0?@8<5@, :>340 :B>-=81C4L, 1C4CG8 =56=K< ?> >B=>H5=8N : A2>8< 45BO<, O2;O5BAO AB@>38< : ?>4G8=5==K< 5<C C7=8:0< 8;8 A>;40B0<. !0<>9 A2>5>1@07=>9 D>@<>9 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 O2;O5BAO ?@54AB02;5=85 2;N1;5==>3> > ;8G=>AB8 ;N18<>9 8< >A>1K. 5 AC4L10 2K7K205B AB>;L 682>5 CG0AB85, GB> >=> ?>:065BAO A>25@H5==> 15AA<KA;5==K<, 5A;8 ?@8;030BL : =5<C :0:>9-;81> 8=>9 <0AHB01, :@><5 <5@8;0 >@30=8G5A:>3> 8=48284C0;L=>3> 2;5G5=8O. ;O A0<>3> A51O 2;N1;5==K9 :0: 1K =5 ACI5AB2C5B, ?>:0 53> A>F80;L=0O ;8G=>ABL =5 ?>;CG8B 4>;6=>9 >F5=:8 2 3;070E ;N18<>3> ACI5AB20, 2 ?>A;54=5< A;CG05 53> 2>AB>@3 ?@52>AE>48B 2A5 3@0=8FK. >1@0O 8;8 EC40O A;020 G5;>25:0, 53> G5ABL 8;8 ?>7>@ - MB> =0720=8O 4;O >4=>9 87 53> A>F80;L=KE ;8G=>AB59. !2>5>1@07=0O >1I5AB25==0O ;8G=>ABL G5;>25:0, =07K205<0O 53> G5ABLN, - @57C;LB0B >4=>3> 87 B5E @0742>5=89 ;8G=>AB8, > :>B>@KE <K 3>2>@8;8. @54AB02;5=85, :>B>@>5 A:;04K205BAO > G5;>25:5 2 3;070E >:@C60NI59 53> A@54K, O2;O5BAO @C:>2>4OI8< <>B82>< 4;O >4>1@5=8O 8;8 >AC645=8O 53> ?>2545=8O, A<>B@O ?> B><C, >B25G05B ;8 >= B@51>20=8O< 40==>9 >1I5AB25==>9 A@54K, :>B>@K5 >= <>3 1K =5 A>1;N40BL ?@8 4@C3>9 68B59A:>9 >1AB0=>2:5. "0:, G0AB=>5 ;8F> <>65B 157 707@5=8O A>25AB8 ?>:8=CBL 3>@>4, 70@065==K9 E>;5@>9, => A2OI5==8: 8;8 4>:B>@ =0H;8 1K B0:>9 ?>ABC?>: =5A>2<5AB8<K< A 8E ?>=OB85< > G5AB8. '5ABL A>;40B0 ?>1C6405B 53> A@060BLAO 8 C<8@0BL ?@8 B0:8E >1AB>OB5;LAB20E, :>340 4@C3>9 G5;>25: 8<55B ?>;=>5 ?@02> A:@KBLAO 2 157>?0A=>5 <5AB> 8;8 1560BL, =5 =0;030O =0 A2>5 A>F80;L=>5 "O" ?>7>@=>3> ?OB=0. >4>1=K< 65 >1@07>< AC4LO 8;8 3>AC40@AB25==K9 <C6 2 A8;C A2>53> ?>;>65=8O =0E>48B 15AG5AB=K< 70=8<0BLAO 45=56=K<8 >?5@0F8O<8, =5 70:;NG0NI8<8 2 A515 =8G53> ?@54>AC48B5;L=>3> 4;O G0AB=>3> ;8F0. 5@54:> <>6=> A;KH0BL, :0: ;N48 ?@>2>4OB @07;8G85 <564C >B45;L=K<8 AB>@>=0<8 A2>59 ;8G=>AB8: "0: G5;>25: O 60;5N 20A, => :0: >D8F80;L=>5 ;8F> O =5 <>3C 20A ?>I048BL"; " ?>;8B8G5A:>< >B=>H5=88 >= <>9 A>N7=8:, => A B>G:8 7@5=8O =@02AB25==>AB8 O =5 2K=>HC 53>". ">, GB> =07K20NB <=5=85< A@54K, A>AB02;O5B >48= 87 A8;L=59H8E 42830B5;59 2 687=8. >@ =5 A<55B >1:@04K20BL A2>8E B>20@8I59; :0@B>G=K9 83@>: >1O70= ?;0B8BL :0@B>G=K5 4>;38, E>BO 1K >= 2>2A5 =5 ?;0B8; 8=KE A2>8E 4>;3>2. A5340 8 25745 :>45:A G5AB8 D5H5=515;L=>3> >1I5AB20 2>71@0=O; 8;8 @07@5H0; 8725AB=K5 ?>ABC?:8 548=AB25==> 2 C3>4C >4=>9 87 AB>@>= =0H59 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8. >>1I5 2K =5 4>;6=K ;30BL, => 2 B><, GB> :0A05BAO 20H8E >B=>H5=89 : 8725AB=>9 40<5, - ;38B5, A:>;L:> 20< C3>4=>; >B @02=>3> A515 2K ?@8=8<05B5 2K7>2 =0 4CM;L, => 2K 70A<55B5AL 2 3;070 ;8FC =87H53> ?> A@02=5=8N A 20<8 >1I5AB25==>3> ?>;>65=8O, 5A;8 MB> ;8F> 274C<05B ?>B@51>20BL >B 20A C4>2;5B2>@5=8O, - 2>B ?@8<5@K 4;O ?>OA=5=8O =0H59 <KA;8. CE>2=0O ;8G=>ABL. >4 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>ABLN, ?>A:>;L:C >=0 A2O70=0 A M<?8@8G5A:>9, <K =5 @07C<55< B>3> 8;8 4@C3>3> >B45;L=>3> ?@5E>4OI53> A>AB>O=8O A>7=0=8O. !:>@55, <K @07C<55< ?>4 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>ABLN ?>;=>5 >1J548=5=85 >B45;L=KE A>AB>O=89 A>7=0=8O, :>=:@5B=> 27OBKE 4CE>2=KE A?>A>1=>AB59 8 A2>9AB2. -B> >1J548=5=85 2 :064CN >B45;L=CN <8=CBC <>65B AB0BL >1J5:B>< =0H59 <KA;8 8 2K720BL M<>F88, 0=0;>38G=K5 M<>F8O<, ?@>872>48<K< 2 =0A 4@C38<8 AB>@>=0<8 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8. >340 <K 4C<05< > A515 :0: > <KA;OI8E ACI5AB20E, 2A5 4@C385 AB>@>=K =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 ?@54AB02;ONBAO >B=>A8B5;L=> =0A :0: 1K 2=5H=8<8 >1J5:B0<8. 065 2 3@0=8F0E =0H59 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>AB8 =5:>B>@K5 M;5<5=BK :06CBAO 1>;55 2=5H=8<8, G5< 4@C385. 0?@8<5@, =0H8 A?>A>1=>AB8 : >ICI5=8N ?@54AB02;ONBAO, B0: A:070BL, <5=55 8=B8<=> A2O70==K<8 A =0H8< "O", G5< =0H8 M<>F88 8 65;0=8O. !0<K9 F5=B@, A0<>5 O4@> =0H53> "O", ?>A:>;L:C >=> =0< 8725AB=>, A2OB>5 A2OBKE =0H53> ACI5AB20 - MB> GC2AB2> 0:B82=>AB8, >1=0@C6820NI55AO 2 =5:>B>@KE =0H8E 2=CB@5==8E 4CH52=KE A>AB>O=8OE. 0 MB> GC2AB2> 2=CB@5==59 0:B82=>AB8 G0AB> C:07K20;8 :0: =0 =5?>A@54AB25==>5 ?@>O2;5=85 687=5==>9 AC1AB0=F88 =0H59 4CH8. "0: ;8 MB> 8;8 =5B, <K =5 1C45< @0718@0BL, 0 >B<5B8< 745AL B>;L:> A2>5>1@07=K9 2=CB@5==89 E0@0:B5@ 4CH52=KE A>AB>O=89, >1;040NI8E A2>9AB2>< :070BLAO 0:B82=K<8, :0:>2K 1K =8 1K;8 A0<8 ?> A515 MB8 4CH52=K5 A>AB>O=8O. 065BAO, 1C4B> >=8 84CB =02AB@5GC 2A5< 4@C38< >?KB=K< M;5<5=B0< =0H53> A>7=0=8O. -B> GC2AB2>, 25@>OB=>, ?@8ACI5 2A5< ;N4O<. 0 A>AB02=K<8 M;5<5=B0<8 ;8G=>AB8 2 =0H5< 87;>65=88 A;54CNB E0@0:B5@87CNI85 55 GC2AB20 8 M<>F88. !0<>>F5=:0. =0 1K205B 42CE @>4>2: A0<>4>2>;LAB2> 8 =54>2>;LAB2> A>1>9. !0<>;N185 <>65B 1KBL >B=5A5=> : B@5BL5<C >B45;C, : >B45;C ?>ABC?:>2, 81> AN40 ?> 1>;LH59 G0AB8 >B=>AOB A:>@55 8725AB=CN 3@C??C 459AB289, G5< GC2AB2>20=89 2 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20. ;O >1>8E @>4>2 A0<>>F5=:8 O7K: 8<55B 4>AB0B>G=K9 70?0A A8=>=8<>2. "0:>2K, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 3>@4>ABL, A0<>4>2>;LAB2>, 2KA>:><5@85, AC5B=>ABL, A0<>?>G8B0=85, 70=>AG82>ABL, BI5A;0285; A 4@C3>9  A:@><=>ABL, C=865==>ABL, A<CI5=85, =5C25@5==>ABL, ABK4, C=865=85, @0A:0O=85, A>7=0=85 A>1AB25==>3> ?>7>@0 8 >BG0O=85. #:070==K5 420 ?@>B82>?>;>6=KE :;0AA0 GC2AB2>20=89 O2;ONBAO =5?>A@54AB25==K<8, ?5@28G=K<8 40@0<8 =0H59 ?@8@>4K. @54AB028B5;8 0AA>F80=87<0, 1KBL <>65B, A:06CB, GB> MB> 2B>@8G=K5, ?@>872>4=K5 O2;5=8O, 2>7=8:0NI85 87 1KAB@>3> AC<<8@>20=8O GC2AB2 C4>2>;LAB28O 8 =5C4>2>;LAB28O, : :>B>@K< 254CB 1;03>?@8OB=K5 8;8 =51;03>?@8OB=K5 4;O =0A 4CH52=K5 A>AB>O=8O, ?@8G5< AC<<0 ?@8OB=KE ?@54AB02;5=89 405B A0<>4>2>;LAB2>, 0 AC<<0 =5?@8OB=KE  ?@>B82>?>;>6=>5 GC2AB2> ABK40. 57 A><=5=8O, ?@8 GC2AB25 4>2>;LAB20 A>1>9 <K >E>B=> ?5@518@05< 2 C<5 2A5 2>7<>6=K5 =03@04K 70 =0H8 70A;C38, 0, >BG0O2H8AL 2 A0<8E A515, <K ?@54GC2AB2C5< =5AG0ABL5; => ?@>AB>5 >6840=85 =03@04K 5I5 =5 5ABL A0<>4>2>;LAB2>, 0 ?@542845=85 =5AG0ABLO =5 O2;O5BAO >BG0O=85<, 81> C :064>3> 87 =0A 8<55BAO 5I5 =5:>B>@K9 ?>AB>O==K9 A@54=89 B>= A0<>GC2AB28O, A>25@H5==> =5 7028AOI89 >B =0H8E >1J5:B82=KE >A=>20=89 1KBL 4>2>;L=K<8 8;8 =54>2>;L=K<8. "0:8< >1@07><, G5;>25:, ?>AB02;5==K9 2 25AL<0 =51;03>?@8OB=K5 CA;>28O 687=8, <>65B ?@51K20BL 2 =52>7<CB8<>< A0<>4>2>;LAB25, 0 G5;>25:, :>B>@K9 2K7K205B 2A5>1I55 C2065=85 8 CA?5E :>B>@>3> 2 687=8 >15A?5G5=, <>65B 4> :>=F0 8A?KBK20BL =54>25@85 : A2>8< A8;0<. ?@>G5<, <>6=> A:070BL, GB> =>@<0;L=K< 2>71C48B5;5< A0<>GC2AB28O O2;O5BAO 4;O G5;>25:0 53> 1;03>?@8OB=>5 8;8 =51;03>?@8OB=>5 ?>;>65=85 2 A25B5 - 53> CA?5E 8;8 =5CA?5E. '5;>25:, M<?8@8G5A:0O ;8G=>ABL :>B>@>3> 8<55B H8@>:85 ?@545;K, :>B>@K9 A ?><>ILN A>1AB25==KE A8; 2A5340 4>AB830; CA?5E0, ;8G=>ABL A 2KA>:8< ?>;>65=85< 2 >1I5AB25, >15A?5G5==0O <0B5@80;L=>, >:@C65==0O 4@C7LO<8, ?>;L7CNI0OAO A;02>9, 5420 ;8 1C45B A:;>==0 ?>44020BLAO AB@0H=K< A><=5=8O<, 5420 ;8 1C45B >B=>A8BLAO : A2>8< A8;0< A B5< =54>25@85<, A :0:8< >=0 >B=>A8;0AL : =8< 2 N=>AB8. (" 0725 O =5 27@0AB8;0 A04K 25;8:>3> 028;>=0?") 564C B5< ;8F>, ?>B5@?52H55 =5A:>;L:> =5C40G >4=C 70 4@C3>9, ?0405B 4CE>< =0 ?>;>28=5 68B59A:>9 4>@>38, ?@>=8:05BAO 1>;57=5==>9 =5C25@5==>ABLN 2 A0<>< A515 8 >BABC?05B ?5@54 ?>?KB:0<8, 2>2A5 =5 ?@52>AE>4OI8<8 53> A8;K. 'C2AB20 A0<>4>2>;LAB20 8 C=865=8O >4=>3> @>40 - 8E <>6=> AG8B0BL ?5@28G=K<8 2840<8 M<>F89 =0@O4C, =0?@8<5@, A 3=52>< 8 1>;LN. 064>5 87 =8E A2>5>1@07=> >B@0605BAO =0 =0H59 D878>=><88. @8 A0<>4>2>;LAB25 8==5@28@CNBAO @073810NI85 <KHFK, 3;070 ?@8=8<0NB C25@5==>5 8 B>@65AB2CNI55 2K@065=85, ?>E>4:0 AB0=>28BAO 1>4@>9 8 =5A:>;L:> ?>:0G820NI59AO, =>74@8 @0AH8@ONBAO 8 A2>5>1@07=0O C;K1:0 83@05B =0 3C10E. AO A>2>:C?=>ABL 2=5H=8E B5;5A=KE 2K@065=89 A0<>4>2>;LAB20 2 A0<>< :@09=5< ?@>O2;5=88 =01;N405BAO 2 4><0E C<0;8H5==KE, 345 2A5340 <>6=> =09B8 ;8F, 1C:20;L=> ?><5H0==KE =0 A>1AB25==>< 25;8G88; 8E A0<>4>2>;L=0O =0@C6=>ABL 8 G20==0O ?>E>4:0 A>AB02;ONB ?5G0;L=K9 :>=B@0AB A ?>;=K< >BACBAB285< 2AO:8E ;8G=KE G5;>25G5A:8E 4>AB>8=AB2.  MB8E 65 "70<:0E >BG0O=8O" <K <>65< 2AB@5B8BL O@:89 >1@075F ?@>B82>?>;>6=>3> B8?0  4>1@O:0, 2>>1@060NI53>, GB> >= A>25@H8; A<5@B=K9 3@5E 8 =025: 703C18; A2>N 4CHC. -B> B8? C=865==> ?@5A<K:0NI89AO, C:;>=ONI89AO >B ?>AB>@>==8E =01;N45=89, =5 A<5NI89 A =0<8 3@><:> 3>2>@8BL 8 3;O45BL =0< ?@O<> 2 3;070. @>B82>?>;>6=K5 GC2AB20, ?>4>1=K5 AB@0EC 8 3=52C, ?@8 0=0;>38G=KE ?0B>;>38G5A:8E CA;>28OE <>3CB 2>7=8:0BL 157 2AO:>9 2=5H=59 ?@8G8=K. 7 5654=52=>3> >?KB0 =0< 8725AB=>, 2 :0:>9 <5@5 10@><5B@ =0H59 A0<>>F5=:8 8 4>25@8O : A515 ?>4=8<05BAO 8 ?0405B 2 7028A8<>AB8 A:>@55 >B G8AB> >@30=8G5A:8E, G5< >B @0F8>=0;L=KE ?@8G8=, ?@8G5< MB8 87<5=5=8O 2 =0H8E AC1J5:B82=KE ?>:070=8OE =8<0;> =5 A>>B25BAB2CNB 87<5=5=8O< 2 >F5=:5 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 A> AB>@>=K 4@C759. 01>BK > A515 8 A0<>A>E@0=5=85. >4 MB> ?>=OB85 ?>4E>48B 7=0G8B5;L=K9 :;0AA =0H8E >A=>2=KE 8=AB8=:B82=KE ?>1C645=89. !N40 >B=>A8BAO B5;5A=>5, A>F80;L=>5 8 4CE>2=>5 A0<>A>E@0=5=85. 01>BK > D878G5A:>9 ;8G=>AB8. A5 F5;5A>>1@07=>-@5D;5:B>@=K5 459AB28O 8 42865=8O ?8B0=8O 8 70I8BK A>AB02;ONB 0:BK B5;5A=>3> A0<>A>E@0=5=8O. >4>1=K< 65 >1@07>< AB@0E 8 3=52 2K7K20NB F5;5A>>1@07=>5 42865=85. A;8 ?>4 701>B0<8 > A515 <K CA;>28<AO @07C<5BL ?@542845=85 1C4CI53> 2 >B;8G85 >B A0<>A>E@0=5=8O 2 =0AB>OI5<, B> <K <>65< >B=5AB8 3=52 8 AB@0E : 8=AB8=:B0<, ?>1C640NI8< =0A >E>B8BLAO, 8A:0BL ?@>?8B0=85, AB@>8BL 68;8I0, 45;0BL ?>;57=K5 >@C48O 8 701>B8BLAO > A2>5< >@30=87<5. ?@>G5<, ?>A;54=85 8=AB8=:BK 2 A2O78 A GC2AB2>< ;N128, @>48B5;LA:>9 ?@82O70==>AB8, ;N1>7=0B5;L=>AB8 8 A>@52=>20=8O @0A?@>AB@0=ONBAO =5 B>;L:> =0 @0728B85 =0H59 B5;5A=>9 ;8G=>AB8, => 8 =0 2A5 =0H5 <0B5@80;L=>5 "O" 2 A0<>< H8@>:>< A<KA;5 A;>20. 0H8 701>BK > A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 2K@060NBAO =5?>A@54AB25==> 2 GC2AB25 ;N128 8 4@C61K, 2 65;0=88 >1@0I0BL =0 A51O 2=8<0=85 8 2K7K20BL 2 4@C38E 87C<;5=85, 2 GC2AB25 @52=>AB8, AB@5<;5=88 : A>?5@=8G5AB2C, 60645 A;02K, 2;8O=8O 8 2;0AB8; :>A25==K< >1@07>< >=8 ?@>O2;ONBAO 2> 2A5E ?>1C645=8OE : <0B5@80;L=K< 701>B0< > A515, ?>A:>;L:C ?>A;54=85 <>3CB A;C68BL A@54AB2>< : >ACI5AB2;5=8N >1I5AB25==KE F5;59. 53:> 2845BL, GB> =5?>A@54AB25==K5 ?>1C645=8O 701>B8BLAO > A2>59 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 A2>4OBAO : ?@>ABK< 8=AB8=:B0<.  AB@5<;5=88 >1@0I0BL =0 A51O 2=8<0=85 4@C38E E0@0:B5@=> B>, GB> 53> 8=B5=A82=>ABL =8A:>;L:> =5 7028A8B >B F5==>AB8 4>AB>9=KE 2=8<0=8O 70A;C3 40==>3> ;8F0, F5==>AB8, :>B>@0O 1K;0 1K 2K@065=0 2 A:>;L:>-=81C4L >AO70B5;L=>9 8;8 @07C<=>9 D>@<5. K 87 A8; 2K18205<AO, GB>1K ?>;CG8BL ?@83;0H5=85 2 4><, 345 1K205B 1>;LH>5 >1I5AB2>, GB>1K ?@8 C?><8=0=88 > :0:><-=81C4L 87 2845==KE =0<8 3>AB59 8<5BL 2>7<>6=>ABL A:070BL: " O 53> E>@>H> 7=0N!" - 8 @0A:;0=820BLAO =0 C;8F5 GCBL =5 A ?>;>28=>N 2AB@5G=KE. >=5G=>, =0< 2A53> ?@8OB=55 8<5BL 4@C759, 2K40NI8EAO ?> @0=3C 8;8 4>AB>8=AB20<, 8 2K7K20BL 2 4@C38E 2>AB>@65==>5 ?>:;>=5=85. "5::5@59 2 >4=>< 87 @><0=>2 ?@>A8B G8B0B5;59 A>7=0BLAO >B:@>25==>, =5 4>AB028B ;8 :064><C 87 =8E >A>15==>3> C4>2>;LAB28O ?@>3C;:0 ?> C;8F5 Pall Mall A 42C<O 35@F>30<8 ?>4 @CG:C. >, =5 8<5O 35@F>3>2 2 :@C3C A2>8E 7=0:><KE 8 =5 A;KH0 3C;0 7028AB;82KE 3>;>A>2, <K =5 C?CA:05< 8 <5=55 7=0G8B5;L=KE A;CG052 >1@0B8BL =0 A51O 2=8<0=85. ABL AB@0AB=K5 ;N18B5;8 ?@54020BL A2>5 8<O 3;0A=>AB8 2 3075B0E - 8< 2A5 @02=>, 2 :0:CN 3075B=CN @C1@8:C ?>?045B 8E 8<O, 2 @07@O4 ;8 ?@81K2H8E 8 2K1K2H8E, G0AB=KE >1JO2;5=89, 8=B5@2LN 8;8 3>@>4A:8E A?;5B5=; 70 =54>AB0B:>< ;CGH53> >=8 =5 ?@>GL ?>?0ABL 4065 2 E@>=8:C A:0=40;>2. 0B>;>38G5A:8< ?@8<5@>< :@09=53> AB@5<;5=8O : ?5G0B=>9 3;0A=>AB8 <>65B A;C68BL 8B>, C189F0 ?@57845=B0 0@D8;L40. #<AB25==K9 3>@87>=B 8B> =5 2KE>48; 87 3075B=>9 AD5@K.  ?@54A<5@B=>9 <>;8B25 MB>3> =5AG0AB=>3> >4=8< 87 8A:@5==59H8E 2K@065=89 1K;> A;54CNI55: "45H=OO 3075B=0O ?@5AA0 2 >B25B5 ?@54 ">1>9, >A?>48". 5 B>;L:> ;N48, => <5AB=>ABL 8 ?@54<5BK, E>@>H> 7=0:><K5 <=5, 2 8725AB=>< <5B0D>@8G5A:>< A<KA;5, @0AH8@ONB <>5 A>F80;L=>5 "O". "Ga me connait" (>=> <5=O 7=05B), - 3>2>@8; >48= D@0=FC7A:89 @01>B=8:, C:07K20O =0 8=AB@C<5=B, :>B>@K< 2;045; 2 A>25@H5=AB25. 8F0, <=5=85< :>B>@KE <K 2>2A5 =5 4>@>68<, O2;ONBAO 2 B> 65 2@5<O 8=482840<8, 2=8<0=85< :>B>@KE <K =5 1@573C5<. 5 >48= 25;8:89 G5;>25:, =5 >4=0 65=I8=0, @071>@G820O 2> 2A5E >B=>H5=8OE, A B@C4>< >B25@3=CB 2=8<0=85 =8GB>6=>3> D@0=B0, ;8G=>ABL :>B>@>3> >=8 ?@578@0NB >B G8AB>3> A5@4F0.  @C1@8:C ">?5G5=85 > 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>AB8" A;54C5B >B=5AB8 2AN A>2>:C?=>ABL AB@5<;5=88 : 4CE>2=><C ?@>3@5AAC - C<AB25==><C, =@02AB25==><C 8 4CE>2=><C 2 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20. ?@>G5<, =5>1E>48<> 4>?CAB8BL, GB> B0: =07K205<K5 701>BK > A2>59 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>AB8 ?@54AB02;ONB 2 MB>< 1>;55 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20 ;8HL 701>BC > <0B5@80;L=>9 8 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 2 703@>1=>9 687=8.  AB@5<;5=88 <03><5B0=8=0 ?>?0ABL 2 @09 8;8 2 65;0=88 E@8AB80=8=0 87153=CBL <C: 040 <0B5@80;L=>ABL 65;05<KE 1;03 A0<0 A>1>9 >G5284=0. ! 1>;55 ?>;>68B5;L=>9 8 CB>=G5==>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O =0 1C4CICN 687=L <=>385 87 55 1;03 (A>>1I5AB2> A CA>?H8<8 @>4=K<8 8 A2OBK<8 8 A>?@8ACBAB285 >65AB20) ACBL ;8HL A>F80;L=K5 1;030 =082KAH53> ?>@O4:0. ">;L:> AB@5<;5=85 : 8A:C?;5=8N 2=CB@5==59 (3@5E>2=>9) ?@8@>4K 4CH8, : 4>AB865=8N 55 1573@5H=>9 G8AB>BK 2 MB>9 8;8 1C4CI59 687=8 <>3CB AG8B0BLAO 701>B0<8 > 4CE>2=>9 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 2 55 G8AB59H5< 2845. 0H H8@>:89 2=5H=89 >17>@ D0:B>2, =01;N405<KE 8 687=8 ;8G=>AB8, 1K; 1K =5?>;>=, 5A;8 1K <K =5 2KOA=8;8 2>?@>A0 > A>?5@=8G5AB25 8 AB>;:=>25=8OE <564C >B45;L=K<8 55 AB>@>=0<8. $878G5A:0O ?@8@>40 >3@0=8G8205B =0H 2K1>@ >4=8<8 87 <=>3>G8A;5==KE ?@54AB02;ONI8EAO =0< 8 65;05<KE =0<8 1;03, B>B 65 D0:B =01;N405BAO 8 2 40==>9 >1;0AB8 O2;5=89. A;8 1K B>;L:> 1K;> 2>7<>6=>, B> C6, :>=5G=>, =8:B> 87 =0A =5 >B:070;AO 1K 1KBL A@07C :@0A82K<, 74>@>2K<, ?@5:@0A=> >45BK< G5;>25:><, 25;8:8< A8;0G><, 1>30G><, 8<5NI8< <8;;8>==K9 3>4>2>9 4>E>4, >AB@O:><, 1>=2820=><, ?>:>@8B5;5< 40<A:8E A5@45F 8 2 B> 65 2@5<O D8;>A>D><, D8;0=B@>?><, 3>AC40@AB25==K< 45OB5;5<, 2>5=0G0;L=8:><, 8AA;54>20B5;5< D@8:8, <>4=K< ?>MB>< 8 A2OBK< G5;>25:><. > MB> @5H8B5;L=> =52>7<>6=>. 5OB5;L=>ABL <8;;8>=5@0 =5 <8@8BAO A 8450;>< A2OB>3>; D8;0=B@>? 8 1>=2820= - ?>=OB8O =5A>2<5AB8<K5; 4CH0 D8;>A>D0 =5 C68205BAO A 4CH>9 A5@4F5540 2 >4=>9 B5;5A=>9 >1>;>G:5. =5H=8< >1@07>< B0:85 @07;8G=K5 E0@0:B5@K :0: 1C4B> 8 2 A0<>< 45;5 A>2<5AB8<K 2 >4=>< G5;>25:5. > AB>8B 459AB28B5;L=> @0728BL >4=> 87 A2>9AB2 E0@0:B5@0, GB>1K >=> B>BG0A 703;CH8;> 4@C385. '5;>25: 4>;65= BI0B5;L=> @0AA<>B@5BL @07;8G=K5 AB>@>=K A2>59 ;8G=>AB8, GB>1K 8A:0BL A?0A5=8O 2 @0728B88 3;C1>G09H59, A8;L=59H59 AB>@>=K A2>53> "O". A5 4@C385 AB>@>=K =0H53> "O" ?@87@0G=K, B>;L:> >4=0 87 =8E 8<55B @50;L=>5 >A=>20=85 2 =0H5< E0@0:B5@5, 8 ?>B><C 55 @0728B85 >15A?5G5=>. 5C40G8 2 @0728B88 MB>9 AB>@>=K E0@0:B5@0 ACBL 459AB28B5;L=K5 =5C40G8, 2K7K20NI85 ABK4, 0 CA?5E - =0AB>OI89 CA?5E, ?@8=>AOI89 =0< 8AB8==CN @04>ABL. -B>B D0:B <>65B A;C68BL ?@5:@0A=K< ?@8<5@>< C<AB25==KE CA8;89 2K1>@0, =0 :>B>@K5 O 2KH5 =0AB>9G82> C:07K20;. @5645 G5< >ACI5AB28BL 2K1>@, =0H0 <KA;L :>;51;5BAO <564C =5A:>;L:8<8 @07;8G=K<8 25I0<8; 2 40==>< A;CG05 >=0 2K18@05B >4=C 87 <=>3>G8A;5==KE AB>@>= =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 8;8 =0H53> E0@0:B5@0, ?>A;5 G53> <K =5 GC2AB2C5< ABK40, ?>B5@?52 =5C40GC 2 G5<-=81C4L, =5 8<5NI5< >B=>H5=8O : B><C A2>9AB2C =0H53> E0@0:B5@0, :>B>@>5 >AB0=>28;> 8A:;NG8B5;L=> =0 A515 =0H5 2=8<0=85. BAN40 ?>=OB5= ?0@04>:A0;L=K9 @0AA:07 > G5;>25:5, ?@8ABK65==>< 4> A<5@B8 B5<, GB> >= >:070;AO =5 ?5@2K<, 0 2B>@K< 2 <8@5 1>:A5@>< 8;8 3@51F><. 'B> >= <>65B ?>1>@>BL ;N1>3> G5;>25:0 2 <8@5, :@><5 >4=>3>, - MB> 4;O =53> =8G53> =5 7=0G8B: ?>:0 >= =5 >4>;55B ?5@2>3> 2 A>ABO70=88, =8GB> =5 ?@8=8<05BAO 8< 2 @0AG5B. = 2 A>1AB25==KE 3;070E :0: 1K =5 ACI5AB2C5B. "I54CH=K9 G5;>25:, :>B>@>3> 2AO:89 <>65B ?>18BL, =5 >3>@G05BAO 87-70 A2>59 D878G5A:>9 =5<>I8, 81> >= 402=> >AB028; 2AO:85 ?>?KB:8 : @0728B8N MB>9 AB>@>=K ;8G=>AB8. 57 ?>?KB>: =5 <>65B 1KBL =5C40G8, 157 =5C40G8 =5 <>65B 1KBL ?>7>@0. "0:8< >1@07><, =0H5 4>2>;LAB2> A>1>9 2 687=8 >1CA;>2;5=> 2A5F5;> B5<, : :0:><C 45;C <K A51O ?@54=07=0G8<. !0<>C2065=85 >?@545;O5BAO >B=>H5=85< =0H8E 459AB28B5;L=KE A?>A>1=>AB59 : ?>B5=F80;L=K<, ?@54?>;0305<K< - 4@>1LN, 2 :>B>@>9 G8A;8B5;L 2K@0605B =0H 459AB28B5;L=K9 CA?5E, 0 7=0<5=0B5;L =0H8 ?@8BO70=8O: #A?5E @8BO70=8O @8 C25;8G5=88 G8A;8B5;O 8;8 C<5=LH5=88 7=0<5=0B5;O 4@>1L 1C45B 2>7@0AB0BL. B:07 >B ?@8BO70=89 405B =0< B0:>5 65 65;0==>5 >1;53G5=85, :0: 8 >ACI5AB2;5=85 8E =0 45;5, 8 >B:07K20BLAO >B ?@8BO70=8O 1C4CB 2A5340 2 B>< A;CG05, :>340 @07>G0@>20=8O 15A?@5AB0==K, 0 1>@L15 =5 ?@542848BAO 8AE>40. !0<K9 O@:89 87 2>7<>6=KE ?@8<5@>2 MB>3> 405B 8AB>@8O 520=35;LA:>9 B5>;>388, 345 <K =0E>48< C15645=85 2 3@5E>2=>AB8, >BG0O=85 2 A>1AB25==KE A8;0E 8 ?>B5@N =04564K =0 2>7<>6=>ABL A?0AB8AL >4=8<8 4>1@K<8 45;0<8. > ?>4>1=K5 65 ?@8<5@K <>6=> 2AB@5B8BL 8 2 687=8 =0 :064>< H03C. '5;>25:, ?>=O2H89, GB> 53> =8GB>65AB2> 2 :0:>9-B> >1;0AB8 =5 >AB02;O5B 4;O 4@C38E =8:0:8E A><=5=89, GC2AB2C5B AB@0==>5 A5@45G=>5 >1;53G5=85. 5C<>;8<>5 "=5B", ?>;=K9, @5H8B5;L=K9 >B:07 2;N1;5==><C G5;>25:C :0: 1C4B> C<5@ONB 53> 3>@5GL ?@8 <KA;8 > ?>B5@5 ;N18<>9 >A>1K. =>385 68B5;8 >AB>=0, crede experto (25@L B><C, :B> 8A?KB0;) (1>NAL, GB> B> 65 <>6=> A:070BL 8 > 68B5;OE 4@C38E 3>@>4>2), <>3;8 1K A ;53:8< A5@4F5< >B:070BLAO >B A2>53> <C7K:0;L=>3> "O", GB>1K 8<5BL 2>7<>6=>ABL 157 ABK40 A<5H820BL =01>@ 72C:>2 A A8<D>=859. 0: ?@8OB=> 1K205B 8=>340 >B:070BLAO >B ?@8BO70=89 :070BLAO <>;>4K< 8 AB@>9=K<! "!;020 >3C, - 3>2>@8< <K 2 B0:8E A;CG0OE, - MB8 8;;N788 <8=>20;8!" AO:>5 @0AH8@5=85 =0H53> "O" A>AB02;O5B ;8H=55 1@5<O 8 ;8H=55 ?@8BO70=85. @> =5:>53> 3>A?>48=0, :>B>@K9 2 ?>A;54=NN 0<5@8:0=A:CN 2>9=C ?>B5@O; 2A5 A2>5 A>AB>O=85 4> ?>A;54=53> F5=B0, @0AA:07K20NB: A45;02H8AL =8I8<, >= 1C:20;L=> 20;O;AO 2 3@O78, => C25@O;, GB> =8:>340 5I5 =5 GC2AB2>20; A51O 1>;55 AG0AB;82K< 8 A2>1>4=K<. 0H5 A0<>GC2AB285, ?>2B>@ON, 7028A8B >B =0A A0<8E. "@8@02=O9 A2>8 ?@8BO70=8O : =C;N, - 3>2>@8B 0@;59;L,  8 F5;K9 <8@ 1C45B C =>3 B2>8E. !?@0254;82> ?8A0; <C4@59H89 G5;>25: =0H53> 2@5<5=8, GB> 687=L =0G8=05BAO B>;L:> A <><5=B0 >B@5G5=8O". 8 C3@>7K, =8 C25I0=8O =5 <>3CB 2>7459AB2>20BL =0 G5;>25:0, 5A;8 >=8 =5 70B@03820NB >4=>9 87 2>7<>6=KE 2 1C4CI5< 8;8 =0AB>OI8E AB>@>= 53> ;8G=>AB8. >>1I5 3>2>@O, B>;L:> 2>7459AB285< =0 MBC ;8G=>ABL <K <>65< 702;045BL GC6>9 2>;59. >MB><C 206=59H0O 701>B0 <>=0@E>2, 48?;><0B>2 8 2>>1I5 2A5E AB@5<OI8EAO : 2;0AB8 8 2;8O=8N 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, GB>1K =09B8 C 8E "65@B2K" A8;L=59H89 ?@8=F8? A0<>C2065=8O 8 A45;0BL 2>7459AB285 =0 =53> A2>59 :>=5G=>9 F5;LN. > 5A;8 G5;>25: >B:070;AO >B B>3>, GB> 7028A8B >B 2>;8 4@C3>3>, 8 ?5@5AB0; A<>B@5BL =0 2A5 MB> :0: =0 G0AB8 A2>59 ;8G=>AB8, B> <K AB0=>28<AO ?>GB8 A>25@H5==> 15AA8;L=K 2;8OBL =0 =53>. !B>8G5A:>5 ?@028;> AG0ABLO 70:;NG0;>AL 2 B><, GB>1K 70@0=55 AG8B0BL A51O ;8H5==K<8 2A53> B>3>, GB> 7028A8B =5 >B =0H59 2>;8,  B>340 C40@K AC4L1K AB0=CB =5GC2AB28B5;L=K<8. -?8:B5B A>25BC5B =0< A45;0BL =0HC ;8G=>ABL =5CO728<>9, AC6820O 55 A>45@60=85 8 2 B> 65 2@5<O, C:@5?;OO 55 CAB>9G82>ABL: "/ 4>;65= C<5@5BL - E>@>H>, => 4>;65= ;8 O C<8@0BL, =5?@5<5==> 60;COAL =0 A2>N AC4L1C? / 1C4C >B:@KB> 3>2>@8BL ?@024C, 8, 5A;8 B8@0= A:065B: "0 B2>8 @5G8 BK 4>AB>8= A<5@B8", - O >B25GC 5<C: ">2>@8; ;8 O B515 :>340-=81C4L, GB> O 15AA<5@B5=? "K 1C45HL 45;0BL A2>5 45;>, 0 O - A2>5: B2>5 45;> - :07=8BL, 0 <>5 - C<8@0BL 15AAB@0H=>; B2>5 45;> - 873>=OBL, 0 <>5 - 15AB@5?5B=> C40;OBLAO. 0: <K ?>ABC?05<, :>340 >B?@02;O5<AO 2 <>@A:>5 ?CB5H5AB285? K 2K18@05< :>@<G53> 8 <0B@>A>2, =07=0G05< 2@5<O >BJ5740. 0 4>@>35 =0A 70AB8305B 1C@O.  G5< 65 4>;6=K 2 B0:>< A;CG05 A>AB>OBL =0H8 701>BK? 0H0 @>;L C65 2K?>;=5=0. 0;L=59H85 >1O70==>AB8 ;560B =0 :>@<G5<. > :>@01;L B>=5B. 'B> =0< 45;0BL? ">;L:> >4=>, GB> 2>7<>6=>,  15AAB@0H=> 640BL 3815;8, 157 :@8:0, 157 @>?>B0 =0 >30, E>@>H> 7=0O, GB> 2AO:89, :B> @>48;AO, 4>;65= :>340-=81C4L 8 C<5@5BL".  A2>5 2@5<O, 2 A2>5< <5AB5 MB0 AB>8G5A:0O B>G:0 7@5=8O <>3;0 1KBL 4>AB0B>G=> ?>;57=>9 8 35@>8G5A:>9, => =04> ?@87=0BLAO, GB> >=0 2>7<>6=0 B>;L:> ?@8 ?>AB>O==>9 =0:;>==>AB8 4CH8 : @0728B8N C7:8E 8 =5A8<?0B8G=KE G5@B E0@0:B5@0. !B>8: 459AB2C5B ?CB5< A0<>>3@0=8G5=8O. A;8 O AB>8:, B> 1;030, :0:85 O <>3 1K A515 ?@8A2>8BL, ?5@5AB0NB 1KBL <>8<8 1;030<8, 8 2> <=5 O2;O5BAO =0:;>==>ABL 2>>1I5 >B@8F0BL 70 =8<8 7=0G5=85 :0:8E 1K B> =8 1K;> 1;03. -B>B A?>A>1 >:07K20BL ?>445@6:C A2>5<C "O" ?CB5< >B@5G5=8O, >B:07 >B 1;03 25AL<0 >1KG5= A@548 ;8F, :>B>@KE 2 4@C38E >B=>H5=8OE =8:0: =5;L7O =0720BL AB>8:0<8. A5 C7:85 ;N48 >3@0=8G820NB A2>N ;8G=>ABL, >B45;ONB >B =55 2A5 B>, G5< >=8 ?@>G=> =5 2;045NB. =8 A<>B@OB A E>;>4=K< ?@5=51@565=85< (5A;8 =5 A =0AB>OI59 =5=028ABLN) =0 ;N459 =5?>E>68E =0 =8E 8;8 =5 ?>440NI8EAO 8E 2;8O=8N, E>BO 1K MB8 ;N48 >1;040;8 25;8:8<8 4>AB>8=AB20<8. "B> =5 70 <5=O, B>B 4;O <5=O =5 ACI5AB2C5B, B. 5. =0A:>;L:> >B <5=O 7028A8B, O AB0@0NAL 459AB2>20BL B0:, :0: 1C4B> >= 4;O <5=O 2>2A5 =5 ACI5AB2>20;", B0:8< ?CB5< AB@>3>ABL 8 >?@545;5==>ABL 3@0=8F ;8G=>AB8 <>3CB 2>7=03@048BL 70 A:C4>ABL 55 A>45@60=8O. -:A?0=A82=K5 ;N48 459AB2CNB =0>1>@>B: ?CB5< @0AH8@5=8O A2>59 ;8G=>AB8 8 ?@8>1I5=8O : =59 4@C38E. @0=8FK 8E ;8G=>AB8 G0AB> 1K20NB 4>2>;L=> =5>?@545;5==K, => 70B> 1>30BAB2> 55 A>45@60=8O A 871KB:>< 2>7=03@06405B 8E 70 MB>. Nihil hunnanum a me alienum puto (=8GB> G5;>25G5A:>5 <=5 =5 GC64>). "CABL ?@578@0NB <>N A:@><=CN ;8G=>ABL, ?CABL >1@0I0NBAO A> <=>N, :0: A A>10:>9; ?>:0 5ABL 4CH0 2 <>5< B5;5, O =5 1C4C 8E >B25@30BL. =8 - B0:85 65 @50;L=>AB8, :0: 8 O. A5, GB> 2 =8E 5ABL 459AB28B5;L=> E>@>H53>, ?CABL 1C45B 4>AB>O=85< <>59 ;8G=>AB8". 5;8:>4CH85 MB8E M:A?0=A82=KE =0BC@ 8=>340 1K205B ?>8AB8=5 B@>30B5;L=>. "0:85 ;8F0 A?>A>1=K 8A?KBK20BL A2>5>1@07=>5 B>=:>5 GC2AB2> 2>AE8I5=8O ?@8 <KA;8, GB>, =5A<>B@O =0 1>;57=L, =5?@82;5:0B5;L=CN 2=5H=>ABL, ?;>E85 CA;>28O 687=8, =5A<>B@O =0 >1I55 : =8< ?@5=51@565=85, >=8 2A5-B0:8 A>AB02;ONB =5>B45;8<CN G0ABL <8@0 1>4@KE ;N459, 8<5NB B>20@8I5A:CN 4>;N 2 A8;5 ;><>2KE ;>H0459, 2 AG0ABL5 N=>AB8, 2 <C4@>AB8 <C4@KE 8 =5 ;8H5=K =5:>B>@>9 4>;8 2 ?>;L7>20=88 1>30BAB20<8 0=45@18;L4B>2 8 4065 A0<8E >35=-F>;;5@=>2. "0:8< >1@07><, B> AC6820OAL, B> @0AH8@OOAL, =0H5 M<?8@8G5A:>5 "O" ?KB05BAO CB25@48BLAO 2> 2=5H=5< <8@5. ">B, :B> <>65B 2>A:;8:=CBL 2<5AB5 A 0@:>< 2@5;85<: ", A5;5==0O! A5, GB> BK 65;05HL, B> 8 O 65;0N!", 8<55B ;8G=>ABL, 87 :>B>@>9 C40;5=> 4> ?>A;54=59 G5@BK 2A5, >3@0=8G820NI55, AC6820NI55 55 A>45@60=85 - A>45@60=85 B0:>9 ;8G=>AB8 2A5>1J5<;NI5. 5@0@E8O ;8G=>AB59. !>3;0A=> ?>GB8 548=>4CH=> ?@8=OB><C <=5=8N, @07;8G=K5 284K ;8G=>AB59, :>B>@K5 <>3CB 70:;NG0BLAO 2 >4=>< G5;>25:5, 8 2 A2O78 A MB8< @07;8G=K5 284K A0<>C2065=8O G5;>25:0 <>6=> ?@54AB028BL 2 D>@<5 85@0@E8G5A:>9 H:0;K A D878G5A:>9 ;8G=>ABLN 2=87C, 4CE>2=>9 - =025@EC 8 @07;8G=K<8 2840<8 <0B5@80;L=KE (=0E>4OI8EAO 2=5 =0H53> B5;0) 8 A>F80;L=KE ;8G=>AB59 2 ?@><56CB:5. '0AB> ?@8@>4=0O =0:;>==>ABL 701>B8BLAO > A515 2K7K205B 2 =0A AB@5<;5=85 @0AH8@OBL @07;8G=K5 AB>@>=K ;8G=>AB8; <K ?@54=0<5@5==> >B:07K205<AO >B @0728B8O 2 A515 ;8HL B>3>, 2 G5< =5 =0455<AO 4>AB83=CBL CA?5E0. "0:8<-B> >1@07>< =0H 0;LB@C87< O2;O5BAO "=5>1E>48<>9 4>1@>45B5;LN", 8 F8=8:8, >?8AK20O =0H ?@>3@5AA 2 >1;0AB8 <>@0;8, =5 A>2A5< 157 >A=>20=8O =0?><8=0NB ?@8 MB>< >1 8725AB=>9 10A=5 ?@> ;8AC 8 28=>3@04. > B0:>2 C6 E>4 =@02AB25==>3> @0728B8O G5;>25G5AB20, 8 5A;8 <K A>3;0A8<AO, GB> 2 8B>35 B5 284K ;8G=>AB59, :>B>@K5 <K 2 A>AB>O=88 C45@60BL 70 A>1>9, O2;ONBAO (4;O =0A) ;CGH8<8 ?> 2=CB@5==8< 4>AB>8=AB20<, B> C =0A =5 1C45B >A=>20=89 60;>20BLAO =0 B>, GB> <K ?>AB8305< 8E 2KAHCN F5==>ABL B0:8< BO3>AB=K< ?CB5<. >=5G=>, MB> =5 548=AB25==K9 ?CBL, =0 :>B>@>< <K CG8<AO ?>4G8=OBL =87H85 284K =0H8E ;8G=>AB59 2KAH8<.  MB>< ?>4G8=5=88, 15AA?>@=>, 83@05B 8725AB=CN @>;L MB8G5A:0O >F5=:0, 8, =0:>=5F, =5<0;>206=>5 7=0G5=85 8<5NB 745AL AC645=8O, 2KA:070==K5 =0<8 > ?>ABC?:0E 4@C38E ;8F. 4=8< 87 :C@L57=59H8E 70:>=>2 =0H59 (?A8E8G5A:>9) ?@8@>4K O2;O5BAO B> >1AB>OB5;LAB2>, GB> <K A C4>2>;LAB285< =01;N405< 2. A515 8725AB=K5 :0G5AB20, :>B>@K5 :06CBAO =0< >B2@0B8B5;L=K<8 C 4@C38E. 8 2 :>< =5 <>65B 2>71C48BL A8<?0B88 D878G5A:0O =5>?@OB=>ABL 8=>3> G5;>25:0, 53> 604=>ABL, G5AB>;N185, 2A?K;LG82>ABL, @52=>ABL, 45A?>B87< 8;8 70=>AG82>ABL. @54>AB02;5==K9 01A>;NB=> A0<><C A515, O, <>65B 1KBL, >E>B=> ?>72>;8; 1K @072820BLAO MB8< =0:;>==>ABO< 8 ;8HL A?CABO 4>;3>5 2@5<O >F5=8; ?>;>65=85, :>B>@>5 4>;6=0 70=8<0BL ?>4>1=0O ;8G=>ABL 2 @O4C 4@C38E. > B0: :0: <=5 ?>AB>O==> ?@8E>48BAO A>AB02;OBL AC645=8O > 4@C38E ;N4OE, B> O 2A:>@5 ?@8CG0NAL 2845BL 2 75@:0;5 GC68E AB@0AB59, :0: 2K@0605BAO >@28G, >B@065=85 <>8E A>1AB25==KE 8 =0G8=0N <KA;8BL > =8E A>25@H5==> 8=0G5, G5< 8E GC2AB2>20BL. @8 MB><, @07C<55BAO, =@02AB25==K5 ?@8=F8?K, 2=CH5==K5 A 45BAB20, G@572KG09=> CA:>@ONB 2 =0A ?>O2;5=85 =0:;>==>AB8 : @5D;5:A88. "0:8<-B> ?CB5< 8 ?>;CG05BAO, :0: <K A:070;8, B0 H:0;0, =0 :>B>@>9 ;N48 85@0@E8G5A:8 @0A?>;030NB @07;8G=K5 284K ;8G=>AB59 ?> 8E 4>AB>8=AB2C. 725AB=0O 4>;O B5;5A=>3> M3>87<0 O2;O5BAO =5>1E>48<>9 ?>4:;04:>9 4;O 2A5E 4@C38E 284>2 ;8G=>AB8. > GC2AB25==K9 M;5<5=B AB0@0NBAO ?@8C<5=LH8BL 8;8 2 ;CGH5< A;CG05 C@02=>25A8BL 4@C38<8 A2>9AB20<8 E0@0:B5@0. 0B5@80;L=K< 2840< ;8G=>AB59, 2 1>;55 H8@>:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, >B405BAO ?@54?>GB5=85 ?5@54 =5?>A@54AB25==>9 ;8G=>ABLN - B5;><. 0;:8< ACI5AB2>< ?>G8B05< <K B>3>, :B> =5 A?>A>15= ?>65@B2>20BL =51>;LH8< :>;8G5AB2>< ?8I8, ?8BLO 8;8 A=0 @048 >1I53> ?>4J5<0 A2>53> <0B5@80;L=>3> 1;03>A>AB>O=8O. !>F80;L=0O ;8G=>ABL 2 55 F5;>< AB>8B 2KH5 <0B5@80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 2 55 A>2>:C?=>AB8. K 4>;6=K 1>;55 4>@>68BL =0H59 G5ABLN, 4@C7LO<8 8 G5;>25G5A:8<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, G5< 74>@>2L5< 8 <0B5@80;L=K< 1;03>?>;CG85<. CE>2=0O 65 ;8G=>ABL 4>;6=0 1KBL 4;O G5;>25:0 2KAH8< A>:@>28I5<: <K 4>;6=K A:>@55 ?>65@B2>20BL 4@C7LO<8, 4>1@K< 8<5=5<, A>1AB25==>ABLN 8 4065 687=LN, G5< CB@0B8BL 4CE>2=K5 1;030 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8. > 2A5E 2840E =0H8E ;8G=>AB59 - D878G5A:><, A>F80;L=>< 8 4CE>2=>< - <K ?@>2>48< @07;8G85 <564C =5?>A@54AB25==K<, 459AB28B5;L=K<, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 8 1>;55 >B40;5==K<, ?>B5=F80;L=K<, A 4@C3>9, <564C 1>;55 1;87>@C:>9 8 1>;55 40;L=>284=>9 B>G:0<8 7@5=8O =0 25I8, 459AB2CO =0?5@5:>@ ?5@2>9 8 2 ?>;L7C ?>A;54=59. 048 >1I53> A>AB>O=8O 74>@>2LO =5>1E>48<> 65@B2>20BL <8=CB=K< C4>2>;LAB285< 2 =0AB>OI5<; =04> 2K?CAB8BL 87 @C: >48= 4>;;0@, 8<5O 2 284C ?>;CG8BL A>B=N; =04> ?>@20BL 4@C65A:85 A=>H5=8O A 8725AB=K< ;8F>< 2 =0AB>OI5<, 8<5O 2 284C ?@8 MB>< ?@8>1@5AB8 1>;55 4>AB>9=K9 :@C3 4@C759 2 1C4CI5<; ?@8E>48BAO ?@>83@K20BL 2 87OI5AB25, >AB@>C<88, CG5=>AB8, 401K =0456=55 ABO60BL A?0A5=85 4CH8. 7 MB8E 1>;55 H8@>:8E ?>B5=F80;L=KE 284>2 ;8G=>AB59 ?>B5=F80;L=0O >1I5AB25==0O ;8G=>ABL O2;O5BAO =081>;55 8=B5@5A=>9 2A;54AB285 =5:>B>@KE ?0@04>:A>2 8 2A;54AB285 55 B5A=>9 A2O78 A =@02AB25==>9 8 @5;838>7=>9 AB>@>=0<8 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8. A;8 ?> <>B820< G5AB8 8;8 A>25AB8 C <5=O E20B05B 4CEC >AC48BL <>N A5<LN, <>N ?0@B8N, :@C3 <>8E 1;87:8E; 5A;8 87 ?@>B5AB0=B0 O ?@52@0I0NAL 2 :0B>;8:0 8;8 87 :0B>;8:0 2 A2>1>4><KA;OI53>; 5A;8 87 ?@02>25@=>3> ?@0:B8:0-0;;>?0B0 O  AB0=>2;NAL 3><5>?0B>< 8;8 :0:8<-=81C4L 4@C38< A5:B0=B>< <548F8=K, B> 2> 2A5E ?>4>1=KE A;CG0OE O @02=>4CH=> ?5@5=>HC ?>B5@N =5:>B>@>9 4>;8 <>59 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8, >1>4@OO A51O <KA;LN, GB> <>3CB =09B8AL ;CGH85 >1I5AB25==K5 AC4L8 (=04> <=>9) A@02=8B5;L=> A B5<8, ?@83>2>@ :>B>@KE =0?@02;5= 2 40==CN <8=CBC ?@>B82 <5=O. ?5;;8@CO : @5H5=8N MB8E =>2KE AC459, O, 1KBL <>65B, 3>=NAL 70 25AL<0 40;5:8< 8 5420 4>AB868<K 8450;>< A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8. / =5 <>3C @0AAG8BK20BL =0 53> >ACI5AB2;5=85 ?@8 <>59 687=8: O <>3C 4065 >6840BL, GB> ?>A;54CNI85 ?>:>;5=8O, :>B>@K5 >4>1@8;8 1K <>9 >1@07 459AB289, 5A;8 1K >= 8< 1K; 8725AB5=, =8G53> =5 1C4CB 7=0BL > <>5< ACI5AB2>20=88 ?>A;5 <>59 A<5@B8. "5< =5 <5=55 GC2AB2>, C2;5:0NI55 <5=O, 5ABL, 15AA?>@=>, AB@5<;5=85 =09B8 8450; A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8, B0:>9 8450;, :>B>@K9, ?> :@09=59 <5@5 70A;C6820; 1K >4>1@5=85 A> AB>@>=K AB@>609H53>, :0:>9 B>;L:> 2>7<>65=, AC4L8, 5A;8 1K B0:>2>9 1K; =0;8F>. -B>B 284 ;8G=>AB8 8 5ABL >:>=G0B5;L=K9, =081>;55 CAB>9G82K9, 8AB8==K9 8 8=B8<=K9 ?@54<5B <>8E AB@5<;5=89. -B>B AC4LO  >3, 1A>;NB=K9 07C<, 5;8:89 !?CB=8:.  =0H5 2@5<O =0CG=>3> ?@>A25I5=8O ?@>8AE>48B =5<0;> A?>@>2 ?> 2>?@>AC > 459AB25==>AB8 <>;8B2K, ?@8G5< 2KAB02;O5BAO <=>3> >A=>20=89 pro 8 contra. > ?@8 MB>< ?>GB8 =5 70B@038205BAO 2>?@>A > B><, ?>G5<C 8<5==>< <K <>;8<AO, =0 GB> =5 B@C4=> >B25B8BL AAK;:>9 =0 =5C45@68<CN ?>B@51=>ABL <>;8BLAO. 5 ;8H5=> 25@>OB8O, GB> ;N48 B0: 459AB2CNB =0?5@5:>@ =0C:5 8 =0 2A5 1C4CI55 2@5<O 1C4CB ?@>4>;60BL <>;8BLAO, ?>:0 =5 87<5=8BAO 8E ?A8E8G5A:0O ?@8@>40, G53> <K =5 8<55< =8:0:8E >A=>20=89 >6840BL. (& ( A5 A>25@H5=AB2>20=85 A>F80;L=>9 ;8G=>AB8 70:;NG05BAO 2 70<5=5 =87H53> AC40 =04 A>1>9 2KAH8<; 2 ;8F5 5@E>2=>3> !C488 8450;L=K9 B@81C=0; ?@54AB02;O5BAO =082KAH8<; 8 1>;LH8=AB2> ;N459 8;8 ?>AB>O==>, 8;8 2 8725AB=KE A;CG0OE 687=8 >1@0I0NBAO : MB><C 5@E>2=><C !C488. >A;54=55 8AG0485 @>40 G5;>25G5A:>3> <>65B B0:8< ?CB5< AB@5<8BLAO : 2KAH59 =@02AB25==>9 A0<>>F5=:5, <>65B ?@87=0BL 70 A>1>9 8725AB=CN A8;C, 8725AB=>5 ?@02> =0 ACI5AB2>20=85. ;O 1>;LH8=AB20 87 =0A <8@ 157 2=CB@5==53> C1568I0 2 <8=CBC ?>;=>9 CB@0BK 2A5E 2=5H=8E A>F80;L=KE ;8G=>AB59 1K; 1K :0:>9-B> C60A=>9 1574=>9. / 3>2>@N  4;O 1>;LH8=AB20 87 =0A , 81> 8=48284K, 25@>OB=>, 25AL<0 @07;8G0NBAO ?> AB5?5=8 GC2AB2, :0:85 >=8 A?>A>1=K ?5@56820BL ?> >B=>H5=8N : 450;L=><C !CI5AB2C.  A>7=0=88 >4=8E ;8F MB8 GC2AB20 83@0NB 1>;55 ACI5AB25==CN @>;L, G5< 2 A>7=0=88 4@C38E. 081>;55 >40@5==K5 MB8<8 GC2AB20<8 ;N48, =025@=>5, =081>;55 @5;838>7=K. > O C25@5=, GB> 4065 B5, :>B>@K5 CB25@640NB, 1C4B> A>25@H5==> ;8H5=K 8E, >1<0=K20NB A51O 8 =0 A0<>< 45;5 E>BL 2 =5:>B>@>9 AB5?5=8 >1;040NB MB8<8 GC2AB20<8. ">;L:> =5AB04=K5 682>B=K5, 25@>OB=>, A>25@H5==> ;8H5=K MB>3> GC2AB20. >65B 1KBL, =8:B> =5 2 A>AB>O=88 ?@8=>A8BL 65@B2K 2> 8<O ?@020, =5 >;8F5B2>@OO 4> =5:>B>@>9 AB5?5=8 ?@8=F8? ?@020, @048 :>B>@>3> A>25@H05BAO 8725AB=0O 65@B20, =5 >6840O >B =53> 1;03>40@=>AB8. @C38<8 A;>20<8, ?>;=59H89 A>F80;L=K9 0;LB@C87< 5420 ;8 <>65B ACI5AB2>20BL; ?>;=59H55 A>F80;L=>5 A0<>C189AB2> 5420 ;8 :>340 ?@8E>48;> G5;>25:C 2 3>;>2C. (& ( "5>;>38G5A:>5 7=0G5=85 701>B > A2>59 ;8G=>AB8. 0 >A=>20=88 18>;>38G5A:8E ?@8=F8?>2 ;53:> ?>:070BL, ?>G5<C <K 1K;8 =045;5=K 2;5G5=8O<8 : A0<>A>E@0=5=8N 8 M<>F8O<8 4>2>;LAB20 8 =54>2>;LAB20 A>1>9, (& ( ;O :064>3> G5;>25:0, ?@5645 2A53>  53> A>1AB25==>5 B5;>, 70B5<  53> 1;8609H85 4@C7LO 8, =0:>=5F, 4CE>2=K5 A:;>==>AB8 4>;6=K O2;OBLAO 2 2KAH59 AB5?5=8 F5==K<8 >1J5:B0<8. 0G0BL A B>3>, GB> :064K9 G5;>25:, GB>1K ACI5AB2>20BL, 4>;65= 8<5BL 8725AB=K9 <8=8<C< M3>87<0 2 D>@<5 8=AB8=:B>2 B5;5A=>3> A0<>A>E@0=5=8O. -B>B <8=8<C< M3>87<0 4>;65= A;C68BL ?>4:;04:>9 4;O 2A5E 40;L=59H8E A>7=0B5;L=KE 0:B>2, 4;O A0<>>B@5G5=8O 8 5I5 1>;55 CB>=G5==KE D>@< M3>87<0. A;8 =5 ?@O<>, B> ?CB5< ?5@56820=8O ?@8A?>A>1;5==59H53> 2A5 4CE8 ?@82K:;8 ?@8=8<0BL 68259H89 8=B5@5A 2 CG0AB88 A2>8E B5;5A=KE >1>;>G5:, E>BO 8 =57028A8<> >B 8=B5@5A0 : G8AB><C  O , 8=B5@5A0, :>B>@K< >=8 B0:65 >1;040NB. 5GB> ?>4>1=>5 <>6=> =01;N40BL 8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : AC4L10< =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 2 2>>1@065=88 4@C38E ;8F. / 1K B5?5@L =5 ACI5AB2>20;, 5A;8 1K =5 =0CG8;AO ?>=8<0BL >4>1@8B5;L=K5 8;8 =5>4>1@8B5;L=K5 2K@065=8O ;8F, A@548 :>B>@KE ?@>B5:05B <>O 687=L. @57@8B5;L=K5 65 273;O4K, :>B>@K5 >:@C60NI85 <5=O ;N48 1@>A0NB 4@C3 =0 4@C30, =5 4>;6=K ?@>872>48BL =0 <5=O >A>15==> A8;L=>3> 2?5G0B;5=8O. >8 4CE>2=K5 A8;K B0:65 4>;6=K 8=B5@5A>20BL <5=O 1>;55 G5< 4CE>2=K5 A8;K >:@C60NI8E, 8 =0 B>< 65 >A=>20=88. 5=O 1K =5 1K;> 2 B>9 A@545, 345 O B5?5@L =0E>6CAL, 5A;8 1K O =5 2;8O; :C;LBC@=K< >1@07>< =0 4@C38E 8 =5 >:07K20; 1K 8< ?>445@6:8. @8 MB>< 70:>= ?@8@>4K, =0CG82H89 <5=O >4=064K 4>@>68BL ;N4A:8<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, A B5E ?>@ =02A5340 70AB02;O5B <5=O 4>@>68BL 8<8. "5;5A=0O, A>F80;L=0O 8 4CE>2=0O ;8G=>AB8 >1@07CNB 5AB5AB25==CN ;8G=>ABL. > 2A5 >=8 O2;ONBAO, A>1AB25==> 3>2>@O, >1J5:B0<8 <KA;8, :>B>@0O 2> 2AO:>5 2@5<O A>25@H05B A2>9 ?@>F5AA ?>7=0=8O; ?>MB><C ?@8 2A59 ?@028;L=>AB8 M2>;NF8>==>9 8 18>;>38G5A:>9 B>G5: 7@5=8O =5B >A=>20=89 4C<0BL ?>G5<C 1K B>B 8;8 4@C3>9 >1J5:B =5 <>3 ?5@28G=K< 8=AB8=:B82=K< >1@07>< 70@>48BL 2 =0A AB@0ABL 8;8 8=B5@5A. /2;5=85 AB@0AB8 ?> ?@>8AE>645=8N 8 ACI=>AB8 2A5340 >4=> 8 B> 65, =57028A8<> >B :>=5G=>9 F5;8; GB> 8<5==> 2 40==>< A;CG05 O2;O5BAO >1J5:B>< =0H8E AB@5<;5=89 - MB> 45;> ?@>AB>3> D0:B0. / <>3C 2 B0:>9 65 AB5?5=8 8 B0: 65 8=AB8=:B82=> 1KBL C2;5G5= 701>B0<8 > D878G5A:>9 157>?0A=>AB8 <>53> A>A540, :0: 8 <>59 A>1AB25==>9 B5;5A=>9 157>?0A=>AB8. -B> 8 =01;N405BAO =0 =0H8E 701>B0E > B5;5 A>1AB25==KE 45B59. 48=AB25==>9 ?><5E>9 4;O G@57<5@=KE ?@>O2;5=89 =5M3>8AB8G5A:8E 8=B5@5A>2 O2;O5BAO 5AB5AB25==K9 >B1>@, :>B>@K9 8A:>@5=O5B 2A5 B>, GB> 1K;> 1K 2@54=K< 4;O >A>18 8 4;O 55 2840. "5< =5 <5=55 <=>385 87 ?>4>1=KE 2;5G5=89 >AB0NBAO =5C?>@O4>G5==K<8, =0?@8<5@, ?>;>2>5 2;5G5=85, :>B>@>5 2 G5;>25G5AB25 ?@>O2;O5BAO, ?>-2848<><C, 8 1>;LH59 AB5?5=8, G5< MB> =5>1E>48<>; =0@O4C A MB8< 5I5 >AB0NBAO =0:;>==>AB8 (=0?@8<5@, =0:;>==>ABL : >?LO=5=8N 0;:>3>;5<, ;N1>2L : <C7K:5, ?5=8N), 2;5G5=8O, =5 ?>440NI85AO =8:0:8< CB8;8B0@=K< >1JOA=5=8O<. ;LB@C8AB8G5A:85 8 M3>8AB8G5A:85 8=AB8=:BK, 2?@>G5<, :>>@48=8@>20=K. !B>OB >=8, =0A:>;L:> <K <>65< AC48BL, =0 B>< 65 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>< C@>2=5. 48=AB25==>5 @07;8G85 <564C =8<8 2 B><, GB> B0: =07K205<K5 M3>8AB8G5A:85 8=AB8=:BK 3>@074> <=>3>G8A;5==55. B>3. !;54CNI0O B01;8F0 <>65B A;C68BL 8B>3>< A:070==>3> 2KH5. -<?8@8G5A:0O 687=L =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 <>65B 1KBL ?>4@0745;5=0 A;54CNI8< >1@07><. 0B5@80;L=0O!>F80;L=0OCE>2=0O!0<>A>E@0=5=85"5;5A=K5 ?>B@51=>AB8 8 8=AB8=:BK. N1>2L : =0@O40<, D@0=B>2AB2>, C<5=85 ?@8>1@5B0BL A@54AB20, A>74020BL A515 >1AB0=>2:C5;0=85 =@028BLAO, 1KBL 70<5G5==K< 8 B.4. 1I8B5;L=>ABL, A>@52=>20=85, 7028ABL, ;N1>2L, G5AB>;N185 8 B.4.=B5;;5:BC0;L=K5, <>@0;L=K5 8 @5;838>7=K5 AB@5<;5=8O, 4>1@>A>25AB=>ABL!0<>>F5=:08G=>5 BI5A;0285, A:@><=>ABL. >@4>5 A>7=0=85 >15A?5G5==>AB8, AB@0E 154=>AB8!>F80;L=0O 8 A5<59=0O 3>@4>ABL, BI5A;0285, ?>3>=O 70 <>4>9; ?@8=865==>ABL, ABK4 8 B.4.'C2AB2> =@02AB25==>3> 8 C<AB25==>3> ?@52>AE>4AB20, G8AB>BK 8 B.4., GC2AB2> 28=K >7=0NI89 M;5<5=B 2 ;8G=>AB8 !@02=8B5;L=> A M<?8@8G5A:>9 ;8G=>ABLN, G8AB>5 Ego ?@54AB02;O5B 3>@074> 1>;55 A;>6=K9 ?@54<5B 4;O 8AA;54>20=8O. "/" 5ABL B>, GB> 2 :064CN 40==CN <8=CBC A>7=05B, <564C B5< :0: M<?8@8G5A:0O ;8G=>ABL 5ABL B>;L:> >4=0 87 A>7=0205<KE >1J5:B>2. @C38<8 A;>20<8, G8AB>5 "O" 5ABL <KA;OI89 AC1J5:B. 5<54;5==> 2>7=8:05B 2>?@>A: GB> B0:>5 MB>B "<KA;OI89 AC1J5:B"? /2;O5BAO >= >4=8< 87 ?@5E>4OI8E A>AB>O=89 A>7=0=8O 8;8 G5<-B> 1>;55 3;C1>:8< 8 =587<5==K<? "5:CG5ABL =0H53> A>7=0=8O ?@54AB02;O5B A0<C 2>?;>I5==CN 87<5=G82>ABL. 564C B5< 2AO:89 87 =0A 4>1@>2>;L=> @0AA<0B@8205B A2>5 "O" :0: =5GB> ?>AB>O==>5, =5 87<5=ONI55AO. -B> >1AB>OB5;LAB2> ?>1C48;> 1>;LHCN G0ABL D8;>A>D>2 ?@54?>;030BL 70 87<5=G82K<8 A>AB>O=8O<8 A>7=0=8O ACI5AB2>20=85 =5:>B>@>3> =587<5==>3> AC1AB@0B0, 45OB5;O, :>B>@K9 8 2K7K205B B0:85 87<5=5=8O. -B>B 45OB5;L 8 5ABL <KA;OI89 AC1J5:B. "> 8;8 4@C3>5 G0AB=>5 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O O2;O5BAO ?@>ABK< >@C485<, A@54AB2>< 2 53> @C:0E. CH0, 4CE, B@0=AF5=45=B0;L=>5 "O" - 2>B @07=>@>4=K5 =0720=8O 4;O MB>3> =08<5=55 87<5=G82>3> AC1J5:B0 <KA;8. 5 ?>425@30O ?>:0 MB8E ?>=OB89 0=0;87C, ?>AB0@05<AO >?@545;8BL :0: <>6=> B>G=55 ?>=OB85 87<5=G82>3> A>AB>O=8O A>7=0=8O. 48=AB2> 8 87<5=G82>ABL A>7=0=8O. #65 3>2>@O >1 87<5@5=88 >ICI5=89 A B>G:8 7@5=8O $5E=5@0, <K 2845;8, GB> =5B =8:0:8E >A=>20=89 AG8B0BL 8E A;>6=K<8. > GB> 25@=> >1 >ICI5=8OE ?@>AB59H8E :0G5AB2, B> @0A?@>AB@0=O5BAO 8 =0 <KA;8 > A;>6=KE ?@54<5B0E, A>AB>OI8E 87 <=>38E G0AB59. -B> ?>;>65=85 845B, : A>60;5=8N, 2@07@57 A H8@>:> @0A?@>AB@0=5==K< ?@54@0AAC4:>< 8 ?>B><C B@51C5B 1>;55 ?>4@>1=KE 4>:070B5;LAB2. ! B>G:8 7@5=8O 74@02>3> A<KA;0, @02=> :0: 8 A B>G:8 7@5=8O ?>GB8 2A5E ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E H:>;, =5 2K7K205B A><=5=8O B>B D0:B, GB> <KA;L A;0305BAO @>2=> 87 AB>;L:8E 8459, A:>;L:> 2 >1J5:B5 <KA;8 M;5<5=B>2, ?@8G5< MB8 8458 1K20NB, ?>-2848<><C, A<5H0=K, => 2 ACI=>AB8 >=8 @0745;L=K. "5 ?@54AB02;O5B =8:0:8E 70B@C4=5=89 4>?CAB8BL, GB> 0AA>F80F8O >1J548=O5B 8458 =5>?@545;5==>3> G8A;0 8=48284>2 2 >4=C A;>6=CN 845N, - 3>2>@8B 6. 8;;L, - 81> MB> >1I58725AB=K9 D0:B. 0725 C =0A =5B 8458 "0@<8O"?  @0725 MB0 845O =5 5ABL :><?;5:A 8459 =5>?@545;5==>3> G8A;0 ;N459?". >6=> ?@825AB8 <=>65AB2> ?>4>1=KE F8B0B, 8 G8B0B5;L A ?5@2>3> 273;O40, ?>60;C9, 3>B>2 A:;>=8BLAO 2 8E ?>;L7C. @54?>;>68<, >= 4C<05B: "0 AB>;5 ;568B :>;>40 :0@B". A;8 >= AB0=5B @07<KH;OBL A0< A A>1>9, B> 5<C ?@84CB 2 3>;>2C ?@8<5@=> A;54CNI85 A>>1@065=8O: " 0725 O =5 4C<0N > :>;>45 :0@B? 0725 845O :0@B =5 70:;NG05BAO 2 8455 :>;>4K? 0725 O =5 4C<0N 2 B> 65 2@5<O > AB>;5, =0:>=5F, > =>6:0E AB>;0? 0725 <>O <KA;L =5 70:;NG05B 2 A515 G0ABLN 845N :>;>4K 8 G0ABLN 845N AB>;0? 0;55, @0725 A :064>9 G0ABLN :>;>4K =5 A2O70=0 845O G0AB8 :064>9 :0@BK, 0 A 84559 G0AB8 AB>;0 845O G0AB8 :064>9 =>6:8? 0725 :0640O 87 MB8E G0AB59 =5 5ABL 845O? > 2 B0:>< A;CG05 @0725 <>O <KA;L =5 5ABL =5:>B>@K9 :><?;5:A 8459, 87 :>B>@KE :0640O A>>B25BAB2C5B =5:>B>@><C ?>7=0205<><C M;5<5=BC?" #4828B5;L=> =5>A=>20B5;L=K ?>4>1=K5 A>>1@065=8O, E>BO 1K >=8 8 :070;8AL 70A;C6820NI8<8 >4>1@5=8O. @54AB02;OO :><?;5:A 8459, 87 :>B>@KE :0640O 2K@0605B 8725AB=K9 M;5<5=B 2>A?@8=8<05<>3> D0:B0, <K =5 ?@54AB02;O5< A515 =8G53> B0:>3>, GB> 4020;> 1K =0< 7=0=85 > F5;>< D0:B5 A@07C. !>3;0A=> @0718@05<>9 38?>B575 :><?;5:A0 8459, 845O, :>B>@0O, =0?@8<5@, A>>1I05B =0< 7=0=85 > ?8:>2>< BC75, 4>;6=0 1KBL =5?@8G0AB=0 : 8455 =>6:8 AB>;0, 81> 2 A8;C 40==>9 38?>B57K 7=0=85 ?>A;54=53> D0:B0 =C6405BAO 2 >A>1>9 A?5F80;L=>9 8455; B> 65 A;54C5B @0A?@>AB@0=8BL 8 =0 2A5 >AB0;L=K5 8458, 87 :>B>@KE :0640O >:065BAO GC64>9 A>45@60=8N 4@C3>9.  B5< =5 <5=55 D0:B8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:89 C<, ?>7=020O :0@BK, ?>7=05B 8 AB>;,  53> =>6:C, 2A5 MB8 25I8 ?>7=0NBAO 8< 2 8725AB=KE >B=>H5=8OE 4@C3 : 4@C3C 8 ?@8B>< A@07C. 0H8 ?>=OB8O >1 >B2;5G5==KE G8A;0E (8, 4, 2) O2;ONBAO 4;O ?>7=0NI53> C<0 B0:8<8 65 548=8G=K<8 >ICI5=8O<8, :0: 8 ?>=OB85 548=8FK. 45O ?0@K =5 5ABL ?0@0 8459. '8B0B5;L, 1KBL <>65B, A?@>A8B <5=O: " 0725 2:CA ;8<>=040 =5 @025= 2:CAC ;8<>=0 ?;NA 2:CA A0E0@0?" 5B, 2>7@06C O =0 MB>, =5;L7O A<5H820BL A>G5B0=85 25I5AB2 A A>G5B0=85< >ICI5=89. $878G5A:89 ;8<>=04 A>AB>8B 87 ;8<>=0 8 A0E0@0, => 2:CA 53> =5 5ABL ?@>AB0O AC<<0 2:CA>2 A0E0@0 8 ;8<>=0, 81>, :>=5G=>, 2> 2:CA5 ;8<>=040 2K 2A53> <5=LH5 =0945B5 2:CA G8AB>9 ;8<>==>9 :8A;>BK, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 8 2:CA A0E0@=>9 A;04>AB8 - A 4@C3>9. -B8E 2:CA>2 A>25@H5==> =5B 2 ;8<>=045. ABL 2 ;8<>=045 2:CA, =0?><8=0NI89 4> 8725AB=>9 AB5?5=8 8 ;8<>=, 8 A0E0@, => MB>B 2:CA ?@54AB02;O5B 2> 2AO:>< A;CG05 A2>5>1@07=>5 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O. 0745;L=K5 A>AB>O=8O A>7=0=8O =5 <>3CB A<5H820BLAO. KA;L, 1C4B> =0H8 8458 ACBL ;8HL A>G5B0=8O 1>;55 <5;:8E M;5<5=B>2 A>7=0=8O, =5 B>;L:> =525@>OB=0 - >=0 70:;NG05B 2 A515 ;>38G5A:CN =52>7<>6=>ABL. KA:07K20NI85 MBC <KA;L C?CA:0NB 87 284C E0@0:B5@=59H85 G5@BK, :0:85 =0< 8725AB=K >B=>A8B5;L=> A>G5B0=89. A5 8725AB=K5 =0< :><18=0F88 ?@54AB02;ONB A>1>9 @57C;LB0B 2>7459AB289, >:07K205<KE 548=8F0<8 (:>B>@K5 <K =07K205< 2E>4OI8<8 2 :><18=0F88) =0 =5:>B>@CN ACI=>ABL, >B;8G0NICNAO >B =8E A0<8E. 57 MB>3> ?@54AB02;5=8O ?>A@54AB2CNI53> D0:B>@0 ?>=OB85 :><18=0F88 =5 8<55B A<KA;0. @C38<8 A;>20<8, ACI=>AB8 (=07>25B5 ;8 2K 8E A8;0<8, <0B5@80;L=K<8 G0AB8F0<8 8;8 ?A8E8G5A:8<8 M;5<5=B0<8) =5 <>3CB A;030BLAO A0<8 ?> A515 4@C3 A 4@C3>< 2 =5GB> :0G5AB25==> =>2>5; :0: 1K =8 1K;> 25;8:> 8E G8A;>. 064>5 2 AC<<5 8;8 >AB05BAO B5<, G5< >=> 1K;>, 8 AC<<0 :065BAO ACI5AB2CNI59 A0<0 ?> A515 B>;L:> 4;O ?>AB>@>==53> 7@8B5;O, :>B>@K9 C?CAB8; 87 284C A>AB02;ONI85 M;5<5=BK 8 @0AA<0B@8205B 55 =5?>A@54AB25==>, ;8HL :0: B0:>2CN, 8;8 65 AC<<0 <>65B ACI5AB2>20BL 2 2845 D0:B>@0, 459AB2CNI53> =0 :0:CN-=81C4L 4@C3CN ACI=>ABL, 2=5H=NN ?> >B=>H5=8N : =59. K 3>2>@8<, GB> 2, 8  40NB 2>4C 8 B5< A0<K< ?@>O2;ONB =>2K5 A2>9AB20, => MB0 2>40 5ABL =5 GB> 8=>5, :0: ?@56=85 0B><K 2 =>2>< @0A?>;>65=88: --; =>2K5 A2>9AB20 70:;NG0NBAO B>;L:> 2 :><18=8@>20==>< 459AB288, ?@>872>48<>< 0B><0<8 2 8E =>2>< @0A?>;>65=88 (2 2845 2>4K) =0 2=5H=NN A@54C, =0?@8<5@, =0 =0H8 >@30=K GC2AB2 8 =0 @07;8G=K5 @5035=BK, 2 :>B>@KE ?@>O2;ONBAO E8<8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 2>4K. !>25@H5==> B0:8< 65 >1@07>< A8;K <=>38E ;N459 AC<<8@CNBAO, :>340 >=8 2A5 2<5AB5 BO=CB 70 25@52:C, A8;K <=>65AB20 <KH5G=KE 2>;>:>= AC<<8@CNBAO, ?@8;030OAL : >4=><C ACE>68;8N.  ?0@0;;5;>3@0<<5 A8; =5 A8;K A;030NBAO 2 @02=>459AB2CNICN 4803>=0;L, => B5;>, =0 :>B>@>5 >=8 459AB2CNB, ?5@5<5I05BAO ?> =0?@02;5=8N @02=>459AB2CNI59. 02=K< >1@07>< 8 <C7K:0;L=K5 72C:8 =5 A>G5B0NBAO A0<8 ?> A515 2 :>=A>=0=AK 8;8 48AA>=0=AK. >=A>=0=AK 8 48AA>=0=AK ACBL =0720=8O 4;O :><18=8@>20==KE 2>7459AB289 72C:>2 =0 2=5H=NN A@54C - =0 CE>. >340 70 M;5<5=B0@=K5 548=8FK ?@8=8<0NB >ICI5=8O, B> ACBL 45;0 >AB05BAO =587<5==>9. >7L<8B5 A>B=N 8E, A<5H09B5, A>548=8B5 :0: <>6=> B5A=55 (5A;8 MB> <>65B GB>-=81C4L 7=0G8BL)  8 2A5 65 :064>5 >ICI5=85 >AB0=5BAO B5< 65, G5< >=> 1K;>, 70<:=CBK< 2 A0<>< A515, A;5?K<, GC64K< ?> >B=>H5=8N : 4@C38< >ICI5=8O< 8 : 8E 7=0G5=8N. 1@07>202 ?>4>1=CN 3@C??C 87 100 >ICI5=89, <K ?>;CG8< =5:>B>@>5 101-5 >ICI5=85, 2>7=8:=5B =>2K9 0:B A>7=0=8O, >1=8<0NI89 3@C??C :0: B0:>2CN 8 ?@54AB02;ONI89 A>25@H5==> =>2K9 D0:B.  A8;C :0:>3>-=81C4L :C@L57=>3> 70:>=0 ?@8@>4K 100 ?5@2>=0G0;L=KE >ICI5=89 2 >B45;L=>AB8 <>3;8 1K ?@5420@OBL 8E B2>@G5A:89 A8=B57 (<K 254L G0AB> 7=0:><8<AO A> A;0305<K<8 M;5<5=B0<8, ?@5645 G5< 2AB@5B8< 8E >1J548=5==K<8 2 AC<<C), => @50;L=>3> B>645AB20 <564C =8<8 8 8E AC<<>9 8 =0>1>@>B =5B; =5;L7O 2K25AB8 >4=> 87 4@C3>3> 8;8 2 A:>;L:>-=81C4L ?>=OB=>< A<KA;5 3>2>@8BL >1 M2>;NF88 AC<<K 87 A>2>:C?=>AB8 A;0305<KE. >7L<5< :0:CN-=81C4L D@07C 87 12 A;>2 8 @0A?@545;8< MB8 A;>20 ?> >4=><C <564C 12 ;8F0<8, ?>AB028< 8E 2 @O4 8;8 A>15@5< 2 B5A=CN 3@C??C  8 ?CABL :064>5 ;8F> <KA;5==> ?@>87=>A8B A2>5 A;>2> A =082>7<>6=> 1>;LH59 =0?@O65==>ABLN, 8 2A5-B0:8 =8:><C =5 ?@845B 2 3>;>2C F5;0O D@070. @0240, <K 3>2>@8< > "4CE5 25:0", > "=0@>4=>< GC2AB25" 8, 2>>1I5, @07;8G=K< >1@07>< >;8F5B2>@O5< ">1I5AB25==>5 <=5=85". > =0< E>@>H> 8725AB5= MB>B CA;>2=K9 A?>A>1 2K@065=8O, 8 <K =8:>340 =5 ?><KH;O5< > B><, GB>1K "4CE", "<=5=85" 8;8 "GC2AB2>" >B=>A8;8AL : =5:>B>@><C 4>102>G=><C A>18@0B5;L=><C A>7=0=8N, 0 =5 A;C68;8 4;O >1>7=0G5=8O A>2>:C?=>AB8 A>7=0=88 >B45;L=KE 8=48284>2, >1>7=0G05<>9 A;>20<8 "25:", "=0@>4", ">1I5AB2>". B45;L=K5 A>7=0=8O =5 A;820NBAO 2 2KAH55 A;>6=>5 A>7=0=85. -B>B D0:B 2A5340 A;C68; 2 ?A8E>;>388 =5>B@078<K< 4>2>4>< A?8@8BC0;8AB>2 ?@>B82 AB>@>==8:>2 0AA>F80=87<0. >A;54=85 CB25@640NB, GB> C< A>AB>8B 87 <=>65AB20 >B45;L=KE 8459, 0AA>F88@>20==KE 2 >4=C. "ABL, - 3>2>@OB >=8, - 2 =0H5< A>7=0=88 845O 0 8 845O b. =0G8B, 5ABL B0:65 845O 0 8 b, 27OBKE 2<5AB5, B. 5. a+b". >2>@8BL B0: - 2A5 @02=> GB> CB25@640BL, 1C4B> 2 0;351@5 :204@0B 0 + :204@0B b = :204@0BC (a+b), B. 5. [a2+b2= (a +b)2]=a2+2a+b2]. >4>1=>5 CB25@645=85 - >G5284=0O =5;5?>ABL. 45O 0+ 845O b =5 B>645AB25==K A 84559 a+b; 745AL - >4=0 845O, B0< - 425; 2 ?>A;54=5< A;CG05 B>, GB> ?>7=05B 0, ?>7=05B B0:65 8 b; 2 ?5@2>< A;CG05 =5GB>, ?>7=0NI55 a, ?@54=0<5@5==> >7=0G5=> =5 7=0NI8< b. >@>G5 3>2>@O, 425 8458 2 A8;C 70:>=>2 ;>38:8 =8:>340 =5 <>3CB 2K@060BLAO >4=>9 84559. A;8 :0:0O-=81C4L 845O (=0?@8<5@, 845O a+b) A;54C5B 2 >?KB5 70 42C<O @0745;L=K<8 845O<8 (0 8 b), B> <K 4>;6=K 55 AG8B0BL ?@>4C:B>< ?>74=59H8E >A>1KE D0:B>@>2 A@02=8B5;L=> A D0:B>@0<8, 2K7202H8<8 =0 A25B ACI5AB2>20=85 ?@54H5AB2>202H8E 8459 0 8 b. ?@>G5<, 5A;8 2>>1I5 4>?CA:0BL ACI5AB2>20=85 ?>B>:0 A>7=0=8O, B> 2A53> ?@>I5 1K;> 1K ?@54?>;>68BL, GB> ACI5AB2CNI85 8458 2A5340 A>7=0NBAO :0: >B45;L=0O AB@CO MB>3> ?>B>:0. @8 2>A?@8OB88 <=>65AB20 >1J5:B>2 2 <>73C <>3CB ?@>B5:0BL <=>3>G8A;5==K5 ?@>F5AAK. > ?A8E8G5A:>5 O2;5=85, >B=>AOI55AO : MB8< <=>3>G8A;5==K< ?@>F5AA0<, ?@54AB02;O5B >4=> F5;L=>5 CAB>9G82>5 8;8 ?@5E>4OI55 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O, 2>A?@8=8<0NI53> @07=>@>4=K5 >1J5:BK. CH0 :0: :><18=8@CNI55 =0G0;>. @54AB028B5;8 A?8@8BC0;87<0 2 D8;>A>D88 2A5340 1K;8 A:;>==K CB25@640BL, GB> >4=>2@5<5==> ?>7=0205<K5 (@07=>@>4=K5) >1J5:BK ?>7=0NBAO G5<- B>, ?@8G5< MB> =5GB>, ?> A;>20< MB8E D8;>A>D>2, =5 5ABL G8AB> ?5@5E>4OI0O <KA;L, => =5:>B>@0O ?@>AB0O 8 =5 87<5=ONI0OAO 4CE>2=0O ACI=>ABL, =0 :>B>@CN 2>7459AB2CNB, A>G5B0OAL, <=>3>G8A;5==K5 8458.  40==>< A;CG05 4;O =0A 157@07;8G=>, 1C45< ;8 <K =07K20BL MBC ACI=>ABL "4CH>9", "4CE><" 8;8 "O", - 55 3;02=59H59 DC=:F859 2A5 65 >:065BAO @>;L :><18=8@CNI59 A@54K.  4CH5 <K 2AB@5B8< =>A8B5;O ?>7=0=8O, >B;8G0NI53>AO >B B>3> ?>B>:0, 2 :>B>@><, :0: <K 2KH5 C:070;8, B08=AB25==K9 ?@>F5AA ?>7=0=8O <>3 A>25@H0BLAO A B0:>9 ?@>AB>B>9. B> 65 =0 A0<>< 45;5 O2;O5BAO ?>7=0NI8< AC1J5:B><: =587<5==0O 4CE>2=0O ACI=>ABL 8;8 ?@5E>4OI55 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O? A;8 1K <K 8<5;8 8=K5, 4> A8E ?>@ 5I5 =5 ?@54CA<>B@5==K5 >A=>20=8O 4;O 4>?CI5=8O 4CH8 2 =0HC ?A8E>;>38N, B> 2 A8;C MB8E >A=>20=89 >=0, <>65B 1KBL, >:070;0AL 1K B0:65 8 ?>7=0NI8< AC1J5:B><. <...> ?>;=5 >1JOA=8BL 4>?CI5=85 4CH8 =52>7<>6=>, => >=> <>65B D83C@8@>20BL 2 ?A8E>;>388 ;8HL :0: ?5@28G=K9, =5@07;>68<K9 40;55 D0:B. > 8<5NBAO 4@C385 <>B82K 2 ?>;L7C 4>?CI5=8O 4CH8 2 ?A8E>;>388, 206=59H89 87 =8E - MB> GC2AB2> ;8G=>3> B>645AB20. 'C2AB2> ;8G=>3> B>645AB20.  ?@54H5AB2CNI59 3;025 <K ?>:070;8, GB> <KA;8, ACI5AB2>20=85 :>B>@KE 4>AB>25@=>, =5 =>AOBAO 15A?>@O4>G=> 2 =0H59 3>;>25, => :06CBAO ?@8=04;560I8<8 B><C, 0 =5 4@C3><C >?@545;5==><C ;8FC. 0640O <KA;L A@548 <=>65AB20 4@C38E <>65B >B;8G8BL @>4AB25==CN >B GC64KE 59. >4AB25==K5 <KA;8 :0: 1C4B> 682> GC2AB2CNB A2>5 VX\^j„†ÈÊÌbêîÂÄ46†ŠÂÄ&(NPnp(*°²º¼ÐÒXõëà×ÎÁ½¶½¨”Œ‚½{½r½m½g½r½g½r½g½g½g½g½g½g½ h€\,NH h€\,H*h€\,mHnHu h€\,5\h€\,56\]h€\,CJaJ'jh€\,0J56CJ U\]aJ h€\,56CJ \]aJ h€\,6]h€\,hgbhÖ%"aJmH sH hgbhgbaJh€\,h€\,aJhíe(h€\,CJ$aJ$híe(híe(5aJhíe(h€\,5aJ(VX l Æ  D j ²  X   â J –  R î ^`†÷÷ïêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêÞÕ„7`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\,gdgb$a$gd€\,$a$gdíe(Þ‘ 0ý ˜ý 8þþþþ†žÌ<â6&,)~3¦?ˆCÀGÖNºQØW²eòfll,lììÖȼ³¼¼¼¼¼¼¼¼¼¼¼¤¤$„7d`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\, „7d¤x`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤È]„^„`„7gd€\,„ „„7¤d]„ ^„`„7gd€\,XZlnöø€‚”–ìîtvŽ :!^Ä^Æ^``ì`î`¬a²aŠbŒbcc$d&dªd¬dþghºj¼jDkFkl`lúöúöúöúöíöíöúöúöúöúöúöúöæöæÞæöúö×Î×öæöúöæöæÞæöíöúöúöúöíöúöíöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöÃh€\,5CJ\aJh€\,5NH\ h€\,5\h€\,mH sH  h€\,h€\,h€\,mHnHuh€\, h€\,NHK,lbljr4y$€¨†’˜š§«â«´Ô^ã éÌÐþ*ÄðâÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ˵Ÿ„„„7dð¤ ]„^„`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤ ]„^„`„7gd€\, „7¤Ü`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\, „7d¤x`„7gd€\,$„7d`„7a$gd€\,`lbltltmvm¶m¼mümþm”nžnÊnÎn(p*pDqFq^r`rdrfrºs¼súsüs€t‚tœt tªv¬vÐvÖv8w:wFwJwÆwÈw4y¢y¦y¨yæyêyúyüy4z6zÀzÂzÜ{Þ{¬|´|ô|ö|(}*},.¶¸ˆ€š€¤€¦€02¸ºÒ‚Ô‚Ü‚Þ‚^ƒ`ƒøñíçíÞíçíÞíÞíçíçíçíÔíÍíçíçíÍíçíÍíçíÞíçíñíçíÍÅÍíçíçíçíÞíçíÞíçíçíÍíçíÍíçíçíçíÍíçh€\,mH sH  h€\,h€\,jh€\,0JUh€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\, h€\,5\h€\,CJaJN`ƒêƒìƒ…… †"†°‡²‡ÄˆÆˆP‰R‰Ö‰Ø‰‚‹„‹Œ Œ˜ŒšŒ bdnpöø~‘€‘Š’Œ’““ì–î–™™ ™¢™È›Ê›þœ"&hj&Ÿ(Ÿ¡¡€¢‚¢À¤Â¤¨ ¨¬¨®¨4©6©@ªBªÎªÐª~«€«â«8¬^¬`¬î¬ð¬x­z­®®(°*°´´¦µ¨µ&¶(¶Ö¸üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüìüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüãüãüöüöüãüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüÜüöüöüöüöüöüãüöüöü h€\,5\h€\,mHnHuh€\,h€\,6] h€\,NHh€\,Wָظò¹ô¹€º‚º»»œ»ž»@½B½È½Ê½T¾V¾ò¿ô¿ Á Á"Â$¨ªÂ&Ã*ÃTÄVÄÚÄÜÄîÅðÅ~ƀƨȪÈDÊFÊlËpËêËìËðÌöÌÍ͞ΠÎ&Ï(ϲϴÏÌÐÎÐèÑêÑÓÓ’Ó”Ó¨ÔªÔVÖXÖêÖìÖ|×~×ÎÚÐÚàÛâÛhÜjÜ‚Þ„Þßßšßœß>á@á”æ–æçç¦ç¨ç”è˜èØèÜè éúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöíöúöúöúöúöúöúöíöúöíöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöíöíöh€\,mHnHuh€\, h€\,NH\ éjéêê&ì(ì¶ì¸ì>í@íÌíÎívïxïðð6ò8òÂòÄòPóRóhôjôööö öš÷œ÷(ø*ø´ø¶øBùDùúúüúÌýÎý’@B  ¶¸@BT V j l ~ € œ ž * , ¶ ¸ BDÎüþ&(*ùõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõæõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõßõѽµh€\,CJaJ'jh€\,0J56CJ U\]aJ h€\,56CJ \]aJ h€\,6]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\, h€\,5\G*¾ÀXZ46 *0üþ†ˆ¨ªÊÌ^`ðòx!z!ä!è!V"†" $$ì%î%Z&^&z&|& ' 'D)F)Š+Ž+¤+¦+H,L,Z,x,|,¼,¾,F-H-Î-Ð-ì/î/À1Â1L2N2Ô2Ö2ì3î3|4~4Ä5È5à6ä6,7.7¸7º7\9öòìòìòìòãòÜòãòìòìòìòìòìòìòìòìòãòÜòãòìòãòìòìòìòãòìòÕÍòãòìòìòìòìòìòìòìòìòìòãòãòìòìòh€\,mH sH  h€\,h€\, h€\,6]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\,h€\,56\]QÄ$ªd „)0.6< A–JDL„LŒS"[>_xhmŒq4w‚wh‚>†&‰h|•ñåååååååååÏñååååååÏñåååå„„„7dð¤]„^„`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\, „7d¤x`„7gd€\,\9^9`:†:¨;¬;Œ=Ž=>>>>¦>¨>º?¼?6@:@Ø@Ú@BBLBPBØDÚDlEnEJFNFÖFØF G¢G$H&H\H`H˜HœHBIDIÐIÒILLDL‚LMM¢N¤N´N¶NfOjOöOúOPÆPÈPNQPQ(U*UHVJVØVÚVjWlWˆXŠX’Z–Z¦[úöïöæöúößÔÊöúöúöæöúöúöæöúöúöæößöúöúöæöæöúöúöúöÀöúöúößöæöæöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöæöh€\,56\]h€\,h€\,6]h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,h€\,h€\,mHnHu h€\,6]h€\, h€\,NHL¦[¨[.\0\´\¶\d]n]h^j^ò^ô^¸_º_Ð`Ò`êaìaxbzbxc|c’c”cdd*e,e¸eºeBfDfÊfÌfÖfÚfPgRglhnhXj\j¦j¨jÈkÊk‚m„mnnn nžn n,o.o¾oÀoØpÚprr¢r¨rs s0s2s`sds¼s¾sttÖtÜtàtâtüuþuˆvŠv4w€wøwúwyyúöúöúöïöúöúöúöúöúöúöæöúöúöúöúöúöúöæöúöúöæöúöúöúöúöæöúöúöúöúöúöæöïöúöæöúöæöæöúöúöúöÜöúöúh€\,56\]h€\,mHnHu h€\,6]h€\, h€\,NHWy¢y¤yH{J{||d|f|ò|ô|€}‚}~~¢~¤~°²6€8€NPàâä‚æ‚rƒtƒ¦…¨…4†6†Ò‡Ô‡\ˆ^ˆÀŠŠЋÒ‹\Œ^ŒäŒæŒjŽlŽŠŒ‘‘º‘¾‘6’8’T“V“l”n”†–ˆ–——>™@™PšRšÞšàš  " ª ¬ Æ¡È¡P¢R¢z¤|¤¥¥¦¦¨¦4§6§¼§¾§¼¨Ô¨\©h©Þ©üöüöüíüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüíüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüæüæü h€\,6]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\,[|•¨— Ÿr£øµ ¶H»¿îÅúËJÌVβÔþܺãñ–ó:ùÀù`ܲ óóóóÝÏóóóÝÏÏóóóóó¹Ïóó„È„„7dð¤Ü]„È^„`„7gd€\, „7d¤x`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤]„^„`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\,Þ©à©â¬æ¬´®¶®‚±„±²²š²œ²È´Ê´øµ¶ ¶†¶ˆ¶š·œ·°¸²¸6¹8¹ÒºÔºè¼ê¼ü½þ½v¾z¾ÀÀ¦À¨À,Á.ÁbÃdÃðÃòÀĂÄÅÅÇnjǎÇÈÈ.É0ɄɆɌɎɚɜɴɶÉÒÊÔÊTËZËúËHÌ^ÍúöíöúöúöúöúöúöãÜöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöíöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöÕÊÀÊÀʯöúöíöãö!jh€\,0J6U]mH sH h€\,h€\,6]h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,h€\, h€\,5\h€\,56\]h€\,mHnHuh€\, h€\,NHE^ÍnÍ~Ð€Ð Ñ Ñ”Ñ–ÑÒ Ò¬Ò®ÒÒÓÔÓNÖPÖfÖnÖšÙœÙÞÛàÛjÜlÜðÜòÜ|Ý~ÝÞÞŽÞÞ2à4àâáäáÄâÈâää2ä4äôæöæ€ç‚ç è è²é´éBêDêŒíŽí4ï6ï¾ïÀïÒðÔð<ò@òFòRò˜òšòFóTóX÷Z÷Þ÷à÷(ø,ønøpøþøù:ù¾ùˆýŠýòýöýnp€‚ùõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõùõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõæõæõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõïõæõæõïõæõïõïõæõïõæõÜõïõæõïõïh€\,56\]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\, h€\,6]W‚œžTVŽ ÜÞ¼ÀÆÒþðò  f j Ò Ô 4 8 ` b ² Ü æètvüþVXpr¦¨24ÀÂàâ²´PR  :<NRÈÊJL” –  !"!ö!ø!""ê#ì#Þ$à$üöüöüïüöüæüïüöüöüöüæüöüæüöüÜüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüæüöüöüöüæüöüöüöüöüÕÊÀüöüöh€\,h€\,6]h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,h€\,h€\,56\]h€\,mHnHu h€\,6] h€\,NHh€\,L² Þ 2( ^$¾)À)Ü)*²*®-º- 2š:ä=ð=šDéÛÏÏÏÏÏÆ°¥ÆšÆÆÆšÆ „7¤`„7gd€\, „7¤(`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤ ]„^„`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7d`„7gd€\, „7d¤x`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤]„^„`„7gd€\,à$ø$ü$€&‚&''Ä(Æ(6):)À)Ú)Ü) ***L*P*H-L-®-¸-º-22L5P5~5‚5Z7\7^7d7j7x7üóüíüíüíüóüâÚ̸°üóüóüšŒü‚üóüóü{qfZfh€\,6]mHnHuh€\,6]mH sH h€\,h€\,6] h€\,h€\,jh€\,0JUh€\,CJOJQJ^JaJ+h€\,6CJOJQJ]^JaJmHnHuh€\,CJaJ'jh€\,0J56CJ U\]aJ h€\,56CJ \]aJ h€\,CJaJh€\,6CJ]aJ h€\,NHh€\,mHnHuh€\,#x7z7~7€7ˆ7Š7’7–7˜= =ä=î=ð=üABRBVBbE€E2G4G:GcBcr ru"uxx@yDyÔzØzô|ø|p„t„Ä„…ü…†T†X†òö’’ð’ô’JšNšvŸzŸ˜¦ž¦¨¨ô©ø©4ªLªnªpªrª|Õ€Õ>ÖBÖÞÞäÞ<à>àççŽéùõìõåõåõìõùõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõÛõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõìõЮ¦õìõìõìõìõìõh€\,CJaJ'jh€\,0J56CJ U\]aJ h€\,56CJ \]aJ h€\,6CJ]aJh€\,56\] h€\,6]h€\,mHnHuh€\, h€\,5\AÞf¶hplør¾t†u”{Ü‚Ä„…(†z‡ØŠ&ì•ì˜|žH¢2ªLªrªööööööööàÕööööööööö¿„„„7dð¤´]„^„`„7gd€\, „7¤x`„7gd€\,„„„7dð¤È]„^„`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,rªè¯r´¼µ°¸V½Â¤ÆÄÊvÍÞ,ãbéíÚõbûÔþäæèô&¶NPTôëëëëëëëëëëëëëëëëééëëëëÚÚ Æ|„7¤¼`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤<`„7gd€\,Žé’évêzê~ð‚ð¢ð¦ðfôjô¾ôÄôÀõÄõ²ø¶ø6ÿ8ÿäè`bìîrtøú„† ¢Ž  ² ´ È Ì ÜÞjlÂÄTj’”ÒÔÖ$öòöòöòöòöòöòöòöòöòöòêòäòäòäòäòäòäòäòäòäòöòäòäòäòÙË·¯¥–¯òh€\,56CJH*\]aJh€\,56\]h€\,CJaJ'jh€\,0J56CJ U\]aJ h€\,56CJ \]aJ h€\,6CJ]aJ h€\,NHh€\,mH sH h€\,h€\,mHnHu8Tj”Ö$@nŽ&+.Z7Ð<¢@hG N–V’[¨côâо¾«ž••••••••••„7`„7gd€\, „øÿ„7]„øÿ`„7gd€\, Æú„øÿ„7¤<]„øÿ`„7gd€\,$„è„7¤x]„è`„7a$gd€\,„„7dð¤Ü^„`„7gd€\,„„7dð¤ ^„`„7gd€\, „7¤ð`„7gd€\,$.>ÀÂHJÎÐ\^vzä昜êîŽÊÎêì|~BFhl""J"L"º#¼#Ö$Ø$b%d%è%ê%ˆ&Š&*(,(€(‚(Ø*Ú*++*,,,8-<-L-N-œ.ž.´/¶/Ü/à/B0F0d1f1„1†1ò1ô133 33*4,44484ùíéãéãéãéãéÚéãéÚéÚéãéÚéãéãéãéÚéÚéãéÐéãéãéãéãéÐéãéÐéÐéÐéãéÚéãéãéãéÚéÚéãéÐéãéÚéãéãéÚjh€\,0JUh€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\,h€\,6]mHnHu h€\,6]R84J4N4œ4ž485D5F5R5Ò5Ô5î6ð6T7V7š7œ7®7²7à7ä7j8l8::Ò:Ö:$;&;:;>;Œ;;ö;ú;ü;þ;< < <"<$<2<6<<<@<F<H<L<Ê<Ì<P=R=ì>î>þ>?d?f?Š?Œ?üóüéüâÙâüÓüÓüéüÌÁ·üóüÓüéüóüÓüóüóüóÌÁ·Á·Á·Á·Á·Á¦šüéüÓüéüÓüéüÓh€\,6]mHnHu!jh€\,0J6U]mH sH h€\,h€\,6]h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,h€\, h€\,NHh€\,6NH] h€\,6]jh€\,0JUh€\,mHnHuh€\,<Œ?@@€A†ApBrB^D`DŽD’DèDêDEE‚FˆFŽFF FbGdGÀGÄG–I˜IJJJJ¤J¦J2K4KºK¼KHLJLÔLÖLZM\MúNO OOOOžO O(P*P´P¶P@QBQüQþQˆSŒSxTzTœT¦T¨TªT¬T”U–UÈUÒUVVV’VWWüöüíüãüöüíüöüíüíüÜÑüãüíüöüãüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüÊüÊÁÊüöüöüöüöüãüíüöüÊüãÊüöüÊüöüãüöh€\,6NH] h€\,6]h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,h€\,jh€\,0JUh€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\,LW¶WºW X"XªX¬X8Y:YtYxYJ[L[Ž[[&](]Ü^Þ^d_f_``r`t`|`~`aafbhbPcTc¢c¤cðcôc"d$dNdRdŽd’dªd¬d(e*eîeòe`fbfhfjfêfìfìgîgiiˆiŒijj¨jªj‚n†noošoœo"p$p°p²p‚r„r¦s¨sHuJuxxx”xByDyÄyÆyLzNzüóüíüíüíüóüíüóüíüíüíüãüíüãüíüãüóüãüóüíüóüóüíüãüóüíüãüíüíüóüóüíüíüóüíüíüíüíüíüíüíüíüóüãüíüíjh€\,0JU h€\,NHh€\,mHnHuh€\,Z¨chgxqHy.€X…Ú‹&“h ª®b±v²J¿6Ë ÏÚÝá¢ïõHúöûBü†üööööööööööööööööööööööää$„øÿ„7¤<]„øÿ`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,Nznztzîzüz^{`{œ}ž}²~´~ª€¬€Jƒ„ƒŠ„Œ„¶„V…Ò…Ô…Z†\†V‡Z‡h‡j‡š‡ž‡‰‰´Š¶ŠÜŒÞŒøú"Ž0Ž€Ž‚Žà´ΑБV’X’Ü“à“2”4”ž•¢•†—ˆ—"™$™J›N›:œ>œrœtœøœúœèžž\ž`žœžžžºž0Ÿ2ŸºŸ¼ŸüõüîüèüèüèüèüîüèüîüèüèüßüèüßüèüèüèüèüîüèüîüîüèüèüèüßüèüßüèüèüßüßüèüèüîÖîÊîÖîüèüèh€\,6]mHnHuh€\,6NH]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NH h€\,6] h€\,5\h€\,P¼Ÿz¡|¡†¡’¡>¢B¢4£6££Ä£T¤V¤æ¤è¤n¥p¥þ¥¦†¦ˆ¦Ö¦v§ ¨"¨@©B©x«z«¬¬L¬P¬®­°­ê­¨®¸¯º¯@°B°X±Z±â±ä±ª³®³¤´¦´ȵʵ|·~·ø»ú»,¾.¾ÐÄÒÄ\Å^ÅæÅèÅ"È$ȪȬÈPÊVÊXÊZʺʾÊøËÌÊÌÌÌXÍZͨͬÍâÍäÍpÎrÎúÎüÎϔϴϸÏÎÐüöüïüæüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüïüöüöüöüöüæüöüïüöüöüöüöüæüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüæüöüæüïüöüöüæüöüöüöüæüæüh€\,mHnHu h€\,6] h€\,NHh€\,[ÎÐÒÐìÐðÐàÒâÒ8Ó<ÓÕ ÕÕÕ"Õ&Õ¤Õ¦Õ2Ö4ÖÂÖÄÖvØxض۸ÛÔÜÖ܌ݎÝÞÞ6ß8ßÄßÆß<àJàRàTàvâzâ°â²âääæälånåÆèÈèé2éNéPébêdêðêòê~ë‚ëžë¤ë„ììêìöìííjíxíèíîíjïlï$ð&ð>ñ@ñæòèò2ó>óDóJórótóŽôôþôöòöòèòöòöòâòöòâòâòâòâòâòâòâòâòâòâòÛòâòöòâòâòâòâòÛòâòâòâòöòöòÛòÛòâòÛòöòâòâòâòâòöòöòâòâò h€\,6] h€\,NHjh€\,0JUh€\,h€\,mHnHuVþôõ‚ö„öœöžö$÷&÷ÌøÐølùnùþùúVûXû~û”ûüBülýpý˜ýšý02Àž ²´ú âä  " $ Æ È ÜÞln„†’–ÔØ–˜²´TV^²ÖÒX\’”ÂÄØÚ^` " "Z"^"¶"º"¤#¦#0$2$Ø%Ú%ô&õñõñëñëñâñëñëñëñÛñÛñâñõñëñëñëñëñÛñëñëñëñëñëñëñëñâñâñëñëñëñëñÛñÛñâñëñëñëñëñëñâñâñëñëñëñ h€\,6]h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\,jh€\,0JUV†üÄü ýXýžý&† Ô´#š)ž. .¢.´.¶.Ê.Ì.¾6éÕÅŶ­­­­­­««ŸŸŸ­­ $„7`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,„øÿ„7¤<]„øÿ`„7gd€\,$„øÿ„7]„øÿ`„7a$gd€\,$ Æ„øÿ„7]„øÿ`„7a$gd€\,$ Æú„øÿ„7¤<]„øÿ`„7a$gd€\,ô&'Ž'¤' ( (")$)â)æ)++*,,,8-:-ž.¢.´.Æ.È.Ì.ê.p0t0°1È1Ö1Ú12585â5ä5ê5ì5ü56n6p6v6x67>7::p:t:È:Ì:<<r<t<®=²=A AfAjAÌCÒCD DhDnD†EŒEùõùõïõïõæõæõïõïõÞÓ˽õ¶õæõùõæõæõ¯Þ¯õæõ¯Þ¯õ¶õùõæõæõæõ§õæõæõæõæõæõæõæh€\,CJaJ h€\,h€\, h€\,5\jh€\,0JCJ UaJ h€\,CJ aJ h€\,5CJ\aJh€\,mH sH h€\,mHnHu h€\,NHh€\, h€\,6]B¾67t<ôDFVSŽ^Œfæq®uÂ|ö…˜‘Z’ÚŸH¦p©ì±X³¹ò¾.ÉhÍzÔºÛNäVëfëööööööööööööööööööööööööööê $„7`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,ŒE¶E¼EêEðEF@F¤H¨HZL^L\N^NfNjN‚N†Nj[l[z[|[Š[Œ[š[œ[Ž^¶^p_œ_ÄcÈcîdðdÐgÔgälèl(m,mvv wwîƒòƒö…†@DZ’p’Ì•ЕP˜R˜ š$šú þ ¢¦¦¦¬¬°¬X³’³ ¹F¹vÀzÀÃà ÃÃÃ:Ä<ÄÅÅ,Ê0Ê4Ê6Ê:ÊüóüóüìüóüóüåÝåüåüóüåÝåÝåüìüÖüóüÑüóüóüóüóüóüóüìüóüìüóüóüóüóüóüóüìüìüóüåÝåÝüìüóüåÝåÝ h€\,H* h€\,6]h€\,mH sH  h€\,h€\, h€\,5\h€\,mHnHuh€\,R:Ê<ÊJÊLÊpÊtÊ>ÎDÎ ÓÓôÚøÚ0à4àäåèå”ê˜êVëZëfë2ò4ò>ò@òNòÈôÌôõ õnørø–øšø¢ÿ¨ÿTX>B`f ¤ÄȈŒ$&68:<@BPRZ¶º bˆˆŒ11º5¾56ùñùíäíäíÝíäíäíäíäíÏÊíùñùñíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíäíùñùñùñùñùñùñíäíäíÃíäíäíäí h€\,5\ h€\,>*jh€\,UmHnHu h€\,6]h€\,mHnHuh€\,h€\,mH sH  h€\,h€\,Mfë|ë~ëÂ÷¨ùŒZ¢b$d-€5è:ü@ÌJ:N"U\V,]cDo\p^p`pbpóóêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêêåÜ $Ifgd€\,gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, $„7`„7a$gd€\,66üGHHHHÄJÆJÈJÊJTVVVXVZV\V¸VäWæWèWêWdc’cBgFgDoNo^p`puVuXu²u´uºuô|ø|z~¼~Ú„Þ„… …ŒŒ”’¨’Ê–Ζv˜œ˜Š™Ž™æšúšª›Ø›l¡n¡b¨f¨Ø©Ü©8«@«ƬάöòêãêãòÜòÕòÜòÕòÎòÜòÕòÇòöòÎò¿ò´¬òãêòöòÎòöòöòöòöòöòÎòöòÇòÇò§òöòöòöòö h€\,H*h€\,CJaJh€\,5CJ\aJh€\,CJaJ h€\,6] h€\,5\ j>ðh€\, j<ðh€\, h€\,h€\,h€\,mH sH h€\,h€\,mHnHuBbp|p’p¤p¦pÄp´qrˆrsóóó`WWWWW $Ifgd€\,’kd$$If–lÖÖ\”ÿˆ|pdôôôôÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿ4Ö laö $$Ifa$gd€\, ss.sÈsvtulcccc $Ifgd€\,’kd¢$$If–lÖÖ\”ÿˆ|pdôôôôÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿ4Ö laöuuuuVuXuz~ †Œb˜šlcWWWccccc $„7`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,’kdD$$If–lÖÖ\”ÿˆ|pdôôôôÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿÖÿÿÿÿ4Ö laö šêœÀ¥x¨¨¯2µ¸½$ÁÊìÊôAˆH^OÊPTW¼[´dÂfÜkmÞsPz€Žˆˆ’ˆ”ˆöööööööööööööööööööööñöïïæ„7`„7gd€\,gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,άâ¯è¯B°H°¶°º°@·D·^·b··’·¢·¤·¦·Ø·Ú·à·ä·¸¸¸¸¸¸4¸8¸ž¸ ¸¤¸¶¸¸¸¼¸θиܸê¸î¸ð¸ô¸ö¸¹¹¹¹¹¹ ¹J¹N¹Š¹Œ¹–¹˜¹ȹʹԹ޹⹺ºVºZº|º€ºĺƺ»»»¼¼üóüóüóüóüóüìüáìüìüìüÚáÐáÐüóüìóüìóüóÄüĶĶĶĶĶÄüóüÚüìüóÄüóüóüìüìüìüìÐüóh€\,6H*]mHnHuh€\,6]mHnHuh€\,h€\,6] h€\,h€\,h€\,6]mH sH  h€\,6]h€\,mHnHuh€\,H¼¼x¼ˆ¼p€˜¤ÂNÃPÃÄÄÈÄ<Å>ÅöÈɨʬÊìÊ Ë”Í<ôAPBpBtB¼DÂDE EBEFEêIîIÚJþJnMtM M¤M¤P¨PÊP"Qz\|\~\Âf&gžj¨jŽˆ’ˆ”ˆ¦ˆ¨ˆÚˆóïèïèïèïáïØïáïØïØïÑïÏïÑïØïØïØïØïØïèïØïØïØïÑïÄáïÑïèï¼±¥’h€\,5CJ \aJ h€\,CJaJh€\,5;CJ\aJh€\,5CJ\aJh€\,mH sH h€\,6]mH sH U h€\,5\h€\,mHnHu h€\,h€\, h€\,6]h€\,h€\,6]mHnHu8@>4AB2>, G53> 2>2A5 =5;L7O A:070BL ?@> <KA;8, GC64K5 >4=0 4@C3>9; 2 @57C;LB0B5 <>O 2G5@0H=OO ;8G=>ABL GC2AB2C5BAO B>645AB25==>9 A <>59 ;8G=>ABLN, C<>70:;NG0NI59 2 40==CN <8=CBC. 0: G8AB> AC1J5:B82=>5 O2;5=85, MB> AC645=85 =5 ?@54AB02;O5B =8G53> >A>15==> B08=AB25==>3>. => ?@8=04;568B : 1>;LH><C :;0AAC AC645=89 > B>645AB25, 8 =8A:>;L:> =5 1>;55 70<5G0B5;L=> 2K@065=85 <KA;8 > B>645AB25 2 ?5@2>< ;8F5, G5< 2> 2B>@>< 8;8 B@5BL5<; C<AB25==K9 ?@>F5AA ?@54AB02;O5BAO ?> ACI5AB2C B>645AB25==K<, A:06C ;8 O: "/ B>645AB25= A <>59 ;8G=>ABLN 2 ?@>H54H5<" 8;8: "-B> ?5@> B> 65, :0:8< >=> 1K;> 8 2G5@0". 4=> B0: 65 ;53:> 4C<0BL, :0: 8 ?@>B82>?>;>6=>5. 5AL 2>?@>A 2 B><, 1C45B ;8 ?>4>1=>5 AC645=85 ?@028;L=K<. <55B ;8 <5AB> B>645AB2> 2 40==>< A;CG05 =0 A0<>< 45;5? ">645AB2> 2 ;8G=>AB8 :0: ?>7=0205<>< M;5<5=B5. A;8 2 AC645=88 " >O ;8G=>ABL B>645AB25==0 A <>59 2G5@0H=59 ;8G=>ABLN" <K 1C45< ?>=8<0BL ;8G=>ABL 2 H8@>:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, B>, >G5284=>, GB> 2> <=>38E >B=>H5=8OE >=0 O2;O5BAO =5 B>645AB25==>9. 0: :>=:@5B=0O ;8G=>ABL, O >B;8G0NAL >B B>3>, G5< O 1K;: B>340 O 1K;, =0?@8<5@, 3>;>45=, 0 B5?5@L AKB; B>340 3C;O; - B5?5@L >B4KE0N; B>340 O 1K; 154=55  B5?5@L 1>30G5; B>340 <>;>65 - B5?5@L AB0@H5 8 B. 4.  B5< =5 <5=55 2 4@C38E >B=>H5=8OE, :>B>@K5 <K <>65< ?@87=0BL =081>;55 ACI5AB25==K<8, O =5 87<5=8;AO. >5 8<O, <>O ?@>D5AA8O, <>8 >B=>H5=8O : >:@C60NI8< >AB0;8AL B5<8 65; <>8 A?>A>1=>AB8 8 70?0A ?0<OB8 =5 87<5=8;8AL A B5E ?>@ 70<5B=K< >1@07><. @><5 B>3>, <>O B>340H=OO 8 B5?5@5H=OO ;8G=>AB8 =5?@5@K2=K; 87<5=5=8O B0< ?@>8AE>48;8 ?>AB5?5==> 8 =8:>340 =5 :0A0;8AL A@07C 2A53> <>53> ACI5AB20. "0:8< >1@07><, <>5 ;8G=>5 B>645AB2> A A0<8< A>1>9 ?> E0@0:B5@C @5H8B5;L=> =8G5< =5 >B;8G05BAO >B B>645AB20, CAB0=02;8205<>3> <564C :0:8<8-=81C4L 25I5AB25==K<8 03@530B0<8. -B>  C<>70:;NG5=85, >A=>20==>5 8;8 =0 AE>4AB25 2 ACI5AB25==KE G5@B0E, 8;8 =0 =5?@5@K2=>AB8 A@02=8205<KE O2;5=89. "5@<8= B>645AB2> ;8G=>AB8 4>;65= 8<5BL B>;L:> B> 7=0G5=85, :>B>@>5 30@0=B8@C5BAO C:070==K<8 >A=>20=8O<8; 53> =5 A;54C5B ?>=8<0BL 2 A<KA;5 01A>;NB=>3>, <5B0D878G5A:>3> 548=AB20, 2 :>B>@>< 4>;6=K ABCH520BLAO 2A5 @07;8G8O. 8G=>ABL 2 55 =0AB>OI5< 8 ?@>H54H5< ;8HL ?>AB>;L:C B>645AB25==0, ?>A:>;L:C 2 =59 459AB28B5;L=> 5ABL B>645AB25==>ABL - =5 1>;55. 5 B>645AB2> - @>4>2>5. > MB> @>4>2>5 B>645AB2> ACI5AB2C5B A> AB>;L 65 @50;L=K<8 @>4>2K<8 >A>15==>ABO<8, 8 5A;8 A >4=>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O O ?@54AB02;ON >4=C ;8G=>ABL, B> A 4@C3>9 O A B0:8< 65 >A=>20=85< <>3C AG8B0BLAO <=>38<8 ;8G=>ABO<8. "> 65 <>6=> A:070BL 8 > ?@87=0:5 =5?@5@K2=>AB8; >= A>>1I05B ;8G=>AB8 B>;L:> 548=AB2> "A?;>H=>AB8", F5;L=>AB8, =5:>B>@>5 2?>;=5 >?@545;5==>5 M<?8@8G5A:>5 A2>9AB2> - 8 =8G53> 1>;55. ">645AB2> 2 ;8G=>AB8 :0: ?>7=0NI5< M;5<5=B5. AQ, GB> 4> A8E ?>@ 3>2>@8;>AL, >B=>A8;>AL : ;8G=>AB8 :0: ?>7=0205<><C M;5<5=BC 2 A>7=0=88.  AC645=88 "/ B>645AB25= A A0<8< A>1>9" <K ?>=8<0;8 "O" 2 H8@>:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, :0: :>=:@5B=CN ;8G=>ABL. "5?5@L ?>?@>1C5< @0AA<0B@820BL "O" A 1>;55 C7:>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O, :0: ?>7=0NI89 AC1J5:B, :0:-B>, : G5<C >B=>AOBAO 8 G5< ?>7=0NBAO 2A5 :>=:@5B=K5 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8. 0725 2 B0:>< A;CG05 =5 >:065BAO, GB> "O" 2 @07;8G=K5 ?@><56CB:8 2@5<5=8 01A>;NB=> B>645AB25==>? 5GB>, ?>AB>O==> 2KE>4OI55 87 A2>8E ?@545;>2 =0AB>OI53>, A>7=0B5;L=> ?@8A20820NI55 A515 ;8G=>ABL ?@>H54H53> 8 8A:;NG0NI55 87 A51O B>, GB> =5 ?@8=04;568B ?>A;54=59 :0: GC64>5, @0725 MB> =5GB> =5 ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 =5:>B>@>3> ?>AB>O==>3> =587<5==>3> ?@8=F8?0 4CE>2=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, :>B>@K9 2A5340 8 25745 B>645AB25= A A0<8< A>1>9?  >1;0AB8 D8;>A>D88 8 2 >1K45==>9 687=8 3>A?>4AB2CNI8< >B25B>< =0 MB>B 2>?@>A O2;O5BAO CB25@48B5;L=K9 >B25B; 8 B5< =5 <5=55 MBC <KA;L B@C4=> >?@0240BL, ?>425@3=C2 55 ;>38G5A:><C 0=0;87C. A;8 1K =5 ACI5AB2>20;> ?@5E>4OI8E A>AB>O=89 A>7=0=8O, B>340 459AB28B5;L=> <K <>3;8 1K ?@54?>;>68BL, GB> =587<5==K9, 01A>;NB=> B>645AB25==K9 A0< A A>1>N ?@8=F8? O2;O5BAO 2 :064>< 87 =0A =5?@5AB0==> <KA;OI8< AC1J5:B><. > 5A;8 ?@87=0BL >B45;L=K5 A>AB>O=8O A>7=0=8O 70 @50;L=K5 D0:BK, B> =5B =04>1=>AB8 ?@54?>;030BL =8:0:>3> AC1AB0=F8>=0;L=>3> B>645AB20 4;O ?>7=0NI53> AC1J5:B0. G5@0H=85 8 A53>4=OH=85 A>AB>O=8O A>7=0=8O =5 8<5NB =8:0:>3> AC1AB0=F8>=0;L=>3> B>645AB20, 81> n B> 2@5<O, :0: >4=8 87 =8E 745AL, =0;8F>, 4@C385 1572>72@0B=> C<5@;8, 8AG57;8. E B>645AB2> - DC=:F8>=0;L=>5, B0: :0: B5 8 4@C385 ?>7=0NB B5 65 >1J5:BK, 8 ?>A:>;L:C ?@>H;>5 <>59 ;8G=>AB8 O2;O5BAO >4=8< 87 MB8E >1J5:B>2, ?>AB>;L:C >=8 B>645AB25==K< >1@07>< : =5<C >B=>AOBAO, 1;03>2>;O : =5<C, =07K20O 53> A2>8< 8 ?@>B82>?>AB02;OO 53> 2A5< 4@C38< ?>7=0205<K< 25I0<. -B> DC=:F8>=0;L=>5 B>645AB2> ;8G=>AB8 ?@54AB02;O5BAO =0< 548=AB25==K< 284>< B>645AB20, :>B>@>5 =5>1E>48<> 4>?CAB8BL, 8AE>4O 87 D0:B>2 >?KB0. O4 ;8F A A>25@H5==> >48=0:>2K< ?> A>45@60=8N ?@>H;K< O2;ONBAO A>25@H5==> 045:20B=K<8 =>A8B5;O<8 B>3> M<?8@8G5A:>3> B>645AB20 ;8G=>AB8, :>B>@>5 2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 8<55B :064K9 87 =0A. A8E>;>38O, :0: 5AB5AB25==0O =0C:0, 4>;6=0 4>?CAB8BL ACI5AB2>20=85 ?>B>:0 ?A8E8G5A:8E A>AB>O=89, A>25@H5==> 0=0;>38G=>3> ?>4>1=K< 65 ?@>F5AA0< <KA;8 C ?>A;54>20B5;L=>3> @O40 ;8F, 8 ?@8B>< ?>B>:0 B0:8E 4CH52=KE A>AB>O=89, 87 :>B>@KE :064>5 A2O70=> A> A;>6=K<8 >1J5:B0<8 ?>7=0=8O, ?5@568205B ?> >B=>H5=8N : =8< @07;8G=K5 M<>F88 8 45;05B <564C =8<8 8725AB=K9 2K1>@. 7 2A53> A:070==>3> ;>38G5A:8 2KB5:05B A;54CNI55: ?A8E>;>38O 8<55B 45;> B>;L:> A B5<8 8;8 4@C38<8 A>AB>O=8O<8 A>7=0=8O. >:07K20BL ACI5AB2>20=85 4CH8  45;> <5B0D878:8 8;8 1>3>A;>28O, => 4;O ?A8E>;>388 B0:0O 38?>B570 AC1AB0=F8>=0;L=>3> ?@8=F8?0 548=AB20 87;8H=O. 0: =0H5  O ?@8A208205B A515 A>45@60=85 ;8G=>AB8. > ?>G5<C 65 :064>5 ?>A;54>20B5;L=>5 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O ?@8A208205B A515 ?@>H54H55 A>45@60=85 ;8G=>AB8? KH5 O C?><O=C; > B><, GB> <>9 <8=C2H89 687=5==K9 >?KB ?@54AB02;O5BAO <=5 2 B0:>< A8<?0B8G=>< A25B5, 2 :0:>< <=5 =8:>340 =5 O2;O5BAO <8=C2H89 >?KB 4@C38E. >AB0@05<AO =09B8 4;O MB>3> =04;560I55 >1JOA=5=85. >O =0AB>OI0O ;8G=>ABL >ICI05BAO <=>N A >BB5=:>< @>4AB25==>AB8 8 B5?;>BK.  MB>< A;CG05 5ABL BO65;0O B5?;0O <0AA0 <>53> B5;0, 5ABL 8 O4@> <>59 4CE>2=>9 ;8G=>AB8  GC2AB2> 2=CB@5==59 0:B82=>AB8. 57 >4=>2@5<5==>3> A>7=0=8O MB8E 42CE >1J5:B>2 4;O =0A =52>7<>6=> @50;87>20BL =0AB>OICN ;8G=>ABL. AO:89 ?@54<5B, =0E>4OI89AO 2 >B40;5=88, 5A;8 >= C4>2;5B2>@O5B MB8< CA;>28O<, 1C45B A>7=020BLAO =0<8 A B0:8< 65 GC2AB2>< B5?;>BK 8 @>4AB25==>AB8. > :0:85 >B40;5==K5 >1J5:BK 459AB28B5;L=> C4>2;5B2>@ONB MB><C CA;>28N? G5284=>, B5, 8 B>;L:> B5, :>B>@K5 C4>2;5B2>@O;8 MB><C CA;>28N ?@5645, 2> 2@5<O 8E ACI5AB2>20=8O. E <K 1C45< 2A5340 2A?><8=0BL A GC2AB2>< 68259H59 A8<?0B88; : =8<, <>65B 1KBL, 5I5 A=>20 1C4CB A:;>=OBLAO =0 A0<>< 45;5 8<?C;LAK =0H59 2=CB@5==59 0:B82=>AB8. AB5AB25==K< A;54AB285< MB>3> 1C45B B>, GB> <K AB0=5< 0AA8<8;8@>20BL <8=C2H85 A>AB>O=8O =0H53> A>7=0=8O 4@C3 A 4@C3>< 8 A B5?5@5H=8< GC2AB2>< A8<?0B88 8 8=B8<=>AB8 2 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8 8 2 B> 65 2@5<O >B45;OBL 8E 2 2845 3@C??K >B ?>AB>@>==8E >1J5:B>2, =5 C4>2;5B2>@ONI8E MB><C CA;>28N A>25@H5==> B0: 65, :0: 0<5@8:0=A:89 A:>B>2>4, 2K?CAB82 =0 78<C B01C=K 8 AB040 ?0AB8AL =0 :0:CN-=81C4L H8@>:CN 70?04=CN ?@5@8N, 25A=>9, ?@8 ?>O2;5=88 A:C?I8:0, 87 <0AAK 682>B=KE, ?@8=04;560I8E @07;8G=K< ;8F0<, 2K18@05B 8 A>@B8@C5B ?@8=04;560I8E 5<C 8 8<5NI8E >A>1K9 7=0:. 5GB> A>25@H5==> 0=0;>38G=>5 ?@54AB02;O5B 4;O =0A =0H <8=C2H89 >?KB. ?KB 4@C38E ;N459, :0: 1K <=>3> O =8 7=0; > =5<, 2A5340 ;8H5= B>3> 682>3> :;59<0, :>B>@K< >1;040NB >1J5:BK <>53> A>1AB25==>3> ?@>H54H53> >?KB0. >B ?>G5<C 5B@, ?@>A=C2H8AL 2 >4=>9 ?>AB5;8 A 02;>< 8 2A?><8=0O B>, > G5< >=8 4C<0;8 >10 ?5@54 A=><, ?@8A208205B A515 8 >B>645AB2;O5B A8<?0B8G=K5 845< :0: A2>8 8 =8:>340 =5 GC2AB2C5B =0:;>==>AB8 A<5H0BL 8E A E>;>4=K<8 8 1;54=K<8 >1@070<8, 2 :>B>@KE 5<C ?@54AB02;O5BAO 4CH52=0O 687=L 02;0. "0:0O >H81:0 AB>;L 65 =52>7<>6=0, :0: =52>7<>6=> A<5H0BL A2>5 B5;>, :>B>@>5 2848HL 8 GC2AB2C5HL, A B5;>< 4@C3>3> G5;>25:0, :>B>@>5 B>;L:> 2848HL. 064K9 87 =0A, ?@>A=C2H8AL, 3>2>@8B:  >B >?OBL 745AL <>O ?@56=OO ;8G=>ABL , - B0: 65 :0: >= <>3 1K A:070BL:  >B >?OBL 745AL ?@56=OO :@>20BL, ?@56=OO :><=0B0, ?@56=89 <8@ . >4>1=K< 65 >1@07>< 2 G0AK =0H53> 1>4@AB2>20=8O, =5A<>B@O =0 B> GB> >4=> A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O C<8@05B, ?>AB>O==> 70<5=OOAL 4@C38<, 2A5 65 MB> 4@C3>5 A>AB>O=85 A>7=0=8O A@548 ?>7=0205<KE >1J5:B>2 =0E>48B A2>53> ?@54H5AB25==8:0 8, CA<0B@820O 2 =5< >?8A0==K< 2KH5 >1@07>< =5>ABK2HCN 682>ABL, 1;03>2>;8B : =5<C, 3>2>@O: ""K <>5, BK - G0ABL B>3> 65 A>7=0=8O, GB> 8 O". 0640O ?>74=59H0O <KA;L, >1=8<0O A>1>9 8 ?>7=020O ?@54H5AB2CNI85 <KA;8, O2;O5BAO :>=5G=K< ?@55<=8:>< 8 >1;040B5;5< 8E A>45@60=8O. > A;>20< 0=B0, 745AL A>25@H05BAO =5GB> 0=0;>38G=>5 B><C, :0: 5A;8 1K C?@C385 H0@K 1K;8 >40@5=K =5 B>;L:> 42865=85<, => 8 >A>7=020=85< MB>3> 42865=8O 8 ?5@2K9 H0@ A>>1I0; A2>5 42865=85 8 >A>7=020=85 53> 2B>@><C, :>B>@K9 A>>1I0; 1K 8 B> 8 4@C3>5 2<5AB5 A> A2>8< >A>7=020=85< 8 42865=85< B@5BL5<C, ?>:0, =0:>=5F, ?>A;54=89 H0@ =5 70:;NG0; 1K 2 A515 2A5, A>>1I5==>5 4@C38<8, 8 =5 >A>7=020; 1K 2A5 MB> :0: A2>5 A>1AB25==>5. ;03>40@O ?>4>1=><C D>:CAC, :>340 70@>640NI0OAO <KA;L =5<54;5==> ?>4E20BK205B 8AG570NICN 8 ?@8A208205B A515 55 A>45@60=85, 2 =0H5< A>7=0=88 >1@07C5BAO A2O7L <564C >B40;5==59H8<8 M;5<5=B0<8 =0H59 ;8G=>AB8. B> >1;0405B ?>A;54=8< ?> 2@5<5=8 M;5<5=B>< A>7=0=8O, >1;0405B 8 ?@54?>A;54=8<, 81> >1;040NI89 >1;040B5;5< >1;0405B 8 >1;0405<K<. 52>7<>6=> C:070BL =8:0:8E G5@B 2 ;8G=>< B>645AB25, ACI5AB2>20=85 :>B>@KE <>6=> 1K;> 1K 4>:070BL >?KB=K< ?CB5< 8 :>B>@K5 =5 1K;8 1K =0<8 2KH5 C:070=K; =52>7<>6=> ?@54AB028BL A515, :0: B@0=AF5=45=B0;L=K9 ?@8=F8? 548=AB20 (5A;8 1K >= 1K; 2 40==>< A;CG05 =0;8F>) <>3 1K @048 8725AB=>9 F5;8 >1J548=8BL <0B5@80; 8;8 ?>7=020BLAO =5 2 :0G5AB25 ?@>4C:B0 ?>B>:0 A>7=0=8O, 2 :>B>@>< :0640O ?>A;54CNI0O G0ABL ?>7=05B 8, ?>7=020O, >E20BK205B 8 ?@8A208205B A515 2A5 ?@54H5AB2>202H55, O2;OOAL ?@54AB028B5;5< 2A53> ?@>H;>3> ?>B>:0, A :>B>@K< 55 =5;L7O (@50;L=>) >B>645AB2;OBL. 8.A. :>= @>1;5<0 "/" 2 ?A8E>;>388 > 2A5< ?>4A;CH0BL 687=L AB@5<OAL, !?5H0B O2;5=LO >1574CH8BL, 01K2, GB> 5A;8 2 =8E =0@CH8B5: 4CH52;ONICN A2O7L, "> 1>;LH5 =5G53> 8 A;CH0BL. 5B5  >B;8G85 >B D8;>A>DA:8E B5>@89, ?@5B5=4CNI8E =0 @0A:@KB85 "8AB8==>9 ?@8@>4K" 8 "ACI=>AB8" "/" 2 F5;><, ?A8E>;>38O ?KB05BAO @0AG;5=8BL MBC ?@>1;5<C =0 A>AB02=K5 G0AB8, :>B>@K5 <>3;8 1K AB0BL ?@54<5B>< M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=KE 8AA;54>20=89. 4=0:> :;0AA8D8:0F8O A>>B25BAB2CNI8E A8E>;>38G5A:8E B5>@89 ?@54AB02;O5B 1>;LH85 B@C4=>AB8, B0: :0: >=8 48DD5@5=F8@CNBAO ?> @07;8G=K< ;8=8O<. >-?5@2KE, ?> ?@54<5BC, =0 :>B>@>< A>A@54>B>G5= 3;02=K9 8=B5@5A 8AA;54>20B5;59. 4=8 8=B5@5ACNBAO ?@5645 2A53> AC1J5:B=K<8 A2>9AB20<8 8=482840, 2=CB@5==8<8 8AB>G=8:0<8 53> 0:B82=>AB8, :>B>@K5 2KH5 1K;8 >1>7=0G5=K :0: 845=B8G=>ABL 8 "-3>". "0:>2K, =0?@8<5@, ?5@A>=0;8AB8G5A:0O ?A8E>;>38O, D@59487<, M:78AB5=F80;87<, M3>?A8E>;>38O. @C38E 70=8<05B ?@58<CI5AB25==> ">1@07 /" :0: M;5<5=B A0<>A>7=0=8O. >-2B>@KE, ?A8E>;>38G5A:85 8AA;54>20=8O @07;8G0NBAO ?> B5>@5B8G5A:><C :>=B5:ABC, C3;C 7@5=8O, ?>4 :>B>@K< @0AA<0B@8205BAO ?@>1;5<0 "/". "0<, 345 >B?@02=>9 B>G:>9 A;C68B B5>@8O ;8G=>AB8, "/" G0I5 2A53> <KA;8BAO :0: =5:>5 AB@C:BC@=>5 548=AB2> 8 =081>;LH55 2=8<0=85 ?@82;5:0NB 53> @53C;OB82=K5 DC=:F88.  :>=B5:AB5 B5>@88 A>7=0=8O =0 ?5@2K9 ?;0= 2KABC?0NB :>3=8B82=K5 >A>15==>AB8 ?@>F5AA>2 A0<>A>7=0=8O, 045:20B=>ABL A0<>>F5=>: 8 B. ?. -B@5BL8E, ACI5AB25==> @07;8G05BAO <5B>4>;>38G5A:0O AB@0B538O 8AA;54>20=89. "0:, ?>4E>4 : 87CG5=8N A0<>>F5=>:, MB>3> F5==59H53> 8AB>G=8:0 2 ?>=8<0=88 ">1@070 /", <5=O5BAO 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B B>3>, @0AA<0B@820NBAO >=8 8AA;54>20B5;5< :0: =5?>A@54AB25==K5 :><?>=5=BK ">1@070 /" 8;8 B>;L:> :0: 8=48:0B>@K :0:8E-B> 3;C18==KE 8 =5 >A>7=0205<KE ;8G=>ABLN :0G5AB2 (=0?@8<5@, A0<>C2065=8O). A8E>;>3, AG8B0NI89 ;8G=>ABL ?@>AB> AC<<>9 G5@B, <>65B C4>2;5B2>@8BLAO >?8A0B5;L=>  :><?>=5=B=K< 0=0;87>< 8 A:065B, GB> ">1@07 /" A:;04K205BAO 87 ?@54AB02;5=89 8=482840 > A2>5< B5;5, C<5, A?>A>1=>ABOE, A>F80;L=>< ?>;>65=88 8 B. 4. ;O A8AB5<=>-AB@C:BC@=>3> <KH;5=8O B0:0O AB@0B538O ?@8=F8?80;L=> =5?@85<;5<0, 35=578A A0<>A>7=0=8O @8AC5BAO 5<C 3>@074> 1>;55 A;>6=K<. 5@2K5 H038 =0CG=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 0=0;870 G5;>25G5A:>3> "/" 1K;8 A2O70=K A @0728B85< 5AB5AB25==>=0CG=>3> <KH;5=8O 8 1>@L1>9 ?@>B82 8450;87<0. 450;8AB8G5A:85 B5>@88 ?A8E8:8, AG8B02H85 "/" 8AB>G=8:>< 2A5E G5;>25G5A:8E 459AB289, ?@8@02=820;8 53> : "4CH5", 8;8 =5<0B5@80;L=><C "2=CB@5==5<C 035=BC", :>B>@K9 =0?@02;O5B ?>2545=85 8=482840, 0 A0< =5 <>65B 1KBL =8 2K2545=, =8 A2545=, =8 >1JOA=5=. AB5AB25==>, GB> =0CG=0O ?A8E>;>38O AB@5<8;0AL @07>1;0G8BL MB>B "?@87@0:", ?> 2K@065=8N . . !5G5=>20, A25AB8 53> : :0:8<-B> <0B5@80;L=K< ?@>F5AA0<. > : :0:8< 8<5==>? >;LH8=AB2> ?A8E>;>3>2 XIX 2. 2845;8 2 "/" GC2AB25==K9 >1@07, D>@<8@CNI89AO =0 >A=>25 A0<>>ICI5=89 8 70:@5?;5==KE ?0<OBLN 0AA>F80F89. "0:, 6. !B. 8;;L A2O7K20; ?>O2;5=85 "/" A ?0<OBLN > A>25@H5==>< 459AB288. > <=5=8N '. 8@A0, "845O /" 2>7=8:05B C @515=:0 2 @57C;LB0B5 0AA>F80F88 D0:B0 ?5@5<5I5=8O 25I59 A 42865=85< A>1AB25==>3> B5;0, :>B>@>5 >A>7=05BAO :0: ?@8G8=0 ?5@5<5I5=8O. . C=4B ?>=8<05B "/" :0: GC2AB2> A2O78 2A5E 8=48284C0;L=KE ?A8E8G5A:8E ?5@56820=89, ?@84020O >A>1>5 7=0G5=85 2 53> 35=578A5 :8=5AB5B8G5A:8< >ICI5=8O<. -B0 B5=45=F8O 8<5;0 <0B5@80;8AB8G5A:CN =0?@02;5==>ABL, 1K;0 >@85=B8@>20=0 =0 M:A?5@8<5=B 8 A?>A>1AB2>20;0 @0728B8N @O40 206=KE 8AA;54>20=89 (=0?@8<5@, B>3>, :0: G5;>25: >A>7=05B AE5<C A>1AB25==>3> B5;0). A>15==> F5==K<8 2 MB>< ?;0=5 1K;8 @01>BK . . !5G5=>20. " 515=>:, - ?8A0; !5G5=>2, - <=>65AB2> @07 ?>;CG05B >B A2>53> B5;0 AC<<C A0<>>ICI5=89 2> 2@5<O AB>O=8O, A845=8O, 1530=8O 8 ?@.  MB8E AC<<0E, @O4>< A >4=>@>4=K<8 G;5=0<8, 5ABL 8 @07;8G=K5, A?5F80;L=> E0@0:B5@87CNI85 AB>O=85, E>4L1C 8 ?@. "0: :0: MB8 A>AB>O=8O >G5=L ?5@5<560NBAO 4@C3 A 4@C3><, B> ACI5AB2C5B BL<0 CA;>289 4;O 8E A>87<5@5=8O 2 A>7=0=88. @>4C:BK ?>A;54=53> 8 2K@060NBAO <KA;O<8: "5BO A848B 8;8 E>48B". 45AL 5BO >1>7=0G05B, :>=5G=>, =5 >B2;5G5=85 87 AC<<K A0<>>ICI5=89 ?>AB>O==KE G;5=>2 >B 87<5=G82KE... => <KA;8 2A5-B0:8 A>>B25BAB2C5B OA=>5 C65 8 2 C<5 @515=:0 >B45;5=85 A2>53> B5;0 >B A2>8E 459AB289. 0B5<, 0 <>65B 1KBL 8 >4=>2@5<5==> A MB8<, @515=>: =0G8=05B >B45;OBL 2 A>7=0=88 >B ?@>G53> B5 >ICI5=8O, :>B>@K5 A>AB02;ONB ?>7K2 =0 459AB28O; @515=>: 3>2>@8B: "5BO E>G5B 5ABL, E>G5B 3C;OBL".  ?5@2KE <KA;OE 2K@0605BAO 157@07;8G=> A>AB>O=85 A2>53> B5;0 :0: F5;L=>5 A0<>>ICI5=85; 745AL 65 A>7=0=0 @0745;L=>ABL C65 42CE A0<>>ICI5=89... "0: :0: MB8 A>AB>O=8O <>3CB ?@>8AE>48BL ?@8 A845=L5, ?@8 E>4L15 8 ?@., B> 4>;6=> ?@>8AE>48BL A>87<5@5=85 8E 4@C3 A 4@C3>< 2 A>7=0=88.  @57C;LB0B5 2KE>48B, GB> 5BO B> GC2AB2C5B ?8I52>9 3>;>4, B> 3C;O;L=K9; B> E>48B, B> 15305B - 2> 2A5E A;CG0OE 5BO O2;O5BAO B5< >1I8< 8AB>G=8:><, 2=CB@8 :>B>@>3> @>4OBAO >ICI5=8O 8 87 :>B>@>3> 2KE>4OB 459AB28O". 4=0:> >3@0=8G5==>ABL ?A8E>D878>;>38G5A:>3> 8 0AA>F80=8ABA:>3> ?>4E>40 : ?@>1;5<5 "/" A>AB>O;0 2 B><, GB> >= =5 2845; A>F80;L=KE 0A?5:B>2 A0<>A>7=0=8O. 07C<55BAO, 4065 02B>@K :;0AA8G5A:8E @>18=7>=04, =5 3>2>@O C65 > ?A8E>;>30E XIX 2., ?@5:@0A=> ?>=8<0;8, GB> G5;>25: 6825B 2 >1I5AB25 8 7028A8B >B =53>. > >1I5AB2>, ?>4>1=> ?@>AB@0=AB2C 2 =LNB>=>2A:>9 D878:5, <KA;8;>AL ;8HL :0: CA;>285, @0<:0, 2=5H=OO A@540 @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8. !>45@60=85 65 @5D;5:A82=>3> "/" :070;>AL =5?>A@54AB25==> 40==K< (A0<>GC2AB285) 8;8 D>@<8@CNI8<AO 2 @57C;LB0B5 A0<>=01;N45=8O. > GB> ?>1C6405B G5;>25:0 : A0<>@5D;5:A88, :0:>2K :@8B5@88 53> A0<>>F5=>: 8 ?>G5<C >= 70>AB@O5B 2=8<0=85 =0 >4=8E 0A?5:B0E A>1AB25==>3> >?KB0 2 CI5@1 4@C38<? '5;>25: >A>7=05B ?@5645 2A53> B0:85 A2>8 A2>9AB20, =0 :>B>@K5 :B>-B> 8;8 GB>-B> >1@0I05B 53> 2=8<0=85. -B> 25@=> 4065 >B=>A8B5;L=> M;5<5=B0@=KE D878G5A:8E A2>9AB2. 0<5G5=>, GB>, @8ACO A;>25A=K9 ?>@B@5B 4@C3>3> G5;>25:0 8;8 02B>?>@B@5B, >4@>AB:8 7=0G8B5;L=> G0I5, G5< 45B8 8 27@>A;K5, 2:;NG0NB 2 MB8 >?8A0=8O A2>9AB20 :>68. 5;> 2 B><, GB> ?>O2;ONI85AO 2 A2O78 A ?>;>2K< A>7@520=85< 87<5=5=8O :>6=>3> ?>:@>20 =52>;L=> ?@82;5:0NB : A515 2=8<0=85 >:@C60NI8E, 4>AB02;OO ?>4@>AB:0< <=>3> =5?@8OB=>AB59. #65 ?@>AB>5 >?8A0=85, D8:A0F8O B>3> 8;8 8=>3> :0G5AB20 1>;LH59 G0ABLN 2:;NG05B 2 A51O <><5=B >F5=:8 8 A@02=5=8O. @O4 ;8 :B>-=81C4L 87<5@O; 4;8=C A2>53> =>A0 2 A0=B8<5B@0E. 4=0:> :064K9 7=05B, 1>;LH>9 C =53> =>A 8;8 <0;5=L:89, :@0A82K9 8;8 =5:@0A82K9. >AB8305BAO MB> ?CB5< A@02=5=8O. @8;56=K9, C<=K9, A8;L=K9, :@0A82K9, 2A?K;LG82K9, ?>A;CH=K9, AB0@0B5;L=K9 - 2A5 MB8 >?@545;5=8O 8<5NB >F5=>G=K9 A<KA; 8 >1O70B5;L=> ?@54?>;030NB A@02=5=85 A :5<-B>. 073@0=8G8BL >A>7=0=85 <=>38E A2>8E ?A8E8G5A:8E 8 4065 B5;5A=KE A2>9AB2 >B 8E A>F80;L=>-=@02AB25==>9 8;8 MAB5B8G5A:>9 A0<>>F5=:8 ?@0:B8G5A:8 =52>7<>6=>. %>BO ">1@07 /" 2A5340 2:;NG05B 2 A51O >?@545;5==K9 =01>@ :><?>=5=B>2 (?@54AB02;5=85 > A2>5< B5;5, A2>8E ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB20E, <>@0;L=KE :0G5AB20E 8 B.4.), 8E :>=:@5B=>5 A>45@60=85 8 7=0G8<>ABL 20@L8@CNBAO 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B A>F80;L=KE 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E CA;>289 8 A>AB>O=89. @><5 B>3>, G5;>25: =5 ?@>AB> "C7=05B", ">B:@K205B", => 8 0:B82=> D>@<8@C5B A51O. A>7=0=85 :0:8E-B> A2>8E A?>A>1=>AB59 <5=O5B 53> A0<>>F5=:C 8 C@>25=L ?@8BO70=89, 40 8 A0<8 MB8 A?>A>1=>AB8 =5 B>;L:> ?@>O2;ONBAO, => 8 D>@<8@CNBAO 2 45OB5;L=>AB8. #OA=5=85 MB>3> ?>AB5?5==> ?>42>48;> ?A8E>;>3>2, :0: @0=55 A;CG8;>AL A D8;>A>D0<8, : ?>=8<0=8N A>F80;L=>9 ?@8@>4K "/". 5@2K< H03>< 2 MB>< =0?@02;5=88 1K;> ?@87=0=85, GB> =0@O4C A 18>;>38G5A:8<, B5;5A=K< "/", : >A>7=0=8N :>B>@>3> 8=48284 ?@8E>48B "87=CB@8", 1;03>40@O @0728B8N >@30=8G5A:>3> A0<>GC2AB28O, ">1@07 /" 2:;NG05B 2 A51O A>F80;L=K5 :><?>=5=BK, 8AB>G=8:>< :>B>@KE O2;O5BAO 2708<>459AB285 8=482840 A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8. 081>;55 8725AB=K< 20@80=B>< MB>9 <>45;8 1K;0 B5>@8O #8;LO<0 65<A0. 65<5 =0G8=05B A B>3>, GB> @073@0=8G8205B "?>7=0NI55 /", "?>B>: A>7=0NI59 <KA;8", :>B>@>5 >= >1>7=0G05B 0=3;89A:8< A;>2>< "I" (1C:20;L=>  "O", <5AB>8<5=85 ?5@2>3> ;8F0 548=AB25==>3> G8A;0), 8 "M<?8@8G5A:>5 /", >1>7=0G05<>5 A;>2>< "me" (1C:20;L=> - "<5=O", :>B>@>5 =5 8<55B 2 @CAA:>< O7K:5 045:20B=>9 3@0<<0B8G5A:>9 D>@<K 4;O ?5@540G8 53> ACI5AB28B5;L=K<). "Me" - MB> ">1I89 8B>3 2A53>, GB> G5;>25: <>65B =0720BL A2>8<, 2:;NG0O =5 B>;L:> 53> A>1AB25==>5 B5;> 8 ?A8E8G5A:85 A8;K, => 8 2A5 ?@8=04;560I55 5<C  >4564C, 4><, A5<LN, ?@54:>2 8 4@C759, @5?CB0F8N, B2>@G5A:85 4>AB865=8O, 75<5;L=CN A>1AB25==>ABL 8 4065 OEBC 8 B5:CI89 AG5B". "-<?8@8G5A:>5 /" 65<A 2 A2>N >G5@54L ?>4@0745;O5B =0 B@8 :><?>=5=B0: "<0B5@80;L=>5 /" - B5;>, >45640, A>1AB25==>ABL; "A>F80;L=>5 /"  B>, G5< ?@87=0NB 40==>3> G5;>25:0 >:@C60NI85 (:064K9 G5;>25: 8<55B AB>;L:> @07=KE "A>F80;L=KE /", A:>;L:> ACI5AB2C5B >B45;L=KE 3@C?? 8;8 :@C6:>2, > <=5=88 :>B>@KE >= 701>B8BAO); "4CE>2=>5 /"  A>2>:C?=>ABL ?A8E8G5A:8E A?>A>1=>AB59 8 A:;>==>AB59. @8 2A59 "1C@6C07=>AB8" MB>9 <>45;8, 2 :>B>@>9 B5:CI89 AG5B - B0:>9 65 206=K9 :><?>=5=B "/", :0: 8 B5;>, 2:;NG5=85 2 =55 A>F80;L=KE E0@0:B5@8AB8: 1K;>, =5A><=5==>, H03>< 2?5@54.  1C@6C07=>< >1I5AB25 A>1AB25==>ABL, 8<CI5AB25==>5 ?>;>65=85 8 2?@024C A>AB02;ONB 206=K9 :><?>=5=B ;8G=>AB8 8 55 A0<>A>7=0=8O (2A?><=8< 1;5ABOI85 @0AAC645=8O . 0@:A0 > B><, :0: ?@8BO30B5;L=0O A8;0 45=53 =59B@0;87C5B 8 ?5@525H8205B >BB0;:820NICN A8;C C@>4AB20). 4=0:> A>F80;L=K5 8 8=48284C0;L=>-?@8@>4=K5 :><?>=5=BK "/" >AB0NBAO 2 AE5<5 65<A0 @O4>?>;>6=K<8. 564C B5< >A>7=0=85 8=48284C0;L=>-?@8@>4=KE :0G5AB2 B0:65 8<55B A2>8 A>F80;L=K5 ?@54?>AK;:8. ?>;=5 70:>=><5@=> ?>MB><C, GB> 2 ?>A;54CNI5< "A>F8>;>3870F8O" ?@>1;5<K "/" 1K;0 ?@>4>;65=0.  =0G0;5 XX 2. A>F8>;>3 '0@;7 %>@B>= C;8 AD>@<C;8@>20; B5>@8N "75@:0;L=>3> /", A>3;0A=> :>B>@>9 ?@54AB02;5=85 G5;>25:0 > A0<>< A515, "845O /", A:;04K205BAO ?>4 2;8O=85< <=5=89 >:@C60NI8E 8 2:;NG05B B@8 :><?>=5=B0: ?@54AB02;5=85 0 B><, :0:8< O :06CAL 4@C3><C ;8FC, ?@54AB02;5=85 > B><, :0: MB>B 4@C3>9 <5=O >F5=8205B, 8 A2O70==CN A MB8< A0<>>F5=:C, GC2AB2> 3>@4>AB8 ?;8 C=865=8O. "45O /" D>@<8@C5BAO C65 2 @0==5< 2>7@0AB5 2 E>45 2708<>459AB28O 8=482840 A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8, ?@8G5< @5H0NI55 7=0G5=85 8<5NB B0: =07K205<K5 ?5@28G=K5 3@C??K (A5<LO, A25@AB=8:8 8 B. 4.).  40-50-E 3>40E B5>@8O "75@:0;L=>3> /" AB0;0 107>9 <=>65AB20 M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=KE 8AA;54>20=89, 2KOA=ONI8E 7028A8<>ABL ">1@070 /" 8;8 G0AB=KE A0<>>F5=>: >B <=5=8O >:@C60NI8E. 57C;LB0BK MB8E 8AA;54>20=89 ?>:07K20;8, GB> ?>4 2;8O=85< 1;03>?@8OB=KE AC645=89 >:@C60NI8E A0<>>F5=:0 ?>2KH05BAO, =51;03>?@8OB=KE - A=8605BAO, ?@8G5< =5@54:> <5=O5BAO 8 A0<>>F5=:0 B5E :0G5AB2, :>B>@K5 =5 ?>425@30;8AL >F5=:5 A> AB>@>=K. "0:, ?>E20;0, ?>;CG5==0O >B 02B>@8B5B=>9 4;O ;8G=>AB8 3@C??K, <>65B A?>A>1AB2>20BL ?>2KH5=8N >1I53> C@>2=O 55 ?@8BO70=89. >A:>;L:C B5>@8O "75@:0;L=>3> /" 2 55 ?5@2>=0G0;L=>< 20@80=B5 0:F5=B8@>20;0 2=8<0=85 =0 7028A8<>AB8 D>@<8@>20=8O ">1@070 /" >B <=5=8O "7=0G8<>3> 4@C3>3>", G5;>25G5A:>5 "/" 2K3;O48B 2 =59 ?0AA82=K<: >=> B>;L:> >B@0605B 8 AC<<8@C5B GC685 <=5=8O =0 A2>9 AG5B, 0 2708<>459AB285 ;N459 2 ?@>F5AA5 8E A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 A2>48BAO : >1<5=C <=5=8O<8. 0 45;5 :064K9 8=48284 >1I05BAO A <=>65AB2>< @07=KE ;N459, :>B>@K5 2>A?@8=8<0NB 8 >F5=820NB 53> =5>48=0:>2>. @><5 B>3>, @07;8G=K5 ;N48 (8 3@C??K) =5>48=0:>2> 7=0G8<K 4;O ;8G=>AB8. 0?@8<5@, 2 >4=8E A;CG0OE 1>;LH55 2;8O=85 =0 ?>4@>AB:0 <>3CB >:070BL @>48B5;8, A5<LO, 0 2 4@C38E - A25@AB=8:8, ?@8OB5;8. 0:>=5F, ;8G=>ABL =5 <5E0=8G5A:8 CA208205B 'C685 <=5=8O > A515, => 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 A0<>AB>OB5;L=> >A<KA;8205B 8 >B18@05B 8E, 8A?>;L7CO ?@8 MB>< A>1AB25==K5 :@8B5@88. $>@<8@>20=85 G5;>25G5A:>3> "/" 2 ?@>F5AA5 @50;L=>3> 2708<>459AB28O 8=482840 A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8 2 @0<:0E >?@545;5==KE A>F80;L=KE 3@C?? 8 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B 2K?>;=O5<KE ;8G=>ABLN @>;59 1K;> 8AA;54>20=> 0<5@8:0=A:8< CG5=K< 6>@465< 5@15@B>< 84>< (1863 1931), @>4>=0G0;L=8:>< 8=B5@0:F8>=8ABA:>9 (>B interaction  2708<>459AB285) >@85=B0F88 2 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388.  ?@>B82>?>;>6=>ABL B5<, :B> AG8B0;, GB> ">1@07 /" 40= 8=48284C =5?>A@54AB25==> 8;8 D>@<8@C5BAO ?CB5< >1>1I5=8O A0<>>ICI5=89. 84 CB25@6405B, GB> A0<>A>7=0=85 - MB> ?@>F5AA, 2 >A=>25 :>B>@>3> ;568B ?@0:B8G5A:>5 2708<>459AB285 8=482840 A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8. "=48284 ?>7=05B A51O :0: B0:>2>3> =5 ?@O<>, 0 B>;L:> :>A25==>, A G0AB=KE B>G5: 7@5=8O 4@C38E G;5=>2 40==>9 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??K 8;8 A >1>1I5==>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O 2A59 3@C??K, : :>B>@>9 >= ?@8=04;568B, 81> >= 2E>48B 2 A2>9 A>1AB25==K9 >?KB :0: / 8;8 :0: 8=48284 =5 ?@O<> 8 =5?>A@54AB25==>..., 0 B>;L:> AB02 4;O A51O B0:8< 65 >1J5:B><, :0:8< O2;ONBAO 4;O =53> 4@C385 8=48284K. 1J5:B>< 65 4;O A51O >= <>65B AB0BL, ?@8=O2 >B=>H5=8O : A515 4@C38E 8=48284>2, 2 @0<:0E B>9 A>2<5AB=>9 >1I5AB25==>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, 2 :>B>@CN >=8 2>2;5G5=K". 'B>1K CA?5H=> 2708<>459AB2>20BL A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8, =5>1E>48<> ?@542845BL @50:F8N ?0@B=5@0 =0 B> ?;8 8=>5 B2>5 459AB285. 5D;5:A8O =0 A51O 5ABL, ?> ACB8 45;0, =5 GB> 8=>5, :0: A?>A>1=>ABL ?>AB028BL A51O =0 <5AB> 4@C3>3>, CA2>8BL >B=>H5=85 4@C38E : A515. @>AB59H59 <>45;LN MB>3> ?@>F5AA0 <>65B A;C68BL, ?> 84C, ?A8E>;>38O 45BA:>9 83@K. !=0G0;0 @515=>: ?@>AB> ?>4@0605B ?>2545=8N >:@C60NI8E 53> ;N459. = 2KABC?05B B> 2 @>;8 2>A?8B0B5;O, 45;0O :><C-B> 70<5G0=8O, B> 2 @>;8 2>A?8BC5<>3> - A0< 8A?>;=O5B B>;L:> GB> 40==K5 C:070=8O. > MB8 A<5=ONI85AO @>;8 5I5 =5 8=B53@8@>20=K 2 >?@545;5==CN A8AB5<C.  :064K9 40==K9 <><5=B @515=>: ?@54AB02;O5B A51O :5<-B> 4@C38<. BAN40 - 2=5H=OO =5?>A;54>20B5;L=>ABL 53> 459AB289, :>B>@K5 <>6=> ?>=OBL, B>;L:> 7=0O, :5< >= A51O 2 40==K9 <><5=B 2>>1@0605B 8 :0: >= >?@545;O5B A2>N @>;L. = <>65B 2>>1@060BL A51O =5 B>;L:> G5;>25:><, => 8 682>B=K< 8 4065 =5>4CH52;5==K< ?@54<5B>< (=0?@8<5@, ?0@>2>7><).  >B=>H5=8OE A ;N4L<8 @515=>: =5 AB>;L:> "?@8=8<05B @>;L" 4@C3>3> (AB028B A51O =0 53> <5AB>), A:>;L:> 845=B8D8F8@C5BAO A =8<, CA20820O ?@8 MB>< 8 53> >B=>H5=85 : A515, ;81> AB>;L 65 >4=>7=0G=> ?@8?8AK205B 4@C3><C A2>8 A>1AB25==K5 <>B82K. > <5@5 CA;>6=5=8O 83@>2>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 @515=:0 :@C3 53> "7=0G8<KE 4@C38E" @0AH8@O5BAO, 0 53> >B=>H5=8O A =8<8 AB0=>2OBAO 2A5 1>;55 8718@0B5;L=K<8. -B> B@51C5B 8 1>;55 A;>6=>9 2=CB@5==59 @53C;OF88 ?>2545=8O. 'B>1K CG0AB2>20BL 2 :>;;5:B82=>9 83@5 (=0?@8<5@, 2 DCB1>;), @515=>: 4>;65= CA2>8BL F5;CN A8AB5<C ?@028;, @53C;8@CNI8E >B=>H5=8O <564C 83@>:0<8, 8 C<5BL A>>1@07>20BL A2>? 459AB28O A> 2A5<8 4@C38<8 G;5=0<8 :><0=4K. -B> 7=0G8B, GB> >= >@85=B8@C5BAO C65 =5 =0 B45;L=KE :>=:@5B=KE 4@C38E, 0 ?0 =5:>53> ">1>1I5==>3> 4@C3>3>". 2;045BL @>;LN 2@0B0@O -7=0G8B CA2>8BL ?@028;0 83@K 8 B5 >6840=8O (M:A?5:B0F88), :>B>@K5 ?@54JO2;ONBAO : 2@0B0@N 2A5<8 G;5=0<8 :><0=4K. !>>B25BAB25==> 8 A0<>>F5=:0 A51O 2 @>;8 2@0B0@O (E>@>H89 O 2@0B0@L 8;8 ?;>E>9) 7028A8B >B B>3>, =0A:>;L:> 40==K9 8=48284 >B25G05B MB8< >6840=8O<. > MB0 70:>=><5@=>ABL ACI5AB2C5B =5 B>;L:> 2 83@5. '5;>25: 2 ?@8=F8?5 =5 <>65B >A>7=0BL 8 >?8A0BL A51O 157 ?><>I8 :0B53>@89, >1>7=0G0NI8E 53> ?>;, 2>7@0AB, A>F80;L=CN ?@8=04;56=>ABL, @>4 70=OB89, A5<59=>5 ?>;>65=85 8 B. 4. 0640O B0:0O E0@0:B5@8AB8:0 ("<C6G8=0", "27@>A;K9", "CG8B5;L", ">B5F") >1>7=0G05B 70=8<05<CN 8=48284>< A>F80;L=CN ?>78F8N 8 A2O70==CN A MB8< A8AB5<C 2708<=KE >6840=89.  :>=F5?F88 840 "/" ?@54AB05B :0: ?@>872>4=>5 >B 3@C??>2>3> "K", :>B>@>5 >=> :>A25==> 2:;NG05B 2 A51O, ?@8G5< A>45@60=85 "/" >1CA;>2;5=> C65 =5 <=5=8O<8 4@C38E ;N459, 0 @50;L=K<8 2708<>>B=>H5=8O<8 A =8<8, 8E A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>ABLN. @><5 8=48284C0;L=KE "7=0G8<KE 4@C38E" ?>O2;O5BAO >1>1I5==K9, "35=5@0;87>20==K9 4@C3>9", :>B>@K< <>65B 1KBL =5 B>;L:> A5<LO 8;8 83@>20O 3@C??0, => 8 >1I5AB2> 2 F5;><. "=48284C0;L=>5 /", ?>4G5@:820; 84, ?> ?@>AB> "2:;NG05B" 2 A51O >B45;L=K5 A>F80;L=K5 :><?>=5=BK, => 2A5 >=> F5;>< "5ABL ?> A0<>9 ACB8 A2>59 A>F80;L=0O AB@C:BC@0, 2K@0AB0NI0O 87 A>F80;L=>3> >?KB0". ?8A0=85 ;8G=>AB8 8 55 "/" G5@57 3@C??>2K5 ?@8=04;56=>AB8 8 A>F80;L=K5 @>;8, ?> ACB8 45;0, ;8HL ?5@52>48B =0 O7K: ?A8E>;>388 B>, : G5<C 402=> C65 ?@8H;8 D8;>A>DK (2A?><=8< 3535;52A:CN AE5<C ?5@5E>40 >B 548=8G=>3> A0<>A>7=0=8O : 2A5>1I5<C, D595@10E>2A:>5 >1=0@C65=85 "/" 2 ""K" 8, =0:>=5F, 2KA:07K20=85 . 0@:A0 > 5B@5 8 02;5). 4=0:> C?>B@51;5=85 B5@<8=0 "@>;L" 2 40==>< A;CG05 =5 A;54C5B 8AB>;:>2K20BL, GB> =5@54:> A;CG05BAO, :0: ?@O<>5 A2545=85 ;8G=>AB8 : A>2>:C?=>AB8 2K?>;=O5<KE 5N A>F80;L=KE DC=:F89 8;8, 5I5 B>3> EC65, : ;>6=><C, @07K3@K205<><C ?>2545=8N. ">=5G=>, @515=>: CA208205B B>, :0: >= 4>;65= 25AB8 A51O A <0<>9, A:065<, GB> 55 =C6=> A;CH0BLAO, 8 >= A;CH05BAO, => <>6=> ;8 A:070BL, GB> ?@8 MB>< >= 83@05B @>;L AK=0 ?;8 4>G5@8?  A?@0H8205B 8725AB=K9 A>25BA:89 ?A8E>;>3 . . 5>=BL52. !B>;L 65 =5;5?> 3>2>@8BL, =0?@8<5@, > "@>;8" ?>;O@=>3> 8AA;54>20B5;O, "0:F5?B8@>20==>9" 0=A5=><: 4;O =53> MB> =5 "@>;L", 0 <8AA8O. =>340 G5;>25: 459AB28B5;L=> @07K3@K205B BC 8;8 8=CN @>;L, => >=0 2A5 65 >AB05BAO 4;O =53> B>;L:> "@>;LN", =57028A8<> >B B>3>, =0A:>;L:> >=0 8=B5@=0;878@>20=0. " >;L" - =5 ;8G=>ABL, 0, A:>@55, 87>1@065=85, 70 :>B>@K< >=0 A:@K205BAO". > 5A;8 "@>;L", :0: A;54C5B 87 >?@545;5=8O A0<>3> . . 5>=BL520, 5ABL ?@>3@0<<0, ":>B>@0O >B25G05B >68405<><C ?>2545=8N G5;>25:0, 70=8<0NI53> >?@545;5==>5 <5AB> 2 AB@C:BC@5 B>9 8;8 8=>9 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??K", 8;8 "AB@C:BC@8@>20==K9 A?>A>1 53> CG0AB8O 2 687=8 >1I5AB20", B> >=0 =8:0: =5 <>65B 1KBL "87>1@065=85<" ;8F0. =0G5 ?@845BAO ?@87=0BL, GB> ;8G=>ABL ACI5AB2C5B =5 B>;L:> 2=5 >1I5AB20, => 4065 8 2=5 A2>59 A>1AB25==>9 A>F80;L=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. 54L "AB@C:BC@8@>20==K9 A?>A>1 CG0AB8O 2 687=8 >1I5AB20" 5ABL =5 GB> 8=>5, :0: AB@C:BC@0 45OB5;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0. AB>G=8: MB>3> ?@>B82>@5G8O ;568B 2 ;>38G5A:>9 ?>4<5=5 ?>=OB89, B>G=55, A8AB5<K >BAG5B0. !>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O, :>B>@CN :@8B8:C5B . . 5>=BL52, @0AA<0B@8205B >1J5:B82=K9 ?@>F5AA 2708<>459AB28O 8=48284>2 2 >1I5AB25, 2K2>4O 87 =53> 8E A0<>A>7=0=85. . . 5>=BL52 65 8<55B 2 284C B>, :0: A0< 8=48284 2>A?@8=8<05B 8 >F5=8205B A2>8 459AB28O. 515=>: <>65B 1KBL 8A:@5==5 ;N1OI8< 8 ?>A;CH=K< 8;8 B>;L:> ?@8B2>@OBLAO B0:>2K<, 8 @07=8F0 745AL 25AL<0 ACI5AB25==0. > MB> =5 >B<5=O5B B>3>, GB> ACI5AB2C5B >?@545;5==>5 A>F80;L=>5 >?@545;5=85 45BA:>9 @>;8, 2 A25B5 :>B>@>3> >F5=8205BAO ?>2545=85 :>=:@5B=>3> @515=:0 8 :>B>@>5 =5 <>65B =5 ?@5;><;OBLAO 2 53> A>1AB25==>< A0<>A>7=0=88 ("O E>@>H89, ?>B><C GB> A;CH0NAL <0<C"). " >;52>5" >?8A0=85 480;5:B8:8 8=48284C0;L=>3> 8 A>F80;L=>3> >ACI5AB2;O5BAO =0 B@5E @07;8G=KE C@>2=OE: 2 @0<:0E 157;8G=>9 <0:@>A>F80;L=>9 A8AB5<K (A>F8>;>38G5A:89 C@>25=L), 2 @0<:0E =5?>A@54AB25==>3> <56;8G=>AB=>3> 2708<>459AB28O (A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:89 C@>25=L) 8 2 @0<:0E 8=48284C0;L=>9 <>B820F88 (2=CB@8;8G=>AB=K9 C@>25=L).  A>F8>;>388, ?@54<5B>< 8AA;54>20=8O :>B>@>9 O2;O5BAO A>F80;L=0O A8AB5<0, "A>F80;L=0O @>;L" ?>=8<05BAO :0: 157;8G=0O =>@<0, DC=:F8O, A2O70==0O A >?@545;5==>9 A>F80;L=>9 ?>78F859 8 =5 7028AOI0O >B ;8G=KE A2>9AB2 70=8<0NI8E MBC ?>78F8N 8=48284>2; "@>;L" CG8B5;O, 8=65=5@0 8;8 >BF0 A5<59AB20 A>F8>;>38G5A:8 7040=0 >1I5AB25==K< @0745;5=85< B@C40 8 8=K<8 >1J5:B82=K<8 ?@>F5AA0<8, =5 7028AOI8<8 >B 2>;8 >B45;L=>3> 8=482840. %>BO B@51>20=8O, ?@54JO2;O5<K5 : G5;>25:C 70=8<0NI5<C MBC ?>78F8N, 40;5:> =5 2A5340 D>@<C;8@CNBAO B0: >4=>7=0G=>, :0: 2 2>8=A:>< CAB025 8;8 4>;6=>AB=>9 8=AB@C:F88, >=8 B5< =5 <5=55 2?>;=5 >1J5:B82=K. 'B>1K ?>=OBL, : ?@8<5@C, A>>B=>H5=85 >BF>2A:>9 8 <0B5@8=A:>9 @>;59 2 A>2@5<5==>9 A5<L5, =04> CG8BK20BL ?@5645 2A53> @50;L=>5 @0745;5=85 B@C40 <564C <C6G8=>9 8 65=I8=>9, A>>B=>H5=85 8E A5<59=KE 8 2=5A5<59=KE >1O70==>AB59, AB@C:BC@C A5<L8, A?>A>1K 2>A?8B0=8O 45B59 8 B. 4. =5=8O 65 :>=:@5B=KE <C6G8= 8 65=I8= ?> MB><C 2>?@>AC, ?@8 2A59 7=0G8<>AB8 8=48284C0;L=KE 20@80F89, 1C4CB B>;L:> >B@065=85< AB5@5>B8?>2 <0AA>2>3> A>7=0=8O, 70 :>B>@K<8 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5 AB>OB 70:>=><5@=>AB8 A>F80;L=>9 AB@C:BC@K. !>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O 2 8725AB=>9 <5@5 >AB02;O5B MB8 <0:-@>A>F80;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O "70 A:>1:0<8", ?>=8<0O "@>;L" :0: AB@C:BC@C =5?>A@54AB25==>3> <56;8G=>AB=>3> 2708<>459AB28O. @82KG=K5 =>@<K ?>2545=8O =587156=> AB0=40@B878@CNBAO 8 ?>4:@5?;ONBAO A8AB5<>9 2708<=KE >6840=89. B G5;>25:0, :>B>@K9 =5A:>;L:> @07 ?@>O28; >AB@>C<85, 64CB, GB> >= 8 2 40;L=59H5< 1C45B @072;5:0BL A2>8E B>20@8I59, 8 MB0 "@>;L HCB=8:0" B0: 8;8 8=0G5 2:;NG05BAO 2 53> ">1@07 /". 0:>=5F, ?@8 8AA;54>20=88 2=CB@8;8G=>AB=KE ?@>F5AA>2 A;>2>< "@>;L" >1>7=0G0NB >?@545;5==K9 0A?5:B, G0ABL, AB>@>=C 45OB5;L=>AB8 ;8F0, =07K20O 55 2 40==>< A;CG05 "8=B5@8>@87>20==>9", B> 5ABL CA2>5==>9, 2>H54H59 "2=CB@L" ;8G=>AB8 @>;LN. =8<0=85 745AL 0:F5=B8@C5BAO ?@5645 2A53> =0 B><, :0: A0< 8=48284 2>A?@8=8<05B, A>7=05B 8 >F5=8205B BC 8;8 8=CN A2>N DC=:F8N (45OB5;L=>ABL), :0:>5 <5AB> 70=8<05B >=0 2 53> ">1@075 /", :0:>9 ;8G=>AB=K9 A<KA; >= 2 =55 2:;04K205B. "=B5@8>@87>20==0O @>;L" - MB> :><?>=5=B A0<>A>7=0=8O, >B=>H5=85 ;8G=>AB8 : =5:>B>@><C 0A?5:BC A>1AB25==>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. "0:8< >1@07><, ?>=OB85 "A>F80;L=0O @>;L" :0: 1K A2O7K205B 45OB5;L=>ABL ;8G=>AB8 8 55 A0<>A>7=0=85 A DC=:F8>=8@>20=85< A>F80;L=>9 A8AB5<K, ?@8G5< >B?@02=>9 B>G:>9 745AL O2;O5BAO =5 8=48284, 0 A>F8C<. > MB> @073@0=8G5=85 2 8725AB=>9 <5@5 CA;>2=>. C@6C07=K5 A>F8>;>38 2A;54 70 >1K45==K< A>7=0=85< G0AB> 45;OB 687=545OB5;L=>ABL ;8G=>AB8 =0 425 G0AB8, 87 :>B>@KE >4=0 - D>@<0;L=0O, 70ABK2H0O, <5@B20O - ?@8?8AK205BAO "157;8G=><C" <8@C A>F80;L=KE @>;59, 0 2B>@0O - ";8G=0O", M<>F8>=0;L=> >:@0H5==0O - ?@54AB02;O5B B>, G5< 8=48284 O2;O5BAO "A0< ?> A515", 157>B=>A8B5;L=> : A>F80;L=K< CA;>28O<.  68B59A:>< >18E>45 A:070BL ?@> G5;>25:0; GB> >= "8A?>;=O5B @>;L" >BF0 8;8 CG8B5;O, 2A5 @02=> GB> A:070BL, GB> >= "?@8B2>@O5BAO", GB> >= "=5 =0AB>OI89" >B5F 8;8 CG8B5;L. !0<><C 8=48284C "@>;52>9" :065BAO B>;L:> B0:0O 45OB5;L=>ABL, :>B>@CN >= 2>A?@8=8<05B :0: =5GB> 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 2=5H=55, ?5@8D5@89=>5, CA;>2=>5, "@07K3@K205<>5" 4;O 4@C38E, 2 >B;8G85 >B "?>4;8==>3> /", 157 :>B>@>3> >= ?@>AB> =5 <>65B A51O ?@54AB028BL. > =57028A8<> >B B>3>, AG8B05B ;8 8=48284 A2>N @01>BC @5<5A;><, ?@8720=85< 8;8 4065 <8AA859, E>BO MB> 25AL<0 ACI5AB25==> 4;O =53> A0<>3>, 0 B0:65 4;O <>@0;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 >F5=:8 53> :0: ;8G=>AB8, A>F8>;>38G5A:8 >= 2> 2A5E A;CG0OE 8A?>;=O5B >?@545;5==CN "?@>D5AA8>=0;L=CN @>;L".  5A;8 M=BC780AB>2 =0 40==K9 284 @01>BK =5 =0E>48BAO, 0 >1>9B8AL 157 =53> >1I5AB2> =5 <>65B, =0G8=0NB 459AB2>20BL B0:85 2?>;=5 >1J5:B82=K5 <5E0=87<K, :0: <0B5@80;L=>5 AB8<C;8@>20=85, 3>AC40@AB25==>5 @0A?@545;5=85 A?5F80;8AB>2 8 B. ?. 708<>?@>=8:=>25=85 A>F80;L=>-@>;52>3> 8 8=48284C0;L=>-;8G=>AB=>3> =0G0; <>6=> =01;N40BL 2> 2A5E AD5@0E 687=545OB5;L=>AB8 ;N459. - >7L<5<, =0?@8<5@, 0@:A>2 0=0;87 ?@>F5AA0 >1<5=0.  ?@8=F8?5 >B=>H5=8O ?>:C?0B5;O 8 ?@>402F0 A>25@H5==> 157;8G=K. @>4025F - 2A53> ;8HL ?5@A>=8D8F8@>20==K9 B>20@ (A:065<, 3>;>20 A0E0@0), 0 ?>:C?0B5;L - ?5@A>=8D8F8@>20==K5 45=L38 (7>;>B>). "0: B>;L:> 3>;>20 A0E0@0 AB0=>28BAO 7>;>B><, ?@>4025F AB0=>28BAO ?>:C?0B5;5<. -B8 >?@545;5==K5 >1I5AB25==K5 @>;8 2KB5:0NB >B=N4L =5 87 G5;>25G5A:>9 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 2>>1I5, => 87 <5=>2KE >B=>H5=89 <564C ;N4L<8, ?@>872>4OI8<8 A2>8 ?@>4C:BK 2 D>@<5 B>20@>2. B=>H5=8O, ACI5AB2CNI85 <564C ?>:C?0B5;5< 8 ?@>402F>< =0AB>;L:> =5 8=48284C0;L=K, GB> >=8 >10 2ABC?0NB 2 =8E ;8HL ?>A:>;L:C >B@8F05BAO 8=48284C0;L=K9 E0@0:B5@ 8E B@C40, 8<5==> ?>A:>;L:C >=, :0: B@C4 =5 8=48284C0;L=K9, AB0=>28BAO 45=L30<8". > MB8 157;8G=K5 M:>=><8G5A:85 @>;8 =5 O2;ONBAO G5<-B> 01A>;NB=> ?@>B82>?>;>6=K< 8=48284C0;L=>AB8, ?>A:>;L:C MB8 @>;8, :0: 8 MB0 8=48284C0;L=>ABL, - ?@>4C:B 8AB>@88. "...-B8 M:>=><8G5A:85 1C@6C07=K5 @>;8 ?>:C?0B5;O 8 ?@>402F0... ACBL =5>1E>48<>5 2K@065=85 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 =0 >A=>25 >?@545;5==>9 ABC?5=8 >1I5AB25==>3> ?@>F5AA0 ?@>872>4AB20".  B0: >1AB>8B 45;> =5 B>;L:> 2 ?@0:B8:5, => 8 2 A0<>A>7=0=88. 8G=>ABL =5 <>65B >?@545;8BL A51O 157>B=>A8B5;L=> : A8AB5<5 A2>8E "A>F80;L=KE @>;59"; >=0 <>65B A;820BLAO, 845=B8D8F8@>20BLAO A =8<8 8;8 >BAB@0=OBLAO, 48AB0=F8@>20BLAO >B =8E, 4065 ?@>B82>?>AB02;OBL A51O 8<, => 2> 2A5E A;CG0OE ?@8 >?@545;5=88 A2>53> "/" >=8 :0: 1K A;C60B 4;O ;8G=>AB8 B>G:>9 >BAG5B0. '5< 1>30G5 AB@C:BC@0 687=545OB5;L=>AB8 8=482840, G5< H8@5 :@C3 53> A>F80;L=KE ?@8=04;56=>AB59, B5< 1>;55 A;>6=K< 8 48DD5@5=F8@>20==K< 1C45B 53> A0<>A>7=0=85. >-?5@2KE, G5;>25: AB0;:8205BAO A B5<, GB> 53> @07=K5 >1O70==>AB8 8 @>;8, =0?@8<5@, ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=K5 8 A5<59=K5, =5 A>2?040NB, 0 8=>340 8 ?@>B82>@5G0B 4@C3 4@C3C. -B8 <56@>;52K5 :>=D;8:BK 0:B82878@CNB @01>BC A0<>A>7=0=8O, ?>1C640O ;8G=>ABL 85@0@E878@>20BL @07=K5 0A?5:BK A2>59 687=545OB5;L=>AB8, A>?>4G8=OBL 8E A>>B25BAB25==> :0:>9-B> H:0;5 F5==>AB59. >-2B>@KE, :0640O "A>F80;L=0O @>;L" 5ABL >B=>H5=85, :>B>@>5 53> CG0AB=8:8 <>3CB >?@545;OBL ?>-@07=><C (=0?@8<5@, B@51>20=8O, ?@54JO2;O5<K5 : CG8B5;N H:>;L=>9 04<8=8AB@0F859, :>;;530<8, @>48B5;O<8 8 CG5=8:0<8, <>3CB ACI5AB25==> @0AE>48BLAO). -B8 2=CB@8@>;52K5 :>=D;8:BK ?@54?>;030NB =5>1E>48<>ABL A0<>AB>OB5;L=>3>, 8=48284C0;L=>3> >?@545;5=8O A>1AB25==>9 @>;8 A> 2A59 2KB5:0NI59 >BAN40 <5@>9 >B25BAB25==>AB8. -B@5BL8E, =5>48=0:>2> A0<8 >B=>H5=85 8=482840 : 2K?>;=O5<K< @>;O<: >4=8 DC=:F88 8 284K 45OB5;L=>AB8 ?5@56820NBAO 8 >A>7=0NBAO :0: >@30=8G5A:85, =5>B45;8<K5 >B A>1AB25==>3> "/", 4@C385 - :0: 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 2=5H=85, ?5@8D5@89=K5, "8A:CAAB25==K5". !B5?5=L ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> >BGC645=8O 8=482840 >B A2>8E "@>;59" 7028A8B >B <=>38E ?@8G8= :0: A>F80;L=>3>, B0: 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> E0@0:B5@0. !>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:89 ?>4E>4 : ;8G=>AB8, ?@54;>65==K9 8=B5@0:F8>=8AB0<8, =5A><=5==>, >B:@K; =>2K5 ?5@A?5:B82K 4;O 87CG5=8O ?@>1;5<K "/". 4=0:> 5<C A2>9AB25==0 8725AB=0O >4=>AB>@>==>ABL. 0: A?@0254;82> >B<5G0; . !. K3>BA:89, ";8G=>ABL AB0=>28BAO 4;O A51O B5<, GB> >=0 5ABL 2 A515, G5@57 B>, GB> >=0 ?@54JO2;O5B 4;O 4@C38E... 0 2A5<8 2KAH8<8 DC=:F8O<8, 8E >B=>H5=8O<8 35=5B8G5A:8 AB>OB A>F80;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O, @50;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O ;N459". $C=:F88 A0<>A>7=0=8O K3>BA:89 =07K20; "B@5B8G=K<8" DC=:F8O<8, 8<5O 2 284C, GB> >=8 ?@>872>4=K :0: >B =5?>A@54AB25==>3> A>F80;L=>3> >1I5=8O ;8G=>AB8, B0: 8 >B 55 C65 8=B5@=>@87>20==KE 8 2 MB>< A<KA;5 "2B>@8G=KE" ?A8E8G5A:8E DC=:F89. =B5@0:F8>=8ABK 65 284OB ?@58<CI5AB25==> ?5@2>5 - =5?>A@54AB25==>5 <56;8G=>AB=>5 >1I5=85, >AB02;OO 2 B5=8 :0: 18>;>38G5A:85 >A=>2K 8=48284C0;L=>AB8, B0: 8 1>;55 H8@>:85 A>F80;L=K5 45B5@<8=0=BK, 2 G0AB=>AB8 ?@54<5B=>5 A>45@60=85 45OB5;L=>AB8 ;8G=>AB8. <5==> MB8 C?CI5=8O 8=B5@0:F8>=87<0 8 AB0;8 2 ?5@2CN >G5@54L ?@54<5B>< :@8B8:8 A> AB>@>=K <0@:A8ABA:>9 A>F8>;>38G5A:>9 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 =0C:8. !>F8>;>38-<0@:A8ABK ?>4G5@:820NB =5?@02><5@=>ABL A2545=8O A>F80;L=KE 45B5@<8=0=B ;8G=>AB8 8 55 A0<>A>7=0=8O : =5?>A@54AB25==><C 2708<>459AB28N 8=48284>2, =5>1E>48<>ABL CG8BK20BL @07=CN >1J5:B82=CN 7=0G8<>ABL, A>?>4G8=5==>ABL 8 "@0=3" CA208205<KE 8=48284>< "@>;59". A8E>;>38 65 2KABC?0NB ?@>B82 =54>>F5=:8 84>< 8 53> ?>A;54>20B5;O<8 M<>F8>=0;L=KE ?@54?>AK;>: A0<>A>7=0=8O, B5;5A=KE ?5@56820=89 8 A0<>>ICI5=89. @54AB028B5;8 D@0=FC7A:>9 H:>;K 35=5B8G5A:>9 ?A8E>;>388 (=@8 0;;>=, 5=5 077> 8 53> A>B@C4=8:8) ?>4G5@:820NB, GB> 35=578A A0<>A>7=0=8O, 1C4CG8 2 F5;>< A>F80;L=K< ?@>F5AA><, 8<55B, >4=0:>, 8 18>;>38G5A:85 ?@54?>AK;:8, >A>15==> 70<5B=K5 ?@8 87CG5=88 M<>F8>=0;L=KE 0A?5:B>2 "/" (A0<>GC2AB285, A0<>>ICI5=85), 2 G0AB=>AB8 @0728B8O "GC2AB20 /". -B0 AB>@>=0 45;0 >A>15==> 206=0 4;O ?>=8<0=8O D8;>35=570 A0<>A>7=0=8O. #OA=5=85 <=>3>3@0==>AB8 ?@>1;5<K A?>A>1AB2>20;> 40;L=59H59 48DD5@5=F80F88 B5<0B8:8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E 8AA;54>20=89, ?>A2OI5==KE 35=578AC A0<>A>7=0=8O 2 F5;>< 8 ?@54AB02;5=89 8=482840 > A0<>< A515, 0 B0:65 A>25@H5=AB2>20=8N 8E <5B>4>;>388 8 B5E=8:8. . . =4@5520 )  '!"+ "(/ 5AB> 8 ?@8@>40 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 "5?5@L ?@8=F8?80;L=> 206=> COA=8BL A515 <5AB> MB8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 2 @50;L=>9 A8AB5<5 687=545OB5;L=>AB8 ;N459.  A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 ;8B5@0BC@5 2KA:07K20NBAO @07;8G=K5 B>G:8 7@5=8O =0 2>?@>A > B><, 345  @0A?>;>65=K <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O, ?@5645 2A53> >B=>A8B5;L=> A8AB5<K >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. =>340 8E @0AA<0B@820NB 2 >4=>< @O4C A >1I5AB25==K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, 2 >A=>20=88 8E, 8;8, =0?@>B82, =0 A0<>< 25@E=5< C@>2=5 (C7L<8= . !. A=>2K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. ., #, 1967. !. 146), 2 4@C38E A;CG0OE  :0: >B@065=85 2 A>7=0=88 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 (;0B>=>2 , .  A8AB5<5 ?A8E>;>388. ., 1974. !. 30) 8 B. 4. 0< ?@54AB02;O5BAO (8 MB> ?>4B25@6405BAO <=>3>G8A;5==K<8 8AA;54>20=8O<8), GB> ?@8@>40 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 <>65B 1KBL ?@028;L=> ?>=OB0, 5A;8 8E =5 AB028BL 2 >48= @O4 A >1I5AB25==K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, 0 C2845BL 2 =8E >A>1K9 @O4 >B=>H5=89, 2>7=8:0NI89 2=CB@8 :064>3> 2840 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, =5 2=5 8E (1C4L B>  =865 ,  2KH5 ,  A1>:C 8;8 :0:-;81> 5I5). !E5<0B8G5A:8 MB> <>6=> ?@54AB028BL :0: A5G5=85 >A>1>9 ?;>A:>ABLN A8AB5<K >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89: B>, GB> >1=0@C68205BAO 2 MB><  A5G5=88 M:>=><8G5A:8E, A>F80;L=KE, ?>;8B8G5A:8E 8 8=KE @07=>284=>AB59 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, 8 5ABL <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O (@8A. 1.1).  8A. 1.1. 56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O 8 >1I5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O @8 B0:>< ?>=8<0=88 AB0=>28BAO OA=K<, ?>G5<C <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O :0: 1K  >?>A@54AB2CNB 2>7459AB285 =0 ;8G=>ABL 1>;55 H8@>:>3> A>F80;L=>3> F5;>3>.  :>=5G=>< AG5B5 <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O >1CA;>2;5=K >1J5:B82=K<8 >1I5AB25==K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, => 8<5==> 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5. @0:B8G5A:8 >10 @O40 >B=>H5=89 40=K 2<5AB5, 8 =54>>F5=:0 2B>@>3> @O40 ?@5?OBAB2C5B ?>4;8==> 3;C1>:><C 0=0;87C >B=>H5=89 8 ?5@2>3> @O40. !CI5AB2>20=85 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 2=CB@8 @07;8G=KE D>@< >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 5ABL :0: 1K @50;870F8O 157;8G=KE >B=>H5=89 2 45OB5;L=>AB8 :>=:@5B=KE ;8G=>AB59, 2 0:B0E 8E >1I5=8O 8 2708<>459AB28O. <5AB5 A B5< 2 E>45 MB>9 @50;870F88 >B=>H5=8O <564C ;N4L<8 (2 B>< G8A;5 >1I5AB25==K5) 2=>2L 2>A?@>872>4OBAO. =K<8 A;>20<8, MB> >7=0G05B, GB> 2 >1J5:B82=>9 B:0=8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 ?@8ACBAB2CNB <><5=BK, 8AE>4OI85 87 A>7=0B5;L=>9 2>;8 8 >A>1KE F5;59 8=48284>2. <5==> 745AL 8 AB0;:820NBAO =5?>A@54AB25==> A>F80;L=>5 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>5. >MB><C 4;O A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 ?>AB0=>2:0 MB>9 ?@>1;5<K 8<55B ?5@2>AB5?5==>5 7=0G5=85. @54;>65==0O AB@C:BC@0 >B=>H5=89 ?>@>6405B 206=59H55 A;54AB285. ;O :064>3> CG0AB=8:0 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 MB8 >B=>H5=8O <>3CB ?@54AB02;OBLAO 548=AB25==>9 @50;L=>ABLN 2>>1I5 :0:8E 1K B> =8 1K;> >B=>H5=89. %>BO 2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 A>45@60=85< <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5 O2;O5BAO B>B 8;8 8=>9 284 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, B. 5. >?@545;5==0O A>F80;L=0O 45OB5;L=>ABL, => A>45@60=85 8 B5< 1>;55 8E ACI=>ABL >AB0NBAO 2 1>;LH>9 <5@5 A:@KBK<8. 5A<>B@O =0 B> GB> 2 ?@>F5AA5 <56;8G=>AB=KE, 0 7=0G8B, 8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 ;N48 >1<5=820NBAO <KA;O<8, A>7=0NB A2>8 >B=>H5=8O, MB> >A>7=0=85 G0AB> =5 845B 40;55 7=0=8O B>3>, GB> ;N48 2ABC?8;8 2 <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O. B45;L=K5 <><5=BK >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 ?@54AB02;ONBAO 8E CG0AB=8:0< ;8HL :0: 8E <56;8G=>AB=K5 2708<>>B=>H5=8O: :B>-B> 2>A?@8=8<05BAO :0:  7;>9 ?@5?>4020B5;L , :0:  E8B@K9 B>@3>25F 8 B. 4. 0 C@>2=5 >1K45==>3> A>7=0=8O, 157 A?5F80;L=>3> B5>@5B8G5A:>3> 0=0;870 45;> >1AB>8B 8<5==> B0:8< >1@07><. >MB><C 8 <>B82K ?>2545=8O G0AB> >1JOA=ONBAO MB>9, 40==>9 =0 ?>25@E=>AB8, :0@B8=>9 >B=>H5=89, 0 2>2A5 =5 459AB28B5;L=K<8 >1J5:B82=K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, AB>OI8<8 70 MB>9 :0@B8=>9. A5 CA;>6=O5BAO 5I5 8 B5<, GB> <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O 5ABL 459AB28B5;L=0O @50;L=>ABL >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89: 2=5 8E =5B 345-B>  G8ABKE >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. >MB><C ?@0:B8G5A:8 2> 2A5E 3@C??>2KE 459AB28OE CG0AB=8:8 8E 2KABC?0NB :0: 1K 2 42CE :0G5AB20E: :0: 8A?>;=8B5;8 157;8G=>9 A>F80;L=>9 @>;8 8 :0: =5?>2B>@8<K5 G5;>25G5A:85 ;8G=>AB8. -B> 405B >A=>20=85 225AB8 ?>=OB85  <56;8G=>AB=0O @>;L :0: D8:A0F8N ?>;>65=8O G5;>25:0 =5 2 A8AB5<5 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, 0 2 A8AB5<5 ;8HL 3@C??>2KE A2O759, ?@8G5< =5 =0 >A=>25 53> >1J5:B82=>3> <5AB0 2 MB>9 A8AB5<5, 0 =0 >A=>25 8=48284C0;L=KE ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 ;8G=>AB8. @8<5@K B0:8E <56;8G=>AB=KE @>;59 E>@>H> 8725AB=K 87 >1K45==>9 687=8: ?@> >B45;L=KE ;N459 2 3@C??5 3>2>@OB, GB> >=  @C10E0-?0@5=L ,  A2>9 2 4>A:C ,  :>75; >B?CI5=8O 8 B. 4. 1=0@C65=85 ;8G=>AB=KE G5@B 2 AB8;5 8A?>;=5=8O A>F80;L=>9 @>;8 2K7K205B 2 4@C38E G;5=0E 3@C??K >B25B=K5 @50:F88, 8, B0:8< >1@07><, 2 3@C??5 2>7=8:05B F5;0O A8AB5<0 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 ((81CB0=8, 1968). @8@>40 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 ACI5AB25==> >B;8G05BAO >B ?@8@>4K >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89: 8E 206=59H0O A?5F8D8G5A:0O G5@B0  M<>F8>=0;L=0O >A=>20. >MB><C <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O <>6=> @0AA<0B@820BL :0: D0:B>@ ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3>  :;8<0B0 3@C??K. -<>F8>=0;L=0O >A=>20 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 >7=0G05B, GB> >=8 2>7=8:0NB 8 A:;04K20NBAO =0 >A=>25 >?@545;5==KE GC2AB2, @>640NI8EAO C ;N459 ?> >B=>H5=8N 4@C3 : 4@C3C.  >B5G5AB25==>9 H:>;5 ?A8E>;>388 @07;8G0NBAO B@8 2840, 8;8 C@>2=O M<>F8>=0;L=KE ?@>O2;5=89 ;8G=>AB8: 0DD5:BK, M<>F88 8 GC2AB20. -<>F8>=0;L=0O >A=>20 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 2:;NG05B 2A5 284K MB8E M<>F8>=0;L=KE ?@>O2;5=89. 4=0:> 2 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 >1KG=> E0@0:B5@87C5BAO 8<5==> B@5B89 :><?>=5=B MB>9 AE5<K  GC2AB20, ?@8G5< B5@<8= C?>B@51;O5BAO =5 2 A0<>< AB@>3>< A<KA;5. AB5AB25==>, GB>  =01>@ MB8E GC2AB2 1573@0=8G5=. 4=0:> 2A5 8E <>6=> A25AB8 2 425 1>;LH85 3@C??K: 1) :>=JN=:B82=K5  AN40 >B=>AOBAO @07=>3> @>40 A1;860NI85 ;N459, >1J548=ONI85 8E GC2AB20.  :064>< A;CG05 B0:>3> >B=>H5=8O 4@C30O AB>@>=0 2KABC?05B :0: 65;05<K9 >1J5:B, ?> >B=>H5=8N : :>B>@><C 45<>=AB@8@C5BAO 3>B>2=>ABL : A>B@C4=8G5AB2C, : A>2<5AB=K< 459AB28O< 8 B.4.; 2) 487JN=:B82=K5 GC2AB20  AN40 >B=>AOBAO @07J548=ONI85 ;N459 GC2AB20, :>340 4@C30O AB>@>=0 2KABC?05B :0: =5?@85<;5<0O, <>65B 1KBL, 4065 :0: D@CAB@8@CNI89 >1J5:B, ?> >B=>H5=8N : :>B>@><C =5 2>7=8:05B 65;0=8O : A>B@C4=8G5AB2C 8 B. 4. =B5=A82=>ABL B>3> 8 4@C3>3> @>40 GC2AB2 <>65B 1KBL 25AL<0 @07;8G=>9. >=:@5B=K9 C@>25=L 8E @0728B8O, 5AB5AB25==>, =5 <>65B 1KBL 157@07;8G=K< 4;O 45OB5;L=>AB8 3@C??. <5AB5 A B5< 0=0;87 ;8HL MB8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 =5 <>65B AG8B0BLAO 4>AB0B>G=K< 4;O E0@0:B5@8AB8:8 3@C??K: ?@0:B8G5A:8 >B=>H5=8O <564C ;N4L<8 =5 A:;04K20NBAO ;8HL =0 >A=>25 =5?>A@54AB25==KE M<>F8>=0;L=KE :>=B0:B>2. !0<0 45OB5;L=>ABL 70405B 8 4@C3>9 @O4 >B=>H5=89, >?>A@54>20==KE 5N. >MB><C-B> 8 O2;O5BAO G@572KG09=> 206=>9 8 B@C4=>9 7040G59 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 >4=>2@5<5==K9 0=0;87 42CE @O4>2 >B=>H5=89 2 3@C??5: :0: <56;8G=>AB=KE, B0: 8 >?>A@54>20==KE A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>ABLN, B. 5., 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5, AB>OI8E 70 =8<8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. 1I5=85 2 A8AB5<5 <56;8G=>AB=KE 8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 =0;87 A2O78 >1I5AB25==KE 8 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 ?>72>;O5B @0AAB028BL ?@028;L=K5 0:F5=BK 2 2>?@>A5 > <5AB5 >1I5=8O 2> 2A59 A;>6=>9 A8AB5<5 A2O759 G5;>25:0 A 2=5H=8< <8@><. 4=0:> ?@5645 =5>1E>48<> A:070BL =5A:>;L:> A;>2 > ?@>1;5<5 >1I5=8O 2 F5;><. 5H5=85 MB>9 ?@>1;5<K O2;O5BAO 25AL<0 A?5F8D8G=K< 2 @0<:0E >B5G5AB25==>9 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. !0< B5@<8=  >1I5=85 =5 8<55B B>G=>3> 0=0;>30 2 B@048F8>==>9 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 =5 B>;L:> ?>B><C, GB> =5 2?>;=5 M:2820;5=B5= >1KG=> C?>B@51;O5<><C 0=3;89A:><C B5@<8=C  :><<C=8:0F8O , => 8 ?>B><C, GB> A>45@60=85 53> <>65B 1KBL @0AA<>B@5=> ;8HL 2 ?>=OB89=>< A;>20@5 >A>1>9 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88, 0 8<5==> B5>@88 45OB5;L=>AB8. >=5G=>, 2 AB@C:BC@5 >1I5=8O, :>B>@0O 1C45B @0AA<>B@5=0 =865, <>3CB 1KBL 2K45;5=K B0:85 53> AB>@>=K, :>B>@K5 >?8A0=K 8;8 8AA;54>20=K 2 4@C38E A8AB5<0E A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 7=0=8O. 4=0:> ACBL ?@>1;5<K, :0: >=0 AB028BAO 2 >B5G5AB25==>9 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388, ?@8=F8?80;L=> >B;8G=0. 10 @O40 >B=>H5=89 G5;>25:0  8 >1I5AB25==K5, 8 <56;8G=>AB=K5,  @0A:@K20NBAO, @50;87CNBAO 8<5==> 2 >1I5=88. "0:8< >1@07><, :>@=8 >1I5=8O  2 A0<>9 <0B5@80;L=>9 687=545OB5;L=>AB8 8=48284>2. 1I5=85 65 8 5ABL @50;870F8O 2A59 A8AB5<K >B=>H5=89 G5;>25:0.   =>@<0;L=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB20E >B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 : >:@C60NI5<C 53> ?@54<5B=><C <8@C 2A5340 >?>A@54>20=K 53> >B=>H5=85< : ;N4O<, : >1I5AB2C (5>=-BL52 . . 1I5=85 :0: >1J5:B ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 8AA;54>20=8O // 5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388, 1975. !. 289), B. 5. 2:;NG5=K 2 >1I5=85. 45AL >A>15==> 206=> ?>4G5@:=CBL BC <KA;L, GB> 2 @50;L=>< >1I5=88 40=K =5 B>;L:> <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O ;N459, B. 5. 2KO2;ONBAO =5 B>;L:> 8E M<>F8>=0;L=K5 ?@82O70==>AB8, =5?@8O7=L 8 ?@>G55, => 2 B:0=L >1I5=8O 2>?;>I0NBAO 8 >1I5AB25==K5, B. 5. 157;8G=K5 ?> A2>59 ?@8@>45 >B=>H5=8O. =>3>>1@07=K5 >B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 =5 >E20BK20NBAO B>;L:> <56;8G=>AB=K< :>=B0:B><: ?>;>65=85 G5;>25:0 70 C7:8<8 @0<:0<8 <56;8G=>AB=KE A2O759, 2 1>;55 H8@>:>9 A>F80;L=>9 A8AB5<5, 345 53> <5AB> >?@545;O5BAO =5 >6840=8O<8 2708<>459AB2CNI8E A =8< 8=48284>2, B0:65 B@51C5B >?@545;5==>3> ?>AB@>5=8O A8AB5<K 53> A2O759, 0 MB>B ?@>F5AA <>65B 1KBL @50;87>20= B>65 B>;L:> 2 >1I5=88. =5 >1I5=8O ?@>AB> =5<KA;8<> G5;>25G5A:>5 >1I5AB2>. 1I5=85 2KABC?05B 2 =5< :0: A?>A>1 F5<5=B8@>20=8O 8=48284>2 8 2<5AB5 A B5< :0: A?>A>1 @0728B8O A0<8E MB8E 8=48284>2. <5==> >BAN40 8 2KB5:05B ACI5AB2>20=85 >1I5=8O >4=>2@5<5==> 8 :0: @50;L=>AB8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, 8 :0: @50;L=>AB8 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89. >-2848<><C, MB> 8 40;> 2>7<>6=>ABL !5=B--:7N?5@8 =0@8A>20BL ?>MB8G5A:89 >1@07 >1I5=8O :0:  548=AB25==>9 @>A:>H8, :>B>@0O 5ABL C G5;>25:0 . AB5AB25==>, GB> :064K9 @O4 >B=>H5=89 @50;87C5BAO 2 A?5F8D8G5A:8E D>@<0E >1I5=8O. 1I5=85 :0: @50;870F8O <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89  ?@>F5AA, 1>;55 87CG5==K9 2 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388, 2 B> 2@5<O :0: >1I5=85 <564C 3@C??0<8 A:>@55 8AA;54C5BAO 2 A>F8>;>388. 1I5=85, 2 B>< G8A;5 2 A8AB5<5 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89, 2K=C645=> A>2<5AB=>9 687=545OB5;L=>ABLN ;N459, ?>MB><C >=> =5>1E>48<> >ACI5AB2;O5BAO ?@8 A0<KE @07=>>1@07=KE <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=8OE, B. 5. 40=> 8 2 A;CG05 ?>;>68B5;L=>3>, 8 2 A;CG05 >B@8F0B5;L=>3> >B=>H5=8O >4=>3> G5;>25:0 : 4@C3><C. "8? <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 =5 157@07;8G5= : B><C, :0: 1C45B ?>AB@>5=> >1I5=85, => >=> ACI5AB2C5B 2 A?5F8D8G5A:8E D>@<0E, 4065 :>340 >B=>H5=8O :@09=5 >1>AB@5=K. "> 65 >B=>A8BAO 8 : E0@0:B5@8AB8:5 >1I5=8O =0 <0:@>C@>2=5 :0: @50;870F88 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89.  2 MB>< A;CG05, >1I0NBAO ;8 <564C A>1>9 3@C??K 8;8 8=48284K :0: ?@54AB028B5;8 A>F80;L=KE 3@C??, 0:B >1I5=8O =587156=> 4>;65= A>AB>OBLAO, 2K=C645= A>AB>OBLAO, 4065 5A;8 3@C??K 0=B03>=8AB8G=K. "0:>5 42>9AB25==>5 ?>=8<0=85 >1I5=8O  2 H8@>:>< 8 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20  2KB5:05B 87 A0<>9 ;>38:8 ?>=8<0=8O A2O78 <56;8G=>AB=KE 8 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89.  40==>< A;CG05 C<5AB=> 0?5;;8@>20BL : 8455 0@:A0 > B><, GB> >1I5=85  157CA;>2=K9 A?CB=8: G5;>25G5A:>9 8AB>@88 (2 MB>< A<KA;5 <>6=> 3>2>@8BL > 7=0G5=88 >1I5=8O 2  D8;>35=575 >1I5AB20) 8 2<5AB5 A B5< 157CA;>2=K9 A?CB=8: 2 ?>2A54=52=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, 2 ?>2A54=52=KE :>=B0:B0E ;N459 (A<. . . 5>=BL52. A8E>;>38O >1I5=8O. "0@BC, 1973).  ?5@2>< ?;0=5 <>6=> ?@>A;548BL 8AB>@8G5A:>5 87<5=5=85 D>@< >1I5=8O, B. 5. 87<5=5=85 8E ?> <5@5 @0728B8O >1I5AB20 2<5AB5 A @0728B85< M:>=><8G5A:8E, A>F80;L=KE 8 ?@>G8E >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. 45AL @5H05BAO B@C4=59H89 <5B>4>;>38G5A:89 2>?@>A: :0:8< >1@07>< 2 A8AB5<5 157;8G=KE >B=>H5=89 D83C@8@C5B ?@>F5AA, ?> A2>59 ?@8@>45 B@51CNI89 CG0AB8O ;8G=>AB59? KABC?0O ?@54AB028B5;5< =5:>B>@>9 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??K, G5;>25: >1I05BAO A 4@C38< ?@54AB028B5;5< 4@C3>9 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??K 8 >4=>2@5<5==> @50;87C5B 420 @>40 >B=>H5=89: 8 157;8G=K5, 8 ;8G=>AB=K5. @5ABLO=8=, ?@>4020O B>20@ =0 @K=:5, ?>;CG05B 70 =53> >?@545;5==CN AC<<C 45=53, 8 45=L38 745AL 2KABC?0NB 206=59H8< A@54AB2>< >1I5=8O 2 A8AB5<5 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. <5AB5 A B5< MB>B 65 :@5ABLO=8= B>@3C5BAO A ?>:C?0B5;5< 8 B5< A0<K<  ;8G=>AB=> >1I05BAO A =8<, ?@8G5< A@54AB2>< MB>3> >1I5=8O 2KABC?05B G5;>25G5A:0O @5GL. 0 ?>25@E=>AB8 O2;5=89 40=0 D>@<0 =5?>A@54AB25==>3> >1I5=8O  :><<C=8:0F8O, => 70 =59 AB>8B >1I5=85, 2K=C6405<>5 A0<>9 A8AB5<>9 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, 2 40==>< A;CG05 >B=>H5=8O<8 B>20@=>3> ?@>872>4AB20. @8 A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>< 0=0;875 <>6=> 01AB@038@>20BLAO >B  2B>@>3> ?;0=0 , => 2 @50;L=>9 687=8 MB>B  2B>@>9 ?;0= >1I5=8O 2A5340 ?@8ACBAB2C5B. %>BO A0< ?> A515 >= 8 O2;O5BAO ?@54<5B>< 8AA;54>20=8O 3;02=K< >1@07>< A>F8>;>388, 8 2 A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>< ?>4E>45 >= B0:65 4>;65= 1KBL ?@8=OB 2 A>>1@065=85. 48=AB2> >1I5=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 4=0:> ?@8 ;N1>< ?>4E>45 ?@8=F8?80;L=K< O2;O5BAO 2>?@>A > A2O78 >1I5=8O A 45OB5;L=>ABLN.  @O45 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E :>=F5?F89 ACI5AB2C5B B5=45=F8O : ?@>B82>?>AB02;5=8N >1I5=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8. "0:, =0?@8<5@, : B0:>9 ?>AB0=>2:5 ?@>1;5<K 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5 ?@8H5; -. N@:359<, :>340, ?>;5<878@CO A . "0@4><, >= >1@0I0; >A>1>5 2=8<0=85 =5 =0 48=0<8:C >1I5AB25==KE O2;5=89, 0 =0 8E AB0B8:C. 1I5AB2> 2K3;O45;> C =53> =5 :0: 48=0<8G5A:0O A8AB5<0 459AB2CNI8E 3@C?? 8 8=48284>2, => :0: A>2>:C?=>ABL =0E>4OI8EAO 2 AB0B8:5 D>@< >1I5=8O. $0:B>@ >1I5=8O 2 45B5@<8=0F88 ?>2545=8O 1K; ?>4G5@:=CB, => ?@8 MB>< 1K;0 =54>>F5=5=0 @>;L ?@5>1@07>20B5;L=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8: A0< >1I5AB25==K9 ?@>F5AA A2>48;AO : ?@>F5AAC 4CE>2=>3> @5G52>3> >1I5=8O. -B> 40;> >A=>20=85 . . 5>=BL52C 70<5B8BL, GB> ?@8 B0:>< ?>4E>45 8=48284 ?@54AB05B A:>@55  :0: >1I0NI55AO, G5< ?@0:B8G5A:8 459AB2CNI55 >1I5AB25==>5 ACI5AB2> (5>=BL52 . . @>1;5<K @0728B8O ?A8E8:8. ., 1972. !. 271).  ?@>B82>25A MB><C 2 >B5G5AB25==>9 ?A8E>;>388 ?@8=8<05BAO 845O 548=AB20 >1I5=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8. "0:>9 2K2>4 ;>38G5A:8 2KB5:05B 87 ?>=8<0=8O >1I5=8O :0: @50;L=>AB8 G5;>25G5A:8E >B=>H5=89, ?@54?>;030NI53>, GB> ;N1K5 D>@<K >1I5=8O 2:;NG5=K 2 A?5F8D8G5A:85 D>@<K A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8: ;N48 =5 ?@>AB> >1I0NBAO 2 ?@>F5AA5 2K?>;=5=8O 8<8 @07;8G=KE DC=:F89, => >=8 2A5340 >1I0NBAO 2 =5:>B>@>9 45OB5;L=>AB8,  ?> ?>2>4C =55. "0:8< >1@07><, >1I05BAO 2A5340 45OB5;L=K9 G5;>25:: 53> 45OB5;L=>ABL =587156=> ?5@5A5:05BAO A 45OB5;L=>ABLN 4@C38E ;N459. > 8<5==> MB> ?5@5A5G5=85 45OB5;L=>AB59 8 A>7405B >?@545;5==K5 >B=>H5=8O 45OB5;L=>3> G5;>25:0 =5 B>;L:> : ?@54<5BC A2>59 45OB5;L=>AB8, => 8 : 4@C38< ;N4O<. <5==> >1I5=85 D>@<8@C5B >1I=>ABL 8=48284>2, 2K?>;=ONI8E A>2<5AB=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL. "0:8< >1@07><, D0:B A2O78 >1I5=8O A 45OB5;L=>ABLN :>=AB0B8@C5BAO B0: 8;8 8=0G5 2A5<8 8AA;54>20B5;O<8. 4=0:> E0@0:B5@ MB>9 A2O78 ?>=8<05BAO ?>-@07=><C. =>340 45OB5;L=>ABL 8 >1I5=85 @0AA<0B@820NBAO =5 :0: ?0@0;;5;L=> ACI5AB2CNI85 2708<>A2O70==K5 ?@>F5AAK, 0 :0: 425 AB>@>=K A>F80;L=>3> 1KB8O G5;>25:0, 53> >1@070 687=8 (><>2 . D. 1I5=85 8 A>F80;L=0O @53C;OF8O ?>2545=8O 8=482840 //A8E>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 @53C;OF88 ?>2545=8O. ., 1976. !. 130).  4@C38E A;CG0OE >1I5=85 ?>=8<05BAO :0: >?@545;5==0O AB>@>=0 45OB5;L=>AB8: >=> 2:;NG5=> 2 ;N1CN 45OB5;L=>ABL, 5ABL 55 M;5<5=B, 2 B> 2@5<O :0: A0<C 45OB5;L=>ABL <>6=> @0AA<0B@820BL :0: CA;>285 >1I5=8O (. . 5>=BL52. 5OB5;L=>ABL. !>7=0=85. 8G=>ABL. ., 1975. !. 289). 0:>=5F, >1I5=85 <>6=> 8=B5@?@5B8@>20BL :0: >A>1K9 284 45OB5;L=>AB8. =CB@8 MB>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O 2K45;ONBAO 425 55 @07=>284=>AB8: 2 >4=>9 87 =8E >1I5=85 ?>=8<05BAO :0: :><<C=8:0B82=0O 45OB5;L=>ABL, 8;8 45OB5;L=>ABL >1I5=8O, 2KABC?0NI0O A0<>AB>OB5;L=> =0 >?@545;5==>< MB0?5 >=B>35=570, =0?@8<5@, C 4>H:>;L=8:>2 8 >A>15==> 2 ?>4@>AB:>2>< 2>7@0AB5 (-;L:>=8=, 1991).  4@C3>9  >1I5=85 2 >1I5< ?;0=5 ?>=8<05BAO :0: >48= 87 284>2 45OB5;L=>AB8 (8<55BAO 2 284C ?@5645 2A53> @5G520O 45OB5;L=>ABL), 8 >B=>A8B5;L=> =55 >BKA:820NBAO 2A5 M;5<5=BK, A2>9AB25==K5 45OB5;L=>AB8 2>>1I5: 459AB28O, >?5@0F88, <>B82K 8 ?@. (. . 5>=BL52. 1I5=85 :0: >1J5:B ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 8AA;54>20=8O //5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. ., 1975. !. 122). @O4 ;8 >G5=L ACI5AB25==> 2KOA=OBL 4>AB>8=AB20 8 A@02=8B5;L=K5 =54>AB0B:8 :064>9 87 MB8E B>G5: 7@5=8O: =8 >4=0 87 =8E =5 >B@8F05B A0<>3> 3;02=>3>  =5A><=5==>9 A2O78 <564C 45OB5;L=>ABLN 8 >1I5=85<, 2A5 ?@87=0NB =54>?CAB8<>ABL 8E >B@K20 4@C3 >B 4@C30 ?@8 0=0;875. "5< 1>;55 GB> @0AE>645=85 ?>78F89 3>@074> 1>;55 >G5284=> =0 C@>2=5 B5>@5B8G5A:>3> 8 >1I5<5B>4>;>38G5A:>3> 0=0;870. 'B> :0A05BAO M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=>9 ?@0:B8:8, B> 2 =59 C 2A5E 8AA;54>20B5;59 3>@074> 1>;LH5 >1I53>, G5< @07;8G=>3>. -B8< >1I8< 8 O2;ONBAO ?@87=0=85 D0:B0 548=AB20 >1I5=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 8 ?>?KB:8 70D8:A8@>20BL MB> 548=AB2>. K45;5=85 ?@54<5B0 >1I5=8O =5 4>;6=> 1KBL ?>=OB> 2C;L30@=>: ;N48 >1I0NBAO =5 B>;L:> ?> ?>2>4C B>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, A :>B>@>9 >=8 A2O70=K. 048 2K45;5=8O 42CE 2>7<>6=KE ?>2>4>2 >1I5=8O 2 ;8B5@0BC@5 @072>4OBAO ?>=OB8O  @>;52>3> 8  ;8G=>AB=>3> >1I5=8O. @8 =5:>B>@KE >1AB>OB5;LAB20E MB> ;8G=>AB=>5 >1I5=85 ?> D>@<5 <>65B 2K3;O45BL :0: @>;52>5, 45;>2>5,  ?@54<5B=>-?@>1;5<=>5 (%0@0H . #.  >?@545;5=8N 7040G 8 <5B>4>2 A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 2 A25B5 ?@8=F8?0 45OB5;L=>AB8 //"5>@5B8G5A:85 8 <5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. ., 1977. !. 30). "5< A0<K< @072545=85 @>;52>3> 8 ;8G=>AB=>3> >1I5=8O =5 O2;O5BAO 01A>;NB=K<.  >?@545;5==KE >B=>H5=8OE 8 A8BC0F8OE 8 B>, 8 4@C3>5 A>?@O65=> A 45OB5;L=>ABLN. 45O  2?;5B5==>AB8 >1I5=8O 2 45OB5;L=>ABL ?>72>;O5B B0:65 45B0;L=> @0AA<>B@5BL 2>?@>A > B><, GB> 8<5==> 2 45OB5;L=>AB8 <>65B :>=AB8BC8@>20BL >1I5=85.  A0<>< >1I5< 2845 >B25B <>65B 1KBL AD>@<C;8@>20= B0:, GB> ?>A@54AB2>< >1I5=8O 45OB5;L=>ABL >@30=87C5BAO 8 >1>30I05BAO. >AB@>5=85 ?;0=0 A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 B@51C5B >B :064>3> 55 CG0AB=8:0 >?B8<0;L=>3> ?>=8<0=8O 55 F5;59, 7040G, COA=5=8O A?5F8D8:8 55 >1J5:B0 8 4065 2>7<>6=>AB59 :064>3> 87 CG0AB=8:>2. :;NG5=85 >1I5=8O 2 MB>B ?@>F5AA ?>72>;O5B >ACI5AB28BL  A>3;0A>20=85 8;8  @0AA>3;0A>20=85 45OB5;L=>AB59 8=48284C0;L=KE CG0AB=8:>2 (. . 5>=BL52. 1I5=85 :0: >1J5:B ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 8AA;54>20=8O< //5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. ., 1975. !. 116). -B> A>3;0A>20=85 45OB5;L=>AB59 >B45;L=KE CG0AB=8:>2 2>7<>6=> >ACI5AB28BL 1;03>40@O B0:>9 E0@0:B5@8AB8:5 >1I5=8O, :0: ?@8ACI0O 5<C DC=:F8O 2>7459AB28O, 2 :>B>@>9 8 ?@>O2;O5BAO  >1@0B=>5 2;8O=85 >1I5=8O =0 45OB5;L=>ABL (=4@5520 . ., /=>CH5: /. 708<>A2O7L >1I5=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 //1I5=85 8 >?B8<870F8O A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. ., 1987). !?5F8D8:C MB>9 DC=:F88 <K 2KOA=8< 2<5AB5 A @0AA<>B@5=85< @07;8G=KE AB>@>= >1I5=8O. !59G0A 65 206=> ?>4G5@:=CBL, GB> 45OB5;L=>ABL ?>A@54AB2>< >1I5=8O =5 ?@>AB> >@30=87C5BAO, => 8<5==> >1>30I05BAO, 2 =59 2>7=8:0NB =>2K5 A2O78 8 >B=>H5=8O <564C ;N4L<8. !B@C:BC@0 >1I5=8O #G8BK20O A;>6=>ABL >1I5=8O, =5>1E>48<> :0:8<-B> >1@07>< >1>7=0G8BL 53> AB@C:BC@C, GB>1K 70B5< 2>7<>65= 1K; 0=0;87 :064>3> M;5<5=B0.  AB@C:BC@5 >1I5=8O <>6=> ?>4>9B8 ?>-@07=><C, :0: 8 : >?@545;5=8N 53> DC=:F89. K ?@54;0305< E0@0:B5@87>20BL AB@C:BC@C >1I5=8O ?CB5< 2K45;5=8O 2 =5< B@5E 2708<>A2O70==KE AB>@>=: :><<C=8:0B82=>9, 8=B5@0:B82=>9 8 ?5@F5?B82=>9. !B@C:BC@0 >1I5=8O <>65B 1KBL AE5<0B8G=> 87>1@065=0 A;54CNI8< >1@07>< (@8A. 1.2).  8A. 1.2. !B@C:BC@0 >1I5=8O ><<C=8:0B82=0O AB>@>=0 >1I5=8O, 8;8 :><<C=8:0F8O 2 C7:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, A>AB>8B 2 >1<5=5 8=D>@<0F859 <564C >1I0NI8<8AO 8=482840<8. =B5@0:B82=0O AB>@>=0 70:;NG05BAO 2 >@30=870F88 2708<>459AB28O <564C >1I0NI8<8AO 8=482840<8, B. 5. 2 >1<5=5 =5 B>;L:> 7=0=8O<8, 845O<8, => 8 459AB28O<8. 5@F5?B82=0O AB>@>=0 >1I5=8O >7=0G05B ?@>F5AA 2>A?@8OB8O 8 ?>7=0=8O 4@C3 4@C30 ?0@B=5@0<8 ?> >1I5=8N 8 CAB0=>2;5=8O =0 MB>9 >A=>25 2708<>?>=8<0=8O. AB5AB25==>, GB> 2A5 MB8 B5@<8=K 25AL<0 CA;>2=K. =>340 2 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 0=0;>38G=>< A<KA;5 C?>B@51;ONBAO 8 4@C385. 0?@8<5@, 2 >1I5=88 2K45;ONBAO B@8 DC=:F88: 8=D>@<0F8>==>-:><<C=8:0B82=0O, @53C;OF8>==>-:><<C=8:0B82=0O, 0DD5:B82=>-:><<C=8:0B82=0O (><>2 . $. 1I5=85 8 A>F80;L=0O @53C;OF8O ?>2545=8O 8=482840 //A8E>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A>F80;L=>9 @53C;OF88 ?>2545=8O. ., 1976. !. 85). 040G0 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, GB>1K BI0B5;L=> ?@>0=0;878@>20BL, 2 B>< G8A;5 =0 M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=>< C@>2=5, A>45@60=85 :064>9 87 MB8E AB>@>=, 8;8 DC=:F89. >=5G=>, 2 @50;L=>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 :0640O 87 MB8E AB>@>= =5 ACI5AB2C5B 87>;8@>20==> >B 42CE 4@C38E, 8 2K45;5=85 8E 2>7<>6=> ;8HL 4;O 0=0;870, 2 G0AB=>AB8, 4;O ?>AB@>5=8O A8AB5<K M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=KE 8AA;54>20=89. A5 >1>7=0G5==K5 745AL AB>@>=K >1I5=8O 2KO2;ONBAO 2 <0;KE 3@C??0E, B. 5. 2 CA;>28OE =5?>A@54AB25==>3> :>=B0:B0 <564C ;N4L<8. B45;L=> A;54C5B @0AA<>B@5BL 2>?@>A > A@54AB20E 8 <5E0=87<0E 2>7459AB28O ;N459 4@C3 =0 4@C30 8 2 CA;>28OE 8E A>2<5AB=KE <0AA>2KE 459AB289, GB> 4>;6=> 1KBL ?@54<5B>< A?5F80;L=>3> 0=0;870, 2 G0AB=>AB8, ?@8 87CG5=88 ?A8E>;>388 1>;LH8E 3@C?? 8 <0AA>2KE 42865=89. . >1@>28G !!"" )/ 1) 1I0O <>45;L @8 ?>AB@>5=88 >1I59 <>45;8 :><<C=8:0F88 F5;5A>>1@07=> 2>A?>;L7>20BLAO AE5<>9 . /:>1A>=0 (1964 3.):  345    04@5A0=B ,    04@5A0B 8=D>@<0F88. !2O7L <>65B 1KBL =5?>A@54AB25==>9 (2 >1I5=88 ;N459  @5GL 8 65AB8:C;OF8O 2 H8@>:>< A<KA;5 A;>20, 2:;NG0O, =0?@8<5@,  2>:0;L=K5 65ABK ; 8=B>=0F88) 8;8 >?>A@54>20==>9 (B5;5D>=, B5;5B09? 8 B. ?.). >4  ?@028;0 O7K:0 (8;8  ?CG:0 O7K:>2), 8A?>;L7C5<>3> 4;O ?5@540G8 A>>1I5=8O; :>=B5:AB  70@0=55 7040==>5  A<KA;>2>5 ?>;5 , 2 :>B>@>< A>>1I5=85 AB0=>28BAO 8=D>@<0B82=K<. 2) >=B0:B >4  :>=B0:B>< ?>=8<05BAO A;CG09 :><<C=8:0F88 A >1@0B=>9 A2O7LN:  <5==> B0:, :0:  2708<=CN =0?@02;5==>ABL ?0@B=5@>2, ?>=8<05B  :>=B0:B . N;;5@ (1927 3.). ;O =53> :>=B0:B   ?@>F5AA A>3;0A>20==KE A>87<5=5=89 ?>2545=8O . 4@5A0=B =5 B>;L:> A>>1I05B 8=D>@<0F8N, => 8 ?>;CG05B >B25B=CN. =K<8 A;>20<8, 04@5A0=B, A45;02 A>>1I5=85, AB0=>28BAO 04@5A0B><; B>B, ?>;CG82 A>>1I5=85, AB0=>28BAO 04@5A0=B><. -B>B ?@>F5AA <>65B ?@>4>;60BLAO A:>;L C3>4=> 4>;3>. ! =0H59 B>G:8 7@5=8O, ?>=OB85  D>@<0;L=>3> (8;8  =5D>@<0;L=>3> ) >1I5=8O ?@8<5=8<> 8<5==> : :>=B0:BC, 0 =5 : :><<C=8:0F88 2>>1I5.  $>@<0;L=K< >1I5=85< <K 1C45< =07K20BL :>=B0:B, =0 :>B>@K9 =0;>65=K B5 8;8 8=K5 >3@0=8G5=8O. !<KA; MB>3> >?@545;5=8O 1C45B @0A:@KB 2 40;L=59H5<. >:0 65 ?@>4>;68< @0AA<>B@5=85 :>=B0:B0. 3) 48=8F0 :>=B0:B0 48=8F59 :>=B0:B0 5AB5AB25==> AG8B0BL ?@>AB59H89 A;CG09:  ?5@5405B  >48=  :><<C=8:0B82=K9 AB8<C; (8;8  :><<C=8:0B ) 8 ?>;CG05B >48= >B25B=K9;  ?>;CG05B >48= AB8<C; 8 ?5@5405B >48= 2 >B25B; ?@>8AE>48B  >1<5= :><<C=8:0B0<8. !;54CO ?A8E>B5@0?52BC -. 5@=5 (1964 3.), =07>25< B0:>9 >1<5=  B@0=A0:F859 . @8<5@K.  A<5@8;  ?@57@8B5;L=K< 273;O4><. ">B 45<>=AB@0B82=> >B25@=C;AO  ?@>87>H;0 B@0=A0:F8O. "> 65 A0<>5, =>  ?>?@>ABC A<>B@5; 2 4@C3CN AB>@>=C 8 =5 70<5B8; 7=0:0 ?@57@5=8O,  B@0=A0:F8O =5 A>AB>O;0AL (:>=B0:B0 =5 1K;>).  A>>1I8;  =5:CN =>2>ABL,  C;K1=C;AO, =5 A:0702 =8 A;>20,  B@0=A0:F8O, B5< =5 <5=55, 8<5;0 <5AB>, B0: :0: C;K1:0  MB>  65AB , :><<C=8:0B82=K9 AB8<C;.  2 :0G5AB25 0:B5@0 ?@>87=5A MDD5:B=CN @5?;8:C, 7@8B5;L=K9 70; (2 :0G5AB25 04@5A0B0) 70B08; 4KE0=85  B@0=A0:F8O A>AB>O;0AL. "> 65  5A;8 ?C1;8:0 2>7<CI5==> 70H8:0;0, @0AE>E>B0;0AL 8;8 @07@078;0AL 0?;>48A<5=B0<8. '5;>25G5A:85 B@0=A0:F88 ?>GB8 2A5340 ?@54?>;030NB 8A?>;L7>20=85 =5A:>;L:8E :>4>2 >4=>2@5<5==>, B. 5.  ?CG:0 O7K:>2. /7K: A;>2 A>G5B05BAO A O7K:>< ?0C7, 8=B>=0F89, ?>7 8 <8<8:8. 4) !>45@60=85 :><<C=8:0B82=>3> AB8<C;0 0: 284=> 87 B>;L:> GB> ?@82545==KE ?@8<5@>2, :><<C=8:0B A?>A>15= =5AB8 :0: M;5<5=B0@=CN, B0: 8 A25@EA;>6=CN 8=D>@<0F8N. @8<5@ M;5<5=B0@=>9  B0: =07K205<>5  ?>3;06820=85 : 8=D>@<0F8O > ?@8=04;56=>AB8 : >4=>9 >1I=>AB8, > 1;03>65;0B5;L=>< >B=>H5=88 : ?0@B=5@C. @8<5@ A25@EA;>6=>9 8=D>@<0F88  A;>25A=>-<C7K:0;L=>-?0=B><8<8G5A:0O ?5@540G0 <8AB8G5A:>3> >?KB0 6@5F>< 8;8 H0<0=><. A>1> 2K45;8<  M<>F8>=0;L=K9 @048:0; :><<C=8:0B82=>3> AB8<C;0. A;8 M;5<5=B0@=K9  ?>;>68B5;L=K9 AB8<C; <K A>3;0A8<AO, ?> 5@=5, =07K20BL  ?>3;06820=85< , B> M;5<5=B0@=K9  >B@8F0B5;L=K9 AB8<C; 70A;C68205B =0720=8O  ?8=:0 ,  C:CA0 8;8  C:>;0 .  #:>; ?@54?>GB8B5;L=55 A B>G:8 7@5=8O AB8;O. 5) 0@B=5@K :>=B0:B0. 0A:8 0;L=59H0O @07@01>B:0 AE5<K :0A05BAO ?0@B=5@>2 :>=B0:B0. >A:>;L:C @5GL 845B > ;N4OE, :064K9 87 =8E @0A?>;0305B: 0) =01>@>< <0A>: 4;O  157;8G=>9 :><<C=8:0F88; 6) ;8G=>ABLN 4;O  <56;8G=>AB=>9 :><<C=8:0F88. 1@0B8<AO B5?5@L : :>=B0:BC <0A>:. 0A:0  MB> A>2>:C?=>ABL 7=0:>2 (@5G52KE, 65AB>2KE), ?>40G0 :>B>@KE >15A?5G8205B  3;04:>5 8 157>?0A=>5 2708<>459AB285 2 G5;>25G5A:>9 3@C??5. @8<5@K: <0A:0 256;82>AB8.  >1I5AB25==>< <5AB5 >BACBAB285 B0:>9 <0A:8 (7;>1=>5 8;8 @0AA5O==>5 2K@065=85 ;8F0, 3@C1K9 B>=, G5@5AGC@ 3@><:89 A<5E 8 B. ?.) 2;5G5B 70 A>1>9 A0=:F88 3@C??K: =0@5:0=8O, =0A<5H:8, 03@5AA82=>ABL.  2 B> 65 2@5<O ?>O28BLAO 2 <0A:5 256;82>AB8 A@548 ?>42K?82H8E 3C;O:  7=0G8B 2K720BL 8E @074@065=85 8;8 >184C; 745AL B@51C5BAO 4@C30O <0A:0: 4>1@>65;0B5;LAB20 8;8 ;>O;L=>3> =52<5H0B5;LAB20. 0A:0 A:>@18 ?>4E>48B 4;O ?>E>@>=, => =5 4;O A204L1K 8 B. 4. N48 <5=ONB <0A:8 ?>GB8 02B><0B8G5A:8, ?> >1AB>OB5;LAB20<. A;8 2 >1I5=88 ?0@B=5@>2 4>?CA:05BAO B>;L:> :>=B0:B <0A>:, B. 5. =0:;04K205BAO >3@0=8G5=85 =0 CG0AB85 ;8G=>AB59 2 15A545, B> ?5@54 =0<8 ?5@2K9 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O. #:070==>5 >3@0=8G5=85 <>65B 1KBL @07=K< ?> A2>59 ?@8@>45. B<5B8< G5BK@5 B8?0 >3@0=8G5=89, =0:;04K205<KE =0 :>=B0:B. 0) >=25=F8>=0;L=K5 >3@0=8G5=8O.  40==>9 A>F80;L=>9 3@C??5 ACI5AB2C5B  :>=25=F8O  >1KG09, A>3;0A=> :>B>@><C 2 02B>1CA5 =5 ?@8=OB> 704020BL 2>?@>AK ;8G=>3> E0@0:B5@0 A;CG09=><C A?CB=8:C ( K, 4>;6=> 1KBL, A53>4=O ?;>E> A?0;8? ) 8;8 A>>1I0BL GB>-;81> 87 A2>59 ;8G=>9 AD5@K ( =05B5, O @07>G0@>20;AO 2 687=8 ). @8=OBK ;8HL 157;8G=K5 :><<C=8:0B82=K5 AB8<C;K B8?0:  07@5H8B5?  >60;C9AB0 ,  728=8B5!  8G53> AB@0H=>3> 8 B. ?. >=25=F8O, A;54>20B5;L=>, 2K=C6405B ?0@B=5@>2 :  157;8G=><C :>=B0:BC, : >1I5=8N <0A>:. 1) !8BC0B82=K5 >3@0=8G5=8O. =8 1;87:8 : :>=25=F8>=0;L=K<. 45AL 2K45;ONBAO >A>1K5 A8BC0F88, 2 :>B>@KE CG0AB85 ;8G=>AB59 :0: ?0@B=5@>2 :>=B0:B0 ;8HL  ?>@B8B 45;>. @8<5@K: F5@5<>=80; A40G8 A<5=K 8;8 @072>40 :0@0C;0, G09=0O F5@5<>=8O C O?>=F52 8 B. ?. 2) -<>F8>=0;L=K5 >3@0=8G5=8O. 0@B=5@K >1I5=8O M<>F8>=0;L=> E>;>4=K 8;8 2@06451=K 4@C3 : 4@C3C 8, AB@5<OAL ?@54>B2@0B8BL :>=D;8:B, ?>;L7CNBAO 2 :>=B0:B5 8A:;NG8B5;L=> <0A:0<8. 3) 0A8;LAB25==K5 >3@0=8G5=8O. 48= 87 ?0@B=5@>2, 2>7<>6=>, 3>B>2 : <56;8G=>AB=><C >1I5=8N, => 4@C3>9 ?> B5< 8;8 8=K< ?@8G8=0< ?@5A5:05B MB8 ?>?KB:8, =04520O <0A:C 8 2K=C640O A45;0BL B> 65 A0<>5 A2>53> A>15A54=8:0. 3@0=8G5=8O MB>3> @>40, :0: 2848<, >B;8G0NBAO >B M<>F8>=0;L=KE ;8HL =5:>B>@K<8 =N0=A0<8. 3@0=8G5=8O :>=B0:B0, ?> . !. 0@K38=C (1970), A>740NB  ?A8E>;>38G5A:85 10@L5@K <564C ;N4L<8 , 70<5=OO ?>4;8==>5 >1I5=85  AB5@5>B8?0<8 ,  AB0=40@B=K<8 ?>2545=G5A:8<8 @50:F8O<8 . N1>9 A;CG09 :>=B0:B0 <0A>: <>65B 1KBL >1JOA=5= ?5@5G8A;5==K<8 >3@0=8G5=8O<8 8;8 8E A>G5B0=85<. 6) 8G=>ABL 8 ?>78F8O ;8G=>AB8 2 :>=B0:B5 8G=>ABL  AB@C:BC@0 G@572KG09=>9 A;>6=>AB8, 8 <K 1C45< @0AA<0B@820BL 55 ;8HL 2 G0AB=KE 0A?5:B0E, 8<5NI8E =081>;LH55 7=0G5=85 2 :>=B0:B5. '5;>25: :0:  :><<C=8:0=B @0A?>;0305B ?> :@09=59 <5@5 B@5<O ;8G=>AB=K<8 ?>78F8O<8. =8, ?> <=5=8N -. 5@=5, A>ACI5AB2CNB 2 @0<:0E >4=>9 8 B>9 65 ;8G=>AB8, 4>?>;=OO 4@C3 4@C30. 0) >78F8O @515=:0,  48BOB8 (?>78F8O ). !>E@0=O5BAO >B @0==53> 2>7@0AB0. !>A@54>B>G8205B 2 A515 A8;L=K5 8 A;01K5 AB>@>=K 45BA:>9 =0BC@K.   A8;L=K< , 2848<>, A;54C5B >B=5AB8 @0A:>20==>ABL, B2>@G5A:85 ?>@K2K, 8<?C;LA82=CN 687=5@04>AB=>ABL, D0=B078N, ;N1>?KBAB2>.   A;01K<  ?C3;82>ABL, =5C25@5==>ABL, 15A?><>I=>ABL, 4>25@G82>ABL, =5A45@60==>ABL. 1) >78F8O @>48B5;O (?>78F8O ). #A208205BAO 2 45BAB25 70 AG5B >1>60=8O AB0@H8E 8 ?>4@060=8O 8<. 5 A8;L=K5 AB>@>=K: C25@5==>ABL 2 ?@02>B5 <>@0;L=KE B@51>20=89, A?>A>1=>ABL : 02B>@8B5B=><C B>=C, : ?>:@>28B5;LAB2C 8 70I8B5 A;01>3>. 5=55 ?@82;5:0B5;L=K5 G5@BK: 1570?5;;OF8>==>ABL, 4>3<0B87<, A>7=0=85 ?@52>AE>4AB20 8 ?@020  :0@0BL . 2) >78F8O 27@>A;>3> (?>78F8O ). 0AG5B 459AB289, :>=B@>;L =04 =8<8, B@572>ABL 2 >F5=:0E, ?>=8<0=85 >B=>A8B5;L=>AB8 4>3<. @8 MB>< 87;8H=89 A:5?B8F87<, A:>20==>ABL (=54>AB0B>: A?>=B0==>AB8), 154=>ABL D0=B0788, =54>>F5=:0 M<>F8>=0;L=>9 AB>@>=K 687=8. C4L G5;>25: ;8H5= :0:>9-;81> 87 MB8E ?>78F89, 53> ?>2545=85 AB0;> 1K  =5040?B82=K< : ;81> A;8H:>< 65AB:8<, ;81> A;8H:>< @KE;K< 8 1570;015@=K<. 4=0:> 2 =5:>B>@CN 548=8FC 2@5<5=8 (?> E>4C :>=B0:B0) 254CI59 O2;O5BAO :0:0O-B> >4=0 87 ?>78F89; 2 A;54CNI89 <><5=B <>65B 2>7>1;040BL 4@C30O. 7 A:070==>3> A;54C5B, GB> 2 :>=B0:B5 CG0AB2CNB D0:B8G5A:8 =5 42>5, 0 H5AB5@> ?0@B=5@>2: 4@5A0=B 4@5A0B       -B> >1AB>OB5;LAB2> B@51C5B 1>;55 ?>4@>1=>9 A8AB5<0B8:8 B@0=A0:F89. =8 ?>4@0745;ONBAO A;54CNI8< >1@07><: 7) 708<>4>?>;=ONI85 B@0=A0:F88 ><<C=8:0B82=K9 AB8<C; ?>AK;05BAO 04@5A0=B>< A ?>78F88 % 8 ?@8=8<05BAO 04@5A0B>< 2 ?>78F88 #; >B25B=K9 AB8<C; ?>AK;05BAO A ?>78F88 # 4;O 53> ?@85<0 ?0@B=5@>< 2 ?>78F88 X. I   2 0 = > 2. 'B> AB0;> A <>;>4K<8 ;N4L<8? =8 A>2A5< @0A?CAB8;8AL.  5 B @ > 2. 0, 2 8E 3>4K <K 1K;8 ?>A:@><=55.  MB>< ?@8<5@5 :><<C=8:0B82=K9 AB8<C; ?>AK;05BAO A ?>78F88 @>48B5;O(A;520 =0?@02>, GB> >1>7=0G5=> AB@5;:>9). !B8<C; 04@5A>20=  @>48B5;LA:>9 65 ?>78F88 ?0@B=5@0. 0@B=5@ >B25G05B 8<5==> A MB>9 ?>78F88 (AB@5;:0 A?@020 =0;52>). II   @ 5 ? > 4 0 2 0 B 5 ; L. 0:8< >1@07>< C 20A ?>;CG8;>AL B@5E7=0G=>5 G8A;>? ! B C 4 5 = B. E, 40: O 701K; 872;5GL :204@0B=K9 :>@5=L. III EMBED Word.Picture.8 ! G 5 B > 2 > 4.  =5 A>@20BLAO ;8 =0< 2 10@, ?>:0 =5B =0G0;LAB20?  C E 3 0 ; B 5 @. ">;L:> A:>@55: C<8@0N  ?820 E>GC. @8<5@K I, II 8 III <>6=>, :0: 8=>340 45;0NB 2 @568AAC@5, =0720BL  ?@8AB@>9:>9 ?0@B=5@>2 @O4>< . IV   2 0 = > 2. >-<>5<C, 20< A;54>20;> 1K CABC?8BL <5AB> 2>= B>9 ?>68;>9 40<5.  5 B @ > 2. K ?@02K (CABC?05B <5AB>). , 0@80=B:  A>60;5=8N, O 1>;5= 8 5420 45@6CAL =0 =>30E. 045NAL, 40<0 8728=8B <5=O. V   2 0 = > 2. 0: 20< =5 ABK4=> A845BL, :>340 @O4>< AB>8B ?>68;0O 65=I8=0?  5 B @ > 2. @>AB8B5, ?>60;C9AB0, O ?@>AB> =5 70<5B8;. 04C<0;AO, 7=05B5... 0@80=B: 'B> 2K ?@8AB0;8? B> 2K B0:>9, GB>1K <=5 C:07K20BL?; VI  ! 8 4 > @ > 2 0. @>2>48B5 <5=O: C =0A 2 ?>4J5745 2A5340 B>;:CBAO ?LO=K5.  2 0 = > 2. C, :>=5G=>, ?@>2>6C. VII   5 B @ > 2. K B0: >?KB=K  =0CG8B5, :0: <=5 68BL 40;LH5.  2 0 = > 2. @5645 2A53> 20< =04> >B4>E=CBL 8 CA?>:>8BLAO. 0@80=B: 5G=> 2K =>5B5 8 645B5 A>25B0 >B 4@C38E! @8<5@K IV 8 V 4;O ?0@B=5@0 A;520 O2;ONBAO  ?@8AB@>9:>9 A25@EC ; ?@8<5@K VI 8 VII 4;O ?0@B=5@0 A;520 O2;ONBAO  ?@8AB@>9:>9 A=87C . 5@54:> ?>4>1=K5 B@0=A0:F88 O2;ONBAO D8:A8@>20==K<8. 0?@8<5@, A25BA:0O 15A540 <0;>7=0:><KE ?5=A8>=5@>2 <>65B >3@0=8G820BLAO B@0=A0:F8O<8   (A<. I). 5;>20O 15A540 8;8 48?;><0B8G5A:89 ?@85< B@51CNB D8:A8@>20==KE B@0=A0:F89   (A<. II).  A8BC0F88 ?8:=8:0 8;8 :>ABN<8@>20==>3> 10;0 D8:A8@CNBAO B@0=A0:F88   (A<. III), 4@C385 65 AG8B0NBAO =5C<5AB=K<8. B=>H5=8O <564C ?@5?>4020B5;5< 8 ABC45=B>< ?@54?8AK20NB B@0=A0:F88 2 ?>78F8OE   (A<. IV), 0 <564C CG8B5;L=8F59 8 H:>;L=8:0<8    (A<. V). ;O 65=I8= 5AB5AB25==K (8 65;0B5;L=K) B@0=A0:F88 A <C6G8=>9 B8?0   (A<. VI) 8;8 4065   (A<. VII). "@0=A0:F88 B8?0   ?>AB>O==> 2>7=8:0NB <564C ?0F85=B>< 8 ?A8E>B5@0?52B><, ?@8G5< A<5=0 2708<=>9 ?>78F88 2 E>45 :>=B0:B>2 AG8B0;0AL 4> ?>A;54=53> 2@5<5=8 70?@5I5==>9. A;8 :>=B0:B <0A>: <K >?@545;8;8 :0: ?5@2K9 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O, B> ?@8 D8:A8@>20==KE B@0=A0:F8OE <K AB0;:8205<AO A> 2B>@K< A;CG05<; 745AL 459AB2C5B >3@0=8G5=85, =0;0305<>5 =0 A<5=C ?>78F89. 0: 8 2 ?@54K4CI5< A;CG05, >3@0=8G5=85 <>65B 1KBL ?> A2>59 ?@8@>45 :>=25=F8>=0;L=K<, A8BC0B82=K<, M<>F8>=0;L=K<, =0A8;LAB25==K< 8;8 A<5H0==K<. 8) "@0=A0:F88 157 2708<>4>?>;=5=8O 45AL >B25B=K9 AB8<C; ?0@B=5@0 ;81> ?>ABC?05B =5 A B>9 ?>78F88, :C40 1K; =0?@02;5= 8AE>4=K9 AB8<C;, ;81> 04@5A>20= =5 : B>9 ?>78F88, A :>B>@>9 MB>B 8AE>4=K9 AB8<C; ?>AK;0;AO. VIII   2 0 = > 2. 'B> AB0;> A <>;>4K<8 ;N4L<8? =8 A>2A5< @0A?CAB8;8AL.  5 B @ > 2. A?><=8B5: :>340 <K 1K;8 <>;>4K<8, =0H8 @>48B5;8 3>2>@8;8 B> 65 A0<>5. IX  ! G 5 B > 2 > 4.  =5 A>@20BLAO ;8 =0< 2 :8=>, ?>:0 =5B =0G0;LAB20?  C E 3 0 ; B 5 @. !BK48B5AL, 2K =0 @01>B5! !;CG08 B8?0 VIII 8 IX <K =07K205< B@0=A0:F8O<8 157 2708<>4>?>;=5=8O, =>  A CG5B>< 04@5A0 . 59AB28B5;L=>: ?@02K9 ?0@B=5@ 2 MB8E ?@8<5@0E >B25G05B =5 A B>9 ?>78F88, A :0:>9 >6840;>AL, => 04@5AC5BAO : 8AE>4=>9 ?>78F88 ;52>3> ?0@B=5@0. %  ! G 5 B > 2 > 4.  =5 A>@20BLAO ;8 =0< 2 :8=>, ?>:0 =5B =0G0;LAB20?  C E 3 0 ; B 5 @. C4LB5 4>1@K, ?5@5409B5 <=5 254><>ABL 70 8N;L <5AOF. XI   C 6. "515 =5 ?>?040;8AL =0 3;070 <>8 70?>=:8?  5 = 0. 5G=> BK 2A5 B5@O5HL, =5 <>65HL 157 =O=L:8! !;CG08 B8?0 % 8 XI  MB> B@0=A0:F88  157 CG5B0 04@5A0 .  A0<>< 45;5: ?@02K9 ?0@B=5@ =5 B>;L:> >B25G05B A =5>6840==>9 ?>78F88, => 8 04@5AC5BAO =5 : 8AE>4=>9 ?>78F88 ;52>3> ?0@B=5@0. !;CG09 XI 87>1@0605B B0: =07K205<CN  ?5@5:@5AB=CN B@0=A0:F8N. >B 5I5 ?@8<5@K B0:>3> 65 B8?0. XII   C 6. "515 =5 ?>?040;8AL =0 3;070 <>8 70?>=:8?  5 = 0. 5G=> BK :> <=5 ?@848@05HLAO? >G5<C O >1O70=0 2A5 ?><=8BL? XIII  ! 5 < 5 =. >7L<8-:0, 1@0B, AC<:C, 40 AE>48 70 E;51><. ! B 5 ? 0 =. 5=L >B 4820=0 >B>@20BLAO? >7L<8 40 AE>48 A0<! 5@5:@5AB=K5 B@0=A0:F88 A?;>HL 8 @O4>< >7=0G0NB AA>@C ?0@B=5@>2. >>1I5 B@0=A0:F88 157 2708<>4>?>;=5=8O >1KG=> A>45@60B 1>;57=5==K9  C:>; E>BO 1K 4;O >4=>3> 87 CG0AB=8:>2 :>=B0:B0. A;8 B@0=A0:F8O<8 B8?0 VIII  XIII >?@545;O5BAO 25AL E>4 :>=B0:B0, B.5. >3@0=8G5=85 =0:;04K205BAO =0 :0:CN 1K B> =8 1K;> 2708<>4>?>;=O5<>ABL, ?5@54 =0<8 B@5B89 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O. K =07>25< B0:>5 >1I5=85  :>=D;8:B=K< . %0@0:B5@ >3@0=8G5=8O G0I5 2A53> M<>F8>=0;L=K9 8;8 =0A8;LAB25==K9.  >4=0:>, 5A;8 >3@0=8G5=85 =0:;04K205BAO =0 :0:>9-;81> 87 42CE  M<>F8>=0;L=KE @048:0;>2 :><<C=8:0B82=>3> AB8<C;0, B> MB>  G5B25@BK9 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O. 5GL 845B > 70?@5B5  C:>;>2 (A0;>==>5 I515B0=85, 345 ?>72>;5=K B>;L:> 2708<=K5 ?>3;06820=8O) 8;8 > 70?@5B5 ?>3;06820=89 (B@048F8>==0O ?8:8@>2:0 ?0@B=5@>2, :>B>@K< ?@54?8A0=> 2KABC?0BL B>;L:> 2 @>;8 >??>=5=B>2 4@C3 4@C30; ?@545;L=K9 A;CG09  >=B5::8 8 0?C;5BB8). 9) !:@KBK5 B@0=A0:F88 ><<C=8:0B82=K9 AB8<C; <>65B A>AB>OBL 87 42CE (8;8 B@5E) A>>1I5=89, :064>5 87 :>B>@KE 04@5A>20=> @07=K< ?>78F8O< ?0@B=5@0. "> A>>1I5=85, :>B>@>5 2 =081>;LH59 <5@5 A>>B25BAB2C5B  :>=25=F8O< 8 :>=B5:ABC 15A54K, AG8B05BAO O2=K<; 4@C3>5 65 >:07K205BAO  A:@KBK< , :>A25==K<. XIV   2 0 = > 2. 0945<B5 :> <=5, O 682C >48=. K?L5< 3>@OG53> G09:C... (K <=5 >G5=L =@028B5AL.)  5 B @ > 2 0. 0, MB> 1K;> 1K :AB0B8  A>3@5BLAO G05<... (K <=5 B>65.) XV   5 B @ > 2. !59G0A O ?@54>AB02;N 20< A;>2>. (/ 286C, 2K A3>@05B5 >B =5B5@?5=8O ?>:@0A>20BLAO =0 B@81C=5.)  2 0 = > 2. <! (>3C 2>>1I5 =5 2KABC?0BL, 5A;8 2K =0<5@5=K A45;0BL 87 <5=O ?>A<5H8I5.) XVI   5 B @ > 2. !59G0A O ?@54>AB02;N 20< A;>2>. (>>1@060N A515, :0: 2K A =8<8 @0A?@028B5AL!)  2 0 = > 2. B;8G=>! (>65B5 =5 15A?>:>8BLAO, C6 O-B> 7040< 8< ?5@FC.) XVII   @ > 4 0 2 5 F. -B>B B5@<>A ?>4>H5; 1K 20< 1>;LH5 2A5E... (">;L:> =5 7=0N, <>65B5 ;8 2K A515 ?>72>;8BL B0:85 @0AE>4K.)  > : C ? 0 B 5 ; L = 8 F 0. / 15@C 53>, MB> :0: @07 B>, GB> <=5 =04>. !:@KBK5 B@0=A0:F88 2 ?@8<5@0E XV, XVI 8 XVII =>AOB O2=> ?@>2>F8@CNI89 E0@0:B5@. 4=0:> 2 @O45 A;CG052 B0:0O ?@>2>:0F8O =5 O2;O5BAO =0<5@5==>9. A;8 25@=CBLAO : ?5@5:@5AB=K< B@0=A0:F8O< ?@8<5@>2 XI, XII 8 XIII, B>, AB@>3> 3>2>@O, MB> A:>@55 2A53> A;CG08 =5?@54=0<5@5==KE ?@>2>:0F89. 0@B8=0 745AL, 2848<>, B0:>20. %10   C 6. "515 =5 ?>?040;8AL <>8 70?>=:8? (728=8, 4>@>30O, GB> >B2;5:0N B51O, O B0: @0AA5O=.)  5 = 0. 5G=> BK 2A5 B5@O5HL, =5 <>65HL 157 =O=L:8! %0   C 6. "515 =5 ?>?040;8AL =0 3;070 <>8 70?>=:8?  5 = 0. 'B> BK :> <=5 ?@848@05HLAO? >G5<C O >1O70=0 2A5 ?><=8BL? %>BO 8A?>;L7>20=85 A:@KBKE B@0=A0:F89 2545B ?>4G0A : ?5@5:@5AB=K< B@0=A0:F8O< 8 40;55  : =0@CH5==>9 2708<>4>?>;=O5<>AB8 ;81> : @07@K2C >1I5=8O (B. 5. : AA>@5), A;54C5B >B<5B8BL >A>1CN @>;L MB>3>  A:@KB>3> 2708<>459AB28O 2 2>71C645=88 GC2AB2 A>15A54=8:>2. 3@0=8G5=85, =0:;04K205<>5 =0 A:@KBK5 B@0=A0:F88, ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 ?OBK9 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O. >=B0:B AB0=>28BAO  ACE8< ,  A:CG=K< ,  BO3>AB=K< 4;O ?0@B=5@0. "0:>5 >3@0=8G5=85 <>65B 1KBL ?> ?@8@>45 :0: :>=25=F8>=0;L=>-A8BC0B82=K< (45;>2>5 A>25I0=85), B0: 8 M<>F8>=0;L=>-=0A8;LAB25==K< (15A540 2@06451=>-=0AB>@>65==KE ;N459). @5645 G5< 428=CBLAO 40;LH5, A;54C5B >AB0=>28BLAO =0 =0A8;LAB25==KE >3@0=8G5=8OE :>=B0:B0. "0:85 >3@0=8G5=8O >B=>AOB : A;CG0O<  83@ , 8<5O 2 284C  ?@>83@KH B>3> 87 ?0@B=5@>2, :>B>@>3> >3@0=8G8;8 2 >1I5=88 8;8 2 4>AB865=88 A2>8E F5;59. K 1K ?@54?>G;8 =07K20BL MB8 A;CG08  <0=8?C;OF8O<8 , ><<C=8:0B82=K5 <0=8?C;OF88 ;N459 G0I5 2A53> 40;5:8 >B =528==KE 83@.  >B;8G85 >B A?>@B82=KE, :0@B>G=KE, 8 B><C ?>4>1=KE 83@, :>B>@K5 <>3CB 1KBL  G5AB=K<8 8  =5G5AB=K<8 , <0=8?C;OF88 2A5340 =5G5AB=K. >3>2>@8< > =8E ?>4@>1=55. 10) 0=8?C;OF88 > AB@C:BC@5 8E <>6=> @0745;8BL =0  >4=>B0:B=K5 8  <=>3>B0:B=K5 . @8<5@>< >4=>B0:B=>9 <0=8?C;OF88 #( O2;O5BAO A;CG09 @>4025F >:C?0B5;L=8F0 (A<. XVII), E>BO B0:0O <0=8?C;OF8O =5@54:> A>AB>8B 87 <=>65AB20  B0:B>2  E8B@>C<=KE  E>4>2 . @8<5@ XI 8=>340 ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 >4=>B0:B=K9 20@80=B <0=8?C;OF88 %,  ,.:  C 6 (4@C65;N1=>). "515 =5 ?>?040;8AL =0 3;070 <>8 70?>=:8?  5 = 0. 5G=> BK 2A5 B5@O5HL, =5 <>65HL 157 =O=L:8! (C6, 27>@202H8AL, 2KE>48B 87 :><=0BK, A8;L=> E;>?=C2 425@LN. > :0:8<-B> ?@8G8=0< 65=0 MB>3> 8 4>1820;0AL). I5 >48= ?@8<5@: >4=>B0:B=K9 20@80=B <0=8?C;OF88 ! - "/. B5F A5<59AB20 :>@?8B =04 G5@B560<8, 45;0BL :>B>@K5 >= =5 C<55B 8 =5 ;N18B. !K= ABCG8BAO 8 2E>48B A 2>?@>A><:  0<0 7>25B >1540BL  845HL? >@5-G5@B56=8: A0605B :;O:AC =0 20B<0= 8 >65AB>G5==> 2>A:;8F05B:  'B> BK =045;0;, MB> 2A5 87-70 B51O! =>3>B0:B=K5 <0=8?C;OF88 A>AB>OB 87 F5;>9 A5@88 B@0=A0:F89. @8<5@: <=>3>B0:B=0O <0=8?C;OF8O %,  ,.:  C 6 (4@C65;N1=>). =B5@5A=>, :C40 45;AO :;NG >B MB>3> OI8:0. "515 =5 ?>?040;AO?  5 = 0. A;5?, GB> ;8? >=, C 75@:0;LF0.  C 6. @8 G5< BCB  >A;5?  25I8 4>;6=K 1KBL =0 A2>8E <5AB0E.  5 = 0. K A B2>59 <0<>G:>9 =5 C?CAB8B5 A;CG0O A:070BL <=5 304>ABL. (0;55, ?5@594O =0  <0<>G:C , @073>2>@ >:0=G8205BAO B5<, GB> :B>-B> 87 42>8E E;>?05B 425@LN. > 2A59 25@>OB=>AB8, MB> 2 8=B5@5A0E 65=K.) I5 ?@8<5@: <0=8?C;OF8O "#. 5=0 GC2AB2C5B, GB> <C6 =0G0; BO3>B8BLAO 5N. 564C B5< B>B ?@8=>A8B 18;5BK 2 B50B@ =0 A?5:B0:;L, 402=> 8=B5@5ACNI89 >1>8E.  E>45 2>71C645==>3> ?5@5>4520=8O 65=K >=, >4=0:>, 45;05B 59 @57:>5 70<5G0=85:  A5340 BK :>?05HLAO!  8G53>, =0 B0:A8 CA?55<.  0 B0:A8? 0:0O @0AB>G8B5;L=>ABL! >B 4;O G53> O 4>;65= B@C48BLAO :0: ?@>:;OBK9! A;8 5<C C405BAO A?@>2>F8@>20BL 65=C =0 >B25B=K5  C:>;K , <0=8?C;OF8O ?5@5E>48B 2 %,  ,.. C6 >B?@02;O5BAO : A2>8< 7=0:><K<, ?@54>AB0282 65=5, 5A;8 59 C3>4=>, A0<>9 <G0BLAO 2 B50B@. @8 MB>< >=, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 4>18;AO 65;05<>3>, A 4@C3>9  =5 =5A5B >B25BAB25==>AB8 70 A:0=40;. 54L =5 :B> 8=>9, :0: >= ?@8=5A 18;5BK! 5=0 >:07K205BAO 703=0==>9 2  BC?8: . =>340 <564C A5@8O<8 <0=8?C;OB82=KE B@0=A0:F89 2>7<>6=K 4;8B5;L=K5 (8 70?;0=8@>20==K5) ?5@5@K2K. "0:>20 <0=8?C;OF8O  # ". 5B@>2 27O; C 20=>20 @54:CN :=83C. 20=>2 ?@>A8B 25@=CBL 55. 5B@>2 2K@0605B 3>B>2=>ABL A45;0BL MB>, =5A:>;L:> @07  701K205B > A2>5< >15I0=88, 0 70B5< 7>25B 20=>20 2 3>AB8. @8=8<0O 53>, >= 45@68BAO B0:, GB> B>B GC2AB2C5B A51O ?>;LI5==K<. 4=0:>, :0: 1K <564C ?@>G8<, 5B@>2 @>=O5B D@07C:  045NAL, 2K ?@8H;8 : =0< =5 B>;L:> 87-70 20H59 :=838? -B> 70B@C4=O5B 4;O 20=>20 =0?><8=0=85 > :=835, 8 >= CE>48B =8 A G5<. 0 A;54CNI89 45=L 5B@>2 2A?;5A:8205B @C:0<8:  K 703>2>@8;8AL 8 701K;8 > :=835! 20=>2 2K=C645= >B25B8BL:  8G53> AB@0H=>3> . >;L7COAL MB8<, 5B@>2 BCB 65 4>18205BAO @07@5H5=8O ?5@540BL :=83C A2>5<C ?@8OB5;N .   2A53> =0 ?0@C 45=L:>2 . 0;55, ?@54C?@5640O 2>?@>A 20=>20 > :=835, >= A=>20 7>25B 53> 2 3>AB8 8 B. 4. ! B>G:8 7@5=8O  2K3>4K <0=8?C;OB>@0, <>6=> ?>4@0745;8BL <0=8?C;OF88 =0 68B59A:8 2K3>4=K5 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8 2K3>4=K5 (E>BO =5@54:> >4=> A>G5B05BAO A 4@C38<). 8B59A:8 2K3>4=K, =0?@8<5@, #(, "#,  # ". /@:89 ?@8<5@ 68B59A:8 2K3>4=>9 <0=8?C;OF88  B0: =07K205<K9 #"  . C6 ?@>A8B 65=C =5 2K1@0AK20BL 2G5@0H=85 :>B;5BK, 0 A45;0BL 87 =8E 1CB5@1@>4 8 7025@=CBL 5<C =0 @01>BC (E>BO 65=5 8725AB=>, GB> =0 @01>B5 5ABL 1CD5B, 345 2:CA=> 8 =54>@>3> :>@<OB). -B> ?@>4>;605BAO 871 4=O 2 45=L 8 8<55B A>25@H5==> >?@545;5==CN F5;L: ?@54>B2@0B8BL ?@>AL1K 65=K > ?>:C?:5 59 =>2>3> ?0;LB>. !>7405BAO  :>=B5:AB , 2 :>B>@>< ?>4>1=0O ?@>AL10 ?@>72CG0;0 1K :0: =5C<5AB=0O 8 4065 =03;0O. A8E>;>38G5A:8 2K3>4=0 <0=8?C;OF8O ! - "/, >?8A0==0O @0=55. =0 ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 B8?8G=CN  >G8AB:C A>25AB8 70 AG5B :>7;0 >B?CI5=8O. A8E>;>38G5A:89 2K83@KH, ?><8<> >G8AB:8 A>25AB8, <>65B B0:65 70:;NG0BLAO 2 ?>;CG5=88  ?>3;06820=89 , =0 :>B>@K5 2K 2?@025 =5 >B25G0BL, 2 =0=5A5=88 157=0:070==KE  C:>;>2 8;8 2  ?@8AB@>9:5 A25@EC . @8<5@K. 0=8?C;OF8O . LO=8F0 >1@0I05BAO : 4>1@>65;0B5;L=><C 7=0:><><C A ?>:0O=8O<8 8 ?@>AL10<8 ?><>GL A>25B><. =0:><K9 8A:@5==5 A>GC2AB2C5B 5<C 8 >1AC6405B A =8< 53> ?@>1;5<K. >A;5 4;8B5;L=>9 15A54K 0;:>3>;8:, >4=0:>, ?>:07K205B, GB> >= >AB0;AO 157CB5H=K<. "0:8< >1@07><, >=, 2>-?5@2KE, >G8I05B A2>N A>25ABL, 2>-2B>@KE, ?>;CG05B  ?>3;06820=8O , :>B>@KE 5<C 402=> =5 40@8;8; 0 2-B@5BL8E, =5 ?>4B25@482 F5==>AB8 2KA;CH0==KE CB5H5=89, >AB02;O5B ?0@B=5@0 157 >B25B=KE ?>3;06820=89. =>340 4;O  ?@8AB@>9:8 A25@EC >= 5I5 8 ?@815305B 2 D8=0;5 : GC2AB28B5;L=><C  C:>;C :  'B> 2K, B@5725==8:, <>65B5 ?>=8<0BL 2 4CH5 ?LNI53>? (D0:B8G5A:8 MB> B@0=A0:F8O  : 04@5A0F8O  C<C4@5==>3> :  =082=><C @515=:C ), 0=8?C;OF8O    + +?  , ...  0 < 0. # <5=O C65 <5AOF =5 @01>B05B B5;5287>@.  4 8 = 8 7 3 > A B 5 9.  =5 <>3;8 1K 2K ?>?@>A8BL <C60 ?>G8=8BL 53>?  0 < 0. 0, => <>9 <C6 01A>;NB=> 15A?><>I5= 2 MB8E 45;0E.  @ C 3 > 9 3 > A B L. ">340 2K7>28B5 <0AB5@0.  0 < 0. 0, => <0AB5@ A:>@5 2A53> ?>B@51C5B, GB>1K B5;5287>@ >B257;8 2 <0AB5@A:CN. " @ 5 B 8 9 3 > A B L. >G5<C 1K 20< MB> =5 A45;0BL?  0 < 0. 0, => C <5=O =5B 2@5<5=8 G0A 28A5BL =0 B5;5D>=5, 70:07K20O B0:A8. ' 5 B 2 5 @ B K 9 3 > A B L. "0: ?>?@>A8B5 >1 MB>< <C60.  0 < 0 . 'B> 2K, MB> 15A?><>I=K9 G5;>25:... 5A540 ?5@5E>48B 2 =5;>2:>5 <>;G0=85. 0<0 B09=> B>@65AB2C5B: 3>AB8 2K40;8 59 F5;K9 1C:5B  ?>3;06820=89 , A>GC2AB2CO 8;8 E>BO 1K 87>1@060O A>GC2AB285. @8 MB>< >=0 =5 >1O70=0  >B40@820BL 8E ?>3;06820=8O >B25B=K<8. 0=8?C;OF8O ! +  + "/. C6 ?>AB>O==> B25@48B 65=5, GB>  5A;8 1K =5 1K;> B51O , >= 402=> 70:>=G8; 1K 48AA5@B0F8N.  >48= ?@5:@0A=K9 45=L 65=0 A>18@05BAO A 45BL<8 ?>68BL 425 =545;8 C A2>59 @>4=8. C6, >4=0:>, =5 2 2>AB>@35 >B MB>9 8458. = 2K=C645= ?@54?@8=OBL =>2CN <0=8?C;OF8N (=0?@8<5@, + ,), GB>1K 7045@60BL 65=C.  459AB28B5;L=>AB8 5<C 1K;> =5>1E>48<> >G8AB8BL A>25ABL, 0 70>4=> ?>445@60BL 2 65=5 GC2AB2> 28=K, >1;53G0NI55 5<C  ?@8AB@>9:C A25@EC . 0=8?C;OF8O ( # &. 5:B> ?@8CG05B A2>5 >:@C65=85 : <KA;8, GB> >= A?>A>15= 15A:>@KAB=> 4020BL <C4@K5 A>25BK. #<5;> ?>>I@OO ?0;><=8G5AB2> 6064CI8E A>25B0, >= 2545B B09=K9 AG5B A2>8< ?>1540<   ?@8AB@>9:0< A25@EC . 0=8?C;OB82=K9 E0@0:B5@ B0:8E 459AB289 >1=0@C68205BAO B5< >1AB>OB5;LAB2><, GB> A0<  <C4@5F =5 2K=>A8B =8GL8E A>25B>2. @8AB@>9:0  @O4>< 8;8  A=87C @0AA<0B@8205BAO 8< :0: ?@>83@KH. I5 >4=0 <0=8?C;OF8O. 5 45BA:89 20@80=B ?@54AB02;5= 2 @><0=5 '. 8::5=A0  >;LH85 >6840=8O . 52>G:0 2 G8AB>< =0:@0E<0;5==>< ?;0BL5 2KE>48B =0 :@K;LF> 8 ?@>A8B <0;LG8:0, 55 >1>60B5;O, A;5?8BL 59 ?8@>3 87 ?5A:0. 0;LG8: 1@>A05BAO 2K?>;=OBL MBC ?@>AL1C, ?>A;5 G53> 452>G:0 <>@I8BAO;  $C, :0:>9 BK 3@O7=K9, ?@>B82=K9  25AL 2 ?5A:5 . 0=8?C;OF8O <>65B A>>B25BAB25==> =>A8BL =0720=85 !'+  . 7@>A;K9 55 20@80=B G0AB> A2O70= A ?>;>2K< =530B8287<>< >4=>3> 87 AC?@C3>2. 5=I8=0 <>65B C?@5:0BL <C6G8=C 2 B><, GB> >=  682>B=>5 8 8A?KBK205B : =59 ;8HL 2;5G5=85, => =5 ;N1>2L. >4 MB8< ?@54;>3>< >=0 ?@>2>F8@C5B 4;8B5;L=>5 >E;0645=85 2 >B=>H5=8OE. A5 65, A?CABO =5:>B>@>5 2@5<O, >=0 ?@815305B : :>:5BAB2C, ;0A:0< 8 B. ?., 4020O <C6G8=5 ?>2>4 1KBL ?>=0AB>9G8255. 4=0:> 2 >B25B =0 53> 1>;55 @5H8B5;L=K5 ?@8BO70=8O, >=0 @07@0605BAO A;570<8:  'B> O 3>2>@8;0  BK ?@>AB> 682>B=>5! "0:8< >1@07><, 59 C405BAO, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 87153=CBL >B=>H5=89, :>B>@K5 59 =5?@8OB=K, A 4@C3>9  A>E@0=8BL 2848<>ABL 1@0:0, C45@60BL <C6G8=C  ?@8 A515 . @>AB0O <>45;L <0=8?C;OF88 <>65B 8<5BL A;54CNI89 284:   5 B @ > 2. !59G0A O ?@54>AB02;N 20< A;>2>. (>>1@060N, :0: 2K A =8<8 @0A?@028B5AL!) !:@KB0O B@0=A0:F8O 5B@>20 =5A5B 2 A515  ?>3;06820=85 .  2 0 = > 2. B;8G=>. (#6 O-B> 7040< 8< ?5@FC.)   5 B @ > 2. C, ABC?09B5 =0 B@81C=C. (">;L:> =5 <O<;8B5, @048 >30!) !:@KB0O B@0=A0:F8O 5B@>20  >184=K9  C:>; .  2 0 = > 2. 4C-84C. 0@80=B: ?.. (20=>2, =5 =094OAL GB> >B25B8BL, ?>A;CH=> 845B : B@81C=5.)  20@80=B5  4C-84C 20=>2 ?@8=8<05B 2K=C645==CN ?@8AB@>9:C A=87C; 2 20@80=B5  ? >= =5 8<55B 2>7<>6=>AB8 =0=5AB8 >B25B=K9  C:>; 8 =52>;L=> >:07K205BAO  2 ?0@B5@5 . !2845B5;8 MB>9 AF5=:8 A45@6820NB A<5E. 0=8?C;OB>@K  =5@54:> ;N48 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8 872@0I5==K5 (A048AB8G5A:85 =0:;>==>AB8). =8 >?0A=K 4;O ?0@B=5@0 8 2K=C640NB 53> 2 40;L=59H5< 1KBL =0AB>@>65, B. 5. >1@0I0BLAO D>@<0;L=>  2?;>BL 4> :>=B0:B0 <0A>:. @8G5< >4=> 87  =0A;0645=89 <0=8?C;OB>@0  2=>2L ;N1>9 F5=>9 872;5GL ?0@B=5@0  87-?>4 <0A:8 , GB>1K 70B5< >?OBL =0=5AB8 5<C C=878B5;L=K9  C:>; . A;8 :>=B0:B 2 F5;>< ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 A5@8N <0=8?C;OF89 8 =8G53> 1>;55, ?5@54 =0<8 =5A><=5==> H5AB>9 A;CG09 D>@<0;L=>3> >1I5=8O. 45AL >48= 87 ?0@B=5@>2 =0A8;LAB25==> >3@0=8G8205B 459AB28O 4@C3>3>. 5 A;54C5B, >4=0:>, 701K20BL, GB> : <0=8?C;OF8O< 8=>340 ?@81530NB 87 15AA>7=0B5;L=>3> ;C:02AB20 8;8 8=BC8B82=> ?@5A;54CO 2708<>2K3>4=K5 F5;8. "0:, %,  ,. 8=>340 ?@>2>F8@C5BAO ;N1OI59 65=I8=>9. A;54 70 <0=8?C;OF859 55 >1I5=85 A <C6G8=>9 AB0=>28BAO =0 =5:>B>@>5 2@5<O D>@<0;L=K<. > MB> =5?@82KG=> 4;O <C6G8=K 8 :@09=5 BO3>B8B 53>. 'C2AB2> 28=K, ?@82O70==>ABL : 65=I8=5 8;8 E>BO 1K A:C:0 ?>1C640NB 53> A45;0BL ?5@2K9 H03 : ?@8<8@5=8N, :>B>@>5 >:07K205BAO B5< 1>;55 ?K;:8<, G5< E>;>4=55 1K;0 D>@<0;L=0O ?>;>A0 2708<>>B=>H5=89. "0: ?>4G0A  >682;O5BAO ?>BCA:=52H55 AC?@C65AB2>. $>@<0;870F8O :>=B0:B>2 >1A;C68205B 2 MB>< ?@8<5@5 7040GC 1>;55 ?>;=>3> =5D>@<0;L=>3> (8=B8<=>3>) >1I5=8O. . . 1>7>2 !"   "/  725AB=> <=>65AB2> @07;8G=KE 8=B5@?@5B0F89 B>3> D0:B0, GB> 8=48284 8I5B >1I5AB2> A515 ?>4>1=KE . # G5;>25:0 ?>8A: :>=B0:B>2 A 4@C38<8 ;N4L<8 A2O70= A 2>7=8:0NI59 ?>B@51=>ABLN 2 >1I5=88.  >B;8G85 >B 682>B=KE ?>B@51=>ABL 2 >1I5=88, :>=B0:B5 O2;O5BAO 2?>;=5 A0<>AB>OB5;L=K< 2=CB@5==8< AB8<C;><, =57028A8<K< >B 4@C38E ?>B@51=>AB59 (2 ?8I5, 2 >45645 8 B. 4.). =0 2>7=8:05B C G5;>25:0 GCBL ;8 =5 A <><5=B0 @>645=8O 8 =081>;55 >BG5B;82> ?@>O2;O5BAO 2 ?>;B>@0-420 <5AOF0. '5;>25: A MB>3> <><5=B0 AB0=>28BAO >1J5:B>< 8 AC1J5:B>< A8<?0B89 8 0=B8?0B89. !>AB02;ONI8<8 :><?>=5=B0<8 2708<=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8 O2;ONBAO A8<?0B8O 8 ?@8BO65=85. !8<?0B8O  5ABL M<>F8>=0;L=0O ?>;>68B5;L=0O CAB0=>2:0 =0 >1J5:B. @8 2708<=>9 A8<?0B88 M<>F8>=0;L=K5 ?>;>68B5;L=K5 CAB0=>2:8 A>740NB F5;>AB=>5 2=CB@83@C??>2>5 (2=CB@8?0@=>5) A>AB>O=85 C4>2;5B2>@5=8O 2708<>459AB285< (=5?>A@54AB25==> 8;8 >?>A@54>20==>). @8BO65=85 :0: >4=> 87 A>AB02;ONI8E <56;8G=>AB=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8 2 >A=>2=>< A2O70=> A ?>B@51=>ABLN G5;>25:0 1KBL 2<5AB5, @O4>< A >?@545;5==K< 4@C38< G5;>25:><. @8BO65=85 G0I5, => =5 2A5340, A2O70=> A ?5@568205<>9 A8<?0B859 (M<>F8>=0;L=K9 :><?>=5=B 2708<>459AB28O). 565, => 2AB@5G0NBAO A;CG08, :>340 ?@8BO65=85 8A?KBK205BAO : ;8G=>AB8, =5 2K7K20NI59 2K@065==>9 A8<?0B88. -B>B D5=><5= ?@8BO65=8O G0AB> >1=0@C68205BAO ?@8 >4=>=0?@02;5==>< >B=>H5=88 : ?>?C;O@=>9 ;8G=>AB8. "0:8< >1@07><, A8<?0B8O 8 ?@8BO65=85 <>3CB ?@>O2;OBLAO 8=>340 =57028A8<> 4@C3 >B 4@C30.  B>< A;CG05, :>340 >=8 4>AB830NB <0:A8<0;L=>3> A2>53> 7=0G5=8O 8 A>2?040NB, A2O7K20O AC1J5:B>2 >1I5=8O, 2708<>459AB28O, =C6=> C65 3>2>@8BL > <56;8G=>AB=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8. 56;8G=>AB=0O ?@82;5:0B5;L=>ABL <>65B ?@8>1@5B0BL CAB>9G82K9 E0@0:B5@ A2O78 <564C AC1J5:B0<8, GB> ?>AB5?5==> ?5@5E>48B 2 8E 2708<=CN ?@82O70==>ABL (AC1J5:B82=CN 2708<>7028A8<>ABL). 56;8G=>AB=0O 2708<=0O ?@82O70==>ABL ?@54?>;0305B 2:;NG5=85 <>B820F8>==KE AB@C:BC@ ;8G=>AB8. >;55 B>3>, ?5@5E>4 <56;8G=>AB=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8 2 <56;8G=>AB=CN ?@82O70==>ABL ?@5>1@07C5B <>B82K 2708<>>B=>H5=89 <564C ;N4L<8.  KBL 2<5AB5 @50;L=> 8;8 <KA;5==> (2 ?@54AB02;5=8OE) <>65B AB0BL ?>B@51=>ABLN :>=:@5B=KE ;8F.  2 B>< A;CG05, :>340 3>B>2=>ABL AC1J5:B>2 : >?@545;5==><C B8?C 2708<>459AB28O AB0=>28BAO 4>AB0B>G=> CAB>9G82>9, <>6=> 3>2>@8BL >1 >?@545;5==>< B8?5 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89: ?@8OB5;LA:8E, B>20@8I5A:8E, 4@C65A:8E, AC?@C65A:8E. >B820F8>==0O AB@C:BC@0 B8?>2 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 <>65B 1KBL @07;8G=0. "0:, ?@8 2>7=8:=>25=88 ?@8OB5;LA:8E >B=>H5=89 <>B82>< 2:;NG5=8O 2 :>=B0:B O2;O5BAO ?>B@51=>ABL 2 >1I5=88 ?@8 ?@54AB0282H59AO 2>7<>6=>AB8 >ACI5AB28BL 53> A ?@82;5:0B5;L=K< G5;>25:><. >A:>;L:C ?@8OB5;LA:85 >B=>H5=8O >?@545;ONBAO <56;8G=>AB=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>ABLN (A8<?0B859, ?@8BO65=85<)  >=8 =8 : G5<C =5 >1O7K20NB. @8OB5;LA:85 >B=>H5=8O <>3CB 2>7=8:=CBL ?@8 :@0B:>2@5<5==>< :>=B0:B=>< >1I5=88 8 A>E@0=OBLAO 4>AB0B>G=> 4>;3>, =5 ?5@5E>4O 2 4@C65A:85 >B=>H5=8O. >7=8:=>25=85 8 ?>A;54CNI55 @0728B85 B>20@8I5A:8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 >?@545;ONBAO <>B820<8 A>B@C4=8G5AB20, D>@<8@C5<K<8 ?>4 2;8O=85< A>45@60=8O A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. ">20@8I5A:85 <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O D>@<8@CNBAO C65 2 3@C??5 (CG51=>9, ?@>872>4AB25==>9, A?>@B82=>9 8 B. 4.) B8?0 0AA>F80F88 8 :>>?5@0F88. >B820F8>==0O AB@C:BC@0 MB>3> B8?0 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 >?@545;O5BAO ;8G=>AB=> 7=0G8<K< 4;O :064>3> CG0AB=8:0 2708<>459AB28O A>45@60=85< A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 (2 B>< G8A;5 F5;LN, 7040G0<8 8 B. 4.). #A?5H=>ABL 8;8 =5CA?5H=>ABL A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 :0: A;54AB285 A@010BK205<>AB8 8 A>2<5AB8<>AB8 <>65B >A;01;OBL 8;8 CA8;820BL <>B820F8>==CN AB@C:BC@C 2708<>459AB28O 8, A>>B25BAB25==>, B>20@8I5A:8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89. 0:>=5F, B>20@8I5A:85 <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O <>3CB 4>AB830BL 2KAH53> C@>2=O A2>53> @0728B8O 2 :>;;5:B825, 2 :>B>@><  <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O >?>A@54CNBAO ;8G=>AB=> 7=0G8<K< 8 >1I5AB25==> F5==K< A>45@60=85< 3@C??>2>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 . @C65A:85 8 AC?@C65A:85 <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O 2>7=8:0NB B0: 65, :0: ?@8OB5;LA:85 >B=>H5=8O, => 2 ?>A;54CNI5< 8E @0728B85 E0@0:B5@87C5BAO ?5@5E>4>< >B <56;8G=>AB=>9 ?@82;5:0B5;L=>AB8 (A8<?0B89, ?@8BO65=8O) : 2708<=>9 ?@82O70==>AB8. >B820F8>==0O AB@C:BC@0 4@C65A:8E 8 AC?@C65A:8E >B=>H5=89 ?@5>1@07C5BAO 2 ?>B@51=>ABL  1KBL 2<5AB5 @50;L=> 8;8 <KA;5==> . AB5AB25==>, GB> C4>2;5B2>@5=85 MB>9 ?>B@51=>AB8 2 >1I5=88 (=5?>A@54AB25==><, :>=B0:B=>< 8;8 >?>A@54>20==>< @07;8G=K<8 A@54AB20<8 A2O78) A>?@>2>6405BAO ?>;>68B5;L=K<8 ?5@56820=8O<8, @82;5:0B5;L=>ABL 2 MB>< A;CG05 ?@8>1@5B05B 1>;55 A;>6=>5 <>B820F8>==>5 A>45@60=85, A>E@0=OO A2>8 >A>15==>AB8, E0@0:B5@=K5 8 4;O <5=55 2K@065==KE <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89, =0?@8<5@, ?@8OB5;LA:8E. 80?07>= A8BC0F89, 2 :>B>@KE ?0@B=5@K 2K18@0NB 4@C3 4@C30, E0@0:B5@87C5B AB5?5=L >1>1I5==>AB8, 8=B53@8@>20==>AB8 >B=>H5=89. >;LH0O 48DD5@5=F80F8O >B=>H5=89 A:07K205BAO =0 >A>15==>ABOE 2>A?@8OB8O< ?>=8<0=8O ?0@B=5@0<8 4@C3 4@C30, A2>53> ?>;>65=8O 2 A8AB5<5 >1I53@C??>2>3> M<>F8>=0;L=>3> D>=0 >B=>H5=89. . !;59B5@ AG8B05B, GB> <564C 45;>2K<8 8 8=B8<=>-M<>F8>=0;L=K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8 >1=0@C6820NBAO 7=0G8B5;L=K5 @07;8G8O. = ?@>2>48B 2 A2O78 A MB8< <KA;L > =5A>2<5AB8<>AB8 1;87:8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 8 45;>2>9 0:B82=>AB8. "0:>5 <=5=85 ?@02><5@=>, => B@51C5B =5:>B>@>3> CB>G=5=8O. >-?5@2KE, =5 <>65B 1KBL ?>;=>3> >157;8G820=8O >B=>H5=89, 2A5340 2 ;N1KE 2708<>459AB28OE ?@8ACBAB2C5B ;8G=>AB=K9 :><?>=5=B. >?@>A 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, 345 ?@8ACBAB285 ;8G=>AB=>3> :><?>=5=B0 >?@0240=> 1>;LH5, 345  <5=LH5. >-2B>@KE, =5>1E>48<> >?@545;8BL AB5?5=L 1;87>AB8 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89: >4=> 45;> ?@8OB5;LA:85 >B=>H5=8O, 4@C3>5  4@C65A:85 8 B@5BL5  AC?@C65A:85. -B> =081>;55 3@C10O 48DD5@5=F80F8O AB5?5=8 1;87>AB8 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89, 2=CB@8 :>B>@>9 ACI5AB2CNB A2>8 :>;8G5AB25==K5, 0 <>65B 1KBL, 8 :0G5AB25==K5 @07;8G8O. -B@5BL8E, 206=> 7=0BL A?5F8D8:C A>2<5AB=> @5H05<KE 7040G.  =55 <>3CB 1KBL 2:;NG5=K A;>6=>ABL 45OB5;L=>AB8, AB5?5=L 2708<=>9 7028A8<>AB8 G;5=>2 3@C??K, 2@5<O A>2<5AB=>9 @01>BK, AB5?5=L D>@<0;87>20==>AB8 >B=>H5=89, >?@545;O5<KE 8=AB@C:F8O<8, 8 B. 4. ">;L:> A CG5B>< 2A5E ?5@5G8A;5==KE D0:B>@>2 <>6=> 3>2>@8BL > AB5?5=8 A>2<5AB8<>AB8 1;87:8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 8 45;>2>9 0:B82=>AB8. '8A;> C:070==KE D0:B>@>2 <>65B 1KBL C25;8G5=>, 8 >=8 4>;6=K 1KBL  2725H5=K ?> AB5?5=8 7=0G8<>AB8 ?@8 @5H5=88 @07;8G=KE ?@0:B8G5A:8E 7040G. AA;54>20=8O . !. C7L<8=0, . . >;:>20, . . 8:5;L=8:>2>9 8 . $. $54>B>2>9 ?>4B25@640NB 7=0G8<>ABL @07;8G=KE D0:B>@>2 2 @53C;OF88 >D8F80;L=KE 8 =5>D8F80;L=KE >B=>H5=89.  CA;>28OE =5>D8F80;L=>3> >1I5=8O, A>2<5AB=>3> >B4KE0, =5B G5B:>9 8  65AB:>9 ?@>3@0<<K 2708<>459AB28O, GB> 87<5=O5B E0@0:B5@ @53C;OF88 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89. "0:>9 B8? 2708<>459AB28O 1>;55 8=B53@0;L=K9, B. 5. 8<55B H8@>:89 480?07>= 2K1>@0 D>@< <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89 (=0?@8<5@, A8<?0B89 0=B8?0B89). A>1>5 7=0G5=85 2 MB>< A;CG05 ?@8>1@5B0NB ;8G=K5 ?>B@51=>AB8, F5==>AB=K5 >@85=B0F88, 8=B5@5AK :064>3> 2 >B45;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0, :>B>@K5, 2ABC?0O, :>=5G=>, >?>A@54>20==>, 2> 2708<>459AB285, D>@<8@CNB >1I53@C??>2K5 ?>B@51=>AB8, 8=B5@5AK 8 =>@<K 2708<>>B=>H5=89. @C3>5 45;>  2708<>459AB28O, <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O 2 CA;>28OE >D8F80;L=>9 >@30=870F88.  MB8E CA;>28OE 2708<>459AB28O, A>2<5AB=0O 45OB5;L=>ABL, 55 7040G8, 8=AB@C:F88 >?@545;ONB =5 B>;L:> E0@0:B5@ @01>BK :064>3>, => 8 =>@<K, ?@028;0 2708<>459AB28O 2A5E G;5=>2 3@C??K 2 F5;><. 530B82=>ABL >B=>H5=89 (0=B8?0B88) 8A:;NG05BAO ?@8 >D8F80;L=>9 >@30=870F88, B0: :0: 0=B8?0B88 <>3CB ?@82>48BL : :>=D;8:B0< 8 <5H0BL A>2<5AB=><C B@C4C. >?@>A, A:>@55, 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, :0:>9 4>;6=0 1KBL 2K@065==>ABL A8<?0B89 2 3@C??5, GB>1K >D8F80;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O =5 ?5@5:;NG0;8AL =0 O@:> 2K@065==K5 ;8G=K5 (=5>D8F80;L=K5) >B=>H5=8O. @8 @0AA<>B@5=88 =5>D8F80;L=>9 >@30=870F88 3@C?? 70<5B=> 2>7459AB285 8=48284>2 =0 >1I53@C??>2K5 ?0@0<5B@K: 7040GC, ?;0= 8 =>@<K 2708<>>B=>H5=89. @C??0 2 MB>< A;CG05 A0<0 0:B82=> D>@<8@C5B <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O. BACBAB285 65AB:>9 ?@>3@0<<K 2708<>459AB28O 2 1>;LH59 AB5?5=8 @0A:@K205B ;8G=>AB=K5 >A>15==>AB8 8=48284>2, :>B>@K5 8 @53C;8@CNB E0@0:B5@ <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89. A>1K9 A<KA; B>340 ?@8>1@5B0NB 2708<=K5 <56;8G=>AB=K5 ?@8BO65=8O >BB0;:820=8O, A8<?0B88 0=B8?0B88, GB> O2;O5BAO CA;>285< >1@07>20=8O CAB>9G82KE 48048G5A:8E A2O759 8 @57C;LB0B>< A>2<5AB8<>AB8 42CE ;N459. 4=>2@5<5==> A MB8< <56;8G=>AB=K5 ?@8BO65=8O  >BB0;:820=8O A?>A>1AB2CNB 3@C??>2>9 A?;>G5==>AB8, GB> >A>15==> G5B:> >1=0@C68205BAO ?@8 =0;8G88 F5==>AB=>->@85=B0F8>==>3> 548=AB20 2 3@C??5, 0 B0:65 >4=>@>4=>AB8 3@C??K ?> 8=B5@5A0<, 2:CA0<, ?@82KG:0< 8 B. 4. N48, 8A?KBK20NI85 2708<=K5 A8<?0B88 8 ?@8BO65=85 ?> >B=>H5=8N 4@C3 : 4@C3C ?@8 2>2;5G5=88 2 A>2<5AB=K5 459AB28O, ?@8=8<0NB 2> 2=8<0=85 ?@54C15645=8O 8 A;01>AB8 4@C3 4@C30. '5< 1>;LH55 ?@8BO65=85 >=8 8A?KBK20NB, B5< 1>;55 A:;>==K : A=8AE>48-B5;L=>AB8, 0 A;54>20B5;L=>, : 1>;LH5<C A>3;0A8N 8 A>3;0A>20==>AB8 2 459AB28OE.  A2>N >G5@54L, ?@8BO65=8O, 2708<=K5 A8<?0B88 =5 <>3CB 2>7=8:=CBL 157 A>3;0A8O 8 >?@545;5==>3> AE>4AB20 <=5=89 8 >F5=>:. 1CA;>2;5==>5 ?@8BO65=85< =081>;55 2A5AB>@>==55 ;8G=>5 >B>645AB2;5=85 4@C3>3> A A>1>9 ?>72>;O5B ?@54C304K20BL 53> 459AB28O 4065 2 =>2KE A8BC0F8OE. =0G5 3>2>@O, 2708<=K5 A8<?0B88 8 0=B8?0B88 =5ACB =5 B>;L:> M<>F8>=0;L=CN =03@C7:C 2 2>7=8:0NI8E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=8OE, => 8 2K?>;=ONB @53C;OB82=CN DC=:F8N 2 2>A?@8OB88 8 ?>=8<0=88 ?0@B=5@0<8 4@C3 4@C30. 56;8G=>AB=>5 ?@8BO65=85 >BB0;:820=85, A8<?0B88 0=B8?0B88 <>6=> @0AA<0B@820BL :0: CA;>285 8 @57C;LB0B A>2<5AB8<>AB8 =5A>2<5AB8<>AB8 42CE ;8F 2 >?@545;5==KE CA;>28OE 2708<>459AB28O. A;54 70 . . !25=F8F:8< . . 5=4>2 ?8H5B ?> MB><C ?>2>4C, GB> G8A;> 2708<=KE 2K1>@>2 <>6=> 8A?>;L7>20BL :0: >48= 87 :@8B5@852 4;O >F5=:8 ?A8E>D878>;>38G5A:>9 8 A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 A>2<5AB8<>AB8 G;5=>2 3@C??K. @0:B8:0 ?>:07K205B, GB> G0AB> =5A@01>B0==>ABL 3@C??K, M:8?060, :><0=4K >1JOA=O5BAO >BACBAB285< 2708<=KE A8<?0B89 8 =0;8G85< 2708<=KE >B25@65=89 8, =0>1>@>B, 2708<=K5 ?@8BO65=8O (A8<?0B88) >1;53G0NB =5 B>;L:> A>2<5AB=>5 ?@>6820=85 8 >B4KE, => 8 CA?5H=>ABL 3@C??>2>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. 7CG5=85 <5E0=87<>2 <56;8G=>AB=>3> ?@8BO65=8O >BB0;:820=8O, A8<?0B89 0=B8?0B89 ?@54AB02;O5B, B0:8< >1@07><, =5 B>;L:> B5>@5B8G5A:89, => 8 ?@0:B8G5A:89 8=B5@5A.  >B;8G85 >B :>=:@5B=>9, ?@>872>4AB25==>9 A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, 2 :>B>@>9 2708<>459AB285 >?>A@54>20=> >1J5:B>< 8 8=AB@C:F8O<8, 2 =5>D8F80;L=KE A2O7OE =0 ?5@2K9 ?;0= 2KABC?05B 7=0G5=85 ;8G=>AB=KE >A>15==>AB59, :>B>@K5 8 @53C;8@CNB 8=B5@?5@A>=0;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O. @0240, =5>D8F80;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O ?>;=>ABLN =5 >A2>1>645=K >B 2;8O=8O B0:8E 2=5H=8E CA;>289, :0: 2@5<O 2708<>459AB28O, 87>;8@>20==>ABL 8 02B>=><=>ABL 3@C??K 8 4@. >7=8:=>25=85 >B=>H5=89 2 MB>< A;CG05 >?@545;O5BAO ?@>872>;L=K< 2K1>@><, E>BO >= 8 =5 2A5340 ?>;=>ABLN >A>7=05BAO ?0@B=5@0<8. @><5 B>3>, 2K1>@ 4>;65= 1KBL 2708<=K<, 8=0G5 =52>7<>6=0 @50;870F8O 8=48284C0;L=KE ?>B@51=>AB59 2> 2708<>459AB288. 5@28G=> 2>7=8:H55 <56;8G=>AB=>5 ?@8BO65=85 >?@545;O5B, 2 A;CG05 70:@5?;5=8O, 40;L=59H55 2708<>459AB285 42CE ;N459. >A:>;L:C 2708<=K5 2K1>@K 8 >B25@65=8O =5 7040NBAO 65AB:> 2=5H=8<8 CA;>28O<8 8 8=AB@C:F8O<8, 2>7=8:05B 2>?@>A > B><, GB> ?@8BO38205B >BB0;:8205B 42CE ;N459, 2K7K205B 2708<=K5 A8<?0B88 0=B8?0B88: ?>4>185, AE>4AB20 8;8 @07;8G8O, 4>?>;=5=8O.  =0AB>OI55 2@5<O ACI5AB2C5B 420 =0?@02;5=8O 2 8AA;54>20=88 <56;8G=>AB=>3> ?@8BO65=8O: >4=> CB25@6405B ?5@28G=CN 7=0G8<>ABL AE>4AB20 <564C ;N4L<8 8 ?>4>185 CAB0=>2>: 4;O >1@07>20=8O CAB>9G82KE A8<?0B89 (?@8BO65=89); 4@C3>5 AG8B05B, GB> 2708<=0O 4>?>;=O5<>ABL O2;O5BAO @5H0NI59 2 >?@545;5=88 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89. "5>@8O  10;0=A=KE <>45;59 CB25@6405B, GB> AE>4AB20 2 0BB8BN40E >B=>A8B5;L=> 206=KE >1J5:B>2 (2:;NG0O A0<8E A51O) CA8;8205B 2708<=>5 BO3>B5=85. -B0 B5>@8O ?@54?>;0305B 459AB285 B@5E >A=>2=KE :><?>=5=B>2, A>>B=>H5=85 :>B>@KE 8 @53C;8@C5B ?@8BO65=85 >BB0;:820=85(40==0O ;8G=>ABL , 4@C30O ;8G=>ABL  8 =5:>B>@K9 =5;8G=K9 >1J5:B X, =0?@8<5@ >1AC6405<K9 2>?@>A). !E5<0B8G5A:8 M;5<5=BK A8AB5<K >B=>H5=89 <>3CB 1KBL ?@54AB02;5=K A;54CNI8< >1@07>< (@8A. 2.1).  (±)0 8A. 2.1 0  ?>;>68B5;L=>5 (A?;>H=0O ;8=8O) 8;8 >B@8F0B5;L=>5 (?C=:B8@=0O ;8=8O) >B=>H5=85 <564C ?0@B=5@0<8  8 ; b 8 A  ?>;>68B5;L=>5 8;8 >B@8F0B5;L=>5 >B=>H5=85 : >1J5:BC %  8A. 2.2 !8AB5<0 <>65B AG8B0BLAO A10;0=A8@>20==>9, 5A;8 7=0: >B=>H5=89 G5@57 >?>A@54>20==K9 >1J5:B % A>2?0405B. @8BO65=85 (+0) 2>7=8:05B 2 A;CG05 A>3;0A8O 2 >B=>H5=8OE : >1J5:BC X, B. 5. :>340 (+b) 8 (+A) 8;8 (-b) 8 (-A). (-B> A10;0=A8@>20==0O A8AB5<0.) BB0;:820=85 (-) O2;O5BAO A;54AB285< @0AA>3;0A>20=8O 2 >B=>H5=8OE : >1J5:BC X, B. 5. :>340 (+b) 8 (-A) 8;8 (-b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b), 0BB8BN4 40==>9 ;8G=>AB8 (A) (>B=>H5=85 : >1J5:BC X), 2>A?@8OB85 4@C3>3> ( -0)  (d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ibot , «@50;L=0O ;8G=>ABL - MB> >@30=87< 8 53> 2KAH89 ?@54AB028B5;L  <>73, 70:;NG0NI89 2 A515 >AB0B:8 2A53>, G5< <K 1K;8, 8 7040B:8 2A53>, G5< <K 1C45<.  =5< =0G5@B0= 8=48284C0;L=K9 E0@0:B5@ A> 2A5<8 A2>8<8 45OB5;L=K<8 8 ?0AA82=K<8 A?>A>1=>ABO<8 8 0=B8?0B8O<8, A2>8< 35=85<, B0;0=B>< 8 3;C?>ABLN, 4>1@>45B5;O<8 8 ?>@>:0<8, =5?>4286=>ABLN 8 45OB5;L=>ABLN». K =5 ?>3@5H8< ?@>B82 8AB8=K, 5A;8 A:065< :>@>G5: ;8G=>ABL A >1J5:B82=>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O 5ABL ?A8E8G5A:89 8=48284, ?@54AB02;ONI89AO A0<>45OB5;L=K< ACI5AB2>< ?> >B=>H5=8N : >:@C60NI8< 2=5H=8< CA;>28O<. >;6=> 8<5BL 2 284C, GB> =8 >@838=0;L=>ABL C<0, =8 B2>@G5A:85 A?>A>1=>AB8, =8 B>, GB> 8725AB=> ?>4 =0720=85< 2>;8, 2 >B45;L=>AB8 =8GB> =5 A>AB02;O5B ;8G=>AB8, => >1I0O A>2>:C?=>ABL ?A8E8G5A:8E O2;5=89 A> 2A5<8 8E >A>15==>ABO<8, 2K45;ONI0O 40==>5 ;8F> >B 4@C38E 8 >1CA;>2;820NI0O 55 A0<>45OB5;L=>ABL, E0@0:B5@87C5B ;8G=>ABL A >1J5:B82=>9 55 AB>@>=K. #<AB25==K9 :@C3>7>@ ?@54AB02;O5BAO =5>48=0:>2K< <564C ;8F0<8 @07;8G=> >1@07>20==K<8, => =8 >48= 87 =8E =5 B5@O5B ?@020 =0 ?@87=0=85 2 =5< ;8G=>AB8, 5A;8 B>;L:> >= ?@>O2;O5B 2 B>9 8;8 4@C3>9 <5@5 A2>5 8=48284C0;L=>5 >B=>H5=85 : >:@C60NI8< CA;>28O<, ?@54AB02;OOAL A0<>45OB5;L=K< ACI5AB2><. ">;L:> CB@0B0 MB>9 A0<>45OB5;L=>AB8 45;05B G5;>25:0 2?>;=5 157;8G=K<; ?@8 A;01>< 65 ?@>O2;5=88 A0<>45OB5;L=>AB8 <K <>65< 3>2>@8BL > A;01> @0728B>9 8;8 ?0AA82=>9 ;8G=>AB8. B0:, ;8G=>ABL A >1J5:B82=>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O 5ABL =5 GB> 8=>5, :0: A0<>45OB5;L=0O >A>1L A> A2>8< ?A8E8G5A:8< C:;04>< 8 A 8=48284C0;L=K< >B=>H5=85< : >:@C60NI5<C <8@C. !.. C18=HB59=  '!" % A5 ?A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK, A 87CG5=8O :>B>@KE =0G0;AO =0H 0=0;87 ?A8E8G5A:>3> A>45@60=8O 45OB5;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0, ?@>B5:0NB 2 ;8G=>AB8, 8 :064K9 87 =8E 2 A2>5< @50;L=>< ?@>B5:0=88 7028A8B >B =55. 028A8<>ABL ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 >B ;8G=>AB8 :0: 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 2K@0605BAO, 2>-?5@2KE, 2 8=48284C0;L=>-48DD5@5=F80;L=KE @07;8G8OE. N48 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B >1I53> A:;040 8E 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 @07;8G0NBAO ?> B8?0< 2>A?@8OB8O 8 =01;N45=8O, ?0<OB8, 2=8<0=8O (2 A<KA;5 ?5@5:;NG05<>AB8) 8 B.4. =48284C0;L=K5 @07;8G8O ?@>O2;ONBAO 2 A0<>< A>45@60=88 2>A?@8=8<05<>3>, 70?><8=05<>3> 8 B.4., GB> >A>15==> O@:> 2KABC?05B 2 8718@0B5;L=>< E0@0:B5@5 70?><8=0=8O 8 701K20=8O. 028A8<>ABL ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 >B ;8G=>AB8 2K@0605BAO, 2>-2B>@KE, 2 B><, GB> >=8, :0: ?>:070; =0H 0=0;87, =5 8<5O A0<>AB>OB5;L=>9 ;8=88, 7028AOB >B >1I53> @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8. @8 87CG5=88 M<>F89 1K;> CAB0=>2;5=>, GB> GC2AB20 G5;>25:0 2 >48= ?5@8>4 8;8 M?>EC 53> 687=8 =5 O2;ONBAO 2A5340 =5?@5@K2=K< ?@>4>;65=85<, 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 >A;>6=5==K<, 53> GC2AB2 2 ?@54H5AB2CNI89 ?5@8>4. >340 >?@545;5==0O ?>;>A0 8;8 M?>E0 =0H59 687=8 1572>72@0B=> >BE>48B 2 ?@>H;>5 8 =0 A<5=C 59 ?@8E>48B =>20O, B> 2<5AB5 A MB8< A<5=O5BAO 25AL AB@>9 M<>F8>=0;L=>9 687=8. !2O7L GC2AB2 A =0AB>OI8<8 CAB0=>2:0<8 ;8G=>AB8 ACI5AB25==55, G5< A2O7L 8E A ?@>H;K<8 GC2AB20<8. >A:>;L:C <564C =>2K<8 8 AB0@K<8 GC2AB20<8 A>E@0=O5BAO ?@55<AB25==>ABL, >=0 >?>A@54>20=0 8 >1CA;>2;5=0 A2O7LN A @072820NI59AO ;8G=>ABLN. "> 65 2 =5 <5=LH59 AB5?5=8 ?@8<5=8<> : >@30=870F88 2>;52>9 687=8 8 : ;N1>9 0=0;8B8G5A:8 2K45;5==>9 AB>@>=5 ?A8E8:8. ">B D0:B, GB> ?A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK G5;>25:0 ACBL ?@>O2;5=8O ;8G=>AB8, 2K@0605BAO, 2-B@5BL8E, 2 B><, GB> C G5;>25:0 >=8 =5 >AB0NBAO B>;L:> ?@>F5AA0<8, A>25@H0NI8<8AO A0<>B5:><, 0 ?@52@0I0NBAO 2 A>7=0B5;L=> @53C;8@C5<K5 459AB28O 8;8 >?5@0F88, :>B>@K<8 ;8G=>ABL :0: 1K >2;045205B 8 :>B>@K5 >=0 =0?@02;O5B =0 @07@5H5=85 2AB0NI8E ?5@54 =59 2 687=8 7040G. "0:, ?@>F5AA 2>A?@8OB8O ?@52@0I05BAO C G5;>25:0 2 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 A>7=0B5;L=> @53C;8@C5<K9 8< ?@>F5AA =01;N45=8O, 8 2 MB>< 8<5==> ?@>O2;O5BAO ACI5AB25==0O >A>15==>ABL ?>4;8==> G5;>25G5A:>3> 2>A?@8OB8O. ">G=> B0: 65 2 G5;>25G5A:>9 ?0<OB8 =5?@>872>;L=>5 70?5G0B;5=85 A<5=O5BAO A>7=0B5;L=K< 70?><8=0=85< 8 ?@52@0I05BAO 2 >@30=87>20==CN 45OB5;L=>ABL 70CG820=8O, B0: 65 :0: =5?@>872>;L=>5 2A?;K20=85 2>A?><8=0=89 A<5=O5BAO =0<5@5==K< ?@8?><8=0=85<. KH;5=85 ?> A0<><C ACI5AB2C 2A5340 O2;O5BAO A>2>:C?=>ABLN >?5@0F89, A>7=0B5;L=> =0?@02;O5<KE =0 @07@5H5=85 7040G. =8<0=85, 2 A2>59 A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:>9 D>@<5, >:07K205BAO ?@>872>;L=K<, B.5. A>7=0B5;L=> @53C;8@C5<K< 2=8<0=85<. =>, 2 ACI=>AB8, 5ABL ;8HL ?@>O2;5=85 2>;8, :>B>@0O 2K@0605BAO 2 B><, GB> 2AO 45OB5;L=>ABL G5;>25:0 ?@52@0I05BAO 2 459AB28O, A>7=0B5;L=> @53C;8@C5<K5 ;8G=>ABLN. "0:8< >1@07><, 2AO ?A8E>;>38O G5;>25:0 2 B>9 B@0:B>2:5, :>B>@0O 1K;0 59 745AL 40=0, O2;O5BAO ?A8E>;>3859 ;8G=>AB8. 8G=>ABL =5 2KABC?05B ;8HL :0: 7025@H5=85 :C@A0 ?A8E>;>388. =0 ?@>E>48B G5@57 2A5 ?>AB@>5=85, >B =0G0;0 4> :>=F0. =0 >1@07C5B >A=>2C, 87=CB@8 >?@545;ONICN B@0:B>2:C ?A8E8:8 G5;>25:0 2 F5;><. A5 ?A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK A>AB02;ONB ?A8E8G5A:>5 A>45@60=85 687=8 ;8G=>AB8. 064K9 284 ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 2=>A8B A2>9 2:;04 2 1>30BAB2> 55 2=CB@5==59 687=8. !B>8B >1@0B8BL 2=8<0=85 =0 B>, :0:>5 >3@><=>5 <5AB> 2 687=8 <C7K:0;L=>3> G5;>25:0 <>65B 70=OBL <C7K:0 8 2 :0:>9 <5@5 <C7K:0;L=K5 2?5G0B;5=8O <>3CB 70?>;=8BL 8 >1>30B8BL 53> 687=L, GB>1K ?>=OBL, :0:>5 1>;LH>5 ?>B5=F80;L=>5 1>30BAB2> 4;O 4CE>2=>9 687=8 ;8G=>AB8 70:;NG5=> 2 55 GC2AB28B5;L=>AB8. >AB0B>G=> ?@8A<>B@5BLAO : 687=8 ;N1>3> A;5?>3> G5;>25:0, GB>1K C1548BLAO 2 B><, :0: 2K?045=85 E>BO 1K >4=>9 AD5@K >ICI5=89 >B@0605BAO =0 2A59 687=8 8 ?A8E8G5A:>< >1;8:5 ;8G=>AB8, 2?;>BL 4> 55 E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:8E G5@B (>1CA;>2;820O =0AB>@>65==>ABL, ?5@5E>4OICN B> 2 A>1@0==>ABL, B> 2 <=8B5;L=>ABL, 8 B.?.). -B> >B=>A8BAO, :>=5G=>, =5 B>;L:> : GC2AB28B5;L=>AB8, => =8:0: =5 2 <5=LH59 <5@5 8 :> 2A5< 4@C38< ?A8E8G5A:8< O2;5=8O<. 0?@8<5@, ?0<OBL A>E@0=O5B 8 2>A?@>872>48B =0H5 ?@>H;>5 2 2>A?><8=0=8OE, G0AB> 5I5 A>3@5BKE B5?;>B>9 ;8G=>3> ?5@56820=8O; >B@060O 2 A>7=0=88 =0H 687=5==K9 ?CBL 2 ?@55<AB25==>9 A2O78 <564C =0H8< «A53>4=O» 8 =0H8< «2G5@0», >=0 ACI5AB25==> >1CA;>2;8205B A0<> 548=AB2> A>7=0=8O. > >B ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 =04> 2A5 65 >B;8G0BL ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8, B5 G5@BK, :>B>@K5, >?@545;OO =0?@02;5==>ABL ;8G=>AB8, 55 A?>A>1=>AB8 8 E0@0:B5@, A>AB02;ONB >A=>20=85 A0<>9 ;8G=>AB8 8 >?@545;ONB 55 ?A8E>;>38G5A:89 >1;8:. A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK 8 ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8 D0:B8G5A:8 =5>B@K2=K 4@C3 >B 4@C30. ! >4=>9 AB>@>=K, 2A5 ?A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK 2 8E :>=:@5B=>< ?@>B5:0=88 7028AOB >B A2>9AB2 8 >A>15==>AB59 ;8G=>AB8, =0G8=0O A >ICI5=89 8 2>A?@8OB89, :>B>@K5 2 ?>;=>B5 A2>53> A>45@60=8O 8 @50;L=>3> ?@>B5:0=8O 7028AOB 2>2A5 =5 B>;L:> >B 45OB5;L=>AB8 1C4B> 1K 87>;8@>20==>3> @5F5?B>@0, 0 >B A2>9AB2 A0<>9 ;8G=>AB8, >B 55 2>A?@88<G82>AB8 8 2?5G0B;8B5;L=>AB8 8 B.4.; A 4@C3>9  :064K9 284 ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2, 2K?>;=OO A2>N @>;L 2 687=8 ;8G=>AB8, 2 E>45 45OB5;L=>AB8 ?5@5E>48B 2 55 A2>9AB20. >MB><C ?@8 87CG5=88 ;N1>9 :0B53>@88 ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2  ?>7=020B5;L=KE, M<>F8>=0;L=KE, 2>;52KE  <K >B 87CG5=8O >1I8E 70:>=><5@=>AB59 ?5@5E>48;8 : B5< 8=48284C0;L=>-B8?>;>38G5A:8< >A>15==>ABO<, :>B>@K5 2KABC?0NB 2 40==>9 AD5@5. =48284C0;L=>-B8?>;>38G5A:85 >A>15==>AB8 2 2>A?@8OB88, ?0<OB8, <KH;5=88, 2>>1@065=88, 2=8<0=88, =5 3>2>@O C65 >1 8=48284C0;L=>-B8?>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>ABOE 2 M<>F8>=0;L=>9 8 2>;52>9 AD5@5, - MB> C65 ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 8 >A>15==>AB8 ;8G=>AB8 2 >1;0AB8 2>A?@8OB8O, <KH;5=8O 8 B.4., :0:-B>: 2>A?@88<G82>ABL 8 2?5G0B;8B5;L=>ABL, =01;N40B5;L=>ABL, 24C<G82>ABL. 0AAC48B5;L=>ABL, M<>F8>=0;L=0O 2>71C48<>ABL 8 CAB>9G82>ABL, 8=8F80B82=>ABL, @5H8B5;L=>ABL, =0AB>9G82>ABL 8 B.?. "5< A0<K< C65 2=CB@8 0=0;8B8G5A:>3> 87CG5=8O ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 =0<5B8;AO A>25@H0NI89AO A 2=CB@5==59 =5>1E>48<>ABLN ?5@5E>4 : 87CG5=8N ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB2 ;8G=>AB8. "5?5@L >=8 4>;6=K AB0BL ?@54<5B>< A?5F80;L=>3> 87CG5=8O. A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20  =5 87=0G0;L=0O 40==>ABL; >=8 D>@<8@CNBAO 8 @072820NBAO 2 ?@>F5AA5 45OB5;L=>AB8 ;8G=>AB8. >4>1=> B><C :0: >@30=87< =5 @0728205BAO A=0G0;0, 0 70B5< DC=:F8>=8@C5B, 0 @0728205BAO, DC=:F8>=8@CO, B0: 8 ;8G=>ABL =5 D>@<8@C5BAO A=0G0;0, 0 70B5< =0G8=05B 459AB2>20BL: >=0 D>@<8@C5BAO, 459AB2CO, 2 E>45 A2>59 45OB5;L=>AB8.  45OB5;L=>AB8 ;8G=>ABL 8 D>@<8@C5BAO, 8 ?@>O2;O5BAO. C4CG8 2 :0G5AB25 AC1J5:B0 45OB5;L=>AB8 55 ?@54?>AK;:>9, >=0 O2;O5BAO 2<5AB5 A B5< 8 55 @57C;LB0B><. CBL >B 0=0;8B8G5A:>3> 87CG5=8O ?A8E8G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 : 87CG5=8N ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB2 ;8G=>AB8 ?@>E>48B ?>MB><C G5@57 87CG5=85 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 AB>@>=K 55 45OB5;L=>AB8. 48=AB2> 45OB5;L=>AB8, >1J548=ONI59 <=>3>>1@07=K5 459AB28O 8 ?>ABC?:8, - 2 548=AB25 55 8AE>4=KE <>B82>2 8 :>=5G=KE F5;59, :>B>@K5 O2;ONBAO <>B820<8 8 F5;O<8 ;8G=>AB8. >MB><C 87CG5=85 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 AB>@>=K 45OB5;L=>AB8 O2;O5BAO =5 G5< 8=K<, :0: 87CG5=85< ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8 2 ?@>F5AA5 55 45OB5;L=>AB8.  B@C45, CG5=88, 83@5 D>@<8@CNBAO 8 ?@>O2;ONBAO 2A5 AB>@>=K ?A8E8:8. > =5 2A5 ?A8E8G5A:>5 A>45@60=85 459AB28O 8;8 ?>ABC?:0 G5;>25:0, =5 2AO:>5 ?A8E8G5A:>5 A>AB>O=85 2 @02=>9 <5@5 <>65B 1KBL >B=5A5=> : A:>;L:>-=81C4L CAB>9G82K< A2>9AB20< ;8G=>AB8, :>B>@K5 E0@0:B5@87>20; 1K :0:CN-=81C4L AB>@>=C 55 ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0. 5:>B>@K5 0:BK 2 A2>5< ?A8E8G5A:>< A>45@60=88 E0@0:B5@87CNB A:>@55 >1AB>OB5;LAB20 :0:>9-=81C4L ?@5E>4OI59 A8BC0F88, =5 2A5340 ACI5AB25==>9 8 ?>:070B5;L=>9 4;O ;8G=>AB8. >MB><C >A>1> 2AB05B 2>?@>A > B><, :0: D>@<8@CNBAO 8 70:@5?;ONBAO >B=>A8B5;L=> CAB>9G82K5 ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8. A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8  55 A?>A>1=>AB8 8 E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:85 G5@BK  D>@<8@CNBAO 2E>45 687=8. @>645==K5 >A>15==>AB8 >@30=87<0 O2;ONBAO ;8HL 7040B:0<8  25AL<0 <=>3>7=0G=K<8. >B>@K5 >1CA;>2;820NB, => =5 ?@54>?@545;ONB ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 G5;>25:0. 0 >A=>25 >4=8E 8 B5E 65 7040B:>2 C G5;>25:0 <>3CB 2K@01>B0BLAO @07;8G=K5 A2>9AB20  A?>A>1=>AB8 8 G5@BK E0@0:B5@0 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B E>40 53> 687=8 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 =5 B>;L:> ?@>O2;ONBAO, => 8 D>@<8@CNBAO.  @01>B5, CG5=88 8 B@C45 A:;04K20NBAO 8 >B@010BK20NBAO A?>A>1=>AB8 ;N459; 2 687=5==KE 45O=8OE 8 ?>ABC?:0E D>@<8@C5BAO 8 70:0;O5BAO E0@0:B5@. -B>B >1@07 459AB289 2 548=AB25 8 2708<>?@>=8:=>25=88 A >1J5:B82=K<8 CA;>28O<8 ACI5AB2>20=8O, 2KABC?0NI8<8 :0: >1@07 687=8, ACI5AB25==> >1CA;>2;8205B >1@07 <KA;59 8 ?>1C645=89, 25AL AB@>9, A:;04, 8;8 ?A8E8G5A:89 >1;8:, ;8G=>AB8. 7CG5=85 ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0 ;8G=>AB8 2:;NG05B B@8 >A=>2=KE 2>?@>A0. 5@2K9 2>?@>A, =0 :>B>@K9 <K AB@5<8<AO ?>;CG8BL >B25B, :>340 E>B8< C7=0BL, GB> ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 B>B 8;8 8=>9 G5;>25:, 3;0A8B: G53> >= E>G5B. 'B> 4;O =53> ?@82;5:0B5;L=>, : G5<C >= AB@5<8BAO? -B> 2>?@>A > =0?@02;5==>AB8, CAB0=>2:0E 8 B5=45=F8OE, ?>B@51=>ABOE, 8=B5@5A0E 8 8450;0E. > 2A;54 5AB5AB25==> 2AB05B 2B>@>9: 0 GB> >= <>65B? -B> 2>?@>A > A?>A>1=>ABOE, 40@>20=8OE G5;>25:0. 4=0:> A?>A>1=>AB8  MB> A?5@20 B>;L:> 2>7<>6=>AB8; 4;O B>3> GB>1K 7=0BL, :0: @50;87C5B 8 8A?>;L7C5B 8E G5;>25:, =0< =C6=> 7=0BL, GB> >= 5ABL, GB> 87 53> B5=45=F89 8 CAB0=>2>: 2>H;> C =53> 2 ?;>BL 8 :@>2L 8 70:@5?8;>AL 2 :0G5AB25 AB5@6=52KE >A>15==>AB59 ;8G=>AB8. -B> 2>?@>A > E0@0:B5@5 G5;>25:0. %0@0:B5@ 2 A2>5< A>45@60B5;L=>< 0A?5:B5 B5A=59H8< >1@07>< A2O70= A 2>?@>A>< > B><, GB> 4;O G5;>25:0 7=0G8<> 2 <8@5 8 2 G5< ?>MB><C 4;O =53> A<KA; 687=8 8 45OB5;L=>AB8. <5==> B>, GB> >A>15==> 7=0G8<> 4;O G5;>25:0, 2KABC?05B 2 :>=5G=>< AG5B5 2 :0G5AB25 <>B82>2 8 F5;59 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8 8 >?@545;O5B ?>4;8==K9 AB5@65=L ;8G=>AB8. -B8 @07;8G=K5 0A?5:BK, 8;8 AB>@>=K, ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0 ;8G=>AB8, :>=5G=>, =5 2=5?>;>6=K. =8 2708<>A2O70=K 8 2708<>>1CA;>2;5=K.  :>=:@5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0 2A5 >=8 A?;5B5=K 2 >4=>< C7;5. 0?@02;5==>ABL ;8G=>AB8, 55 CAB0=>2:8, @07 70 @07>< ?>@>640O 2 >4=>@>4=KE A8BC0F8OE >?@545;5==K5 ?>ABC?:8, ?5@5E>4OB 70B5< 2 E0@0:B5@ 8 70:@5?;ONBAO 2 =5< 2 2845 A2>9AB2 ;8G=>AB8. 0;8G85 8=B5@5A0 : >?@545;5==>9 >1;0AB8 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 AB8<C;8@C5B @0728B85 A?>A>1=>AB59 2 A>>B25BAB2CNI5< =0?@02;5=88.  =0;8G85 >?@545;5==KE A?>A>1=>AB59, >1CA;>2;820O ?;>4>B2>@=CN @01>BC, AB8<C;8@C5B 8=B5@5A : =59. "0: 65 B5A=0 8 =5@07@K2=0 2708<>A2O7L A?>A>1=>AB59 8 A2>9AB2 E0@0:B5@0. 0?@8<5@, =0;8G85 1>;LH8E A?>A>1=>AB59, >1CA;>2;820O A>7=0=85 A2>8E A8;, A2>59 <>I8, =5 <>65B =5 >B@078BLAO =0 E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:8E A2>9AB20E G5;>25:0, ?>@>640O 2 >4=8E A;CG0OE C25@5==>ABL 2 A515, B25@4>ABL, @5H8B5;L=>ABL, 2 4@C38E  A0<><=5=85 8;8 15A?5G=>ABL, =5?@82KG:C : C?>@=><C B@C4C. ">G=> B0: 65 <0;K5 A?>A>1=>AB8 <>3CB >1CA;>28BL 2 >4=8E A;CG0OE @>1>ABL, =5C25@5==>ABL 2 A515, 2 4@C38E  C?>@AB2>, B@C4>;N185, ?@82KG:C : CA84G82><C B@C4C, B.5. >G5=L ACI5AB25==K5 E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:85 A2>9AB20. %0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:85 65 A2>9AB20, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, >1CA;>2;820NB @0728B85 A?>A>1=>AB59, ?>A:>;L:C A?>A>1=>AB8 @072820NBAO, @50;87COAL, 0 @50;870F8O 8E 7028A8B >B E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:8E 40==KE  F5;5CAB@5<;5==>AB8, =0AB>9G82>AB8, C?>@AB20 2 4>AB865=88 F5;8 8 B.?.  >B@K25 >B A>>B25BAB2CNI8E E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:8E A2>9AB2 A?>A>1=>AB8  MB> ;8HL >G5=L 01AB@0:B=K5 8 <0;>@50;L=K5 2>7<>6=>AB8. 50;L=0O A?>A>1=>ABL  MB> A?>A>1=>ABL 2 459AB288, =5C:;>==>< 8 F5;5CAB@5<;5==><; >=0 ?>MB><C =5 B>;L:> A?>A>1=>ABL, => 8 4>1;5ABL. "0: 2 @50;L=>9 687=8 ;8G=>AB8 2A5 AB>@>=K 55 ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0, ?5@5E>4O 4@C3 2 4@C30, >1@07CNB =5@07@K2=>5 548=AB2>. -B> 548=AB2> >1I53> ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0 G5;>25:0 =>A8B 2A5340 1>;55 8;8 <5=55 O@:> 2K@065==K9 8=48284C0;L=K9 E0@0:B5@. >=8<0=85 8 CG5B MB8E 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>AB59 8<55B >3@><=>5 7=0G5=85 2 ?@0:B8G5A:>9 687=8; 157 =8E =52>7<>6=0 ?@028;L=0O @0AAB0=>2:0 ;N459 8 @0F8>=0;L=>5 8E 8A?>;L7>20=85. 8HL ?@8 7=0=88 8 CG5B5 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>AB59 :064>3> G5;>25:0 <>6=> >15A?5G8BL 2A5< ;N4O< =081>;55 ?>;=>5 @0728B85 8 ?@8<5=5=85 8E B2>@G5A:8E 2>7<>6=>AB59 8 A8;. 5 <5=55 =5>1E>48<> 7=0=85 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>AB59 2 ?@>F5AA5 2>A?8B0=8O 8 >1CG5=8O. =48284C0;878@>20==K9 ?>4E>4 : :064><C @515=:C.  :064><C CG0I5<CAO O2;O5BAO >4=8< 87 >A=>2=KE B@51>20=89 ?@028;L=> ?>AB02;5==>3> ?@>F5AA0 2>A?8B0=8O 8 >1CG5=8O.  A8;C 1>;LH>3> ?@0:B8G5A:>3> 7=0G5=8O, :>B>@>5 8<55B 2>?@>A >1 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>ABOE ;N459, : =5<C 87402=0 ?@82;5:0;>AL >A>1>5 2=8<0=85, 8 =5@54:> 2AO ?@>1;5<0 ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8, =5?@02><5@=> AC60OAL, A2>48;0AL B>;L:> : MB><C 2>?@>AC >1 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>ABOE. 564C B5< 2 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 2>?@>A >1 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>ABOE 8 <568=48284C0;L=KE @07;8G8OE  MB> ;8HL >48=  48DD5@5=F80;L=K9  0A?5:B 2 >1I59 ?@>1;5<5 ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8. >4;8==>5 ?>=8<0=85 @07;8G89 2 ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB20E @07=KE ;N459 ?@54?>;0305B 7=0=85 A0<8E MB8E A2>9AB2, 8E <5AB0 8 7=0G5=8O 2 AB@>5=88 ;8G=>AB8. !?5F80;L=> 2 48DD5@5=F80;L=>< ?;0=5 2>?@>A =5 8AG5@?K205BAO B>;L:> <568=48284C0;L=K<8 @07;8G8O<8; =5>1E>48<> CG8BK20BL 8 2=CB@88=48284C0;L=K5 @07;8G8O. N1>9 ;8B5@0BC@=K9 :@8B8: 7=05B, GB> 2AB@5G0NI85AO 8=>340 C ?;>E8E EC4>6=8:>2 >1@07K 7;>4552, :>B>@K5 O2;ONBAO «G8ABK<», B.5. 01AB@0:B=K< 2>?;>I5=85< 7;>459AB20 157 548=>3> A25B;>3> ?@>1;5A:0, 8;8 0=35;>2, :>B>@K5 O2;ONBAO «G8ABK<», B.5. 01AB@0:B=K< 2>?;>I5=85< 4>1@>45B5;8 157 548=>3> ?OB=KH:0, 687=5==> =5 ?@02482K.  =0CG=>9, H:>;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 MB> ?>;>65=85 4> A8E ?>@ ?>GB8 =5 ?>;CG8;> ?@87=0=8O. -B8< 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 <5@5 >1CA;>2;5=0 01AB@0:B=>ABL, =5687=5==>ABL 3>A?>4AB2CNI59 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 =0C:8, 0 B0:65 @O4 ACI5AB25==KE B5>@5B8G5A:8E 55 >H81>: (2 G0AB=>AB8, 2 B@0:B>2:5 8 >?@545;5=88 >40@5==>AB8 45B59 ?>A@54AB2>< >4=>:@0B=KE :@0B:>2@5<5==KE B5AB>2KE 8A?KB0=89). 064K9 G5;>25: =5 B>;L:> >B;8G5= >B 4@C38E, => >= A0< 2 @07;8G=K5 <><5=BK 6825B 8 459AB2C5B =0 @07;8G=KE C@>2=OE 8 4>AB8305B @07;8G=KE 2KA>B.  G5< 1>;LH5 2>7<>6=>AB8 G5;>25:0 8 C@>25=L 53> @0728B8O, B5< 1>;55 7=0G8B5;L=>9 1K205B 0<?;8BC40 B0:8E :>;510=89. !0<K9 2K40NI89AO <C7K:0=B, 0:B5@, ;5:B>@ 8=>340 >:07K205B «=5 =0 2KA>B5», B.5. =5 4>AB8305B C@>2=O 2>>1I5 4>ABC?=KE 5<C 4>AB865=89, 0 2 4@C3>9 @07 <K 3>2>@8<, GB> >= ?@527>H5; A0<>3> A51O, B.5. 2 >A>15==> 1;03>?@8OB=K9 <><5=B =0?@O65=8O 8 ?>4J5<0 B2>@G5A:8E A8; ?>4=O;AO =0 2KA>BC, :>B>@>9 >= >1KG=> =5 4>AB8305B. 064K9 G5;>25: B08B 2 A515 8 8=>340 >1=0@C68205B 7=0G8B5;L=K5 20@80F88 2 A<KA;5 C@>2=O, 2KA>BK DC=:F8>=8@>20=8O. (& ( 5;L7O =8 @07@K20BL 548=AB2> ;8G=>AB8, =8 A2>48BL 53> : ?@>AB>9 >4=>@>4=>AB8. 50;L=>5 548=AB2> ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0 ;8G=>AB8 <=>3>>1@07=> 8 ?@>B82>@5G82>. > 2A5340 =0E>48BAO 2 :>=F5 :>=F>2 B0:0O AB5@6=520O 4;O 40==>9 ;8G=>AB8 ?>78F8O, A :>B>@>9 2A5 A2>9AB25==K5 59 ?@>B82>@5G8O A<K:0NBAO 2 548=AB25. . . >3>;L 2 <>;>4>AB8 ?8A0; A2>59 <0B5@8: «@0240, O ?>G8B0NAL 70304:>N 4;O 2A5E, =8:B> =5 @073040; <5=O A>25@H5==>. # 20A ?>G8B0NB <5=O A2>5=@02=K<, :0:8<-B> =5A=>A=K< ?540=B><, 4C<0NI8<, GB> >= C<=55 2A5E, GB> >= A>740= =0 4@C3>9 ;04 >B ;N459. 5@8B5 ;8, GB> O 2=CB@5==> A0< A<5O;AO =04 A>1>9 2<5AB5 A 20<8. 45AL <5=O =07K20NB A<8@5==8:><, 8450;>< :@>B>AB8 8 B5@?5=8O.  >4=>< <5AB5 O A0<K9 B8E89, A:@><=K9, CGB82K9, 2 4@C3>< C3@N<K9, 704C<G82K9, =5>B5A0==K9 8 ?@>G., 2 B@5BL5<  1>;B;82 8 4>:CG;82 4> G@572KG09=>AB8. # 8=KE  C<5=, C 4@C38E  3;C?& > B>;L:> A =0AB>OI53> <>53> ?>?@8I0 2K C7=05B5 =0AB>OI89 <>9 E0@0:B5@». =5H=5 @07;8G=K5 8 4065 ?@>B82>?>;>6=K5 ?>ABC?:8 <>3CB 2K@060BL ?@8<5=8B5;L=> : CA;>28O< :>=:@5B=>9 A8BC0F88 >4=8 8 B5 65 G5@BK E0@0:B5@0 8 ?@>8AB5:0BL 87 >4=8E 8 B5E 65 B5=45=F89 8;8 CAB0=>2>: ;8G=>AB8. 1@0B=>: 2=5H=5 >4=>@>4=K5 8 :0: 1C4B> B>645AB25==K5 ?>ABC?:8 <>3CB A>25@H0BLAO ?> A0<K< @07=>@>4=K< <>B820<, 2K@060O A>25@H5==> =5 >4=>@>4=K5 G5@BK E0@0:B5@0 8 CAB0=>2:8 8;8 B5=45=F88 ;8G=>AB8. 48= 8 B>B 65 ?>ABC?>: >48= G5;>25: <>65B A>25@H8BL 4;O B>3>, GB>1K ?><>GL :><C-=81C4L, 0 4@C3>9  GB>1K ?5@54 :5<-=81C4L 2KA;C68BLAO. 4=0 8 B0 65 G5@B0 E0@0:B5@0, 70AB5=G82>ABL =0?@8<5@, <>65B 2 >4=>< A;CG05 ?@>O28BLAO 2 A<CI5=88, @0AB5@O==>AB8, 2 4@C3><  2 87;8H=59 HC<;82>AB8 8 :0: 1C4B> @072O7=>AB8 ?>2545=8O, :>B>@>9 ?@8:@K205BAO B> 65 A<CI5=85. !0<8 65 A<CI5=85 8 70AB5=G82>ABL =5@54:> ?>@>640NBAO 25AL<0 @07;8G=K<8 ?@8G8=0<8  48A?@>?>@F859 2 >4=8E A;CG0OE <564C ?@8BO70=8O<8 ;8G=>AB8 8 55 A?>A>1=>ABO<8, 2 4@C38E  <564C 55 A?>A>1=>ABO<8 8 4>AB865=8O<8 8 B.4. >MB><C =8G53> =5 ?>9<5B 2 ?>2545=88 G5;>25:0 B>B, :B> =5 AC<55B 70 2=5H=8< 2A:@KBL A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8, 55 =0?@02;5==>ABL 8 B5=45=F88, 87 :>B>@KE 8AE>48B 55 ?>2545=85.  8B>35 B@8 >A=>2=KE ?>;>65=8O ?@8>1@5B0NB ?@8=F8?80;L=>5 7=0G5=85 4;O ?>=8<0=8O ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8. A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8 2 55 ?>2545=88, 2 459AB28OE 8 ?>ABC?:0E, :>B>@K5 >=0 A>25@H05B, >4=>2@5<5==> 8 ?@>O2;ONBAO, 8 D>@<8@CNBAO. >MB><C @02=> =5?@028;L=K AB0B8G5A:0O B>G:0 7@5=8O, :>B>@0O 8AE>48B 87 A2>9AB2 ;8G=>AB8 :0: G53>-B> 87=0G0;L=> 40==>3> 8 @0AA<0B@8205B 55 459AB28O 8 ?>ABC?:8 ;8HL :0: ?@>O2;5=85 =57028A8<>9 =587<5==>9 ACI=>AB8, 0 B0:65 48=0<8G5A:0O B>G:0 7@5=8O, :>B>@0O 2>2A5 @0AB2>@O5B ;8G=>ABL 2 A8BC0F88 8, ?KB0OAL 157>AB0B>G=> >1JOA=8BL ?>2545=85 87 A:;04K20NI8EAO 2 =59 48=0<8G5A:8E A>>B=>H5=89, ?@52@0I05B 2A5 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8 ;8HL 2 87<5=G82K5 A>AB>O=8O, ;8H5==K5 :0:>9 1K B> =8 1K;>, 4065 >B=>A8B5;L=>9, CAB>9G82>AB8. 5@20O B>G:0 7@5=8O 7=05B ;8G=>ABL B>;L:> :0: ?@54?>AK;:C, 2B>@0O  2 ;CGH5< A;CG05 B>;L:> :0: @57C;LB0B 45OB5;L=>AB8 8;8 ;8HL :0: A>1AB25==> <=8<CN, 2>>1@0605<CN B>G:C ?5@5A5G5=8O @07;8G=KE A8; 48=0<8G5A:>9 A8BC0F88.  459AB28B5;L=>AB8 ;8G=>ABL 8 55 ?A8E8G5A:85 A2>9AB20 >4=>2@5<5==> 8 ?@54?>AK;:0, 8 @57C;LB0B 55 45OB5;L=>AB8. =CB@5==55 ?A8E8G5A:>5 A>45@60=85 ?>2545=8O, A:;04K20NI55AO 2 A8BC0F88, >A>15==> 7=0G8<>9 4;O ;8G=>AB8, ?5@5E>48B 2 >B=>A8B5;L=> CAB>9G82K5 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8, 0 A2>9AB20 ;8G=>AB8, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, A:07K20NBAO 2 55 ?>2545=88. 5;L7O, B0:8< >1@07><, =8 >B@K20BL ;8G=>ABL >B 48=0<8:8 55 ?>2545=8O, 2 :>B>@>< >=0 8 ?@>O2;O5BAO 8 D>@<8@C5BAO, =8 @0AB2>@OBL. 2.  ?A8E8G5A:>< >1;8:5 2K45;ONBAO @07;8G=K5 AD5@K, 8;8 G5@BK, E0@0:B5@87CNI85 @07=K5 AB>@>=K ;8G=>AB8; => ?@8 2A5< A2>5< <=>3>>1@0788, @07;8G88 8 ?@>B82>@5G82>AB8 >A=>2=K5 A2>9AB20, 2708<>459AB2CO 4@C3 A 4@C3>< 2 :>=:@5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0 8 2708<>?@>=8:0O 4@C3 2 4@C30, A<K:0NBAO 2 548=AB25 ;8G=>AB8. >MB><C @02=> =5?@028;L=K :0: B>G:0 7@5=8O, 4;O :>B>@>9 548=AB2> ;8G=>AB8 2K@0605BAO 2 0<>@D=>9 F5;>AB=>AB8, ?@52@0I0NI59 55 ?A8E8G5A:89 >1;8: 2 BC<0==>ABL, B0: 8 ?@>B82>?>;>6=0O 59, :>B>@0O 2848B 2 ;8G=>AB8 ;8HL >B45;L=K5 G5@BK 8, CB@0B82 2=CB@5==55 548=AB2> ?A8E8G5A:>3> >1;8:0 ;8G=>AB8, BI5B=> 8I5B :>@@5;OF89 <564C 2=5H=8<8 ?@>O2;5=8O<8 MB8E G5@B. 3. A8E8G5A:89 >1;8: ;8G=>AB8 2> 2A5< <=>3>>1@0788 ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB2 >?@545;O5BAO @50;L=K< 1KB85<, 459AB28B5;L=>9 687=LN G5;>25:0 8 D>@<8@C5BAO 2 :>=:@5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. -B0 ?>A;54=OO A0<0 D>@<8@C5BAO ?> <5@5 B>3>, :0: G5;>25: 2 ?@>F5AA5 2>A?8B0=8O 8 >1CG5=8O >2;045205B 8AB>@8G5A:8 A;>682H8<AO A>45@60=85< <0B5@80;L=>9 8 4CE>2=>9 :C;LBC@K. 1@07 687=8 G5;>25:0, 2:;NG0NI89 2 =5@07@K2=>< 548=AB25 >?@545;5==K5 8AB>@8G5A:85 CA;>28O, <0B5@80;L=K5 >A=>2K 53> ACI5AB2>20=8O 8 45OB5;L=>ABL, =0?@02;5==CN =0 8E 87<5=5=85, >1CA;>2;8205B ?A8E8G5A:89 >1;8: ;8G=>AB8, :>B>@0O, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, =0:;04K205B A2>9 >B?5G0B>: =0 >1@07 687=8. .. OA8I52 /" '!"  !"%  +  " 8G=>ABL  2KAH55 8=B53@0;L=>5 ?>=OB85. 8G=>ABL E0@0:B5@87C5BAO, ?@5645 2A53>, :0: A8AB5<0 >B=>H5=89 G5;>25:0 : >:@C60NI59 459AB28B5;L=>AB8.  0=0;875 MBC A8AB5<C <>6=> 4@>18BL =0 15A:>=5G=>5 :>;8G5AB2> >B=>H5=89 ;8G=>AB8 : @07;8G=K< ?@54<5B0< 459AB28B5;L=>AB8, => :0: 1K 2 40==>< A<KA;5 MB8 >B=>H5=8O G0AB8G=K =8 1K;8, :064>5 87 =8E 2A5340 >AB05BAO ;8G=>AB=K<. !0<>5 3;02=>5 8 >?@545;ONI55 ;8G=>ABL  55 >B=>H5=8O : ;N4O<, O2;ONI85AO >4=>2@5<5==> 2708<>>B=>H5=8O<8.  MB>< ?C=:B5 AC1J5:B82=>5  >B=>H5=85, >BG5B;82> ?@>O2;OOAL 2 @50:F8OE 8 459AB28OE, >1=0@C68205B A2>N >1J5:B82=>ABL, 0 8=48284C0;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>5 AB0=>28BAO A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:8<. B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 8718@0B5;L=K ?@5645 2A53> 2 M<>F8>=0;L=>->F5=>G=>< (?>;>68B5;L=>< 8;8 >B@8F0B5;L=><) A<KA;5. B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 ?@54AB02;ONB A>7=0B5;L=CN, 8718@0B5;L=CN, >A=>20==CN =0 >?KB5 ?A8E>;>38G5A:CN A2O7L 53> A @07;8G=K<8 AB>@>=0<8 >1J5:B82=>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8, 2K@060NICNAO 2 53> 459AB28OE, @50:F8OE 8 ?5@56820=8OE.  A2>N >G5@54L >=8 >1@07CNBAO 8 D>@<8@CNBAO 2 ?@>F5AA0E 45OB5;L=>AB8. 718@0B5;L=K5 >B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 <=>3>AB>@>==8 8 A;>6=K, => =5 @07@>7=5==K 8 =5 @O4>?>;>65=K, 0 A>AB02;ONB 548=CN AD>@<8@>20==CN 53> >?KB>< 8=48284C0;L=CN 85@0@E8G5A:CN 8AB>@8G5A:CN A8AB5<C, 2=CB@5==5 A2O70==CN, E>BO, <>65B, 1KBL, 8 ?@>B82>@5G82CN. "0:, ?>B@51=>ABL 8 8450; <>3CB 2ABC?0BL 2 :>=D;8:B 4@C3 A 4@C3><, 2<5AB5 A B5< 2 8450;5 8;8 2 B@51>20=8OE 4>;30, B0: 65 :0: 8 2 ?>B@51=>ABOE, 70:;NG5=> 2=CB@5==55 ?>1C645=85 : 459AB28N. 450;, ?5@2>=0G0;L=> :0: 2=5H=55 B@51>20=85 8;8 ?@028;>, 2 ?@>F5AA5 @0728B8O AB0=>28BAO 2=CB@5==8< B@51>20=85<. !>7=0=85, GC2AB2> 8 2>;O ?@54AB02;ONB B> ?@>F5AAC0;L=>5 B@8548=AB2>, :>B>@>5 2K@0605BAO ?>B5=F80;L=> 2 >B=>H5=88 : :064><C >1J5:BC 8 ?@>O2;O5BAO 2 @07;8G=KE >B=>H5=8OE, 2 8=B5@5A0E, 2 B>9 8;8 8=>9 M<>F8>=0;L=>9 (?>;>68B5;L=>9 8;8 >B@8F0B5;L=>9) >F5=:5, 2 B>9 8;8 8=>9 AB5?5=8 459AB25==>9 0:B82=>AB8  2;5G5=8O, 65;0=8O, AB@5<;5=8O 8;8 ?>B@51=>AB8. B=>H5=85  A8;0, ?>B5=F80;, >?@545;ONI89 AB5?5=L 8=B5@5A0, AB5?5=L 2K@065==>AB8 M<>F88, AB5?5=L =0?@O65=8O 65;0=8O 8;8 ?>B@51=>AB8. B=>H5=8O ?>MB><C O2;ONBAO 4286CI59 A8;>9 ;8G=>AB8. A8E>;>38 =5>4=>:@0B=> >B<5G0;8, GB> C ;8G=>AB8 <>3CB ?@5>1;040BL >@30=8G5A:85, ;8G=K5 8;8 A25@E;8G=K5 (>1I5AB25==K5) F5;8, <>B82K 8;8 ?>B@51=>AB8. %0@0:B5@87CO ;8G=>ABL, >1KG=> 3>2>@OB >1 55 =0?@02;5==>AB8. -B>B B5@<8=, >4=0:>, =5 2?>;=5 C4>2;5B2>@8B5;5=.  ACI=>AB8, @5GL 845B > 4><8=8@CNI8E >B=>H5=8OE, B.5. > 1>;LH59 8;8 <5=LH59 0:B82=>AB8, @50:B82=>AB8, 0DD5:B82=>AB8 2 >B=>H5=88 : B5< 8;8 8=K< >1J5:B0<. "0:, 4><8=8@>20BL <>3CB «682>B=K5»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«28B0;L=KE») 8<?C;LA>2 ?>2545=8O. >=5G=>, =081>;55 2KA>:89 C@>25=L @0728B8O E0@0:B5@87C5BAO A>G5B0=85< :>;;5:B8287<0 A 2KA>:>9 :C;LBC@>9. 4=0:> :C;LBC@=> @0728BK9 G5;>25: <>65B 1KBL 8=48284C0;8AB><, 0 :C;LBC@=> =5 @0728BK9  :>;;5:B828AB><. C;LBC@=>5 @0728B85 ?5@2>3>, :0:>3> 1K 2KA>:>3> C@>2=O >=> =8 4>AB83;>, =5?>;=>F5==>, CI5@1=>, 81> =54>@0728BK >1I5AB25==K5 A2O78 8 <>B82K ?>2545=8O. >;;5:B8287< 2B>@>3> >:07K205BAO AB8E89=K<, ?@8<8B82=K<, 81> =5 A>G5B05BAO A 2KA>:8< :C;LBC@=K< C@>2=5<, =5>1E>48<K< 4;O >15A?5G5=8O >1I5AB25==>9 A>7=0B5;L=>AB8 G5;>25:0. !BC?5=8 >1I5AB25==>3> 8 :C;LBC@=>3> @0728B8O  >B;8G0NBAO @07;8G=>9 @>;LN, :>B>@CN =0 :064>9 87 =8E 83@0NB 4;O ;8G=>AB8 >1I5AB25==K5 8 ;8G=K5 >B=>H5=8O. 718@0B5;L=0O =0?@02;5==>ABL >B=>H5=89 >?@545;O5B 8 2=5H=85 8 2=CB@5==85 @50:F88 ;8G=>AB8.  A>F80;L=>< ?;0=5  MB> ?>;NA0 2=5H=59 A>F80;L=>AB8 8 2=CB@5==59 >B7K2G82>AB8 ;8G=>AB8 : 4@C38< ;N4O< 8 B@51>20=8O< :>;;5:B820. #@>25=L @0728B8O 8 8718@0B5;L=>ABL >B=>H5=89 E0@0:B5@87CNB A>45@60=85 ;8G=>AB8. "@5BL8< ACI5AB25==K< :><?>=5=B>< O2;O5BAO 48=0<8:0 @50:F89 ;8G=>AB8. =0 A>>B25BAB2C5B B><C, GB> 2 ?A8E>;>388 =07K205BAO B5<?5@0<5=B>< 8 A D878>;>38G5A:>9 AB>@>=K >A25I5=> .. 02;>2K< :0: B8? 2KAH59 =5@2=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. !;54C5B B>;L:> ?>4G5@:=CBL, GB>: 1) B5<?5@0<5=B ?@>O2;O5BAO 2> 2A5E AB>@>=0E ;8G=>AB8, 2 B>< G8A;5 2 55 8=B5;;5:BC0;L=>9 8 8459=>9 687=8; 2) B5<?5@0<5=B >1=0@C68205BAO ;8HL 2 >1;0AB8 0:B82=KE >B=>H5=89 ;8G=>AB8; 3) B5<?5@0<5=B B0:65 <>65B <5=OBLAO ?>4 2;8O=85< 687=5==KE CA;>289. (& ( '5B25@BK9 :><?>=5=B E0@0:B5@8AB8:8 ;8G=>AB8  MB> 2708<>A2O7L >A=>2=KE :><?>=5=B>2, 8;8 >1I0O AB@C:BC@0 ;8G=>AB8. !N40 >B=>AOBAO ?@>?>@F8>=0;L=>ABL, 30@<>=8G=>ABL, F5;L=>ABL ;8G=>AB8, 55 H8@>B0 8 3;C18=0, 55 DC=:F8>=0;L=K9 ?@>D8;L, B.5. A>>B=>H5=85 @07;8G=KE A2>9AB2 ?A8E8:8 8;8 B>, GB> ?> ?@58<CI5AB2C =07K20NB E0@0:B5@>< ;8G=>AB8. -B0 AB>@>=0 206=0 4;O ?>=8<0=8O B0:8E 2>;52KE 8 <>@0;L=KE A2>9AB2, :0: CAB>9G82>ABL, =0AB>9G82>ABL, 2K45@6:0, A0<>>1;040=85, >B7K2G82>ABL, 2=8<0=85 : G5;>25:C, ?@8=F8?80;L=>ABL, G5AB=>ABL 8 ?@>B82>?>;>6=K5 8< >B@8F0B5;L=K5 :0G5AB20.  =0720==KE A2>9AB20E, :0: 2 548=>< C7;5, A2O7K20NBAO 4><8=8@CNI85 >B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0 A C@>2=5< 53> @0728B8O 2 F5;><, 2 >B45;L=KE AB>@>=0E 8 2 48=0<8:5 B5<?5@0<5=B0. -B> <>65B 1KBL ?>:070=> =0 ?@8<5@5 ?>;O@=KE A2>9AB2  :>;;5:B8287<0 8 8=48284C0;87<0. >-?5@2KE, >=8 2K@060NB ?@>B82>?>;>6=K5 =0?@02;5=8O 4286CI8E A8; G5;>25G5A:>3> ?>2545=8O. >-2B>@KE, 2 >1I5AB25==>-8AB>@8G5A:>< ?;0=5 >=8 2KABC?0NB :0: @07=K5 C@>2=8 ?@>F5AA0 @0728B8O >B AB8E89=>3> 8=48284C0;87<0 8 :>;;5:B8287<0 : A>7=0B5;L=><C. 0:>=5F, >=8 ACBL >A>15==>AB8 E0@0:B5@0 ;8G=>AB8, ?@>O2;ONI85AO =0 :064>< H03C 55 687=8. 48=AB2> 2 AB@C:BC@5 ;8G=>AB8, A>>B=>H5=85 2 =59 8450;L=>3> 8 <0B5@80;L=>3>, A>F80;L=>3> 8 8=48284C0;L=>3> A;54C5B @0AA<0B@820BL 2 A2O78 A 55 8AB>@8G5A:8< @0728B85<. '5;>25: D>@<8@C5BAO 2 A>F80;L=>9 A@545, 8 2 E>45 MB>3> ?@>F5AA0 C =53> 2K@010BK20NBAO B0:85 A?>A>1K 459AB28O, :>B>@K5 1;03>?@8OBAB2CNB 2>7=8:=>25=8N 8 @0728B8N A>7=0B5;L=KE ?A8E8G5A:8E A2>9AB2, ?@5>1@07>20=8N 18>;>38G5A:>3> A>F80;L=K< (:>340 A>F80;L=>5 87 2=5H=8E CA;>289, 2>7459AB289, B@51>20=89, >1@07F>2, 7=0=89 8 2?5G0B;5=89 ?5@5E>48B 2> 2=CB@5==85 ?>B@51=>AB8, ?@82KG:8, B@51>20=8O ;8G=>AB8 : A515 8 : >:@C60NI8<). =48284C0;L=>5  ?>AB5?5==>, :@8B8G5A:8, =5 157 1>@L1K, @5>@30=87C5BAO A>F80;L=K< 8 AB0=>28BAO A>F80;L=K<, =5 CB@0G820O 8=48284C0;L=>AB8, => ?@8>1@5B0O =>2K9 «A>F80;878@>20==K9» E0@0:B5@. 5A<>B@O =0 <=>3>>1@0785 8 87<5=5=85 A2>9AB2 ;8G=>AB8, >=0 2 =>@<0;L=KE CA;>28OE >AB05BAO 548=>9. -B> 548=AB2> >A=>2K205BAO =0 A8=B575 @50:F89 8 B5=45=F89 8=482840, @53C;8@C5<>< 53> F5=B@0;L=>9 =5@2=>9 A8AB5<>9, =0 548=AB25 53> 687=5==>3> >?KB0. 8G=>ABL <=>3>>1@07=0 2 A2>5< 548=AB25, 8 @07;8G=K5 ;N48, 8<5O >1I85 A2>9AB20, >1;040NB :0: B8?8G=K<8, B0: 8 8=48284C0;L=K<8 >A>15==>ABO<8. >MB><C =0@O4C A >1I8<8 70:>=><5@=>ABO<8 @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8 206=CN B5>@5B8G5A:CN 8 ?@0:B8G5A:CN 7040GC ?@54AB02;O5B 8AA;54>20=85 ?A8E8G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 G5;>25:0. ! ?>78F89 <>=8AB8G5A:8 <0B5@80;8AB8G5A:>3> 8 8AB>@8G5A:>3> ?>=8<0=8O ;8G=>AB8 G5;>25: 5ABL A;>6=>5 @072820NI55AO 548=AB2> D878>;>38G5A:>3> 8 ?A8E8G5A:>3>, 18>35==>3> 8 ?@5>1@07CNI53> 53> A>F8>35==>3>. .. 5>=BL52   '!",  ?A8E>;>388 ?>=OB85 8=482840 C?>B@51;O5BAO 2 G@57<5@=> H8@>:>< 7=0G5=88, ?@82>4OI5< : =5@07;8G5=8N >A>15==>AB59 G5;>25:0 :0: 8=482840 8 53> >A>15==>AB59 :0: ;8G=>AB8. > :0: @07 8E G5B:>5 @07;8G5=85, 0 A>>B25BAB25==> 8 ;560I55 2 53> >A=>25 @07;8G5=85 ?>=OB89 «8=48284» 8 «;8G=>ABL» A>AB02;O5B =5>1E>48<CN ?@54?>AK;:C ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 0=0;870 ;8G=>AB8. 0H O7K: E>@>H> >B@0605B =5A>2?045=85 MB8E ?>=OB89: A;>2> «;8G=>ABL» C?>B@51;O5BAO =0<8 B>;L:> ?> >B=>H5=8N : G5;>25:C, 8 ?@8B>< =0G8=0O ;8HL A =5:>B>@>3> MB0?0 53> @0728B8O. K =5 3>2>@8< «;8G=>ABL 682>B=>3>» 8;8 «;8G=>ABL =>2>@>645==>3>». 8:B>, >4=0:>, =5 70B@C4=O5BAO 3>2>@8BL > 682>B=>< 8 > =>2>@>645==>< :0: >1 8=482840E, >1 8E 8=48284C0;L=KE >A>15==>ABOE (2>71C48<>5, A?>:>9=>5, 03@5AA82=>5 682>B=>5 8 B.4.; B> 65, :>=5G=>, 8 > =>2>@>645==><). K 2A5@L57 =5 3>2>@8< > ;8G=>AB8 4065 8 42CE;5B=53> @515=:0, E>BO >= ?@>O2;O5B =5 B>;L:> A2>8 35=>B8?8G5A:85 >A>15==>AB8, => 8 25;8:>5 <=>65AB2> >A>15==>AB59, ?@8>1@5B5==KE ?>4 2>7459AB285< A>F80;L=>3> >:@C65=8O; :AB0B8 A:070BL, MB> >1AB>OB5;LAB2> ;8H=89 @07 A2845B5;LAB2C5B ?@>B82 ?>=8<0=8O ;8G=>AB8 :0: ?@>4C:B0 ?5@5:@5I820=8O 18>;>38G5A:>3> 8 A>F80;L=>3> D0:B>@>2. N1>?KB=>, =0:>=5F, GB> 2 ?A8E>?0B>;>388 >?8AK20NBAO A;CG08 @0742>5=8O ;8G=>AB8, 8 MB> >B=N4L =5 D83C@0;L=>5 B>;L:> 2K@065=85; => =8:0:>9 ?0B>;>38G5A:89 ?@>F5AA =5 <>65B ?@825AB8 : @0742>5=8N 8=482840: @0742>5==K9, «@0745;5==K9» 8=48284 5ABL 15AA<KA;8F0, ?@>B82>@5G85 2 B5@<8=0E. >=OB85 ;8G=>AB8, B0: 65 :0: 8 ?>=OB85 8=482840, 2K@0605B F5;>AB=>ABL AC1J5:B0 687=8; ;8G=>ABL =5 A>AB>8B 87 :CA>G:>2, MB> =5 «?>;8?=O:». > ;8G=>ABL ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 F5;>AB=>5 >1@07>20=85 >A>1>3> @>40. 8G=>ABL =5 5ABL F5;>AB=>ABL, >1CA;>2;5==0O 35=>B8?8G5A:8: ;8G=>ABLN =5 @>4OBAO, ;8G=>ABLN AB0=>2OBAO. >B><C-B> <K 8 =5 3>2>@8< > ;8G=>AB8 =>2>@>645==>3> 8;8 > ;8G=>AB8 <;045=F0, E>BO G5@BK 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 ?@>O2;ONBAO =0 @0==8E ABC?5=OE >=B>35=570 =5 <5=55 O@:>, G5< =0 1>;55 ?>74=8E 2>7@0AB=KE MB0?0E. 8G=>ABL 5ABL >B=>A8B5;L=> ?>74=89 ?@>4C:B >1I5AB25==>-8AB>@8G5A:>3> 8 >=B>35=5B8G5A:>3> @0728B8O G5;>25:0. (& ( 8G=>ABL 5ABL A?5F80;L=>5 G5;>25G5A:>5 >1@07>20=85, :>B>@>5 B0: 65 =5 <>65B 1KBL 2K2545=> 87 53> ?@8A?>A>18B5;L=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, :0: =5 <>3CB 1KBL 2K2545=K 87 =55 53> A>7=0=85 8;8 53> G5;>25G5A:85 ?>B@51=>AB8. 0: 8 A>7=0=85 G5;>25:0, :0: 8 53> ?>B@51=>AB8 (0@:A 3>2>@8B: ?@>872>4AB2> A>7=0=8O, ?@>872>4AB2> ?>B@51=>AB59), ;8G=>ABL G5;>25:0 B>65 «?@>872>48BAO» - A>7405BAO >1I5AB25==K<8 >B=>H5=8O<8, 2 :>B>@K5 8=48284 2ABC?05B 2 A2>59 45OB5;L=>AB8. "> >1AB>OB5;LAB2>, GB> ?@8 MB>< B@0=AD>@<8@CNBAO, <5=ONBAO 8 =5:>B>@K5 53> >A>15==>AB8 :0: 8=482840, A>AB02;O5B =5 ?@8G8=C, 0 A;54AB285 D>@<8@>20=8O 53> ;8G=>AB8. K@078< MB> 8=0G5: >A>15==>AB8, E0@0:B5@87CNI85 >4=> 548=AB2> (8=482840), =5 ?@>AB> ?5@5E>4OB 2 >A>15==>AB8 4@C3>3> 548=AB20, 4@C3>3> >1@07>20=8O (;8G=>AB8), B0: GB> ?5@2K5 C=8GB>60NBAO; >=8 A>E@0=ONBAO, => 8<5==> :0: >A>15==>AB8 8=482840. "0:, >A>15==>AB8 2KAH59 =5@2=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 8=482840 =5 AB0=>2OBAO >A>15==>ABO<8 53> ;8G=>AB8 8 =5 >?@545;ONB 55. %>BO DC=:F8>=8@>20=85 =5@2=>9 A8AB5<K A>AB02;O5B, :>=5G=>, =5>1E>48<CN ?@54?>AK;:C @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8, => 55 B8? 2>2A5 =5 O2;O5BAO B5< «A:5;5B><», =0 :>B>@>< >=0 «=04AB@08205BAO»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«AB@C:BC@C»), B5< =5 <5=55 55 7=0G5=85 4;O D>@<8@>20=8O ;8G=>AB8 =5A>?>AB028<> 1>;LH5, G5<, A:065<, A;01K9 B8? =5@2=>9 A8AB5<K. >4C<0BL B>;L:>, A25@AB=8:8 3>=ONB 2> 42>@5 <OG, 0 E@><0NI89 <0;LG8:  2 AB>@>=:5; ?>B><, :>340 >= AB0=>28BAO ?>AB0@H5 8 ?@8E>48B 2@5<O B0=F52, 5<C =5 >AB05BAO =8G53> 4@C3>3>, :0: «?>4?8@0BL AB5=:C». 0: A;>68BAO 2 MB8E CA;>28OE 53> ;8G=>ABL? -B>3> =52>7<>6=> ?@54A:070BL, =52>7<>6=> 8<5==> ?>B><C, GB> 4065 AB>;L 3@C10O 8A:;NG8B5;L=>ABL 8=482840 >4=>7=0G=> =5 >?@545;O5B D>@<8@>20=8O 53> :0: ;8G=>AB8. !0<0 ?> A515 >=0 =5 A?>A>1=0 ?>@>48BL, A:065<, :><?;5:A0 =5?>;=>F5==>AB8, 70<:=CB>AB8 8;8, =0?@>B82, 4>1@>65;0B5;L=>9 2=8<0B5;L=>AB8 : ;N4O< 8 2>>1I5 =8:0:8E A>1AB25==> ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 G5;>25:0 :0: ;8G=>AB8. 0@04>:A 2 B><, GB> ?@54?>AK;:8 @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8 ?> A0<><C ACI5AB2C A2>5<C 157;8G=K. 8G=>ABL, :0: 8 8=48284, 5ABL ?@>4C:B 8=B53@0F88 ?@>F5AA>2, >ACI5AB2;ONI8E 687=5==K5 >B=>H5=8O AC1J5:B0. !CI5AB2C5B, >4=0:>, DC=40<5=B0;L=>5 >B;8G85 B>3> >A>1>3> >1@07>20=8O, :>B>@>5 <K =07K205< ;8G=>ABLN. => >?@545;O5BAO ?@8@>4>9 A0<8E ?>@>640NI8E 53> >B=>H5=89: MB> A?5F8D8G5A:85 4;O G5;>25:0 >1I5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O, 2 :>B>@K5 >= 2ABC?05B 2 A2>59 ?@54<5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. 0: <K C65 2845;8, ?@8 2A5< <=>3>>1@0788 55 284>2 8 D>@<, 2A5 >=8 E0@0:B5@87CNBAO >1I=>ABLN A2>53> 2=CB@5==53> AB@>5=8O 8 ?@54?>;030NB A>7=0B5;L=>5 8E @53C;8@>20=85, B.5. =0;8G85 A>7=0=8O, 0 =0 8725AB=KE MB0?0E @0728B8O B0:65 8 A0<>A>7=0=8O AC1J5:B0. "0: 65 :0: 8 A0<8 MB8 45OB5;L=>AB8, ?@>F5AA 8E >1J548=5=8O  2>7=8:=>25=8O, @0728B8O 8 @0A?040 A2O759 <564C =8<8  5ABL ?@>F5AA >A>1>3> @>40, ?>4G8=5==K9 >A>1K< 70:>=><5@=>ABO<. 7CG5=85 ?@>F5AA0 >1J548=5=8O, A2O7K20=8O 45OB5;L=>AB59 AC1J5:B0, 2 @57C;LB0B5 :>B>@>3> D>@<8@C5BAO 53> ;8G=>ABL, ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 :0?8B0;L=CN 7040GC ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 8AA;54>20=8O. 5 @5H5=85, >4=0:>, =52>7<>6=> =8 2 @0<:0E AC1J5:B82=>-M<?8@8G5A:>9 ?A8E>;>388, =8 2 @0<:0E ?>2545=G5A:8E 8;8 «3;C18==KE» ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E =0?@02;5=89, 2 B>< G8A;5 8 8E =>259H8E 20@80=B>2. 040G0 MB0 B@51C5B 0=0;870 ?@54<5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 AC1J5:B0, 2A5340, :>=5G=>, >?>A@54>20==>9 ?@>F5AA0<8 A>7=0=8O, :>B>@K5 8 «AH820NB» >B45;L=K5 45OB5;L=>AB8 <564C A>1>9. >MB><C 45<8AB8D8:0F8O ?@54AB02;5=89 > ;8G=>AB8 2>7<>6=0 ;8HL 2 ?A8E>;>388, 2 >A=>25 :>B>@>9 ;568B CG5=85 > 45OB5;L=>AB8, 55 AB@>5=8O, 55 @0728B8O 8 55 ?@5>1@07>20=8OE, > @07;8G=KE 55 2840E 8 D>@<0E. (& ( 45AL <K ?>4E>48< : 3;02=>9 <5B>4>;>38G5A:>9 ?@>1;5<5, :>B>@0O :@>5BAO 70 @07;8G5=85< ?>=OB89 «8=48284» 8 «;8G=>ABL». 5GL 845B > ?@>1;5<5 42>9AB25==>AB8 :0G5AB2 A>F80;L=KE >1J5:B>2, ?>@>6405<KE 42>9AB25==>ABLN >1J5:B82=KE >B=>H5=89, 2 :>B>@KE >=8 ACI5AB2CNB. 0: 8725AB=>, >B:@KB85 MB>9 42>9AB25==>AB8 ?@8=04;568B 0@:AC, ?>:0702H5<C 42>9AB25==K9 E0@0:B5@ B@C40, ?@>872>48<>3> ?@>4C:B0 8, =0:>=5F, 42>9AB25==>ABL A0<>3> G5;>25:0 :0: «AC1J5:B0 ?@8@>4K» 8 «AC1J5:B0 >1I5AB20». ;O =0CG=>9 ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8 MB> DC=40<5=B0;L=>5 <5B>4>;>38G5A:>5 >B:@KB85 8<55B @5H0NI55 7=0G5=85. => @048:0;L=> <5=O5B ?>=8<0=85 55 ?@54<5B0 8 @07@CH05B C:>@5=82H85AO 2 =59 AE5<K, 2 :>B>@K5 2:;NG0NBAO B0:85 @07=>@>4=K5 G5@BK 8;8 «?>4AB@C:BC@K», :0:, =0?@8<5@, <>@0;L=K5 :0G5AB20, 7=0=8O, =02K:8 8 ?@82KG:8, D>@<K ?A8E8G5A:>3> >B@065=8O 8 B56<?5@0<5=B. AB>G=8:>< ?>4>1=KE «AE5< ;8G=>AB8» O2;O5BAO ?@54AB02;5=85 > @0728B88 ;8G=>AB8 :0: > @57C;LB0B5 =0A;0820=8O ?@8687=5==KE ?@8>1@5B5=89 =0 =5:89 ?@54ACI5AB2CNI89 <5B0?A8E>;>38G5A:89 1078A. > :0: @07 A MB>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O ;8G=>ABL :0: A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:>5 >1@07>20=85 2>>1I5 =5 <>65B 1KBL ?>=OB0. 59AB28B5;L=K9 ?CBL 8AA;54>20=8O ;8G=>AB8 70:;NG05BAO 2 87CG5=88 B5E B@0=AD>@<0F89 AC1J5:B0 (8;8, 3>2>@O O7K:>< . !M20, «DC=40<5=B0;L=KE ?5@52>@0G820=89»), :>B>@K5 A>740NBAO A0<>42865=85< 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8 2 A8AB5<5 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. 0 MB>< ?CB8 <K, >4=0:>, A A0<>3> =0G0;0 AB0;:8205<AO A =5>1E>48<>ABLN ?5@5>A<KA;8BL =5:>B>@K5 >1I85 B5>@5B8G5A:85 ?>;>65=8O. 4=> 87 =8E, >B :>B>@>3> 7028A8B 8AE>4=0O ?>AB0=>2:0 ?@>1;5<K ;8G=>AB8, 2>72@0I05B =0A : C65 C?><O=CB><C ?>;>65=8N > B><, GB> 2=5H=85 CA;>28O 459AB2CNB G5@57 2=CB@5==85. «>;>65=85, A>3;0A=> :>B>@><C 2=5H=85 2>7459AB28O A2O70=K A> A2>8< ?A8E8G5A:8< MDD5:B>< >?>A@54>20==> G5@57 ;8G=>ABL, O2;O5BAO B5< F5=B@><, 8AE>4O 87 :>B>@>3> >?@545;O5BAO B5>@5B8G5A:89 ?>4E>4 :> 2A5< ?@>1;5<0< ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8& ». ">, GB> 2=5H=55 459AB2C5B G5@57 2=CB@5==55, 25@=>, 8 : B><C 65 157>3>2>@>G=> 25@=>, 4;O A;CG052, :>340 <K @0AA<0B@8205< MDD5:B B>3> 8;8 8=>3> 2>7459AB28O. @C3>5 45;>, 5A;8 2845BL 2 MB>< ?>;>65=88 :;NG : ?>=8<0=8N 2=CB@5==53> :0: ;8G=>AB8. 2B>@ ?>OA=O5B, GB> MB> 2=CB@5==5 A0<> 7028A8B >B ?@54H5AB2CNI8E 2=5H=8E 2>7459AB289. > MB8< 2>7=8:=>25=85 ;8G=>AB8 :0: >A>1>9 F5;>AB=>AB8, ?@O<> =5 A>2?040NI59 A F5;>AB=>ABLN 8=482840, 5I5 =5 @0A:@K205BAO, 8 ?>MB><C ?>-?@56=5<C >AB05BAO 2>7<>6=>ABL ?>=8<0=8O ;8G=>AB8 ;8HL :0: >1>30I5==>3> ?@54H5AB2CNI8< >?KB>< 8=482840. =5 ?@54AB02;O5B, GB>, 4;O B>3> GB>1K =09B8 ?>4E>4 : ?@>1;5<5, A;54C5B A A0<>3> =0G0;0 >15@=CBL 8AE>4=K9 B578A: 2=CB@5==55 (AC1J5:B) 459AB2C5B G5@57 2=5H=55 8 MB8< A0<> A51O 87<5=O5B. >;>65=85 MB> 8<55B A>25@H5==> @50;L=K9 A<KA;. 54L ?5@2>=0G0;L=> AC1J5:B 687=8 2>>1I5 2KABC?05B ;8HL :0: >1;040NI89, 5A;8 2>A?>;L7>20BLAO 2K@065=85< -=35;LA0, A0<>AB>OB5;L=>9 A8;>9 @50:F88, => MB0 A8;0 <>65B 459AB2>20BL B>;L:> G5@57 2=5H=55, 2 MB>< 2=5H=5< 8 ?@>8AE>48B 55 ?5@5E>4 87 2>7<>6=>AB8 2 459AB28B5;L=>ABL: 55 :>=:@5B870F8O, 55 @0728B85 8 >1>30I5=85  A;>2><, 55 ?@5>1@07>20=8O, :>B>@K5 ACBL ?@5>1@07>20=8O 8 A0<>3> AC1J5:B0, 55 =>A8B5;O. "5?5@L, B.5. 2 :0G5AB25 ?@5>1@07>20==>3> AC1J5:B0, >= 8 2KABC?05B :0: ?@5;><;ONI89 2 A2>8E B5:CI8E A>AB>O=8OE 2=5H=85 2>7459AB28O. 5OB5;L=>ABL :0: >A=>20=85 ;8G=>AB8 ;02=0O 7040G0 A>AB>8B 2 B><, GB>1K 2KO28BL 459AB28B5;L=K5 «>1@07CNI85» ;8G=>AB8  MB>3> 2KAH53> 548=AB20 G5;>25:0, 87<5=G82>3>, :0: 87<5=G820 A0<0 53> 687=L, 8 2<5AB5 A B5< A>E@0=ONI53> A2>5 ?>AB>O=AB2>, A2>N 0CB>845=B8G=>ABL. (& ( 50;L=K< 1078A>< ;8G=>AB8 G5;>25:0 O2;O5BAO A>2>:C?=>ABL 53> >1I5AB25==KE ?> A2>59 ?@8@>45 >B=>H5=89 : <8@C, => >B=>H5=89, :>B>@K5 @50;87CNBAO, 0 >=8 @50;87CNBAO 53> 45OB5;L=>ABLN, B>G=55, A>2>:C?=>ABLN 53> <=>3>>1@07=KE 45OB5;L=>AB59. <5NBAO 2 284C 8<5==> 45OB5;L=>AB8 AC1J5:B0, :>B>@K5 8 O2;ONBAO 8AE>4=K<8 «548=8F0<8» ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> 0=0;870 ;8G=>AB8, 0 =5 459AB28O, =5 >?5@0F88, =5 ?A8E>D878>;>38G5A:85 DC=:F88 8;8 1;>:8 MB8E DC=:F89; ?>A;54=85 E0@0:B5@87CNB 45OB5;L=>ABL, 0 =5 =5?>A@54AB25==> ;8G=>ABL. 0 ?5@2K9 273;O4 MB> ?>;>65=85 :065BAO ?@>B82>@5G0I8< M<?8@8G5A:8< ?@54AB02;5=8O< > ;8G=>AB8 8, 1>;55 B>3>, >1J548=ONI8< 8E. "5< =5 <5=55 >=> 548=AB25==> >B:@K205B ?CBL : ?>=8<0=8N ;8G=>AB8 2 55 459AB28B5;L=>9 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 :>=:@5B=>AB8. @5645 2A53> =0 MB>< ?CB8 CAB@0=O5BAO 3;02=0O B@C4=>ABL: >?@545;5=85 B>3>, :0:85 ?@>F5AAK 8 >A>15==>AB8 G5;>25:0 >B=>AOBAO : G8A;C ?A8E>;>38G5A:8 E0@0:B5@87CNI8E 53> ;8G=>ABL, 0 :0:85 O2;ONBAO 2 MB><  A<KA;5 =59B@0;L=K<8. 5;> 2 B><, GB>, 27OBK5 A0<8 ?> A515, 2 01AB@0:F88 >B A8AB5<K 45OB5;L=>AB8, >=8 2>>1I5 =8G53> =5 3>2>@OB > A2>5< >B=>H5=88 : ;8G=>AB8. 420 ;8, =0?@8<5@, @07C<=> @0AA<0B@820BL :0: «;8G=>AB=K5» >?5@0F88 ?8AL<0, A?>A>1=>ABL G8AB>?8A0=8O. > 2>B ?5@54 =0<8 >1@07 35@>O ?>25AB8 >3>;O «(8=5;L» :0:8O :0:8528G0 0H<0G:8=0. !;C68; >= 2 =5:>5< 45?0@B0<5=B5 G8=>2=8:>< 4;O ?5@5?8AK20=8O :075==KE 1C<03, 8 2845;AO 5<C 2 MB>< 70=OB88 F5;K9 @07=>>1@07=K9 8 ?@8BO30B5;L=K9 <8@. :>=G82 @01>BC, :0:89 :0:8528G B>BG0A H5; 4><>9. 0A:>@> ?>>15402, 2K=8<0; 10=>G:C A G5@=8;0<8 8 ?@8=8<0;AO ?5@5?8AK20BL 1C<038, :>B>@K5 >= ?@8=5A 4><>9, 5A;8 65 B0:>2KE =5 A;CG0;>AL, >= A=8<0; :>?88 =0@>G=>, 4;O A51O, 4;O A>1AB25==>3> C4>2>;LAB28O. «0?8A02H8AL 2A;0BL, - ?>25AB2C5B >3>;L, - >= ;>68;AO A?0BL, C;K10OAL 70@0=55 ?@8 <KA;8 > 702B@0H=5< 4=5: GB>-B> 1>3 ?>H;5B ?5@5?8AK20BL 702B@0». 0: ?@>87>H;>, :0: A;CG8;>AL, GB> ?5@5?8AK20=85 :075==KE 1C<03 70=O;> F5=B@0;L=>5 <5AB> 2 53> ;8G=>AB8, AB0;> A<KA;>< 53> 687=8? K =5 7=05< :>=:@5B=KE >1AB>OB5;LAB2, => B0: 8;8 8=0G5 >1AB>OB5;LAB20 MB8 ?@825;8 : B><C, GB> ?@>87>H5; A4283 >4=>3> 87 3;02=KE <>B82>2 =0 >1KG=> A>25@H5==> 157;8G=K5 >?5@0F88, :>B>@K5 2 A8;C MB>3> ?@52@0B8;8AL 2 A0<>AB>OB5;L=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL, 2 MB>< :0G5AB25 >=8 8 2KABC?8;8 :0: E0@0:B5@87CNI85 ;8G=>ABL. (& ( =>340 45;> >1AB>8B 8=0G5.  B><, GB> A 2=5H=59 AB>@>=K :065BAO 459AB28O<8, 8<5NI8<8 4;O G5;>25:0 A0<>F5==>5 7=0G5=85, ?A8E>;>38G5A:89 0=0;87 >B:@K205B 8=>5, 0 8<5==>, GB> >=8 O2;ONBAO ;8HL A@54AB2>< 4>AB865=8O F5;59, 459AB28B5;L=K9 <>B82 :>B>@KE ;568B :0: 1K 2 A>25@H5==> 8=>9 ?;>A:>AB8 687=8.  MB>< A;CG05 70 2848<>ABLN >4=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 A:@K205BAO 4@C30O. <5==> >=0-B> =5?>A@54AB25==> 8 2E>48B 2 ?A8E>;>38G5A:89 >1;8: ;8G=>AB8, :0:>9 1K =8 1K;0 >ACI5AB2;ONI0O 55 A>2>:C?=>ABL :>=:@5B=KE 459AB289. >A;54=OO A>AB02;O5B :0: 1K B>;L:> >1>;>G:C MB>9 4@C3>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, @50;87CNI59 B> 8;8 8=>5 459AB28B5;L=>5 >B=>H5=85 G5;>25:0 : <8@C, - >1>;>G:C, :>B>@0O 7028A8B >B CA;>289, 8=>340 A;CG09=KE. >B ?>G5<C, =0?@8<5@, B>B D0:B, GB> 40==K9 G5;>25: @01>B05B B5E=8:><, A0< ?> A515 5I5 =8G53> =5 3>2>@8B > 53> ;8G=>AB8; 55 >A>15==>AB8 >1=0@C6820NB A51O =5 2 MB><, 0 2 B5E >B=>H5=8OE, 2 :>B>@K5 >= =587156=> 2ABC?05B, <>65B 1KBL, 2 ?@>F5AA5 A2>53> B@C40, 0 <>65B 1KBL, 8 2=5 MB>3> ?@>F5AA0. 1I89 2K2>4 87 A:070==>3> A>AB>8B 2 B><, GB> 2 8AA;54>20=88 ;8G=>AB8 =5;L7O >3@0=8G820BLAO 2KOA=5=85< ?@54?>AK;>:, 0 =C6=> 8AE>48BL 87 @0728B8O 45OB5;L=>AB8, 55 :>=:@5B=KE 284>2 8 D>@< 8 B5E A2O759, 2 :>B>@K5 >=8 2ABC?0NB 4@C3 A 4@C3><, B0: :0: 8E @0728B85 @048:0;L=> <5=O5B 7=0G5=85 A0<8E MB8E ?@54?>AK;>:. "0:8< >1@07><, =0?@02;5=85 8AA;54>20=8O >1@0I05BAO  =5 >B ?@8>1@5B5==KE =02K:>2, C<5=89 8 7=0=89 : E0@0:B5@87C5<K< 8<8 45OB5;L=>ABO<, 0 >B A>45@60=8O 8 A2O759 45OB5;L=>AB59 : B><C, :0: 8 :0:85 ?@>F5AAK 8E @50;87CNB, 45;0NB 8E 2>7<>6=K<8. #65 ?5@2K5 H038 2 C:070==>< =0?@02;5=88 ?@82>4OB : 2>7<>6=>AB8 2K45;8BL >G5=L 206=K9 D0:B. = 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, GB> 2 E>45 @0728B8O AC1J5:B0 >B45;L=K5 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8 2ABC?0NB <564C A>1>9 2 85@0@E8G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O. 0 C@>2=5 ;8G=>AB8 >=8 >B=N4L =5 >1@07CNB ?@>AB>3> ?CG:0, ;CG8 :>B>@>3> 8<5NB A2>9 8AB>G=8: 8 F5=B@ 2 AC1J5:B5. @54AB02;5=85 > A2O7OE <564C 45OB5;L=>ABO<8 :0: > :>@5=OI8EAO 2 548=AB25 8 F5;>AB=>AB8 8E AC1J5:B0 O2;O5BAO >?@0240==K< ;8HL =0 C@>2=5 8=482840. 0 MB>< C@>2=5 (C 682>B=>3>, C <;045=F0) A>AB02 45OB5;L=>AB59 8 8E 2708<>A2O78 =5?>A@54AB25==> >?@545;ONBAO A2>9AB20<8 AC1J5:B0  >1I8<8 8 8=48284C0;L=K<8, 2@>645==K<8 8 ?@8>1@5B05<K<8 ?@8687=5==>. 0?@8<5@, 87<5=5=85 8718@0B5;L=>AB8 8 A<5=0 45;L=>AB8 =0E>4OBAO 2 ?@O<>9 7028A8<>AB8 >B B5:CI8E A>AB>O=89 ?>B@51=>AB59 >@30=87<0, >B 87<5=5=8O 53> 18>;>38G5A:8E 4><8=0=B. @C3>5 45;>  85@0@E8G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O 45OB5;L=>AB59, :>B>@K5 E0@0:B5@87CNB ;8G=>ABL. E >A>15==>ABLN O2;O5BAO 8E «>B2O70==>ABL» >B A>AB>O=89 >@30=87<0. -B8 85@0@E88 45OB5;L=>AB59 ?>@>640NBAO 8E A>1AB25==K< @0728B85<, >=8-B> 8 >1@07CNB O4@> ;8G=>AB8. =0G5 3>2>@O, «C7;K», A>548=ONI85 >B45;L=K5 45OB5;L=>AB8, 702O7K20NBAO =5 459AB285< 18>;>38G5A:8E 8;8 4CE>2=KE A8; AC1J5:B0, :>B>@K5 ;560B 2 =5< A0<><, 0 702O7K20NBAO >=8 2 B>9 A8AB5<5 >B=>H5=89, 2 :>B>@K5 2ABC?05B AC1J5:B. 01;N45=85 ;53:> >1=0@C68205B B5 ?5@2K5 «C7;K», A >1@07>20=8O :>B>@KE C @515=:0 =0G8=05BAO A0<K9 @0==89 MB0? D>@<8@>20=8O ;8G=>AB8.  >G5=L 2K@078B5;L=>9 D>@<5 MB> O2;5=85 >4=064K 2KABC?8;> 2 >?KB0E A 45BL<8-4>H:>;L=8:0<8. -:A?5@8<5=B0B>@, ?@>2>482H89 >?KBK, AB028; ?5@54 @515=:>< 7040GC  4>AB0BL C40;5==K9 >B =53> ?@54<5B, =5?@5<5==> 2K?>;=OO ?@028;>  =5 2AB020BL A> A2>53> <5AB0. 0: B>;L:> @515=>: ?@8=8<0;AO @5H0BL 7040GC, M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@ ?5@5E>48; 2 A>A54=NN :><=0BC, 87 :>B>@>9 8 ?@>4>;60; =01;N45=85, ?>;L7COAL >1KG=> ?@8<5=O5<K< 4;O MB>3> >?B8G5A:8< ?@8A?>A>1;5=85<. 4=064K ?>A;5 @O40 157CA?5H=KE ?>?KB>: <0;KH 2AB0;, ?>4>H5; : ?@54<5BC, 27O; 53> 8 A?>:>9=> 25@=C;AO =0 <5AB>. -:A?5@8<5=B0B>@ B>BG0A 2>H5; : @515=:C, ?>E20;8; 53> 70 CA?5E 8 2 2845 =03@04K ?@54;>68; 5<C H>:>;04=CN :>=D5BC. 515=>:, >4=0:>, >B:070;AO >B =55, 0 :>340 M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@ AB0; =0AB0820BL, B> <0;KH B8E> 70?;0:0;. 'B> ;568B 70 MB8< D5=><5=><?  ?@>F5AA5, :>B>@K9 <K =01;N40;8, <>6=> 2K45;8BL B@8 <><5=B0: 1) >1I5=85 @515=:0 A M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@><, :>340 5<C >1JOA=O;0AL 7040G0; 2) @5H5=85 7040G8 8 3) >1I5=85 A M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@>< ?>A;5 B>3>, :0: @515=>: 27O; ?@54<5B. 59AB28O @515=:0 >B25G0;8, B0:8< >1@07><, 42C< @07;8G=K< <>B820<, B.5. >ACI5AB2;O;8 42>O:CN 45OB5;L=>ABL: >4=C  ?> >B=>H5=8N : M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@C, 4@C3CN  ?> >B=>H5=8N : ?@54<5BC (=03@045). 0: ?>:07K205B =01;N45=85, 2 B> 2@5<O :>340 @515=>: 4>AB020; ?@54<5B, A8BC0F8O =5 ?5@56820;0AL 8< :0: :>=D;8:B=0O, :0: A8BC0F8O «AH81:8». 5@0@E8G5A:0O ACO7L <564C >158<8 45OB5;L=>ABO<8 >1=0@C68;0AL B>;L:> 2 <><5=B 2>7>1=>282H53>AO >1I5=8O A M:A?5@8<5=B0B>@><, B0: A:070BL, post faktum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«A?@OB0==KE» D>@<0E >=8 70O2;ONB > A515 ?>AB>O==>. 0725 =5 ?> 0=0;>38G=>9 65 AE5<5 2>7=8:0NB B0:85 3;C1>:> ;8G=>AB=K5 O2;5=8O, :0:, A:065<, C3@K75=8O A>25AB8? 0728B85, C<=>65=85 284>2 45OB5;L=>AB8 8=482840 ?@82>48B =5 ?@>AB> : @0AH8@5=8N 8E «:0B0;>30»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«?A8E>A>F80;L=>5 >B=>H5=85» 8 «>@30=87<  8=48284  ;8G=>ABL», >1@07CO 8E <5B>4>;>38G5A:>5 >A=>20=85, >?@545;OO >1I85 ?>4E>4K : ?>AB@>5=8N ?@>3@0<< =0CG=>3> 8AA;54>20=8O 2 >1;0AB8 8=B5=A82=> @072820NI59AO A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388 8 ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8. A5 A:070==>5 ?>72>;O5B 8A?>;L7>20BL :0B53>@88 «>@30=87<  8=48284  ;8G=>ABL» 4;O ?>AB@>5=8O >1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8. (& ( 5B>4>;>38G5A:85 >A=>20=8O B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8 "0:8< >1@07><, >?@545;5=K 8AE>4=K5 ?@8=F8?80;L=K5 ?>78F88 4;O ?>AB@>5=8O >1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8. #B>G=8<, GB> 8<55BAO 2 284C, :>340 >=0 >1>7=0G05BAO :0: «>1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:0O»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«?A8E>A>F80;L=>3> >B=>H5=8O».  ?A8E>;>388 1K;8 2K428=CBK B@0:B>2:0 45B5@<8=87<0 :0: 459AB28O «2=5H=8E ?@8G8= G5@57 2=CB@5==85 CA;>28O» (!.. C18=HB59=) 8 B@0:B>2:0 45B5@<8=87<0 :0: 459AB28O «2=CB@5==53> G5@57 2=5H=55»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«:>;;5:F8>=5@A:89». -B>B ?@8=F8? =5 <>3 1KBL >1=0@C65= 2 >1I8E A8AB5<=KE ?@54AB02;5=8OE, E>BO 8 =5 <>3 1KBL 157 =8E AD>@<C;8@>20=. 3> A;54>20;> >B:@KBL 2 B:0=8 A0<>9 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 @50;L=>AB8. ;O MB>9 F5;8 ?>B@51>20;>AL: 2>-?5@2KE, ?@5>4>;5BL «?B>;5<552A:>5» ?>=8<0=85 G5;>25:0 2 ?>;L7C 53> «:>?5@=8:0=A:>9» B@0:B>2:8 :0: G0AB8 A>F80;L=>3> F5;>3>, A8AB5<K >1I5AB25==KE A2O759; 2>-2B>@KE, ?@5>4>;5BL 38?=>7 «?>ABC;0B0 =5?>A@54AB25==>AB8». -B> >:070;>AL 2>7<>6=K< A45;0BL 2 CA;>28OE A8AB5<=>3> 0=0;870 :0B53>@89 «?A8E>A>F80;L=>5 >B=>H5=85» 8 «>@30=87<  8=48284  ;8G=>ABL», >ACI5AB2;5==>3> ?@8 A>?@8:>A=>25=88 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 :>;;5:B820 (AB@0B><5B@8G5A:0O :>=F5?F8O) 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8. =8 4>;6=K 1K;8 ?5@5A5GLAO 8 459AB28B5;L=> ?5@5A5:;8AL 2 F5=B@0;L=>< 4;O B>9 8 4@C3>9 B5>@88 ?C=:B5  2 2KO2;5=88 A8AB5<>>1@07CNI53> ?@8=F8?0, :>B>@K< >:070;AO ?@8=F8? 45OB5;L=>AB=>3> >?>A@54AB2>20=8O. !8AB5<>>1@07CNI89 ?@8=F8?  MB> B>B >1I89 >1JOA=8B5;L=K9 ?@8=F8?, A ?><>ILN :>B>@>3> >G5@G8205BAO 8 AB@C:BC@8@C5BAO B5>@8O. 5B>4>;>38G5A:0O ACI=>ABL MB>3> ?@8=F8?0 ?@8 ?>AB@>5=88 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8 A>AB>8B 2 B><, GB> >B=>H5=85 >4=>3> G5;>25:0 : 4@C3><C, @02=> :0: 8 >B=>H5=85 @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8 : 53> @57C;LB0BC, <KA;8BAO G5@57 >1@0I5=85 : B@5BL5<C >1J5:BC  ?@54<5B=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, :>B>@0O 2 =081>;55 @0728B>9 A2>59 D>@<5 8<55B A>2<5AB=K9 E0@0:B5@, O2;O5BAO A;54AB285< >1J548=5=8O ;N459 2 B@C45 8 >1I5=88. @8 MB><, >:07K20OAL 8AE>4=> >?>A@54AB2>20==K<8 A>45@60=85< 8 >@30=870F859 A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, <56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=85 8 :0G5AB20 @072820NI59AO ;8G=>AB8 2 A2>N >G5@54L 2>7459AB2CNB =0 55 ?@>F5AA 8 @57C;LB0BK: AC1J5:B  >1J5:B - AC1J5:B=K5 A2O78 2KABC?0NB 2 548=AB25 A AC1J5:B - AC1J5:B - >1J5:B=K<8 :0: 425 AB>@>=K >4=>9 A8AB5<K. =B>;>38G5A:0O <>45;L ;8G=>AB8 @8=F8? 45OB5;L=>AB=>3> >?>A@54AB2>20=8O <568=48284=KE >B=>H5=89 ;8G=>AB8 8 55 @0728B8O O2;O5BAO >1I8< A8AB5<=K< ?@8=F8?>< ?>AB@>5=8O >1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8, 2 :>B>@>< =0E>4OB @50;870F8N >1I5=0CG=K5 <5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@8=F8?K 45B5@<8=87<0, @0728B8O 8 A8AB5<=>AB8. B :>=:@5B=>9 <5B>4>;>388 :0: A8AB5<K ?@8=F8?>2 8 A?>A>1>2 ?>AB@>5=8O B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8 F5;5A>>1@07=> ?5@59B8 : >?8A0=8N 55 >=B>;>38G5A:>9 <>45;8, 2K45;82 >A=>2=K5 :0B53>@88 0=0;870 >1J5:B0 B5>@88 8 ?>:0702 ?@8=F8?K 8E A>>B=5A5=8O, ?>=OB89=K9 0??0@0B. 48=8F0<8 0=0;870 4;O B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8 <>3CB A;C68BL ?>=OB8O «8=48284», «;8G=>ABL», «8=48284C0;L=>ABL», «0:B82=>ABL», «45OB5;L=>ABL», «>1I5=85», «3@C??0», «:>;;5:B82», «A>7=0=85», «@0728B85» (18>35=57 >@30=87<0, 18>A>F8>35=57 8=482840, >=B>35=57 ;8G=>AB8, A>F8>35=57 ;8G=>AB8 2 8AB>@8:>-M2>;NF8>==>< ?@>F5AA5). ;O ?>AB@>5=8O >=B>;>38G5A:>9 <>45;8 ?>ABC;8@C5<>9 >1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 A =5>1E>48<>ABLN 4>;6=K 1KBL C:070=K ?@8=F8?K A>>B=5A5=8O >A=>2=KE :0B53>@89 0=0;870, 8A?>;L7C5<KE 4;O >?8A0=8O 8 ?>=8<0=8O ;8G=>AB8 :0: ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 @50;L=>AB8. 081>;55 >1I8< ?@8=F8?>< A>>B=5A5=8O :0B53>@89, 2E>4OI8E 2 ?>=OB89=K9 0??0@0B B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8, O2;O5BAO ?@87=0=85 548=AB20, => =5 B>645AB20 >1@07CNI8E 53> ?>=OB89=KE ?0@ :0: 548=8F :0B53>@80;L=>3> (745AL <8:@>:0B53>@80;L=>3>) 0=0;870 55 >1I59 :>=AB@C:F88. "0:, ?>=OB85 «8=48284», >1@07CO 548=AB2> A ?>=OB85< «;8G=>ABL», =5 <>65B @0AA<0B@820BLAO :0: 5<C B>645AB25==>5. !0< D0:B ?@87=0=8O 548=AB20, => =5 B>645AB20 MB8E ?>=OB89, 0 A;54>20B5;L=>, AB>OI8E 70 =8<8 >1J5:B>2 0=0;8B8G5A:>3> @0AA<>B@5=8O ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 @50;L=>AB8, ?>@>6405B 7040GC =5 B>;L:> ?>=OBL 8E A>>B=>H5=85 :0: A2>9AB20 (;8G=>AB8) 8 =>A8B5;O MB>3> A2>9AB20 8=482840), => 8 ?>AB028BL @O4 ?@8=F8?80;L=KE <5B>4>;>38G5A:8E ?@>1;5< 8E 2708<>>B=>H5=89, ?>ABC;8@CO, : ?@8<5@C, 845N ?>B@51=>AB8 8 A?>A>1=>AB8 8=482840 «1KBL ;8G=>ABLN». =B>;>38G5A:0O @0AG;5=5==>ABL >1>@0G8205BAO A?5F80;L=>9 <5B>4>;>38G5A:>9 ?@>1;5<>9. @8=F8? 548=AB20, => =5 B>645AB20 >A=>2=KE :0B53>@89 0=0;870 >B=>A8BAO =5 B>;L:> : ?>=OB8O< «8=48284» 8 «;8G=>ABL», => 8 : 4@C38< A>AB02;ONI8< >=B>;>38G5A:>9 <>45;8 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8: ;8G=>ABL  8=48284C0;L=>ABL, 0:B82=>ABL  45OB5;L=>ABL, 3@C??0  :>;;5:B82, 18>35=57  18>A>F8>35=57, >=B>35=57  A>F8>35=57, @0728B85 ;8G=>AB8  @0728B85 A>7=0=8O. B <5B>4>;>38G5A:8E 8 >=B>;>38G5A:8E ?>4E>4>2 A>740=8O B5>@88 A;54C5B ?5@59B8 : 2KO2;5=8N 2>7<>6=>AB59, 70;>65==KE 2 55 8AE>4=KE ?>AK;:0E (?>ABC;0B0E), ?CB5< 2>AE>645=8O >B 01AB@0:B=>3> : :>=:@5B=><C 8 @0728BL A8AB5<C 2708<>A2O70==KE B5>@5B8G5A:8E :>=AB@C:F89 (:>=F5?F89, «B5>@89 A@54=53> C@>2=O»), >1J548=5==KE 8 >1CA;>2;5==KE @0AA<>B@5==K<8 <5B>4>;>38G5A:8<8 8 >=B>;>38G5A:8<8 >A=>20=8O<8. ">;L:> B0:8< >1@07>< <>6=> 2 @0<:0E 2K45;5==KE 2KH5 8AE>4=KE B578A>2 8 <5B>4>;>38G5A:8E ?@8=F8?>2 >E20B8BL <=>3>>1@0785 M<?8@8G5A:8E 40==KE 8 :>=:@5B=KE <5B>4>2 8 <5B>48:, >B=>AOI8EAO : 8AA;54C5<><C ?@54<5BC  ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8, >1>1I8BL A>2>:C?=>ABL CB25@645=89 A 8E 4>:070B5;LAB20<8. !;54C5B 2K45;8BL B@8 0A?5:B0 @0AA<>B@5=8O :>=:@5B=>9 D5=><5=>;>388 ;8G=>AB8, B@8 A2>53> @>40 >=B>;>38G5A:85 <>40;L=>AB8: 55 35=578A, 48=0<8:C A>45@60=8O, AB@C:BC@C, 0 A;54>20B5;L=>, ?>AB@>8BL 8;8 >A2>8BL) :>=F5?F88, :>B>@K5, 8AE>4O 87 ?@8=F8?0 45OB5;L=>AB=>3> >?>A@54AB2>20=8O, >:070;8AL 1K 2 A>AB>O=88 2KOA=8BL 70:>=><5@=>AB8 ?A8E>;>388 ;8G=>AB8, ?@>O2;ONI85AO 2 MB8E 55 0A?5:B0E (<>40;L=>ABOE), >E20B8BL A>>B25BAB2CNI89 M<?8@8G5A:89 <0B5@80;, 2>1@02 2 A51O >B:@K20NICNAO 2 =5< D5=><5=>;>38N, =09B8 8 ?@8<5=8BL 20;84=K5 <5B>4K 53> ?>;CG5=8O, =0 ?@8=F8?80;L=KE >A=>20=8OE >ACI5AB28BL A>>B=5A5=85 A 4@C38<8 A>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:8<8 8 ?5@A>=>;>38G5A:8<8 B5>@8O<8. <5AB5 A B5< =5>1E>48<> 8 2>7<>6=>, @0A:@K2 ;>38G5A:CN 7028A8<>ABL :>=AB@C8@C5<KE :>=F5?F89 4@C3 >B 4@C30, ?@54AB028BL 8E 2 2845 548=>9 B5>@5B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@8 2A59 55 2=CB@5==59 48DD5@5=F8@>20==>AB8. @8 @0AA<>B@5=88 35=578A0 ;8G=>AB8 2K45;ONBAO B@8 <5B>4>;>38G5A:8 >1>A=>20==K5 7040G8: 1) @0AA<>B@5BL @0728B85 8=482840 :0: @57C;LB0B 2708<>459AB28O 35=>B8?0 8 A>F80;L=>9 A@54K 8 B5< A0<K< A>740=85 ?@54?>AK;>: 4;O AB0=>2;5=8O ;8G=>AB8 (CA;>2=> >1>7=0G8< MB>B ?@>F5AA :0: «18>A>F8>35=57»); 2) 8AA;54>20BL @0728B85 ;8G=>AB8 G5;>25:0 2A;54AB285 45OB5;L=>AB=>->?>A@54AB2>20==KE 2708<>>B=>H5=89 A @5D5@5=B=K<8 4;O =55 3@C??0<8 :0: 2 CA;>28OE >B=>A8B5;L=> AB018;L=KE >1I=>AB59, B0: 8 2 >1AB>OB5;LAB20E 2:;NG5=8O 2 @07;8G=K5 @5D5@5=B=K5 3@C??K, 85@0@E8G5A:8 @0A?>;>65==K5 =0 ABC?5=OE >=B>35=570, 8;8 87<5=5=8O ?>78F88 ;8G=>AB8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : MB8< 3@C??0<; 3) 87CG8BL >A>15==>AB8 A>F8>35=570 ;8G=>AB8 8 <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=89, >1CA;>2;5==K5 2:;NG5==>ABLN 2 B@C4>2CN 45OB5;L=>ABL 2 @0<:0E :>=:@5B=>9 A>F80;L=>-M:>=><8G5A:>9 D>@<0F88. !>>B25BAB25==> MB8< 7040G0< @0AA<0B@820NBAO B@8 2708<>A2O70==K5 :>=F5?F88, >B25G0NI85 ?@8=F8?0< >1I5?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 B5>@88 ;8G=>AB8. 5@20O, :>B>@0O CA;>2=> <>65B 1KBL >1>7=0G5=0 :0: ?A8E>35=5B8G5A:0O :>=F5?F8O 8=48284C0;L=>AB8 (=0CG=0O H:>;0 .. "5?;>20), ?@8 8AA;54>20=88 ?@>8AE>645=8O 8=48284C0;L=KE ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 G5;>25:0 2KOA=O5B @>;L 35=>B8?0 8 A@54K 2 8E D>@<8@>20=88, 8A?>;L7CO 3;02=K< >1@07>< 1;87=5F>2K9 <5B>4. #B25@6405BAO, GB> 2 >=B>35=575 ?@>8AE>48B A<5=0 <5E0=87<>2, :>B>@K<8 @50;87CNBAO ?A8E8G5A:85 DC=:F88 8=482840, 0 B0:65 A<5=0 M;5<5=B0@=KE D>@<, 3>A?>4AB2CNI8E =0 @0==8E 53> MB0?0E, A>F80;L=K<8 D>@<0<8, >?>A@54AB2>20==K<8 >1I5=85< 8 45OB5;L=>ABLN @515=:0. @8 MB>< ?@>25@O5BAO ?@>4C:B82=0O 38?>B570, A>3;0A=> :>B>@>9 A> A<5=>9 <5E0=87<>2 ?5@5AB@08205BAO >B=>H5=85 8=48284C0;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 : 35=>B8?C: A 2>7@0AB0=85< 7=0G5=8O A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:8E, A>F80;L=KE ?> A2>5<C ?@>8AE>645=8N D0:B>@>2 A>:@0I05BAO 4>;O 35=5B8G5A:>9 87<5=G82>AB8 2 @0728B88 8=48284C0;L=KE ?> A2>5<C ?@>8AE>645=8N D0:B>@>2, 2 @0728B88 8=48284C0;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:8E >A>15==>AB59 G5;>25:0. /2;ONI0OAO ?@O<K< ?@>4>;65=85< =59@>D878>;>38G5A:>9 :>=F5?F88 D0:B>@>2 8=48284C0;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:8E @07;8G89, @0AA<0B@8205<0O :>=F5?F8O ?> 2A5< ?>78F8O< 4>;6=0 1KBL A>>B=5A5=0 A B5>@8O<8, >B2>4OI8<8 =0A;54AB25==>AB8 @>;L D0B0;L=>3> D0:B>@0, 8 2>>1I5  A @07;8G=K<8 <>48D8:0F8O<8 B5>@88 42CE D0:B>@>2. !2>53> @>40 ?@>4>;65=85< @0AA<>B@5=8O MB>3> :@C30 8459, 5A;8 <5BL 2 284C CA8;5=85 @>;8 A8AB5<>>1@07CNI53> D0:B>@0  45OB5;L=>AB=>3> >?>A@54AB2>20=8O, 2 D>@<8@>20=88 ;8G=>AB8 8=482840 O2;O5BAO :>=F5?F8O @072820NI59AO ;8G=>AB8 (.. 5B@>2A:89).  55 >A=>25 ;568B 845O B@5E D07 AB0=>2;5=8O ;8G=>AB8 2 A>F80;L=>9 A@545 (<8:@>- 8;8 <0:@>A@545)  040?B0F88, 8=48284C0;870F88 8 8=B53@0F88, 2>7=8:=>25=85 8 ?@>B5:0=85 :>B>@KE A2O70=K A =0;8G85< A>F8>35==>9 ?>B@51=>AB8 8=482840 2 ?5@A>=0;870F88 8 A 45OB5;L=>AB=> >?>A@54AB2>20==K<8 2>7<>6=>ABO<8 C4>2;5B2>@OBL 55 2 @5D5@5=B=KE 3@C??0E. 0 >A=>25 40==>9 :>=F5?F88 ?@54;>65=0 2>7@0AB=0O ?5@8>4870F8O @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8, =5 A>2?040NI0O A ACI5AB2>202H8<8 @0=55 :>=F5?F8O<8 ?A8E8G5A:>3> @0728B8O G5;>25:0. "@5BLO 7040G0  ?>=8<0=85 A>F8>35=570  =0E>48B A2>5 2>?;>I5=85 2 8AB>@8:>-M2>;NF8>==>< ?>4E>45 : ?>=8<0=8N ;8G=>AB8 (.. A<>;>2), :>B>@K9, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, 1078@C5BAO =0 ?@8=F8?5 45OB5;L=>AB=>3> >?>A@54AB2>20=8O. B25G0O =0 2>?@>A, ?>A@54AB2>< :0:8E <5E0=87<>2 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO 2:;04 ;8G=>AB8 2 A>F8>:C;LBC@=CN 8AB>@8N, ?@54;0305<K9 ?>4E>4 2K45;O5B 2 :0G5AB25 A8AB5<>>1@07CNI53> >A=>20=8O, >15A?5G820NI53> @0728B85 ;8G=>AB8 8 A?>A>1AB2CNI53> 53> :>=:@5B=>-8AB>@8G5A:>9 A?5F8D8:5 2 B>9 8;8 8=>9 :C;LBC@5, >?>A@54AB2CNI89 D0:B>@  A>2<5AB=CN ?@54<5B=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL. "0:8< >1@07><, 2A5 B@8 @0AA<>B@5==K5 B5>@5B8G5A:85 :>=AB@C:F88 A2O70=K <564C A>1>9 8 >B25G0NB >1I5<C <5B>4>;>38G5A:><C ?@8=F8?C  45OB5;L=>AB=><C >?>A@54AB2>20=8N. .. #7=0475 #!" # '.   *"& & 5B =8G53> E0@0:B5@=55 4;O G5;>25:0, G5< B>B D0:B, GB> >:@C60NI0O 53> 459AB28B5;L=>ABL 2;8O5B =0 =53> 42>O:>  ;81> ?@O<>, ?>AK;0O 5<C @O4 @074@065=89, =5?>A@54AB25==> 459AB2CNI8E =0 =53>, ;81> :>A25==>, G5@57 A;>25A=K5 A8<2>;K, :>B>@K5, A0<8 =5 >1;040O A>1AB25==K< =57028A8<K< A>45@60=85<, ;8HL ?@575=B8@CNB =0< B> 8;8 8=>5 @074@065=85. '5;>25: 2>A?@8=8<05B ;81> ?@O<>5 2>7459AB285 A> AB>@>=K ?@>F5AA>2 A0<>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8, ;81> 2>7459AB285 A;>25A=KE A8<2>;>2, ?@54AB02;ONI8E MB8 ?@>F5AAK 2 A?5F8D8G5A:>9 D>@<5. A;8 ?>2545=85 682>B=>3> >?@545;O5BAO ;8HL 2>7459AB285< 0:BC0;L=>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8, B> G5;>25: =5 2A5340 ?>4G8=O5BAO =5?>A@54AB25==> MB>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8; 1>;LH59 G0ABLN >= @5038@C5B =0 55 O2;5=8O ;8HL ?>A;5 B>3>, :0: >= ?@5;><8; 8E 2 A2>5< A>7=0=88, ;8HL ?>A;5 B>3>. 0: >= >A<KA;8; 8E. !0<> A>1>9 @07C<55BAO, MB> >G5=L ACI5AB25==0O >A>15==>ABL G5;>25:0, =0 :>B>@>9, 1KBL <>65B, 1078@C5BAO 2A5 53> ?@58<CI5AB2> ?5@54 4@C38<8 682K<8 ACI5AB20<8. > 2>7=8:05B 2>?@>A, 2 G5< 70:;NG05BAO MB0 53> A?>A>1=>ABL, =0 G5<, ?> ACI5AB2C, >A=>2K205BAO >=0. !>3;0A=> 2A5<C B><C, GB> <K C65 7=05< >B=>A8B5;L=> G5;>25:0, 5AB5AB25==> ?@8E>48B 2 3>;>2C <KA;L > B>9 @>;8, :>B>@CN <>65B 83@0BL 2 MB>< A;CG05 53> CAB0=>2:0. 5@54 =0<8 AB>8B 7040G0 CAB0=>28BL @>;L 8 <5AB> MB>3> ?>=OB8O 2 687=8 G5;>25:0. A;8 25@=>, GB> 2 >A=>25 =0H53> ?>2545=8O, @072820NI53>AO 2 CA;>28OE =5?>A@54AB25==>3> 2>7459AB28O >:@C60NI59 =0A A@54K, ;568B CAB0=>2:0, B> <>65B 2>7=8:=CBL 2>?@>A. 'B> 65 ?@>8AE>48B A =59 2 4@C3>< ?;0=5  ?;0=5 25@10;L=>9, @5?@575=B8@>20==>9 2 A;>20E 459AB28B5;L=>AB8? 3@05B ;8 8 745AL :0:CN-;81> @>;L =0H0 CAB0=>2:0 8;8 MB0 AD5@0 =0H59 45OB5;L=>AB8 ?>AB@>5=0 =0 A>25@H5==> 8=KE >A=>20=8OE? (& ( 1;0ABL CAB0=>2>: C G5;>25:0. >?CAB8<, GB> 0:B >1J5:B820F88 7025@H8;AO 8 2>7=8:H89 =0 55 1075 ?@>F5AA <KH;5=8O @07@5H8; 7040GC 2> 2?>;=5 >?@545;5==>< A<KA;5. 0 MB8< >1KG=> A;54C5B AB8<C;OF8O CAB0=>2:8, A>>B25BAB2CNI59 @07@5H5==>9 7040G5, 0 70B5< 8 CA8;85 4;O F5;59 55 >ACI5AB2;5=8O, 55 ?@>2545=8O 2 687=L. "0:>2 G8AB> G5;>25G5A:89 ?CBL ?A8E8G5A:>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. >7=8:05B 2>?@>A: =5 AG8B0BL ;8 2 ?@>F5AA5 0:B82=>AB8 ?A8E8G5A:>9 687=8 G5;>25:0 MB>B ?CBL 548=AB25==> =5>1E>48<K< ?CB5<, :>B>@K9 =5 >AB02;O5B 1>;55 <5AB0 4;O =5?>A@54AB25==>9 0:B82=>AB8 CAB0=>2:8? KH5, ?@8 0=0;875 ?@>1;5<K >1J5:B820F88, <K ?@8H;8 : 2K2>4C, GB> AC1J5:B >1@0I05BAO : 55 0:B0< B>;L:> 2 B>< A;CG05, :>340 2 MB>< 2>7=8:05B =5>1E>48<>ABL  :>340 >= AB>8B ?5@54 7040G59, =5 ?>440NI59AO @07@5H5=8N ?>4 =5?>A@54AB25==K< @C:>2>4AB2>< CAB0=>2:8. > 5A;8 MB>3> =5B, 5A;8 7040G0 <>65B 1KBL @07@5H5=0 8 =5?>A@54AB25==>, =0 1075 CAB0=>2:8, B> 2 B0:8E A;CG0OE 2 0:B82=>AB8 >1J5:B820F88 =5B =C64K 8 AC1J5:B >1E>48BAO ;8HL <>18;870F859 A>>B25BAB2CNI8E CAB0=>2>:. >?CAB8<, GB> 7040G0 2?5@2K5 1K;0 @07@5H5=0 =0 1075 >1J5:B820F88.  B0:8E A;CG0OE, ?@8 ?>2B>@=>< 2KABC?;5=88 B>9 8;8 0=0;>38G=>9 7040G8, 2 >1J5:B820F88 =5B 1>;55 =C64K 8 >=0 @07@5H05BAO =0 1075 A>>B25BAB2CNI59 CAB0=>2:8. 07 =0945==0O CAB0=>2:0 <>65B ?@>1C640BLAO : 687=8 8 =5?>A@54AB25==>, ?><8<> 2?5@2K5 >?>A@54>202H59 55 >1J5:B820F88. "0: @0AB5B 8 @0728205B >1J5< CAB0=>2>G=KE A>AB>O=89 G5;>25:0: 2 =53> 2:;NG0NBAO =5 B>;L:> =5?>A@54AB25==> 2>7=8:0NI85 CAB0=>2:8, => 8 B5, :>B>@K5 :>340-B> @0=LH5 1K;8 >?>A@54>20=K 0:B0<8 >1J5:B820F88. @C3 CAB0=>2>: G5;>25:0 =5 70<K:05BAO B0:>3> @>40 CAB0=>2:0<8  CAB0=>2:0<8, >?>A@54>20==K<8 A;CG0O<8 >1J5:B820F88 8 2>7=8:H8<8 =0 55 >A=>25 A>1AB25==K<8 0:B0<8 <KH;5=8O 8 2>;8. !N40 =C6=> >B=5AB8 8 B5 CAB0=>2:8, :>B>@K5 2?5@2K5 :>340-B> 1K;8 ?>AB@>5=K =0 1075 >1J5:B820F88 4@C38E, =0?@8<5@, B2>@G5A:8 CAB0=>2;5==KE AC1J5:B>2, => 70B5< >=8 ?5@5H;8 2 4>AB>O=85 ;N459 2 2845 3>B>2KE D>@<C;, =5 B@51CNI8E 1>;55 =5?>A@54AB25==>3> CG0AB8O ?@>F5AA>2 >1J5:B820F88. ?KB 8 >1@07>20=85, =0?@8<5@, O2;ONBAO 40;L=59H8<8 8AB>G=8:0<8 B0:>3> 65 @>40 D>@<C;. < ?>A2OI05BAO A?5F80;L=K9 ?5@8>4 2 687=8 G5;>25:0  H:>;L=K9 ?5@8>4, 70E20BK20NI89 2A5 1>;55 8 1>;55 7=0G8B5;L=K9 >B@57>: 2@5<5=8 =0H59 687=8. > >1>30I5=85 B0:>3> 65 @>40 A;>6=K<8 CAB0=>2:0<8 ?@>4>;605BAO 8 2 40;L=59H5<  >?KB 8 7=0=85 G5;>25:0 15A?@5@K2=> @0ABCB 8 @0AH8@ONBAO. "0:8< >1@07><, @0AH8@5=85 >1;0AB8 G5;>25G5A:8E CAB0=>2>: 2 ?@8=F8?5 =5 8<55B ?@545;0.  =55 2:;NG0NBAO =5 B>;L:> CAB0=>2:8, @072820NI85AO =5?>A@54AB25==> =0 1075 0:BC0;L=KE ?>B@51=>AB59 8 A8BC0F88 8E C4>2;5B2>@5=8O, => 8 B5, :>B>@K5 2>7=8:0;8 :>340-=81C4L =0 1075 ;8G=> 0:BC0;87>20==KE >1J5:B820F89 8;8 1K;8 >?>A@54>20=K ?@8 A>459AB288 >1@07>20=8O  87CG5=8O 40==KE =0C:8 8 B5E=8:8. (& ( >42545< 8B>38 A:070==><C. 0 G5;>25G5A:>9 ABC?5=8 @0728B8O <K 2AB@5G05<AO A =>2>9 >A>15==>ABLN ?A8E8G5A:>9 0:B82=>AB8, A >A>15==>ABLN, :>B>@CN <K E0@0:B5@87C5< :0: A?>A>1=>ABL >1J5:B820F88. =0 70:;NG05BAO 2 A;54CNI5<: :>340 G5;>25: AB0;:8205BAO 2 ?@>F5AA5 A2>59 0:B82=>AB8 A :0:8<-=81C4L 70B@C4=5=85<, B> >=, 2<5AB> B>3> GB>1K ?@>4>;60BL MBC 0:B82=>ABL 2 B>< 65 =0?@02;5=88, >AB0=02;8205BAO =0 =5:>B>@>5 2@5<O, ?@5:@0I05B 55, A B5< GB>1K ?>;CG8BL 2>7<>6=>ABL A>A@54>B>G8BLAO =0 0=0;875 MB>3> 70B@C4=5=8O. = 2K45;O5B >1AB>OB5;LAB20 MB>3> ?>A;54=53> 87 F5?8 =5?@5@K2=> <5=ONI8EAO CA;>289 A2>59 0:B82=>AB8, 7045@68205B :064>5 87 MB8E >1AB>OB5;LAB2 ?5@54 C<AB25==K< 27>@><, GB>1K 8<5BL 2>7<>6=>ABL 8E ?>2B>@=>3> ?5@56820=8O, >1J5:B828@C5B 8E, GB>1K, =01;N40O 70 =8<8, @5H8BL, =0:>=5F, 2>?@>A > E0@0:B5@5 40;L=59H53> ?@>4>;65=8O 0:B82=>AB8. 5?>A@54AB25==K< @57C;LB0B>< MB8E 0:B>2, 7045@6820NI8E, >AB0=02;820NI8E =0HC 45OB5;L=>ABL, O2;O5BAO 2>7<>6=>ABL 2>A?@87=0=8O 8E :0: B0:>2KE  2>7<>6=>ABL 845=B8D8:0F88 8E: :>340 <K >1J5:B828@C5< GB>-=81C4L, B> MB8< <K ?>;CG05< 2>7<>6=>ABL A>7=020BL, GB> >=> >AB05BAO @02=K< A515 70 2A5 2@5<O >1J5:B820F88, GB> >=> >AB05BAO A0<8< A>1>9. >2>@O :>@>G5, 2 B0:8E A;CG0OE 2ABC?05B 2 A8;C ?@5645 2A53> ?@8=F8? B>645AB20. > MB>3> <0;>! 07 C =0A ?>O2;O5BAO 845O > B>645AB25==>AB8 >1J5:B828@>20==>3> >B@57:0 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 A A0<8< A>1>9, B> =8GB> =5 <5H05B AG8B0BL, GB> <K ?>2B>@=> <>65< ?5@56820BL MBC 459AB28B5;L=>ABL ;N1>5 G8A;> @07, GB> >=0 70 2A5 MB> 2@5<O >AB05BAO @02=>9 A515. -B> A>7405B ?A8E>;>38G5A:8 2 CA;>28OE >1I5AB25==>9 687=8 ?@54?>AK;:C 4;O B>3>, GB>1 >1J5:B828@>20==CN 8, 7=0G8B, B>645AB25==CN A515 459AB28B5;L=>ABL >1>7=0G8BL >?@545;5==K< =08<5=>20=85<, :>@>G5 3>2>@O, MB> A>7405B 2>7<>6=>ABL 70@>645=8O 8 @0728B8O @5G8. 0 1075 >1J5:B828@>20==>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8 8 @072820NI59AO @5G8 @0725@BK205BAO 40;55 8 =0H5 <KH;5=85. -B> >=> ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 <>3CG55 >@C485 4;O @07@5H5=8O 2>7=8:0NI8E ?5@54 G5;>25:>< 70B@C4=5=89, >=> @5H05B 2>?@>A, GB> =C6=> A45;0BL 4;O B>3>, GB>1K CA?5H=> ?@>4>;60BL 40;55 2@5<5==> ?@8>AB0=>2;5==CN 45OB5;L=>ABL. -B> >=> 405B C:070=8O =0 CAB0=>2:C, :>B>@CN =5>1E>48<> 0:BC0;878@>20BL AC1J5:BC 4;O C40G=>3> 7025@H5=8O 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8. > 4;O B>3> GB>1K @50;87>20BL C:070=8O <KH;5=8O, =C6=0 A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:0O A?>A>1=>ABL  A?>A>1=>ABL A>25@H0BL 2>;52K5 0:BK  =5>1E>48<0 2>;O, :>B>@0O A>7405B G5;>25:C 2>7<>6=>ABL 2>7>1=>2;5=8O ?@5@20==>9 0:B82=>AB8 8 =0?@02;5=8O 55 2 AB>@>=C. !>>B25BAB2CNICN 53> F5;O<. "0:8< >1@07><, <K 2848<, GB> 2 A;>6=KE CA;>28OE 687=8 G5;>25:0, ?@8 2>7=8:=>25=88 70B@C4=5=89 8 7045@6:5 2 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8, C =53> 0:B828@C5BAO ?@5645 2A53> A?>A>1=>ABL >1J5:B820F88  MB0 A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:0O A?>A>1=>ABL, =0 1075 :>B>@>9 2>7=8:0NB 40;55 845=B8D8:0F8O, =08<5=>20=85 (8;8 @5GL) 8 >1KG=K5 D>@<K <KH;5=8O, 0 70B5<, ?> 7025@H5=88 <KA;8B5;L=KE ?@>F5AA>2, 8 0:BK 2>;8, A=>20 2:;NG0NI85 AC1J5:B0 2 F5;5A>>1@07=>< =0?@02;5=88 2 ?@>F5AA 2@5<5==> ?@8>AB0=>2;5==>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 8 30@0=B8@CNI85 5<C 2>7<>6=>ABL C4>2;5B2>@5=8O ?>AB02;5==KE 8< A515 F5;59. 1J5:B820F8O  A?5F8D8G5A:8 G5;>25G5A:0O A?>A>1=>ABL, 8 =0 55 1075 ACI5AB25==> CA;>6=O5BAO 8 70?0A D8:A8@>20==KE C G5;>25:0 CAB0=>2>:. C6=> 8<5BL 2 284C, GB> CAB0=>2:0, >?>A@54>20==0O =0 1075 >1J5:B820F88, <>65B 0:B828@>20BLAO ?>2B>@=>, 2 A>>B25BAB2CNI8E CA;>28OE, 8 =5?>A@54AB25==>, 157 =>2>3> CG0AB8O 0:B0 >1J5:B820F88. =0 2ABC?05B 2 :@C3 8<5NI8EAO C AC1J5:B0 CAB0=>2>: 8 2KABC?05B 0:B82=>, =0@O4C A ?@>G8<8 CAB0=>2:0<8, 157 2<5H0B5;LAB20 0:B0 >1J5:B820F88. "0:8< >1@07><, AB0=>28BAO ?>=OB=K<, 4> :0:>9 AB5?5=8 A;>6=K< 8 1>30BK< <>65B A45;0BLAO 70?0A G5;>25G5A:8E CAB0=>2>:, 2:;NG0NI8E 2 A51O 8 B5, :>B>@K5 1K;8 :>340-=81C4L >?>A@54>20=K =0 1075 >1J5:B820F88. 1 A=>2=K5 =0?@02;5=8O ?A8E>;>388 2 :;0AA8G5A:8E B@C40E. 8E528>@87<. #>BA>= 6. A8E>;>38O :0: =0C:0 > ?>2545=88.  .: 000  740B5;LAB2> !" " , 1998.  !. 645 650, 663 672.  K ?@8 MB>< >1AC645=88 =0@CH5=89 =02K:0 ?@54?>;0305<, GB> >@30=8G5A:0O <0H8=0 @01>B05B ?@028;L=> 2 B>< A<KA;5, GB> =5B ?>B5@8 G0AB59, ?>2@5645=89 8;8 >B@02;5=89, >1=0@C68205<KE E8<8G5A:8< 8;8 :;8=8G5A:8< B5AB><.  0A;>C . >B820F8O 8 ;8G=>ABL.  !1: 2@078O, 1999.  !. 224 238.  ! B>G:8 7@5=8O 25G=>AB8 (;0B.).  $@0=:; . '5;>25: 2 ?>8A:0E A<KA;0: !1>@=8:. 5@. A 0=3;. 8 =5<.  .: @>3@5AA, 1990.  !. 24 43.  0: C40;>AL ?>:070BL A ?><>ILN AB0B8AB8G5A:>9 >1@01>B:8 B5AB>2KE 40==KE 80=5 /=3, 48AA5@B0=B:5 C=825@A8B5B0 5@:;8, >ICI5=85 15AA<KA;5==>AB8 7=0G8B5;L=> 1>;LH5 @0A?@>AB@0=5=> A@548 <>;>4KE ;N459, G5< A@548 AB0@H8E. "5< A0<K< ?>4B25@6405BAO =0H0 B5>@8O > B><, GB> CB@0B0 B@048F89 O2;O5BAO >4=>9 87 42CE ?@8G8=, ?>@>640NI8E GC2AB2> A<KA;>CB@0BK; 254L A>3;0A=> MB>9 B5>@88, AB>;L E0@0:B5@=K9 4;O <>;>4568 >B:07 >B B@048F89 =5 <>65B =5 ?>@>640BL 8=B5=A82=>3> @0A?@>AB@0=5=8O >ICI5=8O 15AA<KA;5==>AB8. 1 -B>, A>1AB25==>, =5 4>;6=> =0A C482;OBL, ?>A:>;L:C <K ?@845@68205<AO <=5=8O, GB> 4065 B>B, :B> =0 A>7=0B5;L=>< C@>2=5 =5 @5;838>75=, 2?>;=5 <>65B 1KBL @5;838>7=K< 15AA>7=0B5;L=>, ?CABL 4065 2 B>< A0<>< H8@>:>< ?>=8<0=88 @5;838>7=>AB8, :>B>@>5 8<5; 2 284C, =0?@8<5@, ;L15@B -9=HB59=.  ;?>@B . 8G=>ABL 2 ?A8E>;>388.  .: !+; !1: .25=B0. @8 CG0AB88 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>3> F5=B@0  5=0B> , !1, 1998.  !. 103 112.  %>@=8 . 52@>B8G5A:0O ;8G=>ABL =0H53> 2@5<5=8: !0<>0=0;87: 5@. A 0=3;. .: 740B5;LA:0O 3@C??0  @>3@5AA   #=825@A , 1993  !. 214 220.  $@><< -. A8E>0=0;87 8 MB8:0.  .: 5A?C1;8:0, 1994.  !. 100 104. 2 !@.: Fromm E. Selfishness and Self-Love //Psychiatry, 1939. November. 45AL >BG0AB8 2>A?@>872545=K 8458, 87;>65==K5 2 MB>9 @0==59 AB0BL5. 1 Calvin J. Institutes of the Christian Religion. (Philadelphia, 1928), 2 G0AB=>AB8, :=. III, 3;. 7. !. 619. 0G8=0O A> A;>2  1> 1C45B G5;>25:... ?5@52>4 A45;0= <=>9 A ;0B8=A:>3> 8740=8O: Calvini J. Institutio Christianae Religionis. Berolini, 1935. Par. 1. P. 445. 2 Ibid. Chap. 12. Par. 6. . 681. 3 Ibid. Chap 7. Par. 4. . 622. 4 !;54C5B, >4=0:>, 70<5B8BL, GB> 4065 ;N1>2L : 1;86=5<C  >48= 87 >A=>2>?>;030NI8E 4>3<0B>2 >2>3> 025B0  =5 ?>;CG8;0 C 0;L28=0 A>>B25BAB2CNI53> ?@87=0=8O. /2=> ?@>B82>@5G0 >2><C 025BC, 0;L28= CB25@6405B:  '5<C CG0B AE>;0ABK >B=>A8B5;L=> ?@52>AE>4AB20 <8;>A5@48O =04 25@>9 8 =04564>9, 5ABL ?@>AB> <5GBK @0AAB@>5==>3> 2>>1@065=8O... (Chap. 24. Par. 1.P.531). 1 5A<>B@O =0 ?@87=0=85 NB5@>< 4CE>2=>9 A2>1>4K G5;>25:0, 53> B5>;>38O, 2> <=>38E >B=>H5=8OE >B;8G0NI0OAO >B :0;L28=>2A:>9, ?@>=870=0 B5< 65 C15645=85< 2 15AA8;88 8 =8GB>6=>AB8 G5;>25:0.  !@.: Kant I. Kant's Critique of Practical Reason and Other Works on the Theory of Ethics. New York, 1909. Part. I. Book I. Chap. 1. Par. VIII. Remark II. P. 126. 3 Ibid. !<. >A>15==>: Part I. Book I. Chap. I. P. 186. 4 #:07. A>G.: Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals. Second section. P. 61. 1 Loc. cit. Part I. Book I. Ch. III. P. 165.   ;03> 3>AC40@AB20  2KAH89 70:>= (;0B.). 3 Kant I. Immanuel Kant's Werke (Berlin: Cassirer), 2 G0AB=>AB8  Der Rechtslehre Zweiter Teil I. Abschnitt, par. 49, p. 124, O ?5@52>48; A =5<5F:>3> B5:AB0, ?>A:>;L:C MB0 G0ABL 1K;0 ?@>?CI5=0 2 0=3;89A:>< ?5@52>45  The Metaphysics of Ethics (by I. W. Semple. Edinburgh, 1871). 4 Ibid. P. 126. 5 !@.: Kant 1. Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone. Chicago, 1934. Book I. (!<.: 0=B . 5;838O 2 ?@545;0E B>;L:> @07C<0. '0ABL ?5@20O //"@0:B0BK 8 ?8AL<0.  ., 1980.) 6 'B>1K =5 @074C20BL MBC 3;02C ?> >1J5<C, O >1@0ICAL ;8HL : @0728B8N A>2@5<5==>9 D8;>A>D88. "5, :B> 87CG0; D8;>A>D8N, 7=0NB, GB> 2 MB8:5 @8AB>B5;O 8 !?8=>7K A51O;N185 @0AA<0B@820;>AL :0: 4>1@>45B5;L, 0 =5 3@5E  2 ?@>B82>?>;>6=>ABL 0;L28=C.  Stirner M. The Ego and His Own. London, 1912. P. 339.  4=0 87 D>@<C;8@>2>: MB>3> ?@8=F8?0, : ?@8<5@C, B0:>20:  > :0:8< >1@07>< G5;>25: ?@>68305B 687=L? = A3>@05B, :0: 70665==0O A25G0... 0A;0645=85 687=LN 8AB>I05B 55 . $. -=35;LA OA=> C2845; >4=>AB>@>==>ABL HB8@=5@>2A:>9 D>@<C;8@>2:8 8 ?>?KB0;AO ?@5>4>;5BL =5>?@0240==>5 ?@>B82>?>AB02;5=85 ;N128 : A515 8 ;N128 : 4@C38<.  ?8AL<5 : 0@:AC, 345 >= 0=0;878@>20; :=83C (B8@=5@0. -=35;LA ?8A0;:  A;8, >4=0:>, @50;L=K9 :>=:@5B=K9 G5;>25:  8AB8==0O >A=>20 4;O =0H53> "G5;>25G=>3>" G5;>25:0, B> >G5284=>, GB> M3>87<  8 :>=5G=>, =5 B>;L:> HB8@=5@>2A:89 M3>87< @07C<0, => B0:65 8 M3>87< A5@4F0  MB> >A=>20 =0H59 ;N128 : G5;>25:C (Marx Engels Gecaveltausgaben. Berlin, 1929. . 6).  Nietzsche F. The Will to Power. Edinburgh and London, 1910. Stanzas 246, 326, 369, 373 and 728.  &8B. ?>.: 8FH5 $. !>G.:  2-E BB. ". 2.  ., 1990.  !. 380.  !@.: Morhan G. A. What Nietzsce Means. Cambrige, 1943.  &8B. ?>: 8FH5 $. "0: 3>2>@8; 0@0BCAB@0 // !>G.:  2-E BB. ". 2  ., 1990 . !. 43 44.  Nietsche F. The Will to Power. Stanza 785.  Ibid. Stanza 935.  8FH5 $. "0: 3>2>@8; 0@0BCAB@0. !. 44.  Nietzche F. Thus Spake Zarathustra. New York. P. 102.  Nietzche F. The Twilight of Idols. Edinburgh, 1911. Stanza 35; Ecce Homo. New York, 1911. Stanza 2; Nachlass, Ncitzches Werke (Leipzig: A. Kroener). P. 63-64. 1 0 MB>B <><5=B >1@0B8;8 2=8<0=85 0@5= %>@=8 8 >15@B !. 8=4. (!<.: >3?5C . The Neurotic Personality of Our Time. New York, 1937; Lynd R. S. Knowledge for What? Princeton University Press, 1939.)  !?8=>70. !>G.:  2-E BB. ". 2. -B8:0. 074. IV. "5>@5<0 20.  #8;LO< 659<A >G5=L G5B:> 2K@078; A<KA; MB>3> ?>=OB8O.  'B>1K 701>B8BLAO > A2>5< "/", =04>, GB>1K @8@>40 40;0 53> 2<5AB5 A :0:8<-=81C4L 4@C38< >1J5:B><, 4>AB0B>G=> 4;O <5=O 8=B5@5A=K<, GB>1K 2K720BL C <5=O 8=AB8=:B82=>5 65;0=85 ?@8A2>8BL 53> @048 =53> A0<>3>... >5 A>1AB25==>5 B5;> 8 B>, GB> A;C68B C4>2;5B2>@5=8N 53> ?>B@51=>AB59, 8 2KABC?0NB B0:8< ?@8<8B82=K< 8=AB8=:B82=> >?@545;O5<K< >1J5:B>< <>8E M3>8AB8G5A:8E 8=B5@5A>2. @C385 >1J5:BK <>3CB ?@54AB02;OBL 8=B5@5A ;8HL :0: =5GB> ?@>872>4=>5, 2B>@>AB5?5==>5, 0AA>F88@COAL ;81> A> A@54AB2><, ;81> A ?@82KG=K<8 A>?CBAB2CNI8<8 >1AB>OB5;LAB20<8; 8B0:, A0<K<8 <=>3>>1@07=K<8 A?>A>10<8 ?@8<8B82=0O >1;0ABL M3>8AB8G5A:>3> 8=B5@5A0 <>65B @0AH8@OBLAO, 87<5=OO A2>8 3@0=8FK. >4>1=>3> @>40 8=B5@5A 5ABL 8AB8==>5 7=0G5=85 A;>20 <>9 (mine). A5, GB> >=> 8<55B, 5ABL 5> ipso G0ABL <5=O A0<>3>! (Principles of Psychology. New York, 1896. 2 vols. V. I. P. 319, 324).  4@C3>< <5AB5 659<A ?8H5B:  /A=>, GB> <564C B5<, GB> G5;>25: =07K205B "/" O GB> >= ?>?@>ABC =07K205B "<>5", B@C4=> ?@>25AB8 G5B:CN 3@0=8FC. K >B=>A8<AO : >?@545;5==K< 25I0<, ?@8=04;560I8< =0<, ?>GB8 B0: 65, :0: <K >B=>A8<AO : A0<8< A515. 0H0 @5?CB0F8O, =0H8 45B8, 25I8, A45;0==K5 =0H8<8 @C:0<8,  2A5 MB> <>65B 1KBL AB>;L 65 4>@>3> =0<, :0: 8 A>1AB25==K5 =0H8 B5;0, 8 5A;8 :B>-B> ?>:CH05BAO =0 =8E, MB> 2K7K205B B> 65 GC2AB2> ?@>B5AB0 8 70I8B=K5 459AB28O, :0: 8 2 A;CG05 A ?>:CH5=85< =0 =0H5 B5;>...  =081>;55 2>7<>6=>< H8@>:>< A<KA;5 "/"  MB> A>2>:C?=>ABL 2A53>, GB> G5;>25: <>65B =0720BL "A2>8<",  =5 B>;L:> A2>5 B5;> 8 D878G5A:85 A8;K, => 8 A2>N >4564C, A2>9 4><, A2>N 65=C 8 45B59, A2>8E @>48B5;59 8 4@C759, A2>N @5?CB0F8N 8 @01>BC, A2>N 75<;N 8 ;>H0459, 8 OEBC, 8 AG5B 2 10=:5. A5 MB> 2K7K205B C =53> >4=8 8 B5 65 M<>F88. A;8 >=8 <=>60BAO 8 ?@>F25B0NB, G5;>25: ;8:C5B, 5A;8 >=8 8AB>I0NBAO 8;8 4065 ?>3810NB, >= 2?0405B 2 C=K=85  =5 >1O70B5;L=> A>60;5O 2 @02=>9 <5@5 > :064>9 ?>B5@5, => 2A5 @02=> >48=0:>2> (Ibid. V. I. P. 291 292).  8@0=45;;> 2 A2>8E ?L5A0E ?@5:@0A=> 2K@078; MB>B A<KA; ?>=OB8O  / , 0 B0:65 2KB5:0NI53> 87 =53> ?>=OB8O  A><=5=85-2-A0<><-A515 .  1A5= . 5@ N=B. !>1@. A>G. 2 4-E BB. ". 2. .: A:CAAB2>, 1956. !. 507.  #. 65<A. A8E>;>38O. ., 1991.  .!. >=. B:@KB85  / . ., 1978. 1 ;O >1>7=0G5=8O 40==>3> O2;5=88 2 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 ;8B5@0BC@5 8A?>;L7C5BAO F5;K9 @O4 B5@<8=>2: "845O /", ">1@07 /", "?>=OB85 /", "/ :>=F5?F8O". 4=8 02B>@K C?>B@51;ONB 8E :0: A8=>=8<K, 4@C385 ?KB0NBAO CAB0=>28BL 8E 85@0@E8N ?> AB5?5=8 >1>1I5==>AB8 8 CAB>9G82>AB8: ">1@07 /" >1>7=0G05B =5GB> 7028AOI55 >B A8BC0F88, "?>=OB85 /" <KA;8BAO :0: CAB>9G820O AB@C:BC@0 A0<>A>7=0=8O 8 B. 4. >A:>;L:C 2>7<>6=>ABL AB@>3>3> @073@0=8G5=8O A<KA;0 MB8E B5@<8=>2 ?@54AB02;O5BAO A><=8B5;L=>9, 4;O >1>7=0G5=8O ?@54AB02;5=89 8=482840 > A0<>< A515 2 40;L=59H5< 87;>65=88 <K 1C45< ?>;L7>20BLAO A>18@0B5;L=K< B5@<8=>< ">1@07 /".  .. =4@5520. !>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O. .: AB>:-@5AA, 1998. !. 89-99.  . >1@>28G. 1I5=85: =0C:0 8 8A:CAAB2>. .: "  /C70 , 1996. !. 53-65. 71-75.  45AL 8 40;55 D@070, 27OB0O 2 A:>1:8, <>65B 1KBL  ?@>87=5A5=0 ;81> ?@> A51O, ;81> >A>1>9 8=B>=0F859, 273;O4><, <8<8:>9.  .. 1>7>2. 56;8G=>AB=K5 >B=>H5=8O. .: #, 1979. !. 11-24.  -:A?5@8<5=B0;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O. />4 @54. . $@5AA0 8 . 8065. ., 1975. !. 61.   =0H59 @01>B5 ?>4@>1=> 1C4CB @0AA<0B@820BLAO B>;L:> 4@C65A:85 8 AC?@C65A:85 >B=>H5=8O. 45AL 65 <K >AB0=02;8205<AO =0 MB8E G5BK@5E B8?0E <56;8G=>AB=KE >B=>H5=8OE A F5;LN ;CGH53> ?>=8<0=8O 4@C65A:8E 8 AC?@C65A:8E >B=>H5=89.  5B@>2A:89 .., (?0;8=A:89 .. !>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O :>;;5:B820. ., 1978. !. 65.  Slater P. E. Poll differentiation in small groups.  In: Small groups. Studies in social interaction. Ed. by P. Hare.E. Borgalta, R. Bales. New York, 1962.  $54>B>20 . $. $>@<8@>20=85 7=0=89 4@C3 > 4@C35 C CG0AB=8:>2 A>2<5AB=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. 2B>@5D. :0=4. 48A. ., 1973.  C7L<8= . !. A=>2K A>F80;L=>9 ?A8E>;>388. .. 1967; >;:>20 . . AA;54>20=85 ;845@AB20 :0: DC=:F8O 3@C??>2KE 7040G.   :=.: -:A?5@8<5=B0;L=0O 8 ?@8:;04=0O ?A8E>;>38O. ., 1971; 8:5;L=8:>20 . .  =5:>B>@KE >A>15==>ABOE A0<>>F5=>:, >F5=>: 2 ?@>872>4AB25==KE :>;;5:B820E.   :=.: '5;>25: 8 >1I5AB2>. K?. 4. ., 1969. !. 48-52.  !25=F8F:89 .. !>F80;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O C?@02;5=8O ?@>872>4AB25==K<8 :>;;5:B820<8. ., 1971; 5=4>2 .. !>F80;L=>-?A8E>;>38G5A:>5 8AA;54>20=85 ;845@AB20 2 <0;KE 3@C??0E (=0 <0B5@80;5 H:>;L=KE 3@C??). 2B>@5D. :0=. 48A. ., 1973.  "5>@8O %0945@0 8 LN:><0 ?@82>48BAO ?>: Taylor . F. Balance and change in two person group.  Sociometry, 1967, vol. 30, Sept., p. 262-279.  Newcomb ". . The prediction of interpersonal attraction.  The American Psychologist, 1956, vol. 11, N 11.  Newcomb ". . Stabilities underlying change in interpersonal attraction.  J. Abnormal Social Psychology, 1963, vol. 66. N 5. p. 480-488.  Taylor . F. Balance and change in two person group.  Sociometry, 1956, vol. 30. N 3, Sept., p. 262-279.  Broxton D. A. A test of interpersonal attraction predictions derived from balance theory.  J. Abnormal Social Psychology, Vol. 66, 1963, N 44, p. 394-397.  C3?5 G. L. Effectance aronsal and attraction.  J. Personality and Social Psychology, 1967, vol. 638, Aug., p. 1-18. 2 C3?5 G. L; Attitudes and attraction.  Advance in Experimental Social Psychology, New York. 1969, vol. 4, p. 35-89. 3 Taylor S. E., Mettel V. R. When similarity breeds contempt.  J. Personality and Social Psychology, 1971, vol. 20, N 1, Oct.  Nowak D. W. a. Lerner . Y. Rejection as consequence of perceived similarity.  J. Personal and Social Psychology, 1968, vol. 9, p. 147-152.  Lerner . Y., Sherer W. C. Similarity and attraction in social context.  J. Personality snd Social Psychology, 1967, vol. 5, N 4, p. 481-486.  AB2C4 B20B5@. / 20A A;CH0N. !>25BK @C:>2>48B5;N, :0: ?@028;L=> A;CH0BL A>15A54=8:0. .: -:>=><8:0, 1988. !. 64-74.  A=>2C @01>BK «8G=>ABL 8 CA;>28O 55 @0728B8O 8 74>@>2LO» A>AB02;O5B @5GL, ?@>87=5A5==0O CG5=K< 4 A5=BO1@O 1905 3. =0 II AJ5745 @CAA:8E ?A8E80B@>2 2 8525.  MB>9 @01>B5 5EB5@52 405B >?@545;5=85 ;8G=>AB8 A >?>@>9 =0 ?>=OB85 «>B=>H5=8O G5;>25:0», @0AA<0B@8205B H8@>:89 ?5@5G5=L D0:B>@>2 @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8, 2:;NG0O ?@8@>4=CN 8 A>F80;L=CN A@54C. >AB0B>G=> 45B0;L=> 5EB5@52 >1AC6405B 2>?@>A > =5>1E>48<>AB8 A>740=8O 1;03>?@8OB=KE A>F80;L=>-M:>=><8G5A:8E 8 38385=8G5A:8E CA;>289 ?>;=>F5==>3> @0728B8O ;8G=>AB8, A>E@0=5=8O ?A8E8G5A:>3> 74>@>2LO.  2545=85 : ?OB>9 G0AB8 «A=>2 >1I59 ?A8E>;>388». "5:AB 405BAO ?> :=835: «A=>2K >1I59 ?A8E>;>388». !1.: 8B5@, 1998.  "5@<8= «A2>9AB20» C?>B@51;O5BAO 745AL 2 H8@>:>< A<KA;5, :0: >1>7=0G0NI89, =0@O4C A E0@0:B5@>;>38G5A:8<8 G5@B0<8, B0:65 CAB0=>2:8 8 =0?@02;5==>AB8 ;8G=>AB8, B.5. 2A5, GB> =5?>A@54AB25==> >?@545;O5B 55 ?A8E8G5A:89 >1;8:. (@8<. !.. C18=HB59=0).  !B0BLO >?C1;8:>20=0 2 A1>@=8:5 «5B>4>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K ?A8E>=52@>;>388» (1966). "5:AB 405BAO ?> :=835 «A8E>;>38O >B=>H5=89», >A:20  >@>=56, 1995. !. 48-53.  >=OB85 «AC1J5:B82=K9» 8<55B 2 ?A8E>;>388 @O4 7=0G5=89.  40==>< :>=B5:AB5 ?>4 AC1J5:B82=K< 8<55BAO 2 284C ?@8=04;56=>ABL AC1J5:BC  ACI5AB2C, A?>A>1=><C ?@>O2;OBL 0:B82=>ABL, =0?@02;5==CN =0 >1J5:B, ?@54<5B (<0B5@80;L=K9 8;8 8450;L=K9). @><5 B>3>, AC1J5:B82=K9  7=0G8B ?@8AB@0AB=K9, ?@>872>4OI89 2K1>@ ?>4 2;8O=85< A>1AB25==KE ?>B@51=>AB59 8 8=B5@5A>2.  $@03<5=B ?OB>9 3;02K «5OB5;L=>ABL 8 ;8G=>ABL» 87 :=838 «5OB5;L=>ABL. !>7=0=85. 8G=>ABL». ., 1975. !. 175-188.  !<.: . !M2. 0@:A87< 8 B5>@8O ;8G=>AB8. ., 1972. !. 413.  !.. C18=HB59=. @8=F8?K 8 ?CB8 @0728B8O ?A8E>;>388. !. 118.  Post faktum (;H0B.)  1) ?>A;5 B>3>, :0: A>1KB85 ?@>87>H;>; 2) ?> >B=>H5=8N : ?@>H;><C, C65 A;CG82H5<CAO; 704=8< G8A;><.  $@03<5=B 3;02K «0B53>@8O ;8G=>AB8» (=0?8A0=0 .. 5B@>2A:8<) 87 :=838 .. 5B@>2A:>3> 8 .. /@>H52A:>3> «A=>2K B5>@5B8G5A:>9 ?A8E>;>388». ., 1998. !. 257-261.  $@03<5=BK @01>BK #7=0475: -:A?5@8<5=B0;L=K5 >A=>2K ?A8E>;>388 CAB0=>2:8. 1949. "5:AB 87405BAO ?> 8740=8N: A8E>;>38G5A:85 8AA;54>20=8O. ., 1966. !. 248, 289-292.     =;09= 81;8>B5:0 http://www.koob.ru !0<>C2065=85 = !8<?0B8O 0) 1>;LH0O 1) <5=LH0O >4>185 ( :>=B@0AB  /-:>=F5?F89 42CE ?0@B=5@>2, 254CI8E A51O ?@8 2708<>459AB288  ?@8OB=K< >1@07>< >4>185 ( :>=B@0AB  /-:>=F5?F89 ?0@B=5@>2, 254CI8E A51O ?@8 2708<>459AB288  =5?@8OB=K< >1@07>< 56;8G=>AB=0O ?@82;5:0B5;L=>ABL (2708<=K5 A8<?0B88 8 ?@8BO65=85) >;>68B5;L=K9 M<>F8>=0;L=K9 D>= >B=>H5=89   ?@8OB=>5 ?>2545=85 4@C3>3> !E>4AB2> 3;02=KE 8 @07;8G8O 2B>@>AB5?5==KE :0G5AB2 2  /-:>=F5?F8OE !E>4AB2> CAB0=>2>: 8  /-:>=F5?F89 45:20B=>5 2>A?@8OB85 ?>;>68B5;L=KE 8 >B@8F0B5;L=KE ;8G=>AB=KE G5@B #A;>28O A>B@C4=8G5AB20 ”ˆ¦ˆ¨ˆÞˆàˆ&‰\‰œ‰ĉü‰ŠŠþŒ †“d™Ð¤N®~¯ê³Ö·ºööööêêêêêÓÓÊÊÊÊÊÊʽ½½½ „(„7^„(`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,$„„À„7dð]„^„À`„7a$gd€\, $„^„a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,Úˆ܈ÞˆàˆŠ,ŽÀt‘”‘”’²’Ì“”~•’•È•Þ•¢—¤—j§r§¶¶¶·¸·lÁ€Á`ÆdÆZÇ^ÇbÇjÇFÔHÔ”Õ°ÕŽá á.ã0ã^ã‚ãŠãŒã¢ã¦ã åºåZòzò6þpþ6ÿ8ÿFNàît Œ n²îþf¶,B^t& îãß×ßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÉßÉßÐßÁߺÁºßÉßÐßÐߺßÐߺÁºßÐßÐßÐßÉßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐßÐß h€\,h€\,h€\,mH sH  h€\,5\ h€\,6]h€\,CJaJh€\,h€\,5CJ \aJ !jh€\,0J5CJ U\aJ Iº–¼®À€ÌøÏ2Ò¤ÖÒÚ:á4ìlóÞü–,ÄZ& ª#<(F4Ô=°@ìA²DöööéééééöéöööööéöÜÜööÏÏÏ „x„7^„x`„7gd€\, „P„7^„P`„7gd€\, „(„7^„(`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,& T Þ#þ#ì%&¶'Ê'Ì:Ð:\@\\rftfòhi0t`t‡"‡Ò‡Ô‡"‰P‰”‘B§^§:¼x¼`Ä ÄÌ(ÌÎÎÏϸáÐáÖáîá æ¸æ0êRêÄíùõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõëõãØùͼõµõ­õùõùõùõµõùõµõùõµõùõùõùõùõùõùõùõµõjæh€\,U h€\,5\!jh€\,0J5CJ U\aJ h€\,5CJ \aJ h€\,6CJ]aJh€\,CJaJjh€\,0JUh€\, h€\,6]D²DìGòJvL@RàYÔ[Ö[Ø[ø[ú[@\B\’\‚]rfvfìfòòééééÚÉéé·¬¬éé¡– „7¤`„7gd€\, „7¤´`„7gd€\, „7¤x`„7gd€\,$„È„7¤P]„È`„7a$gd€\,$„dð¤Ì]„a$gd€\,„(„7¤^„(`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „x„7^„x`„7gd€\,ìf$j¸kobtüþ„þ†‰@Œ”–Ø ‘š˜¤¥:¼z¼âÃÐÊŠÕ:ÚÎߊå0êTêÄíôëëëëëëëëëëëëëëëàëëëëëëëàë „7¤x`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤È`„7gd€\,ÄíÆíÈíþíîîï"ï@ðXð@ùRùZú\ú^ú`úxúžú ú¢úÀúŽûûšû ûºûÀûîûøûvý€ýþ&þÒþæþnÿpÿ *    ¨ ô < r \ j z Œ ¾  â! ô! ô( F) ò* + (9 f9 À: Â: Ä: ÷óèàÙóÙóÙóÙóÙóàÑƵó®ó¦óÙóÙóÙóÙóÙó®óžó®óÙó®ó®óÙóÙóÙóÙó®óÙó®ó®ójÑGh€\,Uj]Ah€\,U h€\,5\!jh€\,0J5CJ U\aJ h€\,5CJ \aJ h€\,CJaJ h€\,6]h€\,CJaJh€\,6CJ]aJh€\,j]+h€\,U=ÄíÈíîZú^ú`úxú¢úÂúŽû’ûîûvýÒþèþnÿrÿôéÞÙÀµ§Þžž—žžŒžž „7¤x`„7gd€\,¤ðgd€\,„7`„7gd€\, $„7¤ `„7a$gd€\, „7¤€`„7gd€\,„7„„íÿ„¤&`#$+Dx€.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,gd€\, „7¤Ü`„7gd€\, „7¤ `„7gd€\, „7¤´`„7gd€\,rÿtÿ¶ ‚  , ž  ¨ ö î < t X ¶ \ ®  ! þ" d$ Ê& 2( òçÞÞÓÞÞÞÈÞÞ½ÞÞÞÞÞÞÞÞÞÞ „7¤P`„7gd€\, „7¤x`„7gd€\, „7¤d`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤´`„7gd€\, Æ„7`„7gd€\,2( ô( H) Ä+ †. $1 3 ^5 6 6 6 ž6 07 Â7 V8 (9 h9 À: Ä: È: Ê: öëööööööööööàààëöÔ½¯ $„7¤P`„7a$gd€\,„7„ùó„¡&`#$+Dx….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, $„7`„7a$gd€\, „7¤Œ`„7gd€\, „7¤x`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,Ä: Æ: Œ= = ’= ”= ®> ¶> ¸> à> â> ä> æ> ¦@ ª@ ¬@ ®@ °@ A "A (A *A pB rB tB vB xB zB .D 2D 4D 6D ÔD E "E ÷óìóäóìÜóÑÉÜ󻳧³óìóìó–~vk~óìócóX»h€\,6CJ]aJjÃfh€\,Uh€\,mHnHsHujÛ_h€\,U/h€\,5CJOJQJ\^JaJmHnHsHu h€\,5CJOJQJ\^JaJj%Zh€\,CJUaJh€\,CJaJh€\,56CJ\]aJjÂUh€\,Uj{|©E h€\,UVjh€\,Uj‚Qh€\,U h€\,5\h€\,j›Kh€\,U"Ê: V; Ä; Œ= ’= –= ˜= 6> ®> ¶> è> ê> v? â? ¤@ ¦@ ööëÝÄ«öö«öö’’ „7¤ `„7gd€\, $„7¤`„7a$gd€\,„7¤´„!ô„&`#$+D<….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7¤´„5ô„ù&`#$+D….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, $„7¤´`„7a$gd€\, „7¤´`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,¦@ ¬@ °@ ²@ PA ÈA pB tB xB zB C °C ,D .D 4D ôÜÓÓÓÓźºÓÓÓ¤– $„7¤T`„7a$gd€\,„7„íÿ„)& +D….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, „7¤x`„7gd€\, $„7¤x`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,„7¤ð„ÿ„=& +D$„.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, „7¤ð`„7gd€\,4D 8D ÔD E E $E &E *E ,E ¤E F ‚F ŠG ŒM >P „P âQ ìQ çÞÓÓÓÓ»ÞÞÞÞ°°Þ¥Þ™ $„7`„7a$gd€\, „7¤ð`„7gd€\, „7¤Œ`„7gd€\,„7¤<„õ „Ý& +Dt„.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, „7¤<`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,„7¤T„õ „)& +D….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,"E &E (E *E ÔG ôG ˆN ¦N >P ‚P âQ êQ ìQ îQ $S (S ,S .S ¦T ªT èU êU ìU îU îV ðV ôV öV W W W W Z Z Z [ [ [ "[ ä] ì] ¶^ ü^ Î` a .c Xc |e „e ˆe Še Lf Nf äf èf ìf õéáÝÖÝÖÝÏÝÏÝÇÝÏÝ¿ÝÖÝÏÝ·ÝÏÝÏÝÏݯÝϧÝÏÝŸÝÖÝÖÝÖÝÏÝÏÝ—ÝÝÏÝjh€\,0JUj†˜h€\,Uj|‘h€\,Ujœ‹h€\,UjÞ„h€\,Uj˜€h€\,UjZzh€\,Uj¹sh€\,U h€\,5\ h€\,6]h€\,h€\,CJaJjÃlh€\,CJUaJh€\,6CJ]aJ7ìQ ðQ zR $S *S ,S 0S ¼S T èU ìU ðU òU ~V W èèèÎè·®®£•|®®®„7¤Ü„åó„1&`#$+DØ„.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, $„7¤Ü`„7a$gd€\, „7¤Ü`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,„7„qô„Á&`#$+Dx….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,$„7„Ñó„i&`#$+D†.„(/„P0$`„7a$gd€\,„7„Ñó„i&`#$+D†.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,W W W W ~W êW XY Z Z "Z †Z [ [ [ $[ ˜[ öêÓööÈöº¯ööꙂö„7„¥ „¡&`#$+D ….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7„- „)& +Dˆ„.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, „7¤ð`„7gd€\, $„7¤ð`„7a$gd€\, „7¤ `„7gd€\,„7„åó„U&`#$+D….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, $„7`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,˜[ \ „] Ö_ .c Zc |e ~e †e ˆe Œe Že Pf âf äf êf ìf öëööàöÔÔ½½½½½½£½$„7„!ô„¥&`#$+Dd….„(/„P0$`„7a$gd€\,„7„!ô„¥&`#$+Dd….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, $„7`„7a$gd€\, „7¤Ü`„7gd€\, „7¤ð`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,ìf îf ˆh Žh h ’h ài èi êi ìi ¬k ®k èm îm ðm òm o "o &o (o ªr ìr Ôx òx :y Ty Zy xy ¸ Ð 0€ >€ „ „ „ „ ¼• Ø• h˜ x˜ ê³ ì³ xµ zµ \¼  ¼  Â ¤Â ¦Â ¾Â À ê ÷óìóäóìóÜóìóìóÔóìóÌóÅóìóÅóÅóÅóÅóìóìóÅóÅó½óµóÅó­©›“ˆhHÒ5CJ \aJ hHÒCJaJhHÒ56CJ\]aJhHÒh€\,mH sH jþÉh€\,Uj¢Áh€\,U h€\,6]jLºh€\,Uj³²h€\,UjI¬h€\,Uj¿¥h€\,U h€\,5\h€\,jžh€\,U3ìf ðf Ðg ˆh h ”h Ni ài êi îi äj rk èm ðm èèèη®®¢®®®—‰ $„7¤ `„7a$gd€\, „7¤ `„7gd€\, $„7`„7a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,„7„•ó„Å&`#$+D†.„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,$„7„Ñó„Q &`#$+D ….„(/„P0$`„7a$gd€\,„7„Ñó„Q &`#$+D ….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\, ðm ôm ®n o o $o &o *o ,o Žo p Àt Ôx ôx ˆ{ æÏϵµæœ‘ˆˆ‘ˆ}ˆ „7¤d`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤Ü`„7gd€\,„7¤ „- „% &`#$+D….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,$„7„U „¡&`#$+Dd….„(/„P0$`„7a$gd€\,„7„U „¡&`#$+Dd….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7¤ „U „¡&`#$+Dd….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,ˆ{ | t| N} ¸ 0€ : Ž ‚ œ‚ ®ƒ °… æ… Œ† r‰ R ¼• h˜ ä™ ž Zž ¾ž VŸ П 4  Þ  L¡ è¡ b¢ ööñöööööööööööööööööññññññññgd€\,„7`„7gd€\,b¢ ¼¢ p¤ (¨ X« ~³ ê³ î³ ð³ µ tµ vµ xµ |µ ~µ ¶ j¶ –¶ *· úñññññÚÁÁÁÚÚªŸŸñññ „7¤Œ`„7gd€\,„7„Ñó„m&`#$+Dx….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7¤Œ„ùó„¡&`#$+D ….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7„ùó„¡&`#$+D ….„(/„P0$`„7gd€\,„7`„7gd€\,gd€\,*· θ š» .½  Â ¢Â ¤Â ¦Â À î äÉ pÕ Xá ç ²ë pí êï ¸þ ˜ < ôëëëééàѳªªªªªªªªª„7`„7gdHÒ„øÿ„7¤P]„øÿ`„7gdHÒ$„1ú¤´@&]„1úa$gdHÒ$„¾ú¤ð@&]„¾úa$gdHÒ ÆÈgdHÒ„7`„7gd€\, „7¤Œ`„7gd€\,ê ì î ®Ã °Ã ¢Ð ¤Ð ¦Ð ¨Ð jÕ lÕ Rá Tá dê fê ôò öò võ xõ ¾ À ö ú X \ Z \ ^ z R! T! V! Ì! Î! Ð! Ò! î! " ¶" ¸" æ" î" V# Z# x# îæâØâÑâÑâØâØâØâØâØâØâÊâÊâ¾â¶«œŽ«¶‚zpÑâÊâÊâÊâh›-ihHÒ5\hHÒmH sH jÄàhHÒCJUaJh›-ihHÒ5CJ\aJhHÒ5CJ\aJmH sH hHÒ5CJ\aJhHÒCJaJj!ÒhHÒCJUaJ hHÒ6] hHÒ5\jhHÒ0JUhHÒhHÒCJ aJ !jhHÒ0J5CJ U\aJ ,< b À Z ^ h z P! Î! Ò! " ò# 2% ¨* , x. öööÞÊ´Ê……ööööö„,¤´„¥ „Ý& +D”‡.„(/„P0$`„,gdHÒ$„‘ „¥„´ & +DX.„(/„P0$a$gdHÒ¤x„‘ „¥„´ & +DX.„(/„P0$gdHÒ„‘ „¥„´ & +DX.„(/„P0$gdHÒ„,¤´„i „y& +DT†.„(/„P0$`„,gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒx# z# †# ˆ# ”# œ# ž# ¨# ª# ð# ò# Ž$ ’$ °$ ²$ ¾$ À$ Ð$ Ò$ Ü$ Þ$ 0% 2% T& V& Ö' Ø' v) x) È) Ê) t* x* ¦* ¨* Ž, , v. x. / / / v/ |/ ¨/ ®/ Ö/ ä/ è/ ê/ î/ 80 @0 B0 f1 h1 â1 æ1 4 4 &4 *4 64 84 T4 V4 ¨5 ª5 Ð7 Ò7 Ô7 Ö7 l9 n9 ê: ; ‚; „; ˜; ¨; x< |< õñêñêàñêñÙñêñõñêñõñêñÙñÏñÙñêñêñêñÙñÙñÙñêñõñêñêñêàõàñêàñêñêñêñêñêñêñÏñÙñÙñÏñêñêñêñêjhHÒ0JU h›-ihHÒh›-ihHÒ6] hHÒ6]hHÒhHÒ6]mH sH Rx. B0 ? bG ˜[ Ö\ Ú\ ä\ ð\ ò\ ô\ ö\ ú\ þ\ ] ] ] ] ] ] ] F^ Äg ¤q îv Öx "{ | ööööööööööööööööööéöööööööö $„7@&`„7a$gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒ|< ’< ”< Ð> Ò> 8? :? Š? Œ? Ž? ? Ž@ @ D "D ~D €D ªD ¬D ÎD ÐD þD E `G bG @H BH ¤I ¦I ¬S ®S T T 8[ :[ >[ @[ –[ ˜[ Ô\ Ö\ Ø\ Ú\ â\ ä\ î\ ö\ ø\ ú\ ü\ ] ] 6a 8a \i ^i Êw Òw †• ˆ• Œ• ”• –• œ•  • ¢• ¤• ®• Z– l– .  B  D  üõüõüõüëüäüëüõüõüõüõüõüäüëüëüëüäüÝüÝüäüäÏäÏäÏüÏüÏüÝüëüëüõüÏüÏüÏüÏüÏüÝüļhHÒCJaJhHÒ6CJ]aJjhHÒUmHnHu hHÒ5\ h›-ihHÒjhHÒ0JU hHÒ6]hHÒH| à Z€  ê Ô‚ ”… ˆ ~ J” †• Š• Œ• –• ž•  • ¤• °• ²• ´• ¶• ¸• ööÙÙÙÙÙ¼ööööööööööööö$ & F Æh„„71$7$8$^„`„7a$gdHÒ$ & F ÆŸ„„71$7$8$^„`„7a$gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒ¸• X– Z– l– n– ™ *  ,  .  D  p  þ¥ 4¦ d§ z² (µ ®¼ (Á XÁ ööéööäääÝÒǼ±öööö¢$„@¤@&^„@a$gdHÒ „7¤x`„7gdHÒ $¤@&a$gdHÒ „7¤P`„7gdHÒ $¤´@&a$gdHÒ¤lgdHÒgdHÒ $„7@&`„7a$gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒD  l  n  þ¥ 2¦ ª ª ª ª (Á VÁ ä× ì× ZØ dØ ¼Ù àÙ Îë þë ¢ü ºü H J N P z ®   0& 2& ¬+ æ+ A A A $A &A HA pA rA vA D "D °D ²D E œG žG I "I $I &I ¤I ¦I *J ,J àJ õäàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÙàÑÉžŷ©·Å£Å£Å£Å£ÅœÅ•Å£Å£Å j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-iNHjh›-i0J5CJ U h›-i5CJ h›-i6CJh›-ihHÒmH sH h€\,mH sH  hHÒ5\hHÒ!jhHÒ0J5CJ U\aJ hHÒ5CJ \aJ :XÁ là 2Ä –Å \Æ 2Ç àÇ ”È Ö ¼Ù âÙ Vß tã bé Îë ì Øî ò tõ ò÷ .û ôççççÚÚÏÏÀôô··¬ôô··· $¤ð@&a$gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒ$„€¤ð@&^„€a$gdHÒ „7¤È`„7gdHÒ „7„Åü^„7`„ÅügdHÒ „X„üþ^„X`„üþgdHÒ „7¤x`„7gdHÒ.û ¢ü ¼ü ¸ý ô ì r ì Ô z ° ¶ þ ü 0 H R :! Z' ’( ¬+ è+ öçÜööööööÍÜÜÄööööööö¹ $¤@&a$gdHÒ„P`„PgdHÒ$„(¤@&^„(a$gdHÒ „7¤x`„7gdHÒ$„(¤@@&^„(a$gdHÒ„7`„7gdHÒè+ ~- „1 œ7 ˆ= A A A $A &A HA tA vA âE ’F (I fJ øK ÒN ÔP ªS 6U ðW ôëëëëééäÜ×ÏÏʾ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾ $„7`„7a$gd›-igd›-i$a$gd›-igd›-i$a$gd›-igd›-i„7`„7gdHÒ „7¤x`„7gdHÒàJ âJ N N bP dP ÚP äP æP ZQ \Q ìQ îQ xR zR þR S (T *T ²T ´T ¶U ¸U ŠY ŒY Z Z \ \ ’\ ”\ ô\ ö\ ] ] $] "_ $_ Æ` È` Þa àa âd äd žg  g *h ,h °h ²h Ài Âi bk dk m m ”m –m ¢n ¤n Bu Du Êu Ìu rw tw 0z 2z ºz ¼z P{ R{ ò| ô| z} |} ~ ~ " $ ¬ úöúöúöîçöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöàÙËÙöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöjh›-i0J5CJ U h›-i5CJ h›-i6CJ h›-ih›-ih›-imH sH h›-i h›-iNHPðW †[ Î\ Ð\ Ò\ Ô\ ô\ ö\ "] $] ¦^ >b @i †r Ê ˆ‹ à– Ô— Pž *¤ ¸¦ Z« س È´ `º ¿ óóóóóîæÞÞÙóóóóóóóóóóóóóóógd›-i$a$gd›-i$a$gd›-igd›-i $„7`„7a$gd›-i¬ ® d f î ð |‚ ~‚ ƒ ƒ ˜ƒ šƒ ´„ ¶„ Ä… Æ… º† ¼† D‡ F‡ `ˆ bˆ ìˆ îˆ ‹ ‹ ( * LŽ NŽ ÜŽ ÞŽ „ † &’ (’ R” T” Þ” à” h• j• ò• ô• €– ‚– Η З R˜ T˜ Ú˜ ܘ b™ d™ î™ ð™ › › 6 8 Êž Ìž VŸ XŸ z  |  œ¡ ž¡ *¢ ,¢ Ì¥ Î¥ § ħ N¨ P¨ Þ¨ ਠ~ª €ª « « Ü« Þ« x­ z­ ”® –® "¯ $¯ °¯ ²¯ :° <° úöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöìöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöújh›-i0JUh›-i h›-iNH]<° R± T± à± â± ì² î² Fµ Hµ T¶ V¶ ܶ Þ¶ º º ô» ö» ”½ –½ ¾ ¾ À À ¾À ÀÀ LÁ NÁ î ð zà |Ã Ä Ä Å Å "Ç $Ç ZÉ \É pÊ rÊ àÊ âÊ äÊ æÊ jË lË ôË öË (Î *Î °Î ²Î ÐÏ ÒÏ Ò Ò  Ò ¢Ò ¸Ó ºÓ BÔ DÔ âÕ äÕ žØ  Ø ÒÚ ÔÚ ˆÛ ŠÛ ØÜ ÚÜ dÝ fÝ €Þ ‚Þ ß ß ˜ß šß à "à Îà Ðà üá þá ã 㠜㠞ã $ä &ä üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüïüèüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüö j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-iNHh›-i\¿ BÀ ˆÅ èÊ ,Ò Û ØÛ èà :æ dë î Nð Pð Rð lð nð –ð Îð Ðð ù Pý óóóóóãÌÇóóóó󺵭­ÇÇ$a$gd›-igd›-i$a$gd›-igd›-igd›-i$ & F ÆŸ„„7^„`„7a$gd›-i$ Ærÿ„7`„7a$gd›-i $„7`„7a$gd›-i&ä ¬ä ®ä ºæ ¼æ ðè òè Ší Œí Žî î lð nð –ð Êð Ìð Ðð Üñ Þñ jò lò ~ó €ó ô ô Œô Žô ®ô °ô ¨õ ªõ ´ö ¶ö >÷ @÷ È÷ Ê÷ Rø Tø Àû Âû Nü Pü Ðý Òý äþ æþ pÿ rÿ üÿ þÿ „ † 2 4 º ¼ X Z h j   ” –   ” – ´ ¶ @ B Ð Ò X Z â ä j l ð ò üöüöüöüöüöüïüèÚèüöüöüöüöüöüÐüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöjh›-i0JUjh›-i0J5CJ U h›-i5CJ h›-i6CJ h›-iNHh›-iRPý z š  ˜ ž ö # d% "' Z) ô+ / \2 f8 °< B> D> F> H> J> f> h> j> ’> ”> VA îI ÊN úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúòòúúú$a$gd›-igd›-iò x z Œ Ž X Z ¦ ¨ 0 2 ¼ ¾ þ  ˆ Š    ’   ¤ ¦ , . B D Ì Î d" f" ì" î" ˜$ š$ % "% Þ% à% ¾( À( F) H) R) T) V) X) Ø) Ú) `* b* ð, ò, |- ~- –. ˜. Œ/ Ž/ 0 0 –0 ˜0 1 "1 ¬1 ®1 Ú2 Ü2 Š4 Œ4 5 5 ˜5 š5 &6 (6 ²6 ´6 Ì7 Î7 T8 V8 ä8 æ8 †: ˆ: ; ; < < üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüïüèüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüö j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-iNHh›-i\< ¦< ¨< ,= .= ´= ¶= J> j> Ž> > ”> 0@ 2@ º@ ¼@ ÐA ÒA ZB \B æB èB üC þC ¬E ®E ÆF ÈF ÖG ØG vI xI lJ nJ ŒK ŽK L L ¦L ¨L 0M 2M JN LN ÂN ÄN ÆN ÈN ÜO ÞO úP üP †Q ˆQ žR  R ºU ¼U HV JV ÔV ÖV €X ‚X –Y ˜Y °Z ²Z <[ >[ Ø\ Ú\ _ _ œ_ ž_ *` ,` ¶` ¸` >a üöüöüöüïèÚèüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüÓüÌüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöü j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-ijh›-i0J5CJ U h›-i5CJ h›-i6CJ h›-iNHh›-iPÊN –S ¢Y 4d i |j Np t &y | ˜ƒ Ž‰ ‰ ؉ Ú‰ ª‹ ‚ †‘ š v ,¥ r© ° ü± ¼³ ƺ Á ¢Å üÈ úúúúúúúúúúúúòòúúúúúúúúúúúúúú$a$gd›-igd›-i>a @a Vb Xb ´d ¶d 6e 8e Âe Äe Ôf Öf bg dg îg ðg ~h €h i i œi ži *j ,j Œk Žk l l ºm ¼m Hn Jn Ìn În To Vo Fp Hp Jp Lp Vq Xq Þq àq `r br vs xs €t ‚t u u  v ¢v ´w ¶w Èx Êx 0z 2z ¸z ºz { { „| †| ~ ~ ¤~ ¦~ ( * º ¼ î ð x‚ z‚ †ƒ ˆƒ „ „ ª„ ¬„ 8… :… ¾… À… f‡ úöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöïöèöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöÞöúöúöúöÞöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöjh›-i0JU j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-ih›-i h›-iNHXf‡ h‡ ô‡ ö‡ ‰ ‰ ‰ Ú‰ XŠ ZŠ ¢‹ ¤‹ ¦‹ ¨‹ &Œ (Œ †Ž ˆŽ   – ˜ " 8‘ :‘ ’ ’ ”’ –’ ¶“ ¸“ @” B” Ì” Δ X• Z• Ü• Þ• b– d– ™ "™ Šš Œš ¤› ¦› 2œ 4œ ¼œ ¾œ J L n p r t xž zž ŠŸ ŒŸ     ¢  ¤  ,¡ .¡ D¢ F¢ Ö¢ Ø¢ d£ f£ ¬¥ ®¥ Z§ \§ æ§ è§ r¨ t¨ « « ¬ ¬ ¤¬ ¦¬ J® L® Ì® úöúöúöñöúöêöãöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöêöãöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúö j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-i5h›-i h›-iNHZÌ® ή ä¯ æ¯ „° †° ± ± š± œ± z² |² :´ <´ Òµ Ôµ ^¶ `¶ ê¶ ì¶ þ· ¸ ‚¸ „¸ ¹ ¹ ¢¹ ¤¹ ,º .º λ л \¼ ^¼ v½ x½ ¾ ¾ ¾ ’¾ 0À 2À ZÀ bÀ dÀ pÀ rÀ vÀ ÆÀ ÈÀ ŒÁ ŽÁ  Â ¢Â :Ä <Ä RÅ TÅ Æ Æ âÈ äÈ É ,É ¤É ¦É ªÉ ,Ê .Ê DË FË ÐË ÒË ZÌ \Ì úöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöîçîÙçöúöúöúöúöúöúöúöÒ˽Ëöúöúöúöújh›-i0J5CJ U h›-i5CJ h›-i6CJjh›-i0JUmH sH  h›-ih›-ih›-imH sH h›-i h›-iNHJüÈ þÈ É É É É É É *É ,É LÉ €É ¨É ªÉ FÒ °Õ ¾Ö ÀÖ × × Ý ç Ðê ®ï bð p÷ Xÿ ² ‚ úúúúúúúúúòòòòúúúúòòúúúúúúúúú$a$gd›-igd›-i\Ì âÌ äÌ üÍ þÍ ˆÎ ŠÎ 2Ð 4Ð ¼Ð ¾Ð ÎÑ ÐÑ FÓ HÓ ÎÓ ÐÓ ZÔ \Ô ¶Ö ¸Ö ºÖ ¼Ö ÀÖ × :Ù <Ù ÊÙ ÌÙ VÚ XÚ üÛ þÛ Þ Þ 2ß 4ß Dà Fà \á ^á öâ øâ |ã ~ã ä ä Šä Œä å å ,æ .æ ²æ ´æ è è (é *é °é ²é :ê <ê Àê Âê Lë Në Öë Øë Úì Üì üî þî ,ð .ð $ô &ô Äõ Æõ Úö Üö d÷ f÷ ð÷ ò÷ |ø ~ø ù ù ù ’ù üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüïüèüãüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüö h›-i5 j>ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-iNHh›-iZ’ù `þ bþ ^ ` ¸ º È Ê P R Ö Ø \ ^ æ è þ  Š Œ ¤ ¦ Ú Ü † ˆ   š œ ( * Ò Ô \ ^ ä æ t v   ® ° 2 4 à â ì , ¤ ¦ $ & ® ° Ì Î V X ä æ Ä Æ Þ à . 0 ² ´ : < Â Ä L N Ö Ø b d " " " ’" 0$ 2$ ¼$ ¾$ F% H% ø% ú% †& ˆ& ' üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüñüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöü h›-i5 h›-iNHh›-i_‚ ^ Z ê ì * , T H ´ x% .( ~- D4 ¸: Â; ÎE žK PQ RQ TQ VQ XQ rQ tQ  Q ÌQ ÎQ VY úúúúòòúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúúòòòú$a$gd›-igd›-i' '  ' ¢' 2) 4) Ô* Ö* Z+ \+ â+ ä+ ú- ü- Š. Œ. ž/  / *0 ,0 º0 ¼0 >1 @1 È1 Ê1 Ò2 Ô2 V3 X3 ¾4 À4 Ö5 Ø5 ¤9 ¦9 (: *: ¬: ®: >< @< Æ< È< d> f> ö? ø? žA  A &B (B ¨C ªC ÚF ÜF ŒI ŽI J J (K *K 4M 6M ¾M ÀM HN JN ÒN ÔN vP xP üP þP XQ tQ ÈQ ÊQ ÎQ U U °V ²V :W ðh›-i j<ðh›-i h›-iNHh›-iZ8ˆ P‰ R‰ ܉ Þ‰ jŠ lŠ ‚‹ „‹ Œ Œ ÐŽ ÒŽ ^ ` è ê ‘ ‘ Ü‘ Þ‘ â‘ N’ j’ ~’ „’ †’ Â’ Æ’ Î’ Ö’ ò’ ô’ “ “ “ $“ &“ 6“ 8“ @“ B“ D“ ê“ ì“ ò” ô” ö” • 4• 8• T• d• j• |• ~• €• ²• À• • Ä• Æ• Ø• <– @– H– L– h– x– ~– Œ– œ– üöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüöüëßüØÑüöüÈüÈüÃüÈüÈüÈüÈü¹üöü¹üÑüÈüÈüÈü¹üÑü¹üÑü´üÈüÈüÈü h›-i;jh›-i0JU h›-iH*h›-imHnHu h›-i6] h€\,h›-ih›-i6CJH*]aJh›-ihHÒmH sH  h›-iNHh›-iGœ– ž– ˆš Šš Žš Üœ Þœ àœ òœ $ º Ê Ø Ú Ü â ä æ è ø xž |ž Àž ž Öž æž êž üž þž Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ >Ÿ BŸ bŸ rŸ xŸ ŽŸ Ÿ ’Ÿ –Ÿ šŸ õñèãñõñÜñÓñÓñÓñÓñÂñ·¯¢¯¢¯¢¯¢¯ñ‘ñ·¯¢¯¢¯¢}n¯nh€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH &h€\,h›-iCJH*aJmHnHsH u!jh›-i0J6CJU]aJh›-iCJaJmHnHuh›-iCJaJh›-i6CJ]aJ!jh›-i0J6CJU]aJh›-imHnHu h›-i6] h›-iH*h›-iCJH*aJh›-ijh›-i0JU+ˆš Èœ ä þž Ÿ ŽŸ ¦  ¨  ¢ Ä¢ £ H£ (¦ ¾§ À§ § ħ © z© .ª ªª ¬ª ôìôôÝÝÝÒÒÉÉÉìÄÄĹÉÉÄÄ „7¤´`„7gd€\,gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤`„7gd€\,„è„7¤ð]„è`„7gd€\,$a$gd€\, „7¤@`„7gd€\,šŸ œŸ ¬Ÿ üŸ       ¦  ¨  ¬  ¾  ¡ ¡ &¡ (¡ 6¡ Z¡ d¡ l¡ r¡ x¡ ‚¡ ¢ ¢ $¢ &¢ 4¢ 6¢ 8¢ :¢ <¢ P¢ R¢ h¢ j¢ ~¢ ‚¢ ”¢  ¢ ª¢ °¢ ¶¢ À¢ ¢ ôåôÓôÈÀ¼¬åôÈôÈŸÀŸÀŸÀŸÀ•ÀÈå‡å‡ÈôÈôÈôÈôÓôÓôÓxh€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH h€\,h›-i6CJ]aJh›-iCJNHaJh›-iCJaJmHnHuh€\,h›-iCJH*aJmH sH h›-ih›-iCJaJh€\,h›-iCJaJ#h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-i6CJ]aJmH sH h›-iCJaJmH sH +¢ Ä¢ Æ¢ Þ¢ æ¢ ð¢ ö¢ ø¢ ú¢ ü¢ £ £ £ £ &£ 0£ 6£ 8£ <£ F£ H£ J£ ¶£ º£ ¤ ¤ ~¤ €¤ &¥ (¥ ô¥ ö¥ þ¥ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ &¦ (¦ H¦ ⦠õáÕÃÕô¬´Ã´áÕÃÕô¬Ÿ¬¬Ÿ¬Ÿ¬†¬†¬{Õ{Ÿ{Õ{Õ{¬plh›-ih›-iH*mHnHuh€\,h›-iCJaJh›-iCJNHaJh›-iCJH*aJmHnHuh›-iCJaJmHnHuh›-iCJaJh€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH #h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-iCJaJmH sH &h€\,h›-iCJH*aJmHnHsH uh€\,h›-imH sH *â¦ ä¦ „§ †§ ħ Ƨ ȧ ̧ Ч Ò§ ৠŽ¨ š¨ Ȩ Ψ ب ä¨ ò¨ ú¨ © © © © © © © $© 4© 6© n© x© z© |© ~© †© Š© © ”© $ª ,ª .ª Tª žª úöúöìáÙʾ¯¾¾¾¾¾Ê‰¾ÊÙÊÙʾʉÊÙÊÙʾÊyqh›-imH sH h€\,h›-iH*mHnHsH u&h€\,h›-iCJH*aJmHnHsH u#h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-i6CJ]aJmH sH h›-iCJaJmH sH h€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH h›-iCJaJh€\,h›-imH sH jh›-i0JUh›-i h›-iNH*žª ¨ª °ª ²ª ´ª ت ܪ úª « « « « « « « « « .« 0« 8« :« <« >« H« L« X« \« l« p« ˆ« Œ« ’« ”« ª« ¬« º« ¼« Ä« È« Ê« Ϋ à« ä« ê« ì« ô« ö« ñæÜØÐÃиЩžžužužužužužužÐžužužužužužužužÃžh›-iCJaJmH sH h€\,h›-i6CJ]aJh›-i6CJ]aJmH sH h€\,h›-iCJaJh›-iCJH*aJmHnHuh›-i6CJ]aJh›-iCJaJmHnHuh›-iCJaJh›-ijh›-i0JUh€\,h›-imH sH h€\,h›-imHnHsH u.¬ª ®ª °ª « :­ Z­ ¼® ¨° ¬° ®° °° ²° ´° 8± Œ¶ b· ú· |¸ 6¹ ž¹ Ô¹ 6º ²º ô» ö» úúïææææúúúúúÞÓúúúÎÞÞúÞÎÎgd€\, „7¤@`„7gd€\,$a$gd€\,„7`„7gd€\, „7¤Œ`„7gd€\,gd€\,ö« ø« ú« ¬ ¸¬ ¼¬ ¬ Ĭ Ú¬ ܬ à¬ â¬ î¬ ô¬ ø¬ ú¬ ü¬ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ *­ 8­ :­ <­ N­ X­ Z­ \­ ^­ b­ f­ h­ p­ v­ Þ­ à­ ì­ î­ ö­ ø­ ú­ þ­ ® ôéÜÔéôéôéôéôéôéôéôéôéô³Ÿô³Ÿ³Ô³ô{ôéÜéôéôéÔ)h€\,h›-i6CJ]aJmHnHsH uh›-i6CJ]aJmH sH &h€\,h›-iCJH*aJmHnHsH uh€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH #h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-iCJaJh›-iCJaJmHnHuh€\,h›-iCJaJh›-iCJaJmH sH , ® ® ¬® º® ¼® À® ° ° f° l° ¨° ª° È° Ê° Ì° à° ± ± &± (± *± ,± 6± 8± :± æ± è± ¢´ ¦´ Ò´ Ô´ >µ Bµ ص ܵ $¶ &¶ .¶ 0¶ <¶ >¶ R¶ T¶ ^¶ b¶ õíàíÑíÇíàí¼¸®£˜‰€‰‰€¸®¸z¸€¸z¸€¸€¸‰‰‰p‰h›-iNHmH sH  h›-iNHh›-imHnHu h€\,h›-ih›-imH sH h›-i6]mH sH h€\,h›-imH sH jh›-i0JUh›-ih›-iH*mHnHuh›-iCJNHaJh›-iCJH*aJmHnHuh›-iCJaJmHnHuh›-iCJaJh›-i6CJ]aJ,b¶ p¶ |¶ ~¶ €¶ ‚¶ Š¶ ž¶  ¶ ¢¶ º¶ · · (· N· P· V· `· r· t· Ž· ž· · Ä· η з Ò· Ö· æ· è· ê· ì· ö· ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ *¸ l¸ n¸ z¸ €¸ ‚¸ –¸ ¦¸ þ¸ ¹ ¹ ¹ ¹ "¹ $¹ &¹ 4¹ D¹ F¹ H¹ ^¹ ’¹ œ¹ ¬¹ ®¹ °¹ ¸¹ ¼¹ ȹ Ò¹ ๠øêßÛßêßÑßÆøêø½¶ø½ÛÑÛ¯ÛßêßÛßêßÛßêßÑßÛßøÆø¶½ÛÑÛ¯ÛßêßÛêÛßêßÑßÆø½ÛÑÛø¶ø½Û h›-i6] h€\,h›-ih›-imHnHuh›-i6]mH sH jh›-i0JUh›-ih€\,h›-imH sH h€\,h›-imHnHsH uh›-imH sH E๠⹠ô¹ (º *º 2º Bº Dº Fº \º ¦º °º ²º ´º ¶º ̺ » » *» 2» \» h» v» |» ä» ò» ô» ö» ø» ú» þ» ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ (¼ *¼ :¼ <¼ F¼ H¼ õîêßÑßõßƾÑßõ߯£‘£‘£‘£‘£‘‚ßq‚i‚i‚i‚i‚i‚i‚h›-iCJaJ h€\,h›-i0JCJaJmH sH h€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH #h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-iCJaJmH sH h›-i6CJ]aJmH sH h›-imH sH h›-i6]mH sH h€\,h›-imHnHsH uh€\,h›-imH sH h›-i h›-i6]jh›-i0JU)H¼ R¼ T¼ V¼ X¼ d¼ f¼ h¼ l¼ t¼ z¼ ~¼ „¼ ¼ ’¼ ”¼ –¼ ö¼ ½ ½ ½ L½ N½ x½ †½ ˆ½ ž½  ½ ¢½ °½ ²½ ´½ º½ À½ ½ Ƚ ʽ ̽ н øéøéøéøéøéøéÞÌÞÌÀ®ÀŸÀ‘À®é†|†ug†c†c†c†ch›-ih€\,h›-i6]mH sH  h›-i6]jh›-i0JUh€\,h›-imH sH h›-iCJNHaJmH sH h›-i6CJ]aJmH sH #h€\,h›-iCJaJmHnHsH uh›-iCJaJmH sH "h€\,h›-i6CJ]aJmH sH h›-i6CJ]aJh€\,h›-iCJaJmH sH h›-iCJaJ&ö» ˆ½ Š½ ¾ ŽÍ ”Î –Î HÏ ŒÏ êÏ ²Ô ´Ô FÕ ìÕ âÖ d× Ø ÊÙ vÚ ²Û ´Û ÈÜ ôôììááìììÒÒìÍÍÈÈÈÈÃû$a$gdHÒgdHÒgdHÒgd€\,„(„7¤ð^„(`„7gd€\, „7¤´`„7gd€\,$a$gd€\, „7¤`„7gd€\,н Ô½ Ö½ ؽ Þ½ à½ ê½ î½ ø½ ¾ ¾ ¾ .¾ 0¾ p¿ r¿ ÂÀ ÄÀ dÁ fÁ   °Â ²Â Nà Pà HÄ NÄ RÄ ZÄ ^Ä ’Ä –Ä ˜Ä  Ä °Ä ²Ä ÈÄ ÌÄ àÄ âÄ æÄ èÄ üÄ Å Å Å Å Å "Å $Å ,Å .Å 4Å 6Å 8Å <Å >Å @Å XÅ èÅ òÅ &Æ õñõãõñõñÚñÚñÐñÊñÊñÊñÊñÊñÊñù®¹ñù®ñÊñ§Ÿ§Ÿ§Ÿ§Ÿ§Ÿ§Ú§Ÿ§Ú§Ÿ§Ÿ§ÚñÃñh›-imH sH  h€\,h›-ih›-i6]mH sH h€\,h›-i6] h›-i6] h›-iNHjh›-i0JUh›-imHnHuh€\,h›-imHnHsH uh›-ih€\,h›-imH sH >&Æ 2Æ ®Ç ²Ç ¼È ¾È fÉ hÉ šÉ žÉ Ê Ê Ê Ê Ì Ì ¸Ì ¼Ì XÍ \Í dÍ hÍ jÍ nÍ pÍ tÍ vÍ xÍ ŒÍ ŽÍ Í ’Í ”Î ¬Î ®Î °Î ÀÎ Ï Ï *Ï 8Ï <Ï FÏ HÏ JÏ LÏ ^Ï ~Ï ŠÏ ¢Ï ¤Ï ¦Ï ºÏ êÏ îÏ ²Ô ´Ô ¶Ô FÕ HÕ ìÕ îÕ âÖ äÖ d× f× Ø Ø ÊÙ ùõìõæõæõìõæõìõæõìõß×ß×ß×ß×ßìõÉõÁõ·õùõìõìõìõ·õùõìõ·õùõ®Áõ·õ·õ·õ·õ·õ·õh›-iCJH*aJjh›-i0JUh›-iCJaJjh›-i0JCJUaJh›-imH sH  h€\,h›-i h›-iNHh›-imHnHuh›-i h›-i6]DÊÙ ÌÙ VÚ hÚ jÚ vÚ xÚ zÚ ÞÚ âÚ ˜Û šÛ ¢Û ¤Û ²Û ´Û ¶Û ÈÜ ÊÜ ÌÜ pß rß tß á á á $á *á 0á 2á Dá Fá Há Tá Vá dá fá há já xá zá Žá á ”á –á ˜á ¤á ¦á ¨á ªá â â â (â 2â õñæñæØæ̲̲̽ªñõñØñªñõñæñæñæñæØ檽ª½ª½ª½ª½ª½›Ì½ª½Ì½Ì½Ìh›-i5CJ\aJmH sH h›-iCJaJh›-ih›-iCJaJh›-ih›-iCJaJmH sH h›-iCJaJmH sH jh›-i0JCJUaJh›-ih›-imH sH h›-ijh›-i0JU6ÈÜ pß rß Dá bâ dâ @ã Bã Zä ^ä 6å 8å tæ væ fç hç Vè Té Xé vê òòíÞÞÑÑÊíÁÁÁÁ²²ÑÑí«¤gdHÒ„ „`ÿ¤È^„ `„`ÿgdHÒ„`ÿ`„`ÿgdHÒ¤ðgdHÒ „ „`ÿ^„ `„`ÿgdHÒ„È„`ÿ¤Ü^„È`„`ÿgdHÒgdHÒ „È„`ÿ^„È`„`ÿgdHÒ2â 4â :â Nâ bâ dâ fâ hâ vâ xâ zâ ~⠀⠂â Úâ Þâ ã ã *ã >ã Bã Dã Tã Vã Xã \ã ^ã `ã Öã Üã ä $ä .ä @ä Fä Zä ^ä `ä bä nä pä rä tä Êä Îä æä ôä üä å "å 6å 8å :å <å îå òå :æ Zæ `æ tæ væ xæ zæ „æ Öæ Úæ &ç îßÓßȺßÓ߲߲ßÓßÓßÓßȺÓ߲߲ßÓßÓßÓßÓßȨÈÓß²ßÓßÓßÓßÓßȺßÓßÓßÓßȺȲÓßÓjh›-i0JUh›-iCJaJjh›-i0JCJUaJh›-ih›-imH sH h›-iCJaJmH sH h›-ih›-iCJaJmH sH "h›-ih›-i5CJ\aJmH sH B&ç 2ç <ç Fç Xç fç hç jç lç vç |ç ¶ç ºç Êç Ìç $è 0è :è @è Fè Vè Xè ‚è ˆè ¼è ¾è Ðè Ôè é ,é 6é Hé Ré Té Xé Zé \é †é ˆé Šé Œé öé üé @ê Lê Vê \ê bê vê xê zê †ê ˆê Šê Œê ñåñåñÚÎÚÊÚÂÚ·ÂÚÂÚÂÚ§åñå˜åñåñåñåñÚŠÚÂÚÊÚÂÚÂÚÂÚÂÚŠÚÂÚÊÚjh›-i0JCJUaJh›-i5CJ\aJmH sH h›-ih›-iCJH*aJmH sH h›-i5\mH sH h›-imH sH h›-ih›-ih›-iH*mH sH h›-ih›-imH sH h›-iCJaJmH sH h›-ih›-iCJaJmH sH 6Œê ë ë Xë dë në ~ë „ë ˜ë šë †ì ˆì .í 0í ví xí |í †î ˆî Òï Ôï vð xð Êð Ìð pñ rñ ºñ ¼ñ vó ¨ó ªó òô ôô šõ œõ @ö Bö ¾÷ À÷ ¦ø ¨ø ´ø Àø ù "ù $ù Dù  ù ¢ù ¤ù ¬ù ®ù ºù ¼ù –ú ˜ú >û @û äû æû .ý 0ý 2ý 6ý 8ý <ý >ý Bý Dý Hý øíøíøíøíãßÕßÏßÈøßÏßÏßÏßÕßÏßÕßÃÕßÕßÏßÏßÕßÕßÃßÕßÃßÕßøÈøÈßÕßÏßÕß¿·¿·¿·¿·¿jhûg Uhûg h›-i6 h›-ih›-i h›-iNHjh›-i0JUh›-ijh›-i0JUh›-ih›-imH sH h›-imH sH Fvê ˜ë †ì Êð ºñ ¨ó òô ¾÷ ¦ø ù  ù –ú äû .ý 0ý 4ý 6ý :ý <ý @ý Bý Fý Hý ”ý –ý ˜ý úõíííííííííííëëëëëëëëëãëë$a$gdíe($a$gd›-igdHÒgdHÒHý jý ný vý |ý ‚ý „ý Œý Žý ’ý ”ý ˜ý ¸ý þ þ Þþ àþ ª4|68:üõéáéáéáéáÝÙÑÆÑÆÑÙÑÙÑ·h›-ihHÒmH sH h€\, j½ðh›-iCJaJh›-iCJaJh›-ihûg híe(híe(5híe(híe(5mH sH  híe(híe(híe(˜ý ¶ý ¸ý ºý ¼ý Îý äý üý þý þ þ þ *þ Ìþ Îþ ôþ &ÿ ’ÿ ”ÿ Ôÿ ¨ª24úøóñééééééäééäéééäééäßÝéägdHÒ$a$$a$gdHÒgd€\,gd€\,4z|468:úøðëðëéà„^„gd›-i$a$$a$gdHÒgdHÒ70PPP°|. °´A!°ø "°Š#Š$Š%°°Å°Å <,1h°‚. °ÆA!°¥"°R#n$n%°°Ä°Ä Ä $$If–!vh5Öô5Öô5Öô5Öô#vô:V –lÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöö5Öô/Ö ÿ4Ö $$If–!vh5Öô5Öô5Öô5Öô#vô:V –lÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöö5Öô/Ö ÿ4Ö $$If–!vh5Öô5Öô5Öô5Öô#vô:V –lÖ0ÿÿÿÿÿÿöö5Öô/Ö ÿ4Öw)Dd ëm èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðç(J"‹)*eE çÿ*CÊÿÃ(*;nð»(J"‹)*eE çÿ*CÊÿ‰PNG  IHDR‘Ìn@±âgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.#e Î IDATxœíÝMŒË}ðö¾m &¶ ć'd3E!| áKö°Ú惑ä* Ç•KN7'oìÅvï›ç7pbh‘Ĉ@_1à ‚äÇñöh"­ldCOÞžÐ1 X‹¦,ÅÞ®TuwUWοfª¹eþÈ}œ¯ßv×Tÿ»>Û¸Ñm š±5Ábk‚ÅÖ‹­ [,¶&XlM°XÍ”ÚfTâ§Ç4llM°Øš`±5Ábk‚ÅÖ‹­ [,¶&XlM°¸%SÐ÷àö8Áb}Ó3ŒJ¬ošÚ`Tb=òqmQT¬eJ¹)Þ0A. =k?u¦èÝQŠ[뙂Q:²FQ±š)Èÿ:gQbÿÔ­kŠO°5ŠŠµÎËÈ ž½ Aè7t"7±q©Zß„¯Ü„¹i$LÁ­š®ž¸Œ oº gÈ‹Gá(tÂïܦiîe&—›N‘¢Ü´ƒoÑ„Æ7í9™É Ÿ9qâ…·oÂÜDO3aÔœEê­_±¯nJÑ‘8wþÌÍL.K¸i–zñ­šüÌ´à¦ceb^ìÜž)¹ˆºÀ_LKÓh#L'MÓäMÈ×6áåÉg/ã“/ãÑ-šRaŠNüsñ½óŸOøqšÌD]°vâ¹N]€£%žã„èÿñ ‰ŽâûÝ®)>%»œ„ö‘Ž(7Ýv=þu 'å58B{ÈGü89¿»&ŠÜÜäå¦ÈáyAÜ¢)¿—ŠpÄMN\< Øõº uM, XÄø%ï)¶ )ÞÕJ†Ý¤|k‚ÅO¯ÉnlM°Øš`±5Ábk‚ÅÖ‹­ [,¶&XlM°Øš`±5Ábk‚ÅÖ‹­ ÿß›^ÞfjzñY›|Û£çú\¿ú‡ßûÞ?÷­GÐc¤bSòZû€Žƒ º³dZj0 ;¦tMdM±ÉGîÜý ûËŽG¡-zï ÆA埴~"úÒIþpzæ³ûÿ¡¿výÇ7•®ŽÔ–©¥s7ùÒoSQ¬D^c‚LÉÝžïÕ–?ÿ`J{L6/ÀD~¤w»ëLûIƒ™¦¥©¾¢“ÍÛ(5CbÒòñX–Cù>=“zkȵ¥Û4@R4iùxÍd3) ªÈÆk™l6Ò®w¤ò½³Ùq]¼qèSIËUÈžf²™cʼ7 S‚{žÕIÒDÇÚS­&Åïç°$3ýùq¯‰VîžhØ/â©[˜"䱿(óå“Ðý¨øz:z®r]¾Í pQc&?iqÖåí~æe ¡;NvfóŽðL˜zùÓ&š›’¢«ÖËM<„.Yn²Ùð$ X̳æťۄ릗Úû|f±ˆË¤€ø™IWp+¦´Ý¤×O6s̨8æq6SOBZMÙ§&žžÓ)ˆ•udÈF¬Hü_\ç£ò˜ ´‹Ïû¿¨ç·˜læsê÷‹²=r‰<&m­! Ú®w6W»Q9æLÔš™‰øÝO¯šhy9±YœÔï7oyŽ@MåÑÔâ©c‘¼"œ—¦%¯ÐLêrb³#±luEþ11­ÎT›¹S¹šO(ŠÀ$f<+“ZîÊfq"ªdÎûž›õ5“ZuÀæ¢@åW8ãì¦X3ýXRlæsiyq) Ä”¦HžùŽÑE+šùcvO 0…ƒ¶g"å1Ï*Oˆé Åd3wÒ–Éê€éÃ_»ÞI“=R£ b:l¶ÙÛ¼=h´Óê§6“Å"®¨’ÅÊÐ$ÏÍS^×-9XVL9Æf#¼«¶-ˆé]_ûÞe&«IÊ1 LáAÃdó–EÖ˜iq›3Ý/ë§ |ØžIæ˜F&½=³ÈŸ ‰Ê%Ð$kLâÉ `Šõ±!™‰ÿJwQ³÷ç¦üñùëŸðg¦ÿ,øÚiÿ¬Î¾lX#8›è¨Åˆo…@Ï+~·(&H_™[7ÙÁH‰ÁqbŸj’'qÄäB†í¾y†09&¦Ð/M?zǺÉS¿­l.4“•_[ÂLü QSP«Ç‡0QœÝŒ€Mõk° “zÒ$›IG„ê¹J‹iýÁ§ŸU^Ööå¼{9÷?—=œì¼zξXfˆ—¨¨žÓÖ,F¿ó~‰ù—7­/¼yiŠ L´Ýd'Ô¥ÅWo 奛žlˆ)ÑLûÙd¢ZŸX3‘ý`0“LU ‹ÚF‡ºÉʤVùŒ¦Jý´3ÉjÉØ4ÊDUÒ‚M6ºi>¤)ÿ!…˜è£·aJäE†Œ 9­›€ F&Õ0F@óʦ!Ž“ê^ Aã ´úi>Ø÷Nò!§A3=½ç[6E5WÑMyþd³<ÕM4¯,j´« QÆÕ§¹¦cÿIV±Y7}§üï6¯L3å ¶MIÙ@.Æ>šòFÛ&‚Ô Îuû¶>æÁ– ‹ŽaÈÛ§Þ—oÛ„4“ ~ûAMéH5m§À9\º)¯ ,×㉫Ú" Iï+ÄD°j³Íº^}ÄÑMؾ)V·yC"À7ƱZ.O‘b”GvªÇµ2þÕLç¥ :¯ì\ë7Ï;ó-›eÊ/Ó„ÔM–Ë“«†è¼²©~oÞcš³+™D ]aÊGfAL Ì4c‹•M¸0áULÙ«ÛËÓ|¥r{‰j¡KÀóʦ•xÍRÿ‚x Ñ3Œ_’ö~Èì܃XáóÊb4‘¿…@žøÃÑ:a_ó/b7E'§~JÚϬ0é“TLD¿ÞõšÞ#\"M§è˜íã‹hDÑÁ Æó¨½Y)ò¨WŒ ˆá¦jZ,:»=ò¦3rˆŽSn GôþÁ‰/LAÛ«øq’]xóʘ4ÍäøÔŸÎ’±7ÓCŸ$cÑL‘}ÓŽ,ª¡‰)ÁÚqb¶Mjx/:„›¦Úz¬4°o’‡Ž\'ÉД‡]ÎHÔâús7°)(þË~fCÓ–©¼ç”¿m9qR?i}ùËL¿³¹ùìï}ïkg»­­c¿þË_¼ü?ýåPæ²áI´þ˜ÖMùÜ$?ÿ§'o>ù½×øk»>ü­»ú<¤/·LaªÄ(aŸ÷ô•á¦øA»ÉR”˘0“~ó Vläãz¿ù€¦r´À”6ÆFÏzPýÏì ÿÖ;ïïóƒX7¹jdÀ¤÷›¦ô‚á7QñÁÇè~÷úý«—µW‰VÚï;Ÿg߸þOŠßN{Ô/~P}@®êö˜k­ ¢_>}çõ›•¶"’ó$+&\üS°²i­h3Éc\FѺI-¥¤™äñ¹5“ y#U¦ÐÕ®«]šÔ8Œ1¡+ƒ~oÕ¤úƒUM\{øãÄÔE¶li„š—?²dR{Kj¦‚B MÖÚÇ›¦HeT¨ùô>µvÏÙ4©"nhÊïƒWk¼Ô$#A3“­¾²nE†×»·`2Þ“oÁ7E®q®2ˆI[×&E¾q®bË$?73i“Sl„)-WÊ­‚¦&ûã \ñU+Ç!ÅÄÄoƒ6E¨¬&yÂ0‘}½ßÜ–É×LaiCئøÞí™Ó¨\¡[t‚ê‚螯]ƒî|€šx²ÊCØ ýœ “åã”hÓoCXP8ÖÚÄlµë&ŠK†¸§˜>ÐMÓL¤œœÀ¹û`o€¶ÃrÌCv_'MÙ8M0•­ayb¨ >¸7„ —¦YiÊú9¦¨a²gꦲ5,ôÛoJß²)¯jìšP½Ëd*[èòn3ȵ¥16¤«IW3¹ÊAM<^E»¿^e¿¹«µ†å¿ÀDQýžËº©Xg²×ÉéB°É¯ÓZ5µU1†bº†›R°Iæbµàbš„aîÛoJV3äüâoÍ„5“ìÍ/¾µzüçàçŽñ• ±ÿ*t/*Õ'&éu\zB6ÎLÁ8¸¢Áå‚ñ‚îS÷Š¼Jýúš½ •¦G¹)éÍÄ"°)›0ù¾ÍÎMÙÖqŸŠåiê[5LrÛI/möé£uS1Z`žþ“ƒ/äÏÖ¾wd§×F=.ó^œ S1QQv-îû ÓPCþËùwËMlX“¼µ›”óï6Æ䘘*¹ À´Ãÿwö7¾yÜOQÓQ HªÍ \>pâeÓ”ý5?èþ½cv™oþÖäð½0´˜z›è²X¤~«éK>ý²q•PD½=SÜÙÊm¦Y‚[M¹kÅh5ù`Ó\›ÛÜ ˜z¼arÕæÍáòò¤›òi†0%åK€AyoË$S•²Ef¢Ös_er•—/7Í4Sþ-¤<©+d 0E5ìÞ#ÔM‹§W">|&5O1E“Öþ”p/¥Lò#@cF‡È3&ÙöK)0÷•e\ÍãŠA}ù~«ùx}+‡ÒTÙ#;KO­§ºÉx®[ýlÁT»àãyeÙ"lƒšÌç• dÒ2ÔfŸŒê&í*USy°ø—Ô§8ôqÒæRX?‚¾¾Êß;Ñ·Qš²yeËM‘Ö^@³eÊm›¢rtEìG Cätº)ÜW¦Ö ß#Ø7UçæóÊ–›ª¹/¶lâÇ)q”)ŸW01-ú„-1ýmsõ”)ŸUmhÊ¢g¼ t2‰¾6N¶€nYå ¨þ¦ú}ð2S8ê~¬ËióʘI߇+›ÚÝkBݵFœ85¯ŒÁL3͔­`š”­aФï F²=»MÙ@F3“˜ëÆ*"&r 7QlH{ò•sÝò[ˆI»ÇÙXmû¦üÛš‚M‰I|ê f-1¹åÞ…E¯À¤¯'Ö?V;_*!òŸÑ$;donØ {ò„‰ÍÝj¡Æëe&š›xO>‘ƒKÓl¹)EÞœžúW‘GeIÀ_qÑlåÒL‰'gUwçÀ”QšžzuÓMåy¥i91:a4¸ð˜Û¬Ik¦ 7a¨I¼ÀÀ” W˜¼¸0}Åc^Ӥ훔ÈÎ92 R?iyæbYÝs¸éÈe³øø˜ßƒÄMÍ¡óºIv’©½I–›ôuÚ;ËMþŒ›¸iAa&G–mÙسÜTݯ̛ιiD‘‡ÄænAý‰šiTܶ„pS¼Š ñrÍMˆ¢½e&9ÓÙdO>½~êÛË©b¦´‹\·yeÖÖ|I‹Ö05¯ bªìyÕo¢~ar¦Hšv\×û«“̹ˆÖkfbZ¶ö„2¹Ó‘(㧾çMÜfòY1E\µDšX¿)ñè žÌÉ©7u Ó…7ñšÕ5„²PMõ¦Çi™É%§x2#‡87úŽãM¿zsþ]9Z ’˜Bgü+‡îùÓ ¯ N7!× -7© Ë {ÊTLÙ1ïÍÇùõŽ›‚i4:çeü„›¯iÂŧ™›p¿©ˆìw¾îyBÃTôF¥è>dݵŠi×ÀÔ S‘¨¤è´\Xæ*ñ`¦âoê¦ÆëÓ}4”©HTˆ2‰¯¿©iiÔM²Æäÿ*O÷ƒ!MrO¾ ÿ° 0E¸õuÅ„Cè´+šòã$“±NN”#û&u “,V…)ÌÇuLNYÌÜâ‡b¹“·a’‡%›ëÆä-¦bR¯lò³¿²öŒÒä+“ÐÅšI»¾Éþ¶o’·Qr®ÛŸ¶™H»)e¼j"5SÚi hò+&Ù DÅ\7Q¤-å‰ÿ4j1½´eªåtòÖŽâbÿ;ž…õbúS·4½Ƥ†¨PÑS–%Êê䶆>çf1ŒIÍ+ã¦(Ü·¼“ºâ&Ð^sº ¾¯›™IæÔóÊ–¿<ö˜ýz¼b*o£¨»þ–§lSelH9 ‹ŠÑ=†}ùçr"P"êI9®jú%S9>$õ$À$ž¢®Áù¿X6•+Èe+ýÎY^ aJµü 8× mªîÆnläÚRŸë(OT3/²kR5æ%Ø$:h5Éâ$ÇhLéÀ&9FT­® ©3µëÝëÔÀ”ÿ”¨ùR“–ÓåëÙÛ5É­¦bÓD«Ç‡0©ñ«òC–›ôý)pPÜ´+“‚00YïPk/`–LÇʤú=»eÓÃÒ$Ç;8jiOˆ Û7}«iRƒÿAëÓaûåéÏKÎ X¾/ÄôgZ]õºÛ(ãX™ ]¹â7Ä”j¦Ó6SzÉÿøñ?øµ7ÿíùGÿs÷~$î\1k‹”]‰Ûw‘6¹¼IT7—„pÓûï|&gÉW¾"¢ç`åÐV^„›¢Ün²ªÍž­8Ÿ3ElãLùË1²NÞULLšF¡Ñ'?ø;?”¯~õ‹iÀ’“ºÉ)6Ýí7-³°aòÅt65ëå5»øÍç—µWÇ=ºû讘7zY¬±þSfRûßõ˜Š½×*ó9³wÜÐ/‹•M¬iz"žo¡Î¤u“X§Ç_É”¯}j£o1É<Üt‡ÝÁL#9¯ÌxM…l\sç7Lj¯ìp¹©Ò^0˜‰•3`!óÊô~„ Ûs5SñµKPËók¡·a¼°ejŽ/«k7f—,3åkŸÚnëÉBM»L{­æ™Ã™ÔxIØÖ…šijË„ë&"^5}4©œüL듺ºB}ïl­×S7=+§9«ÃôÜ…˜-êü`h¨ˆësq“aLQY†è¨íé Óq#÷]ßTíçÔÆÞÖ7;^þX3M†0Qm¬d)âûܘ˜Ê=@²Ž^õ¤ˆ_f÷O¥)À•7°Iù"wtS6Éʲ)ôÌLŸVÚX{M!¨(´˜Feó3¨8}šMô€ÌuKëû ôEÔe‚Ì·zUé{í7’±6-»aàWµ1~Ý×`Ð$ÿVV&HŽ™½\Ëéz¯wX ®03iûßÁjÌjž™O,ë0]Öˆï{SÍ—&PŽÉò^íª©«. x%STþ–Àí±kuøØ®:3‘¦ôyí¦íöœEeŸ›²GjJÁ¦ÔÃÓ¥x΋ŧſE¢_‹pPµ°é¦sµB,)`YÃ5Ô´ç9á Aì* ¦tAÏOœyDê»Qù_±¾ÿ]c1ƒ®ˆ+×–ž|œ¢½=7FGxÎï‹æ©?%„ãÌtTÝ^M79Ù¯-”cf¯B Vä¦GÂDüyâOã=9òΟÎç„úÓÊsý6¸ˆëý-ËL;øœîãÉ„úçÜq“ïMØ|²ÄTdГ'b ªÇù[î!4éU0ç½ìGÈÔ´,Ý$öu LßA,œ$M±“^•óï "BïÛ6éå‡8fwå… ëçÎ]ß”êå‡8¦y/—ÎøKS°ô-±nºc^c²„êÇÉB›Xi2墽ª¬Ÿ¬œ»Ú»›ß•‹“§î¥Š:Óîq2/â,»—ÿzåÚb×ä¯ò2þÅøÕ„)fkŸ»¿¢»êè¬hŠÕ¹Kpž«Õ'\ÞÏæíh³‘pÛ[ýx~kÏ ï•ûºÆe½½ {C û€ÏÛÒc•"žE-Ï\ Q ó³j*æZ5áuMùf«¦`]S¼=8ÜYþqHLÓs›þ|óåRX¶L ÓÄÁ}ú‰ÍžÐ¥ñyŽc›hZ!6Ñô 4}kM¼¦¯o é¿o é¿n é·6ÐôÝ 4ý‹ŸjÓÕò§ãŸ[3M–?öL+§ßm™R{¦¯Ú2%+Ýõ¶Æ²e¢öLÿÖ–IÍ™\?~Ý–IëM\7Îm™€ë+Bâ_Û2…–Þ‡ÇoÛ2­ØbÑ¿±¦ÿlÉd±zbÿÆ’ÉbõÄþ%“Ū ¿º~Ø4]Y2Y¬žØ¯m éØ1­Ð£Ù–rßæþ$kÄÌŽi…^Öîøæš,å*æ=¿}ofÇ´zcxKØ1¥iÂ6Þ&Oí˜Vèµï‰­˜¨UÓgVLV«qKí¾æc¯úÂNýd0vîôqO«DµäY1ž3ˆ?z«&½ßëºóYaÅýÚi«DÜ|Ÿ1µ>C-l˜Vi{º¹f]¦Ù0%«|í^]v=b%Ï\ÉÔ6L˯@ÂJ߆Z3ÓNX9w+ séë ÿ—6LOÍ_2¸i…¸ ºÛÄ>jkmöãöL—lâq²Õþd=ß¼šÉpxÉs Ö3™ô7¨™úö\[;ª¦ïv>ïÖÊÓóß;Xt™–¤³m‡¦GÆÚ‰ 3]‹?:LÑj#­M¢õ‹w-þè0…6;šL£ÃäZWyi7¥«˜Œ/~í—á_ì2yÅNo„TÊ"~ž_²KÑ|rÙxnQ.¾Ÿ÷¹<3…iñWÅß&̯ÙË$ˆ‚«I/Ì“¢Ÿ$,Æñé™:óÄgd¡ÔŸGˆ #„Ÿ2lã”·›ÌâÍ’CäMbzˆð4~/9­» B/>=T¦áÂä=MñÄÂÍÞ2ÓÏd&oŸ‹¿r“pÓŒæ&ßã¦ù½EâMVî5{¢ F‡Ég1qgô`Çu"z0vÝhÞõxá'‘ìL'¾w5'ñüÄ‹¹iåö±ë6ÓeÅDRoA<׉éÁ‘놳øp Ó™ËÙ?Çü4‘à<ÅÞ”›nŠN¼‰…fiÍô¤fÂñÇýÉ$&‘ƒÐ"<Üã&':òBºÿ0àiºp3S8€I Qž¸ = t/Oé(9yDÓj,VA‰ƒ)™Ñ4Æîd 6]šÄÒ—ü8ÑS„B§hïgb~ÐÞå¦Ó#nŠ(7¡Ši‘™¼ÉEÜÕÎÜ×OpÅ4å'’›’3¹ 7-ÄL«˜ñ´!9CcÿÉüš¬+ê4QÄx B”-ªø%K~E,*úkù…ðL˜°0}ä°»xó2ÉöazÆ^¬ß°ÑaÊÒñgbŸo\É|ed)* gK!‰¹©•ít_fZ$àW8ñÃ$ߨÊf¬n"ù²”Îfš¦Kžk«šh@ó,wº9¦ÙÍânŽ‰É=¬¯*É •XÃôÒž¢…éz¨÷7Œ¬îû©î6ck‚ÅÖ‹­ [,¶&PÜl iº¦ïo i¾¦M\+à+h2œscobrOüðÖMÍ ÿêÖÏ]Òø—É­›šam>§ÅøÁÛ6§~gÓï6Mƒ í¾ñÓ¦)o~»Åøv‹)x+ŸÜ=Ö¨eNà­›þ ¥ŒÃA@am­‹±Ø@“¥¹“VãÅšV«}iQQÿ²Ç©züC3Ó CJeüûÿ ÁnsyÂPIEND®B`‚Dd &Žèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðpä)tZˆ§~'æQxïDÚ?ÿL¡+;nðDä)tZˆ§~'æQxïDÚ?ÿ‰PNG  IHDRh“N)¶gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.#e ÎÃIDATxœíÝMläJ^ðê8ŒƒºF±³RÔ5o9Ài÷Ý6H¡k´ïð¬´Üà‚vÞao…[¯È‹×hŒ¼°œÑN{C\¸ ¸1R#„”N+b«ÑæÒT+‹¦òžãâ_vØÝ.»ìît÷0þ2IÛýs¹¾ír#±K¶ ÈD£QG£QG£QG£QÇ;¬¡„˜Å‚æMáÆWçHâ>SFFÒÜèmö^¦f4u4u4u4u<ºæË*¿giS)vZS2$O~lüL¹Âˆ”ñk¢*kŸká‡tg4æNi°`Y×£{á‹axÙšlWÓCôbÄ¡œ9ƒlÒlºeˆˆà=d: A¸ÏYDQª*ÜŠæ©ÔD_I4xÛÚMHÐðI ¢¶¢±¼´æ£ùv›݆%È=6bþazÒfš M\¦”šu–pMÏ­h8±@óäø>~:²u1·d.>¥âühhj»kúb0ÓôùIçlSs.!kº­jü#ÄÆë¿agX–ðˆ˜©‚´! ™kîAiBdÆšô”õÆ5 ˆ‹±¡eGÄNµ ×È1C¢q‰Ç¿Œ¨Ÿê n~¦ínù¥-j¦Ar¶k4Iœí¶7cr™³ÝnÍß4uìÖÌ~£QÇniv+7u¬¬Ñºÿì=M­Øíë ª¨ž6oMA4ulVZÅïy¯5ß-~Ïz4yMJ®†lB“žÑ/Òðõk4ï¬ËÓ0ºiMÑý~ã’}oVs·Sš·k׈c„þè¿~ï~(¬xq«a!œÕæinׯY†a¦Y%VÖDñݲXüxœ•5\*  RÝ5°9M'‰¬õ•mk ×ÐD­vø:4€!bÒZ¬³¢J²˜jäÖ65îäó'-©V=¸ÕÞ=¹°0ÑøÉyÛ’ÍÒbRÕØHyÌ£kÂù2‰†Õ[8°M 3ë±ÕÎÕ šÿ™òL¥üç·¢I·“óÞ)ßð:˜i¸©Ú%ÕW¶Wi®jkÜLI5ß«Tµ5væSS¶B)¯«ÉbÒšh…bUS-T,鎖]ÿ\ÕÓ„ ÍufÄç×­ßÔÔð…ngvüY·\S³tôYMX»}¨«!ñEÝ>rÍâyZž)¨ÛÑ©ó.wé³–æ-jvJkhr:1Kšš¥¼Þ8|éµ¥2Tï\UOÞç,kX­R^Y“[|sæ»XrUUóEnþÌÑðœºv ‹Ç·V¹Fr*—«ŠÕØ?GÖìUÔ¼Ttòrl N5¯èIåÏhÛ•{:Õ4ª£U̯£ªœJ¤êd*4nÕŒ\E£žQ]{p+V:4ó3*MÕR^AÃÕ(åu™¿«ÆÑ×,ö…µ4_(³ÚŠš¢Éõ5«j „ö¦Å³êöUÉÈښ‰¢‚ëyQ•JGWS2kUЗ±+ddMM^‡OS#9ºçJSSÖÏ-Ò0ýÄÑÒ„Ge;,ìuês´4å#ëB ×îZèhüòRZÜ#të@]Þÿ/ù=èj|„.û,ÍÄ)ׄÐûünÙFeÍƼ\£3[_~o…«5‹Rª#´Wº—r^)/Ó„Zm°Æ}'½#}^iÐДµ-:®×ÆèÜ“£3¼*ÑèV[:µ‰FëY¬Ñ­µôîWB¥{+Öè60zšòæ®P£?Ö›9*åi*Œ†ô4¬ìðŠ4ºš³jeE´@ãë÷ uïº[¼XRA³<-¼²*úíYMmpëkt?B;ß¹þµ &Ÿ~çSù—?ùèí?¸¿²ÿïßø>BßzùÿjÑ+õ¢ø¾´®“¿ 6c¨¡aÅ÷§uÞWïÄç¿É.aÛœº­ãÉÿ`}ëy{¶Í~üÓDèúñ·zöÑt·¿ …ó¯÷ã-Ð!zv0{“YG“~w•;ì|ÍmIV£û6œ´Åº[s[ºÓšÉßo’œi-ä®Ù^±êL=ü»?{Ee·¦¦(§Ï#ÂåuË4í2šÖäß½Ù+hÿz9ùƒ<šfçBc½ÇVJõ3f–5šÏ†äd§4t—5©’‹ÿL½›š~}Ms¦ÔšGJ›Y]lv@7”6»©‰ŠGfÎ7¡±mMº„sR¸ædÓZ°áÆÏ+Þô½ÖÈÝ#Ëaܺq±Û ..m¦Å~Ú@r"56h‚XƒÙ´ m^" š3l›.òAC\ÓÝ¢¦hÞL57ÛÔ0ËM Çc 9#¢?¶¨qÒšÃ-h¦í”/ ¹šWoFÌGÛôUgê‘{9ŒR’Õ<~í—h ¼gxŒõzÏ;ÈdÅõƒëVÕXÙÆRÃ{glò"MDàMëÓôÅüLqzŸäbÜ&}¥†ôK4~% V>ÖyYCX¢!mÜÓÆ ûd†ÍÕ”`5EÛfz[­½ð)¶Ñm›frñ‰hC..*á DI,h ÏYZ¡=hlôÜj##ÖXóú†äiJ “Õç Å^:¢6úª€n0Ö‚–Á6ûÅiSQS]N­áskª {§cšh<öbYƒAŸŸâ¡à:PÞˆŸÍžâ©5C;ÑÐM[& ôÑ"ì |1à½^çš;©éû,W3ižBÕÀ{jˆ[Ÿ†˜±ÆˆLßr.\Ö;é<·â´éÁ²æ)¹À^H]tjÁ  Ç¤Æ]Ÿ†¡Ùg]#4\ËÁ.ê½ì á·”zŒ4ÇV¡Z·ÆÛJÍ·@ãJÍÓsr1².P+ÑŒêµ@ â\\EyU ôIøÁý'ù¦ÝyNûòL¡\˜hNgÿ`Íš‘ýIøê)õ‰—h©iyᲦ% LA‚ŠÐ Þ;‘šcköò4n¬  x{RŸ‚¦ õ ‘Õ°õi&ýNMÏeRÃè¤ös_>{—¸¤Á‰&ˆ „ƒFÖ7~h=IkV˜¡…¾_ˆÈ0`P‘QfyüûQ‡šv‹!+5!õ£SÜ÷M°VÍ"Έ±ðŒÌ4®ÔP/§ö£‰†£SŒ ^ØAhžfJø*³×”[®u-ÂûHP&nãëî×!FÿÊË©ofh5'šÛð´».ÍUê5™Ù(ØéÛñ’fÚõ¹äVüë•ÈŒ€VÌÅ™È<ÅgÖCÍOqkñ—uk2Ã]MæqZëÔŒÒÌúËÛÒd†³GúTÕ¬ëŠPþð¡L“~uëšL¨4ojhò#_“ÿ,¸Ì†!âbYx!Ën };›¾ÙøuM&©î# Œ€[h†[Õ ÃFpÀŸDãøÛÓu i= 9Ãæ@jÌÙÅæ5Q`$‚C1h:¦·iͬöÍAË&hP¢94G›Ôdêb¢V ©1©yfn4ß”j6Z¦5X$KÄš–÷¨>aç1Õ„ÛÔ`‘”)K˜Rc:üƒmjÞú‘¬o&ì̦‹· !è܇ Ëî£'Po±„ÔZÐ3ÍìëÆ6s Fj|Úp„(¢±Æö·¦G”á@NSÛºø’¡'b8œ P¶r7L‹i2d¾yò½Ó Äâ˜Aj¢-j–Óf›šìeå§ i;£9ßq28ÙˆFw¾[úÿACÞeMÝ9 KOcnF“¿cºrcj5ZËßÆBöÁg%ü*n®fÿ}ùÿ{#ÞL¯åq¢¥Y 5BÆþåÏZ_KÖÁ¸OÐoü–ÿûøÏ’C{¹·wpð»è(ÙÒE[?}òÊd55¸\3 ©±K·z!<ÛŒÆÕÜvIsÐúéÁþ_|ﯾpŸíí£Ö/ßÙ—É -‘xóÖÞ¬F|Z˜'¿üòï¯n¯¦™.óÑâ¶Ó5BU4tA³ÖˆçFot¶dÐÔŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£ŽF£Ž™¦ÎlëÅþ¦i ­ðNù&Ó(\ó¥Ð8žîJâ0 W¹eûÚ›iÌJš;ÅOÎJkô¿èh¦Á'¢‘ßè¨û…,i ÕׄÄÔÍ:©®‰ˆÇõ1"¤¸ø‰k©M‰£{õ#­)YüŸýëBïêG=MH+i¸å„šn™õ4Ñ7¦/Ožÿu/œ‡Ëék7™¸à‰æGò¦Uø•Lþgiå^MM |SÐ{q+¬a¼ôõÖpÔCÇÖµ%.Åü¦/ùâ‚™×wþÏ CœÐ°Å£ÎA‡ —^sÑÊ~½/$£ðB#:EhlÃEGèÈêÈ=2i? tJiúáYûãàwÛ3 N4r±JËunG–\.ã¨5½Xƒ@s iÓ.Öp:@³3Óçœc~Øî˜å0ìá6hïvÒSj(hˆ\çv$©q ÖâdYãñ#óÜ;x0€ãã§íŽÜ#ãª4ž?ÑØœ08/ ù ‹‹5O1j-h^ç³sHtHÆâ_z4‡¦|ô…¬—4ýð‚XRG®Ì"xš#¥†E„Ÿ¶eŸ`þ hž™6æˆzá Œ@}˜Ñü1qìV¬¡L®ºÍóDc“ö’ÆFÇÔäR8]C~g A èhi>’šáDóÁçò½ òCJcÓ‰¦C9O4È‘š"ûù¢ñø«6êÈ=öˆJÃÏ0?}ñÔÚoáÐàgÖð3“Áë¡y!Ó4vZ#ÍÓˆr¶ ±3¨=©a6{­X³×FmÔr¡ ©5V¬¡O ©±:ÆÐ1å{AÓÆfà3ê¦4P@Vapþ?™Øã,GÓ·ÝÓøL™—±æIû Öœ©5!5ýÞÉ!m›Ðq«máó¤†@‘ÂAÀ3šs—ð©æÈ "Ó¹NÜ%Mò¶÷ÿ¬c b m>ÁðTuñD‚æ"Öt(h 9ðBÑFò6e”ª‹¹u™œ)Žºr=v-à í/k^œš-_fÝ‰æ  tz˜¯‘8ÀܼD—Þ¼…O.Âíõ=´Ý08¸H4Ç$Oskº±ÆÅRÓÅK&— úÈ´8ÃñÆG'Ç* tQÂø,Zbi‘ûŸ\]Ž¡m¶®¦/Ä·{^Ç7 DÝì³BÔ%Kmx¼¤4n\JĤb§ùšlO#Ìn4óæmÑ… o²käå¦oÄÂ.û‹;^ø[_£¢-i"Iðd—e}ÀùX3ýjé`¦‚&JiÊû3M†¿Z,ó|ZªÁ54™ ש)MÙðt¦É,‰,èÍ'ES1æS¥š‹¹¦,60·uÿÜM…h4êh4êxç4f’—nETGnE¸^V¥’Dns®¡)}&Ø<*hro×ÐhÞ%.Cõ`¤œ¨«©0¨{—¸P¤øz5¾Q#7Å54åyèkrqÍýK3¹O6ÌÑÈç=<ÌîiŽªí+!ŠcÌÑœ?ØÔ§b¼ág¤@çZGv¸âLù u“¦&BGˆÈ¡õ nÁ˜º@š¾!Zâƒýú!jhls»ä·âÊ'¹Ã’eM8×´bMA%â·’c#DÄ‘£QµõµÉYL£‹sqYé™}ÿ”ô¼Oô+hèHµ¥ú)êbÆ„éŒA£lÓXׄøÜ° LjaDž·×D‚¢´éƒfu0grN²PCa¯dà lr©ñt5pÈœ2© åü¦Q q á'Â;úLùÉ1Äçr¯Ø7*h¹•i<Ñ&üå$,+Èž˜kŽvµ5ñQø¸À2MqÑ™J4M —š×±éjø4ß`_¥*ÊÅý8ÇùfèŒYA™šh‚X³WA#K8Ä%\^ò êâ©Ê”S¬‰Sœ~rŒâºšc õÍ@Ö~>hðÒìX*wa¼+/˜±FY'ù`•¸LaÝ25ª'æµ&ʯ§’på¬h¯k¼‹AÃÕþKpŒ†áÇÇØ6ûÚíìÓž·šE¿•ÌÑòIñc9Õ­ÔÀÿEI]ü’Ë'õjj„ mŸOásò nü_+èm±X!S Z¬™§8£€\¬Û¿qÅ8ÍÁÛdž(*ìûÉÞÕmªÐ)û~QœâòANLjlmMó:¾üiØsúþׂ—íUGS‚IkÊzéóãu5¥cÍ šù¾ª`æï+]?×äV"öª¡QÖ¯9Z²é ç·jš[Õ&Ëš¥¯¦[—¦BT˜ (9Æ Ïm•œõwn¦mƒÑhÔÑhÔÑhÔÑhÔ±[šÿ^³h6ü„IEND®B`‚tDd ÓÄèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðäàÎ]§Î-Ôô§~fÜDpÿÀ¡A;nð¸àÎ]§Î-Ôô§~fÜDpÿ‰PNG  IHDRìɃž*ÓgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.)ŸOçD7IDATxœíܱnã6ðO§6JQàxc†ÖÌØ1èt(ó¦î·(új˜N5hLß Ýºví ²5pnpË1Hqe†,i7AR)¶LÚbrÇ?;1lü,Š¤Hš(Ÿaà›—Ô+ï3ÿ¤ø÷~ù{ |àøÀ>ð|{Nô<•‘Â^øTâ±?¼€ àú1.²’öˆ¾0|ix/U/8 “,î¥áÍx4ãíu‡>?æ É!OÄ>xŽx"©’؃­À~Õüã—¿—À>ð«åÈ+/‘Wžùå]&î¼tߺó<^‡nÏ'^yF½òÕZtKþJ§úNЊžëÁþµ´éØñ¥*bux!hN4.­Ûo€ÖœªA5·í¬x­ÍùÉœ/úå+@ÓoŒ:$µ¢ˆM,»`;~MÖühhøAÄF}ò…J2‰QÉ8$9Lvb]>xæ…/U‚äßðà™/«oúçÓs¦g㸬Õq¯åã$­é‘/$ÊÄg5¢ŒQV½Ä}ò§|ˆÓš4/pÆzíõrÀS]ãöAÓœfÖk{–®¾äÈ[^eÖk{V<Zņê Ï¥yä°_^U‰áIjÉvà¯~Õ›ù'Žú"þré‹7ÊŸ/çéùG¿I¾<þìá4õÀÛætv+ÀLÊð÷"ÖÆŸØðëË”š[Í%‰~xì—Ÿ †ù÷ËŸò8ù|ó–™P/…¿ ± Þ Äùó.üÛðÈœ{ꇮU¯X»~<5ƒbÍ7b›|{ Í ÍGæÏ>üýì¶à  žC³•5ùyÝ5}ûªUkëKÎZùßÛê&ÏB:òm“ÕŸÕ¯û¿<[»›ÝçúF×:¦]xr÷/iÊãl[Ò?ŒÐµÒ³qÓæ:ñ³Õá_XP?m}ÞRp&9˜"å[ _šþqU9Ú}}vÜNÏyÓä:Õ|¡[¨\êí|OW¸æ³µ—NíÞðKŽþKrµÚÕ7ŸÕ'Ñ…çÛI í2×Èg½­èÒé6ùèOzÃÅê<êΛ6rì¤5y:çñržµ¼G×Ì/¢¢e`Õà« ð×Ó¾Y?7—ÇÆç-}SŸüw^ù)m^—úäÿk¥žøƒu}8mÇo$Çäú>ž4¿ö>ð|à?rþÎtñiòg³±õ‹§ê-£Sܲ`Ù)vç_tÀ _žPc\r¢eTˆ¾ù1ª@}ôºàB‚ꗈŒšaCfé:ñ ¿ßÍXSøÀ>ð½ò½o|T¼O=ð^x¹x²G)1KTå´ÙAÚóçkÛ_xô‹7­2Ž§‘#¿°Ý/æ+FÀ•oÛÍr›Æ:ؽÔL"¦J·ïEÙŸûºÒ<õÆW‘ šw›ã:ð±žßÓÔ‰wèvæ|æóè™#ïÐí©ærZgpøie!H-ýñµ@¶¹ng _É8eŽ;ÌþÁ*_‚EqÃéIEND®B`‚ÊDd Sèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð:P[|GH‘ÓfLvÃv\CÿH;nðP[|GH‘ÓfLvÃv\Cÿ‰PNG  IHDRœnqÎŽgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.'ÉúrIDATxœíÚ=oÓ@ðÇ 22tH˜û@²„ù|F牥|T©êǨT†®L1SÄ”HEj$_/œ}ÅW¿œï.¾—¡÷—EÊË/¾øž{bvî³€4  h@Ѐ4 ÷½1b¬õP3I½ È:öŽ| 0ó6Æ· Í£€¤èoóh,EæÑHŠ®Ì£uÅÚDŠ›«ŸQe¦¶Qü ¡Ð„ÞD`Íwè×ô/,aÂÌÌ¡ù·¹Ø© @¯¿(",ѳÕÓœŽ2­˜— ô‡–üˆM˯T]âLO8Ú´œ¦2ôëBw§f}C”ÂH•#¯°Ff« æÓf/ôBd(*P¾Ô(¡£a ë0¯rt6,Ñ© ½¢Ûg4ª¡;Ôp¾3”/o-Ôô ^¥oÊXD«¦°…šnî ÕøºD+ª…&ÈúÐ:M„h£E5‰V¿ÞÚhì%QáwJ ÔZ*>°=TPbý)JÐ"l=ì)_hûR• ôÒj55s­Tu˜ûˆ.} PG(nýÂêÌô=¼ h@UÐAIö»‡OƒPIEND®B`‚çDd  yèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðW9/ºW"¡bVéÌH-X&ÿ3ßK;nð+9/ºW"¡bVéÌH-X&ÿ‰PNG  IHDRQ$5µörgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.%.$á½J¬ªIDATxœíÜ¿nÓ@ð3Fu¤f+[*ž1#Ì#±2Kؘ™‚Ä F†Ê©*ÑG`°CǦŠª5±É9öÝÙ>ŸïÏ/­û Ùùcz¾;_ü'åF¹¼¡û·Dq–$++é~kÛda@+.þéY‰ ÌŠi­5-ë ÒªEËŠA­¬ýbbfå"‹å¾ûª³œå,g9ËYÎrÖ@­ÕÐÚ´øÕ­­Ð -ÐB¬öí-¶‘ö€V(´2œäùçïë<ÆÜ«Iþ~šÜ ŸF/Þ •ñ‹©'´Fh¡‡ß’iòå•ø«Ž‘$k%[^–ÍFd¤9Á¬ ²¿™, )Ò)2Rk¥åY”k¿aӫɃwϼ³ë“‹Z»'=}¢èdÆ[$·’Å–_Z¸eifUvÕÌ*Ë‹Ì-¼µf•EZÛa" ¨åÍBSkÒ´ü´´Žu­rg䶑–Ë×µüNk®m•eàú„·iQ’T×Ê0µ}5Cº5›ûЦU ¬msDVhM¨U|0-‘¹åçÔÂdšj[qžýÈ‹ŠYÅ&šŽ…„Éjùå&š[r¥µ ë뉨¾²æR/·³C2=Eã½ÃÑ(ýIFšÍ°p²>/.^V­Ê¤æý«eÍ-‹}¨mÍ-óñk·–þ-±´?;$–ögšÌ:´¬â,gX¸þ„Ýæ1°Bþî6Û–‹Ï]×—ì¼kZ²@Zk@ëDÝ}µOuL®bieX–Ê>k«wc)¤ÑÊ´Zé´@Ë Îr–³œå,8‹]ÿ2Ý–_Y‘ÕycaÑk|3¯oYu˾ւˆ–ËÞšUÖq:LëÔÚòŽ¨5³µ¸v´î`_eÖ̾ß#À~OÛ1²®û ­î+Ù÷/jÏC0ëln[.Ÿ+6Øù »§cj± zo®ÕŽ‚ÅëYןF¨s,ì·´ØçPkßÖ¶NE%Š‹éesÙ¾ï\dåbK%FŸ@Ðꈖ%ýF³®…¬…AýwYš÷ߥɺû-eëJÓY¦q–³œå,g9ËYÎúÿ,íS‰µ “ß²u§ÊÖ-¨¦mUñX‡é±ôcÒŽ1ÿäÚΪåWgq±·@‹åÞîe6»Ëmý5Ek-´é´$ëa@K˜جî+>¢°´²ñ¹|íúx!Ú˜UûùH•íVâ¸xŒ{ŠÑï!ó_ô óÚm†>„Z´\åÒ ¹âXZ¡­õ‰³l/üÿdÝiß´\jV¬dÔZbÛrZÙn¬¹ÄJT¬¹í+XJIÉO’ªëäìWf‘-¡cõ]†ä,Ô_.ùÕÖÔÓ±zÊ…W•åožXYsœíƲ¼Ù”2+È—€–åͦÍf@YEs¼úYCNá¹ ª%ø¯Zh·«ýUë5{¦rX­°±£n•…ê\åV\αҽ¢Þr-¶³F;rg 쯴­D¡âô– óOVX¼¢Õ“µtIB ‹¥³\];$¶–ÚwÓ1¨f·ã×”>ºeó¤[`£NÛÂtV-µ–†½Û¶béšÒÃÍú‚´¤q–³œå¬áY ”uY §}‡rÝç=¬ÕÆIEND®B`‚@Dd ¹ èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð°Þˤ1]‰7tö²KðÄ—8ÿŒÆQ;nð„Þˤ1]‰7tö²KðÄ—8ÿ‰PNG  IHDR<|ÇŒGgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.%.%ø¦{íIDATxœíÛ1oÓ@ðs-°*g£ :ó ÎÆÆÈÌÂLG„ÄÀÀ7©ß‚5–º±ô#Ôˆ W­T \¶ïΉcÇÍÝ{S½¿”(ŠâŸÎ¾ó9yç0“ŒÕÏ¿± „DADADAí Ê#$(åX‹&%Œã@)Ê}ùàæD À¡°^Á!r‡ =C<¤î×ß C ø¤Í*è´½æÁ!9 C,(‚C|r@‚ÜMЕTu*ÏdÔ¦Ò¢Ý@åT¿hDÐ bAƒ!ˆ ‚"ˆ ‚"ˆ (u¦Á+Z-Nâ@å쮄(¤ÊÐÉ!Jñ _îZˆ{-ùX%Vl(Ä‚8’ÍبÂ>tƒ¡‚ðâ«jdÃ!ŽYôÚàÁÖ‹&ÐPÒ×XnQˆ¥à‹dª–3À×5Á£&6 ˆcA!¤–3PBADADAÝX¨@ƒ",hyr± åïs(ÔÖ0 P»9 W ’9Í«^>Ý>.¯ƒôá…êÌž$÷Âb±b+P1mέEq0T%¯wV!f 5‰Ö !N~í³À ÊæMI£ðúcà´~:—??¾cóúãóPÓOBñh'‹ñã¼\ö|ÈqW ÿ¨——G_ž²ûï£Cuˆ¬!¢ å-td5g­ªú-!nñôV¾Ÿ™C²ª–=îBÆŠÐóÑTßð]¨¸åæÓ…¸<ØfòRd²Äš)ˆ—ZõuMA)ë7RsH'{#! ©ê1k„z’²-w zbs¿—ÏêÖ‰…T¬@ñðlã8˜»÷uJ¶€tæûÞ¥Þ®×\ •JÇ¡ÁŒ]Ô_Hª—ËÙ@UfžhšRC®<ícÆ?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿ      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRþÿÿÿTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}Ýýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿšþÿÿÿ©“”•–—˜™þÿÿÿÓœžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂþÿÿÿÄÅÆÇÈÉÊþÿÿÿÌÍÎÏÐÑÒþÿÿÿ°ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛþÿÿÿýÿÿÿÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿRoot Entryÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀF°ÙÙ]ÐiÆ‘€Data ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿSGðWordDocument ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿg¤ObjectPoolÿÿÿÿC±]ÐiÆ°ÙÙ]ÐiÆ_1168735355ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀFC±]ÐiÆC±]ÐiÆOle ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ1Tableÿÿÿÿ’CompObjÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿhþÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿ þÿÿÿ þÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÀFÐèñóíîê Microsoft Word MSWordDocWord.Picture.8ô9²qþÿà…ŸòùOh«‘+'³Ù0ˆ˜ÈÔäðü ( D P \hpx€ã&Àâåðüÿíîâ “Õðåñòîìàòèÿ ïî ïñèõîëîãèè”of [&@ñÿ&1KG=K9mH:A@òÿ¡:A=>2=>9 H@8DB 0170F0 ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿðlðð,bð$buDQR6vOUÌOúÅÿ© @ñÿÿÿ€€€÷ðÐððnð( ðúD˜Iÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ðð6² ð  ðAðððB ðS ð¿Ëÿ ?ð~ 8tÿ@ˆ¶²p@G‡:ÿTimes New Roman5€Symbol3& ‡:ÿArial"ñˆÐhŽìWŽìW!¥À´´€r0nÿÿ,,ObjInfo ÿÿÿÿOlePres000ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ›¨OWordDocument ÿÿÿÿÃSummaryInformation(ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿËÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ‚5 €O À'ª'  3ª'C Ì33(3Ok.’.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÏÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿà?þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿà?þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿð?þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿð?þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿð?þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿà€ÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿð€ÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿøÀÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿøÀÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÀÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÀÿÿÿüðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÀÿÿÿþðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÀÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿùÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿùÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿ€ðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÀ?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÈ?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿùÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿùÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿûÿy: ÙÀÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿýÿÎþÄ™øi@|ÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿðÿÿþÿû€¼€€ÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÄÿÿþ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿü’€öÿÿÿþÿÿÿüÿÿÿð°Œ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþàÿÿÿøÿÿÿø2nÏÿûÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿ€pÞ?ÿ¿ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿŸÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÀÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿðÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€?ÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿñÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßÛÆò ÿÿÿþ€ÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÝÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿ,0Ôÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿü ÿþŽð‡ÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿ°Aÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿ?ÿÿþÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿÇ™ÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿè; ÏOûÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿCîÿ™ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€?ÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿøÿÿÿÿ 0Ï-ÀYˆÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿø?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿü¿ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿïÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüŸÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿôÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿýÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿü€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿü€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÀÿÿÿü€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿü€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿýÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿüÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿü?ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿïÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿïÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ÷ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿàÿì¥ÁI¿bjbj²³²³ÇÐÙÐÙÿÿÿÿÿÿ]’’’’’’’ÂÂÂÂ Π¤¶æææææUUUikkkkkk$ZôN>’U3"UUUi’’ææMæiiiU ’æ’æi¦´’’’’Uiiii’’iæÚ 5½8ÁÂÂ_ i ø jUmHýþþ°ËN °ÀN!°&""°'"#Ä$$Ä$%°nð¡buDQR6vOUÌOúÅÿ‰PNG  IHDR3XC6LgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.k.”0* IDATxœíÚ¿n1p_Sz°1%RÅÃxf±"!;Á€bËT¡€Ô*`" BŒLp DåjÓ³ï_N¹?¶j ý}—VJú‰}öùÒŸM8HætÐÙ„³°ÌQ :è ƒŽRËÚóo8ß-s´‚:è £ã$Är†@Ž ä €Ç.Ç­ þ±2CHêxÆ“(s¨]Žkì¸!¤c>î.Ðüqî `Ç3vBHÇ|ÙÈæ!cÜ-ë÷‹Éq7n·Ì‘ýjK¿¥ºÛé(‡C9c¿ÿ ƒ:è ƒ:è ƒ:gÒ™9c ‡½¿ÓÉßÑêü Z^”N^iÝÿJö;¼’%ë?‡ o›u:yÉ9uâÆ:vÇ«:¢ÀA*¹8Ú^ ï==×éV§ÈòíʘOZ¿â 5ùzs4½»,G×É㾤)m-'Ÿ×‘â Â9¸½­åx…ãÕ vÉy°àyô„l)9;5‡}Î~Yp~9¸ºë8ÈN£3,ºèìÓ›Ÿ£DŽs©Ù>%¢ Ì3wø燺ã”Ny}”Çì~—קp Ç—Žœ?Ùj©;²ù<ÜËueÇ«8IÞ¢îð5N¤îdÉç¡“5GÙ™e?½PŒ—S6N/™#®zxâåKû «:4½y¿øüP|„†“þMÜ°,\'äÁ¥`Ê—N"ºµ¯VäÙ‚MŽ[>—“Kßj¶ˆ÷’º¿ùê1e'KÍ9ytr¤ái¿^•N$PÆ—ô5¥jÎê÷Ò°ŸvÌß³£I|ÿÖã~íÞ—[òG7FÃv'Ö¿/Väh¬cëÈa@Žús§Áùc™£Ÿ;µCÖwj9='rútÐAtÐAçL:ïÌ@ 'r¨ùAêÿÔ ¤:Y]&GœƒÝ¸Sü[,ëc`1î¬ãØå°©“Èz&Óƒæ¶9ñÒ™;Ñ‚8s±_ùÌСb3w#Û3·ÆÙÏÓ(à ŽyÐé :ö; È©ÆÄ©–²mh:è ƒN¿LœõA甜¿Àá¬á|Ò¦?IEND®B`‚þÿ à…ŸòùOh«‘+'³Ù0Tˆœ¨¸ÄØ èô   (4<DLãssÎËÜÃÀfËÜà Normal.dotÎËÜÃÀ.d2ÜÃMicrosoft Word 8.0@@_¶8Á@_¶8ÁDocumentSummaryInformation8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÔ1Tableÿÿÿÿ2KSummaryInformation(ÿÿÿÿ¸DocumentSummaryInformation8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ @þÿ ÕÍÕœ.“—+,ù®DÕÍÕœ.“—+,ù®0ì hp|„Œ” œ¤¬´ ¼ ÉãÄÎÌæ   Íàçâàíèå˜ 6> _PID_GUIDãAN{7C7E5520-844D-11D5-AF28-808A5FC78F0A}      !"#$%&'()*þÿÿÿ,-./01>3456789:;<=+?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXýÿÿÿYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€ðB² ð S ðA?¿ ÿð€bðÍ Ä µ3[ Mëîë7Œ,ÿ©V;nð¡ Ä µ3[ Mëîë7Œ,ÿ‰PNG  IHDR3XC6LgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.k.’fp(Ž IDATxœíÚ¿n1p_Sz°1%RÅÃxf±"!;Á€bËT¡€Ô*`" BŒLp DåjÓ³ï_N¹?¶j ý}—VJú‰}öùÒŸM8HætÐÙ„³°ÌQ :è ƒŽRËÚóo8ß-s´‚:è £ã$Är†@Ž ä €Ç.Ç­ þ±2CHêxÆ“(s¨]Žkì¸!¤c>î.Ðüqî `Ç3vBHÇ|ÙÈæ!cÜ-ë÷‹Éq7n·Ì‘ýjK¿¥ºÛé(‡C9c¿ÿ ƒ:è ƒ:è ƒ:gÒ™9c ‡½¿ÓÉßÑêü Z^”N^iÝÿJö;¼’%ë?‡ o›u:yÉ9uâÆ:vÇ«:¢ÀA*¹8Ú^ ï==×éV§ÈòíʘOZ¿â 5ùzs4½»,G×É㾤)m-'Ÿ×‘â Â9¸½­åx…ãÕ vÉy°àyô„l)9;5‡}Î~Yp~9¸ºë8ÈN£3,ºèìÓ›Ÿ£DŽs©Ù>%¢ Ì3wø燺ã”Ny}”Çì~—קp Ç—Žœ?Ùj©;²ù<ÜËueÇ«8IÞ¢îð5N¤îdÉç¡“5GÙ™e?½PŒ—S6N/™#®zxâåKû «:4½y¿øüP|„†“þMÜ°,\'äÁ¥`Ê—N"ºµ¯VäÙ‚MŽ[>—“Kßj¶ˆ÷’º¿ùê1e'KÍ9ytr¤ái¿^•N$PÆ—ô5¥jÎê÷Ò°ŸvÌß³£I|ÿÖã~íÞ—[òG7FÃv'Ö¿/Väh¬cëÈa@Žús§Áùc™£Ÿ;µCÖwj9='rútÐAtÐAçL:ïÌ@ 'r¨ùAêÿÔ ¤:Y]&GœƒÝ¸Sü[,ëc`1î¬ãØå°©“Èz&Óƒæ¶9ñÒ™;Ñ‚8s±_ùÌСb3w#Û3·ÆÙÏÓ(à ŽyÐé :ö; È©ÆÄ©–²mh:è ƒN¿LœõA甜¿Àá¬á|Ò¦?IEND®B`‚¶Dd N %èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð& ¤jÞI"‚Z.Ñ96ŠÿiZ;nðú ¤jÞI"‚Z.Ñ96Šÿ‰PNG  IHDR[ݶ}%ÞgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.$*á™ yIDATxœíÛ½nÕ0`—ÊƘû0v¨#¯À°v¨” †>Òô -ñ–¨„©Ò„k;‰}“sœcÇHd/¨éíWÇÇ¿Ç…õé gËXÆ2–±Œe,+bm‘“,!ÆY™ Û±„K‡µìX±þx1ž{ì,¦#p’ëØÆV;è´Ön£±ÆŸÆâ›­f½­žd¬Ý¢qÛKº³EZ¿¬4_*§fìɶš ˜zi…bÖŒ?-Nz£UŒ`۹دˆýë vunžuºÿGDTèw3Øõ€õf0…¿¨`çKìÎüÃB5a?ÆïFTèv1]cÂì7ÃF¼¸´ØÕëcà`Íòº0M¼u°rñí°ˆº¯ µñNÍ@l?±W5kÀ‰_i‹À`˜íÍ è*§dÌvÚ þHMŽ¨;6¬!¯||SᤤaÕ*ÖRGw&G #+^N÷b”ˆ:ØOóäúXM ‚°ØPÀ÷ùN£K îï’¢ñb­ÓQf]ƒûAG£%€ÍöŽ:\ì©‚ªÚóP ‹5qÖ=<ˆÕÈìÊiÚüT‡DŽ¶ŽÎ¯ù)Úöc†IlóŽ5€Ó‘‹ÖÙlãHÙ0,SJû|’°=]bÂLaóçr=@’D4ð„¸¾ôA—ikì¹óiÞbªÙ>ÏV±¤û=ò[ÊPìQµuµ|ÞúO·HÊKE:AµÞˆbù3lãèÝ¢É8,•à›ÚPL ‘“žQ…§ 1í×pL"U±yŠé¹Ü¡ýÇa+Bu]ojµAš­A#íÁZ$•Ð"Uö'}[äà‰V2È ©ѵt4Ö<`D×0ìÌŽ¶ÕD9¶Æ 6ëYw¤‹BSÛ:†MˆÀYyë°¹z¹a \.`Ãj±XQ°Gä¨(æ=ští¡š:߶3v‡â£n'$^È ëËl3CÄ0ÛR¯Š$¼`v±¡bÝn6ƒ™\5ð\Æ`ئ¥‹ÂtD_/·60¶©ýƒaµ%è]0c0­©°ÆðäÏ òÍ« 9ÇŠˆ=¬oC¡&RÐS_ æ½é Æ`MœÆa÷P³¹÷"Ó#þéì™›&  !s49a6µº ÃÄ4Éj|b±ÐÛ¾é¼.‹¡fñشٕÃÌÈ/ã1³"T{l bCͦ®+‡@ˆ— Œ¦*µ^–Ç?VØÐ5ƪ‚˜,‚1³cÃÈ2×F½DpŠŽÅlÍD6ÜG›Ø¹#àc Ö¿q°-ýÌÝwõ’À¯½÷N”ÒÁX…Ù­w¯×â,›ÁåÖGVÌt]ÓôSâKRlÜ/86V&ÁôŒ&¿ôI0g ÝŒEw°RGÄpìà«ØMJì°d,cËXÆ2–±Œý3XŸ±Œe,UÉcó°vÓÿ¤8N¬‚°Ø–KŠÅ¤£“agv~÷ßbü¯aŸ7bæÏÓ“a¶klÍË”m–»¶Xq¬˜L‰‰rk×p±bëL;`‹©¬Z"zöðIEND®B`‚èDd  èèð<² ð  C ðA ¿ÿð€bðX¶õé­›<K …t(E¥ïÿ4`;nð,¶õé­›<K …t(E¥ïÿ‰PNG  IHDR6™e¬ÀgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.(›Q潫IDATxœí›=®ã6€åè!îbX Íâ±ÜrË”>šøìr”§äQÊTQ÷´» ýQš¡‡ÔÌÈ@^AV²l}r~9¢‹ÛCF_dNædNædNædNædNædNædNædÁùç1œE¢oŸþ¶¦:Àé 3_ ãzˆsyç<]œêpÚËéªVsúaeÎO3§9ÈéžgN7pT˜QNœ“çœqÌü¸;0¯ÓÄ)WŽY¿“ûó ¬ÏÍE©“ç2q>nÝB÷ ìpRüEÇyíÇsÚâI§±™ÓùÕí‹s½h컈ãΈ㊳¿–r¦u^•d/7ÕļýŽÕ˜¢·gÿ¹1ãi8çã4¦¸øûʯàlNùŠ9×шä¦ØŸoˆãŽf¥û æLN®æ7]Ê„ÞÈ»Žâ$M‘æò yÃÄAN'6Eš£õåâËz«>ÄÙV·ÓùÆrQ¼ú[IÍïs~Yïµ[9pbòà±r: „Æ7Šõbã(‚Çf?v³$'ŸØÆiÀdäÛ80¤Ê£ð‹CœöˆÆæœFZJCBˆóä@!¬PcTª1Ç@=& ˆ}¬–­4â`™»s9ðaa4ý)ùiLâä YIpÔ¾p°)5F3‘Æî9›?H4v—ß-Œf|»çèÂý†TAŬë>FÕQÛÃ|Qœmuù#ë1ð-WcF0vT$8p¥ÙQ‘êY˜pZ 7ÿPœr˜[z²ïÔÍõ1’ì8•ÇܧC¾qUËÓÉ4ÝEÑŒeŠ4§Cá^ϑ矧‘úX¬oŒŠW£ç`aßM6iÐvƒácc?ª"9Û>ªfhläê‹ZV¼F9lb Ï äW=GîÎGšƒkšqIppIUísž#þÓ@KilîÅäAþLÐ 'ºˆÜ¯*·÷Ä°0Ü'‚G)ãvxã—Bž“úC*Ü{NTdðp**úuŽþí£â[8ÏqÛ°pbQßðv˜à°Â½çÄ%v¬oî§87Ö¶eá¤|<ßnø÷ +ÜïÈ4u ŠvPA‹ú˜ç˜„0°¯qÛçlþðßnpÎpò‡S3Â=ëœòŠü ‹c÷‹`U ô,N¿ß„á©w5Æãì‡{§GƒQsàêÒõ “s916š¢žƒ‹WBc\ ÷DfŸ#ÚÙn°9&Ö_õÜîÒsv:¸üsVéÏA[ú;SäszdÔ<±ÐÇœ6U¼ 8}ª»$9…5&á îR 1 k ¯´è¼Ÿ'V'±A”?Œw—dXá>žŒ…ÀÁCx®}CÈAÝ%¨1!'Ú<r`®èŠÏjNðæOÏéP)¤çÄŠW1§¡«˜ãPÅ`ÔœHwIÎAÅëô‡úmìŽpàËì+àHÏFÄê(+=AmÂ4ª¤Ÿ8FÆ¡&¦‘'lÛºâg'([ÜÜßxi¤œ ŽZú$/­˜cƒ\1qN‰ü<:¦hö—ÿä.Á²ÄW‘U¿ë0M‡v Uw;‘¶™~¢îvæPvÇMç½­Ý9L6HCÉd©r&“çš¹ä>ŒlÍ # SgÊ)Z“Ña©'#ŽÓo›Ùû1¤RðUáÇ «d™uá•bݘ â07¯xœÊoøŽqE&ƛïd‡æ]ëB@1ŽENç·aR'%£Ó[JÆ­1 J¦¿ sé¤è*Õ¶#£öcú°Ãé*IæÇs•‰¼Ñ˜­ˆöÚïä"ëß>ã±h“ Ö­5› “±Ä¼ö ]%»ÂiþšfØd~]Pë®2É *º ›`¨«› ÖKû32 :mgtÓ8µqœa`®LîcŒùЧ@¹êÂŒ£€è#Œ]BŽ~«×¡®LF^Þ>çT€Œbt­¿’= 2Œ%N¶1¢ßO«ØÑmD Ç£€©°1”Æ;bÝeÐ|J3 (˜5Fªí’Î/`ÄȈ¤Ú˜Í(W8ÃAôàx‚±;ì=Ñ|JÆ’é2Tó«IŒê7rd­Ùg~€î;±™ì3(¿#U"˜‘y“j#bÀЃc‰f@•$Ú-ÐŒ£€ÞF!F*+0bP~z#9]¥3·J]äqd’¡4ã9ä·Íèÿ~F¼N]°GÔÃôáG VÆFdŸQx‹’x0…ï¥1Ô‹ç_5C}(Ø-Œ1T€žäÇ þèɸçwŒAs;¹¹)^s¯’fàZ*i&ŒW~ó-`Ðj–ñêÍxä×0¯7‚eCÈ«Öú¤hF¥5fÌMð惿W?½c˜mÚfnÊh›ŠÓo²æ.ä‡Fyè£TL}OT•g‚ÖùǸe¤Më—c•\Ÿœå/6-&7Œ}’¶w|Í”¯[yÇëR—ÙÛ‚WnnŽVUºödZÝOw:°‘œdÒõñ¤tCìô°ÑÃq7¹ÆëÇe^[&©´ÎŸb¶o4#ËÓ°ˆïc9Û4ŒÝš;îkLÒ09Ú_:0‹†ÃÄÀoMôÂÞ/Îv–ÉêÆ\Ïi©”eæŸSÍ$E9 2é€ñ®V=4ÕR†¯ª_–Tý[†‘>JÌt¾³„ñúK2 "2‘‰LdÎù>ý/÷¹ Ã8Äßeyô_1¾ñ2ÎkÀûtR‘‰Ldüâí*#Y †-#—2—šñ½5d6˜Ã¹2ë, Ã1éI0y &ÉNŠ tRAÆØóPŒºÀlOŒ‘a¾žñL «BlY6çÑÉ8=€Ç±>)fUäᘽ\Èö&x ¦8ÇÖ*³˜ˆL7Ò“bú™ÈÜæ6 C -2çËüɵÆ£)ÿIEND®B`‚öDd # …èèð<² ð  C ðA ¿ÿð €bðf¦ˆÏÿãä3J‹š0?!¢ÿBm;nð:¦ˆÏÿãä3J‹š0?!¢ÿ‰PNG  IHDRRñ:ËYgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.&ÒË3¹IDATxœíÛ1Ž¥FÐý`’•~hg\ÀÁ†N,ö>‚}‡–¼¬|(‡Û™s_Àm¶ƒåizÁð‡†*¨jªºÛ’åù3輪ººiøf,¶XSÚúò ,ß”³†ºœUfy]ÖïÿQëSA+¹[wënÝ­»•`ýVÐZ3-×ã¡ eJXÕbÔ¬`¬Vn‹ŽÏ&Z­1ášÿ®›¹¤YÛž¶_­‡dëñ`%^}Râ_³êj˜vl««ò,¿uÁº¤%Ú–«‰V»%S®åÌš“ÑdYÖ¼ auâÒ&XÞ\ú5f6俹„Ðê¬+°ê`%åê”[~ÝφßIÖ”¨£_Ûqžå¦Š5¬õ%ϲœõÈìÀ/þöÿCJ@ëJïYúÛÿ¯ŽÖV ©ÕÒåÀ¦”hæ§XsYR¬Ð‡°<—E VÇí’`(þ½³ž”Ô:ˆ¿v–ö°`ñÎz«Ý,ŸiÁ(ºL F±ÅCµN±ßå¿Ú2[÷Ðíò_kSö©©µ@[̵zE»¯bJ«¥óÐÄ•–1oÂê>ŠG«‰RS[üf;Ä:ñ¸>Î?ž¦ž¦û2Þîžcf¡õôqÙúòÇw/V,V„õ +Nmñy\jÑI­[ÕQˆBMžcè‚Žè‹491 «>ü=X’JíÀЃºóÑ—ƒ•ènVŽÅRS…ÕÁS¤vSXèÊSƒ6¹5 rSeYàX¨DUZë±xzà ¶`EméA“ØÂQ¬³,°Ç ½¥–ý"Õ®5j?ìXNfŒŠŒ EÔvŠžÝ‹­-#|ÃN­iÿæÏé÷Tîß™KC?e”Y~¶Æ›õÙܬôã£mÏÏ%I­¯Â*E¡åш¤Î²`møi‘%h‹R WTþ6XböÓÓUcÕa5E‘ëÛ…º™ŠMþ¬ÞÄ& έga%V+*¹µ[çåÎ,wE±ÛbK_y·Î“ŸX§£…ea_F·E·{VÁ.í>ŠÇѨû)XmT;âdý,³@[$î4ŽVÃS½¤-n×>j‰Ú¢[磣M_0"‘ZçcTlÅê8AáõŠYÖ|V#ÕyËÕÖ6ÜF¸¢V¬õ^_àö|ˆTT‘…®<ß/º÷§Ö€n¦øŠ ­†ÛFÅi»oÏ-k~«}ì©›ûzµ\Moâш¤ŠX[NtÌf8Š<¬œ%î˶6Ä[Û)žYͲUûŽ¶@_£ÂeŽ#mNƒ­¨G«¦þЃD–8…+ª„âsìÝ`‹úNRºX¢"‹þEQ8ÅÏYàó\Ëë£ÈZ Qd-èÒ(r–Gm±Ê²@û_yÎ9'l‹¬§šÅQd,èñŠznÁö#â¹EÍ£j¬N]Qy+¥-2V>k&¶:ÙèFbù¤¶H[½¸_<·lb)«…ý¢êùþÁß©ë,M[¤,8®äï4d¼DòŠJ[–ªýDŒì,˜èä3 …Õ¡~±UË΂Cõ‹(ØòèÉneuèN#Ï2°-ªßAŒâñªÎr(QµÞ&zÒ{(Û:lËûçóZ«Gý¢šB–ÍŠ"¶†áœÕ¡Ñž‚–ƒ5ååÑÍÂQ¬³,<±ÑdYâé]‰»þ*ËÊèËz‘$íà`yÔ/ÖÅ,Å0œ´:õzÄ‚§XåYýºjU‡O’O‘VÅ,å.f)Ç•Q+±]¿Xx*0=ŠG+=ŠG+=ŠØz•7SËž<XÀÒÃ÷Öµ]ÖMVwV£¼™â­Áð¯ h-?[´:“ò÷β›•Ed¹ä¯­6ùk6G+õ[#„5äž"°úÌ+?[}A«»¶Í¼æÊXu)«]Œì”–)`--g(a-Çå‹×x{¨3·ìœB¸Xýl¹|kž¿Y¶u-s\ƒù0ö™9º.E­_Ï^°VX…œ»õ¿±¦“øå5Xÿ¤}X˜=ßñIEND®B`‚¡Dd ƒ èèð<² ð  C ðA ¿ÿð €bðàtÚ)ýȳÅ)ØÊ$+˜Yÿíýs;nðåàtÚ)ýȳÅ)ØÊ$+˜Yÿ‰PNG  IHDRfAç£ñÚgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.'ÌÊÊdIDATxœíÜ¿’Ü4pÝmf–îz(–Ž– Õ)AÇ+0CÃDÚ 3”)¨aóyû:ºÀ¬˜¡ WdÉùì¬%ÿ‘lYÖ÷I·ñqúŠì¯gYl²Cª€Q…h,¨fˆ¨^Û?mQ‹ZÔ¢µ¨E-jQ‹Ú‰´¿ƒj{ˆU -™^¾ho„FÍ wGmb‘9þÚ¾û¬í&“öŸM»ì·Ù~`ãïnÚ70` 9PÓ&5ñª•Ìºø÷…¨Ò^Õì5çø'¨–³Zv1Öø…ù·Úz¬‘µù·¡cí ¯m†ZIšÝW"´•x}ÃT‰%m@4Y¬ô¢Ó "JŸCœ]}×­úƒ8.4"jŸ©Û6©ÉxïcòˆpñŽ?¹Üóo¾¯þd{±Ž(*'ÍLh¬ÓV)Õö,hPm%4Úµ·3¡õV“ñûÓŠµŸþĦ¥tP ³Q|Í~¹|ô¡IÛf¨fˆŒÈuu ‰Õšè Á4Ù2ÚkcˆÜIZ-¬ðš\Ui½Á½Í@«i ¯±F«úÖÛ-½kòU‘z­„VnÝ0ênj¡ÓÀM¥nbÅÍXƒ7¼öü^MI›rѱÍØ µÝ\ÑdHH-÷ж#-;¹öܶPÓê*뱯œµRŒËvÍz «Ÿ rÁÑþ ZB×R¢—µ`>ZAt®€af =Ú Î¢9YgJMPoMTì&ȶåõ w¬‹uB;Ô¾»¯>š9̵ʡ‡9iÍ…²¬Ó!½µBjÜ¡ÿ»kÕ§SØ©+ÊÕæ¯O‡ƒ“Ÿ–"š‰åÚ¹>¯[-Z¯Ûu} ÞuÖ,‡î:{Î!î:»–»ÄL>XsZ Ú¸Ù\Ír˜˜Ïüp@E8ä‘2÷Â:h…{Y]r\wmÄN3çsN·ü[á8t:fóR·ŠuÍ ¾¨·. ¥åN뜷,ÚTEÍé¨È©fó…hùüÐ É÷~1;زdz»–‹æ3»¦e3eæÉ_Ø;Ðy@b-+4‡/¯v¦Ú xF µ•>¿PX Ûh©y©)Êtº¬˜ŒÙô)6(›Ç䋬Ø/}µ6Ò©.†Ê‚æSÍ¥=þ‘ŒÎy?[ÓÊO –+ÙDd c yèèð<² ð  C ðA ¿ÿð €bð® ~·óÂ7†»å,HwPÿŠžz;nð‚ ~·óÂ7†»å,HwPÿ‰PNG  IHDR*$;ˆgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.$*á™ IDATxœíÚ?nÕ0p—W)-K: ^%.бCÕ°sÄ `gH8 œ"1À‚¸Rsƒ‚HâÄéËÛß[´{¡¥/¿ÛßgÇvD¢"2‘‰Ld"™ÈD&2‘‰Ld"s«Ly/ â~ QˆíbJqt7)2U©Ä›IÃ0Û®R'þÌQÇœú3IW©³»Âœ'Aš8sÑ3¤ð»´0¹?JB¤¦fRîõÍЪ}‡çÖaëbª)³˜ß¶?ëKûœ*R.Óˆ‘I] Pêò†i}˜1påÞŠ±TÀT¤Ð},S5ˆr™Rè>60„"Ƹ•ÛŽi˜J5Öi`˜J;ö“®—Ù¥´#ÅÞä76³«“³k`/FŠÙ…\FÌÇL&S‡aŠy˜L#³YÞ “³Øã2]Ðd†«‰–Ã,ƒ†Éb5µq˜|ý(Ã`ÊeÐð˜b4,¦†G:#Ã0bÝO ¦¦§32c“aÖYÉbrCìÑ™j•Æ4tf9”ó˜Æ4dÆ”• Æ0Ò0˜õŒÀbL1Ž4t¦²Þ ‰±D0‘± ‘¶ ¡1®•6ž©­ACb\u"0Ž&0«NxÆ<”“GìC"LWûXÆ0`1W"gÐààf:Fº¿§/}À™Á€û_jkÕýEª€W(FÚGÏ ³…˜ÒÝO×_PŒcFèK¿ T>€6ì3‚fÔFï)ÀVK¦ßèÝ‚Œûs0Ò9Ò´zÃlb0öäqÇsF˜s%w÷‰3¸R`VŽMìîÎL7nq(20çÎŽ€ë„aàÛÆy@P"6ì‡ð;v|ÑÀzÜÙ†ð€¥>ôb ¬œ2öO‰€b0 |“áö/ÄAhÆú÷4#ãü;0`áD" Lêbu‚‘“‹AÅÈ bÞNãì .@¦BöÀØÁ@O#H†vLnehŒ6¦"ƒÁ XÓ`†r˜!ɉ'¸fæfaùÓ‹!6°!'ìè 0’|îobÜ+w4­ ã¼ÞÄÐëdbè ldË=óƒÞÀ¦1p˜ÔôÁ+³:ÝãÝ ï•“%S‘f9+ƒY#ŒdeåŠ)‘kÃ+,S¦ÈpCù/7“gœ¬\1"+9¼`jõ¢ó­© S‰s^oÏ)N¹uš2¥ =`Ù˜.)ÙoŠL˜œ3SÆ£N†7ì­˜: #mj4¦ Ãäa*%<™½'ê‡Æ—b·ë(vb*F?IËÛg®&k‡üfff?Þé»ñ`ºÕNÇlrÞÕ &)˜—/Õù2éð¯ôdt¸Ê?FH¿·åÁè™Zn½˜Z?Qy3C õ•ª}˜´g.èÌäáfœdÚõT}äq7{7L50ÏÄ}•U¯ßãÇ®îq³oä £F-]Ž?]6Y÷?[ãµ×íÛV¿Üª˜dÇäÙŒ¡•T3yg>LyˆIF¦m?´ß®6,¦˜2ª\ªÆ>øøôàð`_ìcÕ¯âáfÎÌËÕïòð`’¡=:愶fù©†íçÙç—Í+Ñ'•bžŠ¼­¨KŸÃMG1›ÑoVëÔ Àd>L;2ýQ´…³Ý1o<˜vÇðˆþú7£fL=Ýy3mfRxoô®Ë?Âda˜YùÎg¾N~þ†ñ¨Ôlé¶{*2ÿ3‡­ÈD&,ó·s* Ã%2‘‰Ì¿Ìü„ž1 &mÄ‘IEND®B`‚FDd S äèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð €b𶴯«.tCŒðT'F6eÿ’Ü€;nðŠ´¯«.tCŒðT'F6eÿ‰PNG  IHDR\ »«QgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.%.'Êo IDATxœíÛ±nÓ@ð3‘8†"ó•\v†HDá‘……' â :°Õ†€7ÈÈÊÆX#Fº2ň"uãU¸ŠÔg_ì³¹ÄöÝõß_j«DɯwöÝ9ú.&K¸0‚bˆ!†bÿ!vl-¦Ĥ­Ç3¬gû÷06‚ÄHŒx[Ç>÷w2GÂ\C,!A…í)±Ixß6¡Æ˜»ìÄ»A«–cި€bÆgSÂÔãÌ Ì· Û¡pK<LYcnú–a &-ŽC°@‰y5¦|Áèb?:°AÅ”±+r…Øk±Ž †bˆ!†bˆ!†bˆ!†Øö°oU1tjŽÅU1®UH;ÖÀ"^°âIŒªrPØ…'a~ùœv‰•Õõ³Øã‚h™¨ÆéX¤Åu3>,°”€`–ècEݾ14BHŒ`c¯‰Å9æ<'ä¾u·±ˆTqFÏNÇ7¿ôƤ¡Ql¯%Do.^ŸN.¾¿<ÿ4{üd•_¹š&³CŽ¥J¬;´Õ²r‚GïSf´lŒ3Å&˜Ûª0¬ÃccZ³Ù8βôÕìˆ6Ϧhì†dùÏÏ÷çÏü GÄ!$äUc‰Át¢­´!$é/A´^¶Wÿ»/žÓ¾:Iƒ¶ÎÓ «÷Ì“þ^Úÿ‘ 1ÄC 1ÄC 1ÄC 1ÄìLj鷣%lA@Xb©]XR—o,Á2ñ—IÕÅÒ@…šØª¬ƒQHLì ±Ýsõ1+O{ƒ˜ ‰Ñ–Xrýtrgrvoš½íñ’º§ÂXUú¾¶¿xÔ»emŒµ°þ9à¿ò÷Ææébd+X]Â'du÷Ô|™ÌN¾î²øæB¤ÂDæñÓ¯?|$äöÎÞÝ7¿6c~Ö”ùSæ¿[‡›ôÄ:†ïeZ9ÌÄŠ-ø´èm‰9ùàÐÅF+L´ln‚-ÄÒò‚’ºËóŠ»\r,2ÇÄ]n™qòÞFÆX‰­b‚­¹QÃlMC 1ÄC ±«Â.Å•\” ÁpIEND®B`‚¾Dd S èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð.Ÿ/&úzÆÚüϦ¿Wÿ "…;nðŸ/&úzÆÚüϦ¿Wÿ‰PNG  IHDR\­ ˆ7gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.%.%ø¦{íIDATxœíܽ®ãDàɆ%¢ ‹¤¥Û–­©¶áe()ì­(y$¨¨÷ âå}„¸¤Ãh%®!¾öúo« ÃðÃkå²anË~lÜÂ5z¥ ›.¶Ï%ƒ0k! ÄV½RÃÂJ× lf«ã ›wÛíÛî–fQÃæ°b¥sÅ( ™ÎTNXâaUâ‰ëÿõ3k³ˆù¬KÊLÌúú)ƒæJ]ü==jK^X§²œ_–˜ÇÒ*Ö`”Gí³äÚ6ø±Z ÃØC8†fD9U1m ß™LË0ö4<æ¹?†d¿j–²"ñ-´ø×]N¯dó5®Vï•:lxIÛq%3G[²;€X!Ä—|óíË/>ý}ùŽ?…8ãØðAªÐNûN&ãÙµûDñáÏŸ¼zy¾ô/ †/ֵקhº}CÁrâ¡#£úZc}?TˆÏI–ýÔö©KêIjV.Û€å± ÙfÄ„Å*“60ˆ³¯YUÒ1\õz5­ÇKI°ÕŽ‚XBëhA 1£E 1£UÑBÌhmh!fÞwä¤3[£ÕÄ@+á²ð³X%6#B}“ b…M…}°7„̈ …œ}ÐB& ¸ÿ¥P![9*#:úr¨dá°PÉÂaU˜sX¨puõ1 Dˆ¹,LùYíÄõÈi!’…»ïËiù‡˜Ûª ;ÃY`ˆ)œvrÕôÏxXÐ^K­·¯‘ž–=ñ¨Õö5±—¥}%ž Ö¶÷XÀ ¸€ofjIðÀìi_ ˵ë ŽöŽ‘þL¹çkÙwºÕyxmÁkÎ~mÛvý-{âɆŽÙdî¬Ö—ãïr–]7²>ÉöÜÚŽìÚa]¼}óûÅãcµ/Ž> h¬ëé÷CýÜç?Ÿƒï¬R³I곈«T«û'±*‡Ï„0úÖíÄ„å¸^Ù÷饥Ëzôëýû“öuŸÞž_šË'5¬ˆRŽÖ>\f]NÞ¥[+Ý:ô(ÙŒi_ ‹«Ü-éa3¢ÖC—{ý-c²P½5‰‰=˸oSrfy•¸¦âõëð{÷>–ézôm|.öÍ_ýpuq½®Ãpõ1–kÒYÕkÊYí£¾Ãw4fP–ã$q÷ÀÅ+΂yÏ8ûH Ü5#-p׌´À/ °´kÆZP¸b-¨1ƒ¶€“D[{ˆ¡- xÅ[M]wÊe•ÖÃ[–j€få¶uD°¬³O±l:Å*-©šbÙš<˶ $Y–ŒH²,³O³Ì½?šeîYÐ,s¸­ÂbDËXY­æ}ó£Z¦>"ÕªÅ<ÄÈ–á$ÉV11²eW²eHÕtkžéÖ¼²°fÉ"ÀšÍ~€5+^C,}‡XúI†XúìYZ²²´s[çÀs»]·u<·;ûaç¸{= ´vø-²¶·…v_#…Z£UÏ,E¿9=Ó-úývý£÷IEND®B`‚ Dd c ©èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðzjvDø’Æ„›•à —¿ÊÿVÀ‘;nðNjvDø’Æ„›•à —¿Êÿ‰PNG  IHDR*.š‡«{gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.'ÌÊÊÍIDATxœíš=ŽÝ6€il±®ònå.SEÛå9‚K¥œ,  × &EË•@-ê—?óCRr"œföé}â ‡3Ã!…¾B¤(˜‚)˜‚)˜‚)˜‚)˜/…ù÷V˜{Ù¦` ¦` ¦`6ùp+L–ÌWŽùt+LªLÁü_˜Õ%˜‰q ¦‘â·æ,¦µí«ó˜ê:ŒhNbäOƒ©é§~e1Ý5˜Þ`^ +íŒéª+0¿œÆ̶9iÕ9ÌP/£™ýFecúÊÆÔ¹ùX1M„ßà"6Œ>³Ô†yž1¹ƒ‘¦Ö'Vø(VsHCl™˜^°4¬³#a13€[Z¾3J½à˜Ñg඲ æ-ŽÑf®‚x`fS­Õn²?»ç[0ÔhFñÔ±;ÐÙýˆ ŸÍûÂîyŒIÜì&òRÒ‹u\ç"ƒV–¨ŸŸi÷›Ãîñ#0]DçBΘwÄëþ‘­3U»ýœjw3YfdgœÅÌñ‹Û„ã˜yKÈnªY̲¸¹Îź*ìû^|Óh6¢³µ cˆYVøbØç(ÂužðöèÉ¥úÌw?V¡7Õ Æ*8#Ó…Iu|d–9±l?rZQ¶œ7¿Úr2ç:8Æùav%ê…ÆuPŒò‹}r™£ÿ,ŽÎ¦¿f#dnÚÈÀ¤ë ˜@'ª]‚c€W“ËÁ@?Aû1(ЉÞÀš“(A ’o‰¨b@Ȩb0OÃ]Æ ¶ÄZ™X§­‚†à¯MӺ脠`:"²ÄwhÉê k»†²ÖC:ò`÷ºÂ1Xï/ÄЩDÁ®töÉtÝÁo 0\ñ7§|ÌÈ•°ëø¶z…ìcø'à–ÆÃð•½Ù¨Õ$¦ã›OÑÊ;t‹¹ÓÙ=dŽƒ‚—‹aKÅå¹ÐuœãÑ÷qGÙ€VfßǬ­®ô£c ¹Ž‡ñßK¸>sŽÕMðB¯˜€ØÛNÁybÖ•ƒP+9Äíy×1­21þú<0] Æw£’0Ê5òIºÆã¯Þô(ò0öò^&Ìøù<¦]q²Ï/Ì¢eâM)ÛulLâõ/ÛulLêe4ËuºoLƒ9´ê~80i[&av#/˜'Ù$ý|“ýLpÁ/rüMŠÚQbÁäTÒ úÄú*-*ÓT÷~x]T˜Õ(±ZPÔbøtmk­Ø{êËBô—³Mµ:În”œ-LóÕ?ÎE•A‡6Ñ6e?ÈtRöCŸŠ8â Š;üÏZ3³=œj%Éá(ëSjåžâH!…ÔÿImÂQýÔ?@õ^Š„"¿ÍC¾ƒËqAíIEND®B`‚£Dd ~ ¥èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðŸN—Ù:ð°­ÖÇ{ÿï`ž;nðçŸN—Ù:ð°­ÖÇ{ÿ‰PNG  IHDRe-s¢…øgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.%.ÿ˜ðfIDATxœíÛ?ä4p¯"ít75š$Ú+Oâ¤4|J$>J>ßšë7¢â ݦ;Q "Qœ`“ÌN2¶ßsòÞ³Yí![‚Ódf~ãÄÏÿ^²Êf,Z­hE+ZÑŠV´¢­hE+ZÑÐÿ?aMXŠV´¢=‚ö6«öcV­m²j§¬ÚMVM5µA2hºzx9*ïTLTýðºW§ôºõ‹¦Õ1‡¶ JØÕÆYš´UǹýVí°­Dšž¿4£dìi/×8¶ªžk±jëù Y5aÏ×ϪuµH;*ìºÙ1]Këí68S¯CAÈég71Mr^›zaa]?·æôÿÜ¿ëk·×û•éøýÁÓjï-Á@¢ç àš` ÑóÅÁµ bHÚÑF5Í>Õ-mj‡ðHŠÆ>UWÅøs—¹KÒÂNÔzfw0õ–6HæÕø*ºçc¦M½µ‰¿wÇÖtM©U¸ýáQ5ö@²uÝØ“ìæ®M±’-­c$[šæÎ]›Ú4,ñ*·½Û홳Ͷ¦³jÓzŸuª»+äv´iÒ¿OÒF÷Åä>ô_k•òÏm˜µ?…uS¡¦Yh]¨Ùoè5#hoí Ö ±v#6õs¯=€mêç`‘ÊX.…ñ–Wk¡ÆHB­‡Ú@O„ÚÛÔÀC ¬xéI¨H3xˆ¨$|åÚ¹ß7Á±žÚ@kÕ ¾È3!Ðz5Âø¢N@”çEÝ=máÚˆºýÚxƒl²Äš­°ÍnŸ Áˤ¥ÚçpmÀ'¿®…º ¤Œrø\?À®o(½ ×&5kd‚¬Q)‹àˆ†d¸4ä»”é!¦µØôÐH5dJ3‰Y‚¹´û9’‹6‚7`;Œû§ºÜ? O•0=„w®m\3°M$7x90zªãiy³ŽdA—°õÍx³|ü°¥!éFT»|Jïh°U ª/š“}5¬UÃÚ^Π!³èЀd—¾ôè] &ÏÇæœ|òëöñìñõƒMxL‡?0Õí|Aô³j[Ãú9ØÛÌ«x\›w °<Ÿþû\ÝN×ç»ßL¯>' y¡Ö£ZXnùÞ¾>_‚æR·ÊbñFÓòßjçû2øuÛ/UxÝ’´ƒ âí%>JO-vøùok¾úÕ|ôÓgmD;·Æq_›³5÷Wû9_ÜÚÚÞ|jÿúòÍíÇj‰^W‹m0àŠÄøS­^zÖñÕ¾†.©­†u‹­Yàî×_È^G$ŠÖ!3á÷j-]­¶x1ÈŠÄ×–»ZÑ°õ§U‹vÞ2€v=í´hŠ¦áLèiõå_çûVÁ6YCùå]­CÖF½XCZÕvx°SžùAî vøª•¢!ëÌN}"ÕR¤_“žnÂzú=’†¬oZ´+Òž¼‚ëLünMÛHxÒèÍd±†Þf¡iSD ÓCød KkU¢† $سFT ?¶™¦jXï:Íÿ?I4ä2 3ddÒßΚŸ£§jȆuöüSÈz«ì•?14ÀÓ\ÛŒ^ãÐ5dš6ê ƒ%YƒýܨJ{2=´ê…w5:=(©†ö.?ÎÑ<Ú²êhÈ.N+ïôY:Š5dÃÚyõeiHw^£ò4Øw§ÁY´óBdÕÞ‘80éÏ[/iÝ`34X_лæ-àIZ7\JÓÂdÙì> ÙßÝ»¿ÅÔ6ŸÃfk›n¾W­)¾F•jè¤/Ö¶ÚA m<4"Ð6ž•hñ…D³ÑSiÑçáõäQ´UEZ4€/º3‰diäÒªæy%Õ 3:y$®[5Eƒ7“=­êX|89Eƒiú$ ðxLÐ@;ŒNN•¯…»’ýÛ ð‘ó´º…Óƒ§¸šõ÷D^.Z¤y§êÖmäkÁ}<}JÕNM 4zHÖ¼vµŽû ép{×àh­Dó8Ð~ã®÷Õ¼®KÒ†¬Úô5W;%k5ªÙA¢™µŒ¯Û¬¤²pmMšjÎÇ%jkÈeÑÖ$Ôd?¹Ì„ž¦ ÉeЫ9ó(Z[ºeH&­N×´<ƒ”Í9 åžÄ¹zrݼd~ºfójmVm¹K™Gsï9´k)ZÑŠV´÷J»Ëª1JÑþÇí¾ UËRÞ >µ¢ý“UËRž²fŸ°6þ ìåí1g\äIEND®B`‚ŠDd ® èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðú¡P,÷6=ã÷Ú¢d”²ÿÖ¦;nðΡP,÷6=ã÷Ú¢d”²ÿ‰PNG  IHDRoB"¨¾gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.%.$á½J¬MIDATxœíÛ;¯5`o6ÒÒíí ˆ2 ] Jš‡_ÿJ ¤™Ž2”T„’‰() D¢È\ ‰2.®„ΘyîØwÎñó–È.r¯væ~ëÇñ±×³aš²ô¬p…+\áÊ›«æÀR¸Â®p…+\á W¸Âîæ^ÓrX)\á W¸ÂýGÜ+Z®­i9Æ)¹†U”\ËŒê‘p§oH9v¢ãº;Òrĵ£ãúAÛ†6›#W“qãÀn wØ\®š¸Šˆ“3Çi89ÔëV]—ǵì<šnŒ¸‰;™¯%sbI“ïÄ!ÒÒ¹fn+!W?•ÑuÜ:·Ô9Ÿ“µn–øPU>×pÝ,µRu.÷—9M­²r·O"8áåº-z‹D¶÷¨Ó8+7¸Ï÷ïçÐŽû—ÅXã•"Š«!îlÔΊFWéÁ¦ŽÜ)‘;@¯‹±.È Í4ó›É=Žçú‘ûÌÏuÖÔÊ!™kƒ¹¯¸ˆ»á^­G"âü“lÒ*ô²(?Q)†DÜÊ™aÌC88âæåžduWÁWÚ=ç±äaà·œkm'(× Òqjåê`N⃠–­ö”á¹–¡#ß-ácq·N­ÁCä’éÃ9§sû’ŹŠÄãWl—‚9¤s=wÜ9žC´fÓ´äá|AíRŒ—æ£À¦ê¾O}œêYFÛ%÷¶Á"Dëöš“hÀçå€ælÈ€rsc |_êÀØvrëìF.#äåKÈ¢æäZW/y8_PpS]\{F—7‰ö)Ê)v~‰%ÁíSŒÃÕyK×áœÄcã'±appðG‡ùð¦bœ«¯]›2œCÚsçj*ÎUðíc\\ ßîì8ë‡1h±›ñ%ãÆÕðÍ›ù8'ñ÷wäf”s4ǽՆ8…÷µ¿ãöÜzÇÆãz\û¿ää8|cëœ\0‡ïõ» mW;¤w‚:nÏ!½3GÜŸ±œ®à»æƒ˜x×xÀ}Ù[í.B áà¬T.¼ã‚8VŠàî¢4/×DtœŸaS5s$¬NÆjn.²ã<\ÀRÁIß’Ä­uçÞ+ÅrñqëáKÌÄwpræÀσ \7qþÍM×ÄÍ|”›—ÆÖ½eõsýÇ—q6·VŽ‡i>¯6‰1b=`è–õ€Í%¡ãìÃÊ/§úô Wçr²š_c‰wï w溉K‰¸û°„·r®ÎçÚ Q!»ó0Nëä<2s7§û³"‹³eR<~=\e4v cNP»VVK-i¸õÁV“ÎAOñD2÷Þ¨©ÜãÄõ$\ÚÚ`qfc'þP^,Ü#‹ã©Ü² ±ž“µ©“aÈB'ßOÕôÒMVÜe”%y“qlá*"Ž?¤¹lgqÛÊGÂm W!\]ëŸ_ÇsÈ÷ïó”?}¯oëåî7Z?×öi~$·”g§gÿÇí…`8çf‹c©/¥å´iíÔtîFÊq§r¸ií:üÿöý¹Óy—Ó·«ãŽ6')¹ìÒŸ¦/í_)·”®p…+ܿɽ¼j+…{7¹?¨¹Eþ®ªÝÞÇLIEND®B`‚jDd N yèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðÚGÂ{ó¿½ühU P÷‡ÿ¶¬;nð®GÂ{ó¿½ühU P÷‡ÿ‰PNG  IHDR[$"—f»gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.$*á™ -IDATxœíÛ¿®Ý4pŸ{®$$Ò u¨H˜Y*åUX™HJÞ¢ê[0žðˆhºÕ5ƒ‰qbÇqnbþóq{h¯Ôœßý}þb;§„㵞d,cËX,öKnËXÆ2–±Œe nŒ b”Ô˜X…‰•˜Xq¬?%cÏÏ#M*öÒÀêTì «0±ò¦0#O‹TŒ¬Ø7é˜Î³îe:¦§*Ö#`•ÆƬÖXzj(«®…U˜X‰5ˆX•hñ¡¾V§bKËXÖø^<˜»] j»]ì#&Þ2–±Œe,cÿö/&Õ2–±ŒÝöëP±Ûü$bgLl{$’ŠU˜˜úxƒƒM Cy °)žÊ¾ÀN3s„?rúeûâLd{R´âÏzÂô9­o»´ä¨5[ìðÈëÝÃáGwíÓ©›ŸiŒ>>Œ£?=óƒ¦V>ÆæXø^µûï–ü}àNÆÎÄžÛnÞ“¯~&Oþâ—‹=O&“ÕÄž+ì^ 9_ +¦g€Âbš*ÛFÒÒOâ1ù»;i,þl[}-‰•ã×ÆRßT°Ò³3p1ˆõ˜Øò¦-[óì XW%`ÆÜ”X|LÇokÉ›ìHò"rƒUX!"©SaÅèT°jþ‘%ßšÀ–‡p€­'óÓ[»?1ÝÖÕHgÕãejÆë¤ÜÝ-©ý"ð«°0Þ[Ç÷ÅÄ&-²Z`#&&†­ˆûâË!F‹¸·Î¶¥»˜ôw˜XxºÙ°¹T†j6l^â†Õ¾Ýi1±›Wª4¨Ž»vu­À‚nØ"Ò R c&HH‡¶Õ“æ]@À=z‹‰ñß1±i)=`a|<ë…R:Æ_ûî;6µ=â¨_6˜uÁMý²ÍÄ_ªò«»&ÖÚ±÷^¹k`­kÊÂ0`}Üa-°ØÏxk´w0*0 ¤+ÖÃK)JÜ‹†£pé¢ÀFaà7C¿oÅä1•sΗ8†ÂȳŽÀ÷æ.•{ OL”û§RsüϳA`Ì«:xØDÝ­`ŒO…aØÅŽ2êî/v¬A›¾á³®^Û1yúÛ‚ÕfÐÙ¶|øAŸRÕÜg:è – &{l”96ø$ˆ “ºlTwºyHl6gGõšAî!¶|¯°…B:.ØÉ5k7Ü!UuW•‰éoç2…É âLÞ÷"w ®1ž»=6.ØKÌó„K­ š {å‰ûHŸC³ ®a Åœ Åœ Ž9Þd„cŽÃ¾Ì~–ƒÍ3ᨧQµt4 Ók)Ìò(ÄøÛ£™‹v4“ ò5F÷Ã$H6îV ˜ÔÌaKÁvK­$l. hGÅļBÄ(&ÆÿÁÄÌ–±Œe ¯e,c»I,WŒÙÚOE@TI²Ä§IEND®B`‚™Dd N tèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð ãB¶“˜Ê´[{[±Þ jÿå÷²;nðÝãB¶“˜Ê´[{[±Þ jÿ‰PNG  IHDR[#?’VgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.'ÌÊÊ\IDATxœíÛ¿Žä4p Ä\I.<‚‰ÙG £Ü’–’Šd%$Jî x Š‹´å> A¦@gtÙ„É$N¾Ï2þ>qÒÚX3ãß:þóÙqr¢ß.I‘±ŒÅc[bí–7e,cËXÆ2–±Œ½þØÃ]2Ö!ö“Rn‰[`‡ ;¾V˜¬ cç¿çÃ*²¥ñŨ2³ZFW X'¼ÍÌÃÚ-±Ú?Ìy˜ðLÖš©‹ MfÖ‰]èб@_ò°&eXûòe"¦çh}‚ѳ°bη¨+8êd \šHÆÊ% š‡dÍ+ ÓËèР\šŒÕ³§õ25ýš TLòÖ¨,¯p_’1T™&“ |+ì²D¬K;1’†¡òµÖhjrw‰"aÝj_1Ôä»D‘°fµ/‰˜•Ñž%Š†­ö%[*cG¶TÆ»C aÕœõô%û~ιS‰ˆýýœ÷ŒX&aqÿn‡yû’€µðÂç Ñj¥À¦*«/L% ÖÁy:U‰Å$šJ‰{Z}Òö´-XÁ;çH ^eèþ$(`ø¦R<ÖŠKч€ÁÊû2ƒ yð| k@“û‚?›³½Ã#cà°Â)˜ªæ¬ÿŽZDc· ƒ¿,ͧ±å,®P_šËÇÄŠ>rgþÄ|€y!®úòbÂÅž¯YhñPöÍÒXO½œÓªÕÚµ°ÉûfilAýväA¹MnoÊä4‚õS€a«ƒM®¬InŽÊuä©;XhUé_þz]‹ñ[04V1¼’,Øp²}N•…= c¨2o ;0¦> c0ƾºv$“+˜·¼[: x™/~¼h9˜=4ºÏ/ïœÊÜK1uÀ»AìÛ.Öæjü¥4CãéÎÆnë‹ú­‚VšA[̘±ž]’v_þ„ÛCN`㪸V«ª<t:HNÓcš&cÍV±OÇ‚µ÷fiï`W>ìï/úº\ʵÂ3éL¼ñì3 «ž}Üÿ9|„±Ö;عf8?…§nî¹Ã¹ôÁür™›WþÝÄpô™±ÂT»˜±À"]£}”/¶+Ëc¸ˆýåÃ÷(øW¾ßDc5¨°&`¥ç /Ì7Èü˜Ü¢•heSfaþ+#ÃûØ(ÌZI¢žs1X-V¶‹1Xrñ<[òq}¹†¡…¼LÄJð›¨[ê%›ˆ½[lßI ûÕ¨DLÂÞ«#û2„Õ ‘âFC§+‘S)ˆ¡§±#6„YS©JÂÑ'ˆIzŒ]ÖÊÄ­$a •÷mW(c% cðÆ9~*ù1½B_ú0…ïo(o¬¸˜$/ä+XƒŽÖ#Ãb¦iWéÃJð%õ©”óIµ¸”ëÁ~yݼŽ]/z”]“F¬‹ÁÇÚ]äv%ˆÕh¹{EÀ:Á±7Øäæw1´’-Œi¼'¦^%Æà­J›ˆ%„E³ÒÒ_$ƒŒ-{oïIX\Ö«~Œ²)ócK"ÿ5LSF÷Ñ|ä$òTšnb{Zb_®`” öEŒÞ—Ã’H{â©È!„1¢O{¨V€o¯W®bÇƘJ^¬­ÎGëTë„5.6¼§Öˆ7Ó°fÂT¹öø23g‡§ÿû_žà`u±öø2»]0ç26Ö‰B±‚?”ÁŽ¼à1óÈí Æ  ¢Ë4˜à}<±4ï÷óV¥á½°±F°úÒ¦6Œ žÁŽÛ/X‘Šuûñ2[îUB¬°¡3YĤ0O-¸˜ÿ½Ç6ØÎÅØ#£¿u±zC¬ ˜¶°6 + V´6Œ æ?=›Ò+ÿìšy™›ß—)–¥¥ë·Ã6KËXÆ2–±G€U[b”±Œeì`}Æ2–±Œ=bì>øÍÿý¾%Nÿ7“2àÿÓ÷IEND®B`‚VDd Þ èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðÆÁF‘BØm+µ*V –Íáoÿ¢º;nðšÁF‘BØm+µ*V –Íáoÿ‰PNG  IHDRyT@£gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.%3ú¨HIDATxœíÛ½®Û6p: (œ¹C…>B÷ê£dëš­-PD :dlÞ(,ú}u % :\¡Wµ*YÖùR&Ïa‹[@\ndË?‹&yI)¦K[J³ƒ;¸ƒ;ø¯€©ÁÇÔ ”ÜÁÜÁ /©Á¸²ƒ;¸ƒÿoð]j0K šÙyÂ`ñäÁ<)x¡àÅœ¯g¹hLFÀÓõà¤K ºëŸ\ * š”×Ù XÜܤ`!_ð8J•9ŠAÚÊÇ2š±qR€6ŸŽ¤Í{åu¦c¹ÇÃÛº•G|Áv.°?Ì’€Ë7Ò®hæa `+íŠ œß¨„ãyl’€íª·”Eð çöV:â$$€d|´¹|½ŠCŽT%B'¨HVnPSç1Ñáµ,-X)²Ÿs*Ò*²Ÿt…YØÕŠKt‚"A»§sVžOÝ`%¯³gÂ)¯³,SƒUj°IývtIÁO]›ìk-ëŠÿ!XË¢â(ÊU–1?ØQ ø`_¬¢¿Eˆ5ØGj³kQ7Àþ=AÏ!Uf  Î´5ËØ_q|W$`ßõÈ5I–j›`«/v65X+Á¡Uè<)~bÇ@Jü¸ÔóýhÃá6ï%È@læŒìŠ¼Žfz‚ÌÐ6røA€-¸K»kÀ@±“O««cd„à ®l\ì³;nX]â¢"€ÃÂwƒâêŒiôÄ—)uÔtÖbÛ¨ì‡à›nèz'8'¢Î~ì†:Ò®ˆ_N/fäX â%©A\=¶Z°ÃLiA~Õ| nïAs•<N‹íPÞùí4ÎÊ;ÚÞ»Ÿ‚]Ñ»œÏï/ÿpŸ‡]ÑúÀ³,ÙÙŽ¨Xà9×2½¼ÔhùO^Ò¾íÛ)™o™”ßÐ1m«Yös7ËtZYçä¿$n@û6¤§ïa`ÁÎ ŒŠÓ(µ´Q\ ŠÎ:OúáÁµ•Ë¢¢³Y¦¹KˆÃϽ 8MC@ìz¹+ y׫Î-Q ŒŽê¤Ù.Ae~àÝ;¼-SØ,Úňбõ¢YDn¿¨@¬s£Y³X¾  b˜U‚r*¾­bƯx3G‚°k`y«D‚—Ô 4Ëæ:føÌt ݨ, [‘Gƒ$û¥ÉðK’S~ù݇‚¾ öͲù¨^:4ƒ¹¬´K3VØí\-øKjŠ¾ÊXvpwpwpŸ,øQ¤·0+­>IEND®B`‚\Dd N ¥èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðÌÀ ;6H¿]þt±å¶!Bÿ¨æÁ;nð À ;6H¿]þt±å¶!Bÿ‰PNG  IHDR[-˜7sgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.$.%3ú¨HIDATxœíܽ®ÜDà1†ñsýF¢¢J:R ‰ ¼Á-·¸ÂŽRÜ2¼ARÐÓR‘YR¤ tw¢DºHq´E†Äñ0c{×c{ÎxþHɧíµ÷cLvºÉ8Æ?Vù7¬ÊQBP†£ U´HöÄc4/9–ãX`¢R–Ñꆽàç'OŒãÕì¿Î]ðÝ“]?rÁD¼gÕ?Ú!l¸à‚cgŽ q¼8v.ØùÑb±b+¶b+¶b+¶bÿO¬.btô„í‹d½1y¶È·ÏFsOþºCEH,ûØ…V·"é“f×çF rëÏaIsV^X…Fý–øcÒ©;Vg¬D¿Ê]æaŽ}ÀÂ`˜+¿‰#-`bFþy lŸ_!Š#åXÖbþe[dk§H)ëŠáC­(ý±òª£éW,ƒ±or ‰¤¬ÌÔ[Z ©7*£á9Ì:¶Xc±Š3Y ÙG;=¶¸%L:L0hÓ‹‹L/‰Ú V¼r(¯¶Ðee:¾ M°B`lÕúB ž¬eŬÑbµ.[©FuÙz¸Û6ÄJ&RùÓ ¦É ŒàŒ~3ñÓ­pcMUÃ9&a`<–n+fA§ç«kRÞ²¯ ­%š´Zÿ& ß—ßg—PŽ5 Vñ3~¯͆Fײuo’й¥Ãši—L¾8ß ci²uüкŒ]¡®ª ` k,:Èeì#hÛ©ê AŒW8 vX#²õB±ÀʸÀ¶ aH—­e%Fµï=‰Q¾eŒQå¸÷ñJ‘ù: ë0ø •X¥ËVmW`ª³îÚû5–{×¥ö^h† Ú»ÒߤM1Þó$‚槰¶(Í0q§F¾°fá†o‚Õš‹¤~”Ña÷õ6Å´}>6©±f±Pë­V-ÔV«u %TÃà–µÕ¤]S,ö¢ ÙªÀhì¤+;†Q‡™am‡å– V™u˜fÚa&…f2°åRa-ÕCÌ4)L0õ=Fí,=&¬+æ–ÓÕJ[¬²È°%ŒX[ ™D¬MŠÌαÊ2+TØþÍjdsJBÍ:Ùœ’F²ƒ•Y[S¬{T%.6ÇÚŒ¯ì“B…‰u×Ûc;ƒÄ5½r¶öXºÿ”êŸ3 °zÿ Q¶ùeù6K-ë¿ÞY.YI-ë¯î,»_²ôͦ ;Œ"·Óh‚un­NØ0wXéž2Ö¦S ë#ÆlÜg6·3lËÆ©AÜRìȱYžya ›ä Ó²{eZ瓶_© ±ñ‹J"¤HzÌt9±žýeHÚú°T´4™FrXÝ0›÷ÇÌbI ËE,uì˜kW1’wÿ–—ŠÜ±lŽ¹UDñý¾ò9cý=É€yéê. ‚…{™m<Ù ôúS‡!郼iñ·£J¬PaiãiûŸzýËOè}ññÞ[×Æ·úvþ§÷JùºaƒAs:L(2Æ~þûn¿ýsl)GÓ0Äuîö_[>/Ÿ1ù(î ?øbA«F+B`/»ïË ÞXëb´:å‹íä¾Ø(Ž{y´Øåü…#> „½nØ-ÕßÝ0`aÊõ0•oh¹aÀ•ßíƒC‰=hÿ©ÈÊ!.Œ±bûÃ[Œ›Ÿ£Áx\(±!17ëÖ£ËpXv®ž5EÈâX¨þx$”[±wŠUîssŒ8MŽƒ˜ó”Kåaú&Ö>Û=vÃwdl;óņiÂИïH^1£hþ3¬>V¬\þ¥-`‰˜äî0ä‹ÕÃzu\‚&8†‘X¬Àï1Ï+ng¾ŽKcío>į¢àáë0£–E÷b ‰Õ, ‹Ý†ùfa±4ÖGPì_ß5Ïæjâ¤RIEND®B`‚#Dd ~ yÞjð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bð“[Î:2ø S«e/*l` ÿoBÊ;nðg[Î:2ø S«e/*l` ÿ‰PNG  IHDRe$T­Ô0gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.$7䩱æIDATxœíÛÏŽÜ4ð/ •º>ÁfãJ R‰à80O€VⲇªÉjéð <ÁzÕCåÆ©–z¨BMé¡< vþÌر?ÛIŒv%b!¦3ñüâq>ÿ‰…&`ª`ÕVmÕVmÕVmÕVmÕVmÕ¤ôOPÍ#­Úª­šVAz‡µDz—$hF/­T´–j'±ô–jŸËZ‘.ÔžÈ̓iû¦yë½L .£6¼Ò*ñ d¯Ë À éÐθF¡ÕâªyÁµôÝÎÕàâ0Ø”Oq]wänhÒ"ƒâàòƒˆV\+âÝU‰~Ç©Ñ|CÏ7ä2‰hÙj›+ÍÔª„ÔIuÓ‹ŒÐ"i$°ah›ph¬Ó’r{ÔbcùÝKª‡iy–SÊ»'Þ©@2·l7,áÿUŸ¦tÛie«¥K´²ÕnÈ}®=þ„ÿÒ¹ZÕj)¥ù9Úé|­€ôªØBD“ˆ\f¼‹:M6 5€¨„N{¸HËv5/l*ˆw×à4‰ªZÓkÉ ]ñ×™Z³ã‰òš‡ìËyô~‘¶Ú›Ù5ÏšR>¾@þ’5 »Wg7\U¶õȳjzº¹ÃÚ³ Ú« šwZµU[µU»Uí:¨YPMž¶.×@šSФ»‡¿¥ ©o»‚h‡ q§4&°cÈ-Ô*Xo]ÑB]Sòhií ¿P.ÂƼl¢xÇæk¯/q-D;e¢ö_‰EŽ}HÑ_K*wpsµ_á eË5q-ãNËkôt#}Äò3k% Ú¢°›L~þËNlm× U3ôäµc7Ö¨¥qvC+~X׈-{aŸúŽµ}a9ùßØ ¦U¶z!ŽJkÖI<µŽˆ–!™ûwêZn)ÙÄç¸^/…»ÒÆZVZáQišöšËi ÏäW4?ºZÔ­pÜþMÒÐ%9óŠ4_Í»Ò|´bæÔjÏHóÒ¼#ÍK£Özš¶oK–{cî¾g¤¹52!ÒÜÚ¤àpiÓ1‹618ÌÚóþµmž¦a¸æ1zºµz¸žƒiZ??ª'‡Që¶2¼†b´Z9¯hƒ¶*¿šßPŒk¤ÿYuÛ—ÍüÚjžØŽ«µ!Šy@êŽ@Þ¾–bXëmk€®âÁÏY@ÝÈÚWèRDc³±Ñšj«u[ÜÞCª‘¬ûh^¥™Ëæ?ѵ‹±¦GÚm›Ž"„ͽB;kÕM‰°Z&^Ð…ŽY¶3Uëwyj“&ý_Íx‹@ÓR}ÏÈ´m1hŽ²™v _êüc@ó~1kΤxÔ.b‡æ¬,TËÐ|ö~ü89°ïŽõéÚ^¦añDÕìß±h}ÉñFhÙü':$­›1Ri´¤Ü¥uñ.ÎÆ´ï_ÑØ^;N2|~©KCŸ•Òâõ+–7ïöŒÙ»ßú¼ÿû3ç±ÉR®ýÑ ÍLÙ³P´ ¬)¸÷íY¤´½²&7E;¤ï†/”QAkZºÃZܘ´æ_F…Ç÷OØ×ç÷ï¦>Óøþ ?©G(HÓ÷Å­¾ úd) õÜà å!µÏ÷²ÏæIšôf¹ài:IKCjuRSÒª­Úª­Úÿ]Ë–kSîÝÚïAµ½åØt­ ª…­79™ÿ\zš¦Œ½‹µ!y•ÌK7mÈc~3´&¸öKPÍ7Ý}9–Œ¼E­2ìƒåžB—º¿ÂñÕ\¶KS“«mMÓ\IÑ’åZ|Kš»G¢—BûEš£… ÁIEND®B`‚£Dd ¦ Vèèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðO£½|Ýbö]ØÇ äòQ#ÿï eÒ;nðç O£½|Ýbö]ØÇ äòQ#ÿ‰PNG  IHDR8RÅ<7gAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.&ÒË3 fIDATxœÍœÏÒÜFÀg³Æë")äc ª"ŽÜ8pà,Ž¼<78Yúøo UáQ´¸ÀGŠ 2¡*BY®,ÊŠÄüëžžÍ?i!—¿ÕîŽ~M÷t÷ôŒ–­É2²:]‰¥«tìr ÎÀ;{83¥9Ì™$§>ÌéEþt˜Ó‰¾’ÕRfÖò¿K²ƒRœIUHvPŠ3\èËN¥š•Ò §käËœª—ä´òe9ÈY@qúæg†~êCœ©Òc­—âàéÓ1ÎÐèƒ9!ø»w9Æé6ŽöpÌׇ8än†öÇ Oìñ=œÙpÆú‡hÍ!99¡ˆ Nƒ‡óÒ·ˆÙœ5®ÐqN+9¾;À¹ ¯ë›ÝœëöÐ>¾ª3cûs:ÈÙÍM™ösôؼ—ˆø€sjʉÔÎU×xè’Ç‘os9<â!P §ÝËÑ¢VÁá5s8*èXös´ï›$`yS (§·91Šq ŠW··|/6Éøp&-ic.ULð1Îø´¡œz/§ûµ~•œ¹ŽMz¢m’kN·³œ”)]>ª'ÓG8óÙåD(™.*L˜5¾ê!b9"œñ¢Ú35Š3F(Âé+ÅÛ{Å™"•#_uÀY‘Óîá°Zq®*D˜š9¢@a?k’œÏù?Í [Ž0gb劧f‰$pÂœ‘µgä]œٮx/§÷9Ý;9œ6–v r—Ã;«\5Ì9ƒ$œvçbs†v“°HK+{nÂÚ›ð䩈ó.K9Â[s1GÇReœð,>È‘N‡rä *P3|ØÚœ;hT§î\^3:!Ëä´GvMPðAŽDÛP}~+NPB•I Ý¡tr)PœCæËŠ³„⨎ smCvrjóât­_7ÆQ±éV}‹! rdýÙã˜<â’ÅQý@Æ¥Vs§YœÅãè©|Èr80I2_Ÿs8"À[åÎGWÇ,˜"¢@–j8Ð (ìqÓB«e†35„bÁÐï' x†è©&¨ÝA306 ­’Ãçé¯D¼ås0R‰hÅ©%‡„)º„sÖ ƒ2T¤ý•œ0 ÎRHeFƒþ%–CÝÂáØPŸáëg dú-9÷.g­†Ÿ7ÐxàT0µ¼`ÿ’×½RN«8B:½¯Gu]=ø Ä9ŸnpŒGûZ½v­ÎFt rŒ BÐC”£¶°VͶy$?ú 4ˆ±ásî‡g Ý©3ã(ÁN&Mb/úÒTÀ¹ N m$ÄÄDÄ`“ˆa˜Ç¹úœŽ±ö¾eÙŠ{y|÷+Ê1 ôBp¦ö­Ë¹"GW·E,3žÈ’ÜârdúCszÎyq¥ó.G)rà~P^JNÓYœ'ëý àhõY©eÏÎS É™Sy]Á4i%Vó$±+çY —ëò¸žäèš0oS{Oxß]æ¦ZNùBm•G+ìî=zàM=ÏÏj—ÓG÷¤=ÀµXt²Šó1áÈñþÐi‘€útG·èaý;Ÿ;|Ü8œ rTÅÅžn¨@gäyŽ´‡kõÝr-öÙæLžÝ+Ž¹/Íy áÖ'ZjÆ·à%g"nçß$1¤Åìé±i(ÊH€ßùŠÄ(ºž3Í6ݳ'àÔ+úÁ± nß8üÄæ€]Õ8}pø8ý-ž…¾¦¡30€óJq˜á<N >CP ᫸ë¨æ&fûß8’öy\§u¥^ 8ƒoAÏT£Þ…8µæ|hþ `¯ë[øtƒvaù™ýùçn˦çÜnP?èpZÿ³Í+ÍÏ8çE_èEßùÒpÎË '¹w,ÐÒ>úÎúEˆ“ZÙ^7—|NpŠ½”ÏI­üoŸå[þT¿vÞ7>'¶°.Ì«ãs"ꃮݿ–Ï6¶Âà×ëÃpm‰ 8¾,<êÆîÙ|³©Fhò&uÂ|³©Féæ¼gaÞ"h³©F³»9Ðâmu ÞãÀÛV®âM›]Jt›¼Ë‰ªñ)Üx`¾¼ËcêK|œ¨úÛu-‡ËX¡Ù9B˜Î†òN!r9qõ1N2ÁI¨OXªOÈB&ÐM:œ„úPjs8A'†_8u8 Aö‹c\%èÄ–€r8 î!õ1'89À ¦“ó8Ðê9KõNÕM\$²çc€ûR6'©>"Ò…†µaXŸœX*Æõ±šÅü6g±®UÎAk™Á±û0ÀÉ(s˜“:“bU¶8©Mªv±Èâ¤6ßb‘Jd ~çµ~pêÎE£¬Ú'±·T—M dqÂÖ‚è_Kð›œx³6-å€ÕIl ÅØ… Þâ€ËãXçÒã)Ïj vPÁoqâŸRpI‰=î›{Ø)':op¨úSNÚ騂1ü'5G:ûŸ­$K”øÄÎb2 ‰ù$œLõÙV æä`²LK8 Ië±»PŽ>?™ÿY6ˆp æI[¡ ËÁüoÓÑs˜“ '†=hˆpR¡ó§Ç gJÇPP6‚_Âë“vbXŨˆáàÒ+~,Ø…Fe ÖÎÒéÃ8'_}¶o΂ìu:}åÌùêC(Z“aís@m²b|*†œÄÄÝ.ÿANãr²­UPðÈõK<§ã›¨ÏT‚1ÒE|]ÄY]NYèlŠëƒËBç0'g¦´U@¼·æ”© n'Àëïå¸yàdX/«¸–#ßi9¸®ÍÁ ¹ÍrcÍÁйYóŠëÂ4gëSgrÜÌï^Ž›¸Óo¿Oª¸®Gs œ—.Îì 8úÓ|ñƒàuÃlN–óÒgçD9Z›,°ªGÆ(ga짅%§No‚Ðx¤<{¯h'š}3¼ÍV-§^œhÖÍùŒ{[ >«¼\'œ9mGnP›«Å¹Ÿ}’ì|ŒP á$Ïn5Gí<œ|õ‘mW[CdÏ ŽÚï!ö¥CUS†VµD=’.9jË-+sC£aŸŒ^÷gM`‘`»L•66“æè扽]…Ø&ÔJΤ{w¨ŠœÆrFØ(l#¹”¤ë8“Õ•äô¸¡Dìd;Π95pÊbŽŽæqi9¿³A þ¬Fn¯è 9 mÂ$2bK‹ÄN«‹ÆXÊiàˆ Ž‘A%7fõµÜúb"dn¶±¥¢òd6³G”Ão„‘»éÎÜÀž~¹~õúßÎyŸyƾoöyŒ’ÓÀÛ?1aþO⻾þö/æ”v}ýÁw/_>RïŒÖr;Áˆ-ý‚œòÔeøÅô·ùÌJ¾£mÜ73º¥ËEüPü©öp.o?iÍ÷‡ÛuF'c¥ïzaï=úýN׳ß=üyýú¹Þ rãòª§š4Àå y¶C>$äpÈàäòKÿâ‹â´Ö‚\ïqò"Žå}{aohõ5‰„±]èÔá,{9cæšpJ YOŽoÅ™jf­ƒ–pè︜‡¡9rId®˜õL^zë˜)jF¨v‘"G»Š=œf•Ïî*ñiŸÿ„-N'½ç(ó££àrÎIêßraJ|åTûÐIEÊd®‹S Åœ‹â¨Wä¨îB'…8S#÷‚óö\rd?gÙËá§ÙE(IFçåÔêöâ¿!aý\Ùª8÷ìn/§ÚâhçXÌy£õñ(gt9ÕnÎáÀo#ìáÈþ¾Ó…ÙÅ©nÂi‹Óìå4ª Ç9“äè~†ƒ‹õyº(;xϤøá ©bά )´§œ£}VàãœËm8úé?Ðgý]±ýrÏ,WósÎÌr5%öùž¾¹çbsJüà­846á~ÐêÚ’8Ö½§²ãº’8ŠöÁü?â”Ä™TG§¾‡Ç½å”ÄÏÔ68œ¢xžrø¼`Þ;O¡{ˆS›c>o¢»¦zÍ/´2ç,{9ôFú–QYÇŠ‹–ñl …ÏOoÂáówº¹„ûÆÈÎLZÆ> 2ND^)›Cò$2/Aò$ÝúÇLŽLÌã»ùlåÖnd>gøÁ'xò°þƒ1òÜÔ`q&‘·!OÆËÈiÅäÄ»…Ï®•£éÅK­R;óã·2´Å‘w¯_zÅéTŠe“#óZ&_7r°Ã6g$€3Üׇ>(hå3ŸþB‹s!í±9ò¥•q»I©t"i ¸äâùŸŠ'Šäcl"¥Ž™£…Ùù^q0ä q­ü¤òÏ pÖ²uohÀ¨òÏÿÍZ¦@&Ts`­²x 'kk½`,±ò¢ÀæÀ×C‰u–ÕX¿0ë)…‘—íÿÕ“Ò ιœZüía}Gý6B‰æè"OÑ«^«\iBZQ‘'Nøü©|€v`¥Ý,‡¡˜©4+¬ë§.æðÑÑ”¬3–c”…ù r´Á)/ÒbµÈY,ëVR¸õÿñŠœuçm­¸À­9ïº,úü/ß¿ çpù/8º)N/ûjIEND®B`‚ƒDd ¦ ¦èèð<² ð C ðA¿ÿð€bðóö„)"‘o`àá çÏÿÏá;nðÇö„)"‘o`àá çÏÿ‰PNG  IHDR8˜uO ÆgAMA±ˆ•˜ô¦PLTEÿÿÿ¥ÙŸÝ pHYs.#.$7䩱FIDATxœíœ?íFÀçæ>å"!áHyz~ Ê ~©hù¤# ±7‹´ù MMC RŠçÕi(u¼J‘4è P<'q<Ì_ûÌÌ93öµ£¬Äi÷Þëkÿ<3çÌ™3çŒ/ÙÂ[pRöŒ^rª8ävà0¶¤aÙ38;Š÷X±™ÓÉÎØi3GW¥ÏŸ–=¡Ü…c M¹•sÔ/m®£sœ¶„¸Íœa+‡¯grF7"šzgp Ø•›8½ãðmœ©}Fð9Neß ™–á´µ}3fŸá4Ó»Œ)Ëpæ«›ÄYk8íùœ/Ä8÷îÔãçÔH‰oá­éË-œ{»ž3¤:Íës†WWq&uzø鹑x¹ÃżöföIz€-çtõWΡ1Ý‹Ã7pÌX8õ•ü¯ÿÇöâ”úåRwÍ2ÎIŽØÆé çæ@3´8Îå>œî´žót'Ž_ŸJ¿ŸåþpÌKzÂHr8䌛9|'Žqî¶sÚ{Æ9;qN»p†âjNy¹ §¯öáðêfN'öâÜmä˜úÜ|Ø0Þ½)b»ýÙΗnàx—ÞÑvc_Nzá´‚SŸÍùRüC¸ÖXËñüð½8ÕÙœ.þÓ¡­´ýÙ‰ÓÁo›ó9­ÇI.“öF >là@ÝKSœáÆÔøô-ßõG V“g¦9¼ðâMEž¹‚ÃˤàSœ¶£«’Š˜â4§nS‚OpFV|#º39ƒÐP¸Q« Jð>§œ8ÔÔ@kÈéU“ÃLO)Ç)'©¸T{!G®@‡Ì·S DpHùR 9ݼ˜%õºÁ!õŸjðÌé•2;¹“ã:ÏáŠãÆigâÈéÞtÚ^QŠÛÕ=vœDÖžh1à”Ò3ÈsæɃàHýaÎ’b_À ) Ëb¯ƒ ˆ[@Îxr‰<;Šä%C\@("à¨ìI¶3Î@8¿>ÇjÌQi!õŸW,GµÉÎËV}4ÇڻåÏËö*+vÝ&¿;”Sg8·S+zÀ¹‚gkç¬\À©Ì]-®9| g.à|Ž«Þ9pTð(ÇÎ⼿.nƒêqÂ8£íJ®¬L—«-{5n pŽ½½¬@r›‚qœ­Â8%1Eb7‰sq7T§",ÆélOvâÆç´z}€z (§põiYÀ)1—`gªºc–O¨à1Ž é]Ç B~ˆÅ®¾ž9°:X áÔÑ¡ÐÏCœßˆ3¢3QéŒsâs¢Œr¯è²rŒ3zqÛ#N쌱‡¯Â"Nɉǂ9ÑEM¿^ÀAšŽŒ¨ñyN‹Dc 9±ØÌ‘‹nŸå´h<ˉZÞ AÕHð9á¿g9¡Ø;< >â7B”GsÂ懜PìD,=|–Sb˜,'{…r¢û§9»Í$QiÒœÀ€&–ÍU’㫧ãè¡\ŽNdòB 8ž‰”r†ã‰½O$ªÂˆC‚3¤ž ã¯>Ç{Ÿ|¬‰¥>zÔ€Íߦ8°Õcú±¯@ð4³ËK9Pìéf…©ƒ€3ß„gžÕJr€ÃÆ3ÏŽ‚÷9@}8j—rÀµ‰1j﹌“ÞÆ$BËéq Õø4ƒ OpBs·Ž3©ê$żwÁlp|Ëá]0u]*“<O (‡˜Œ—rœÕ蟤‡–--ü€qº%œÊà¶çF–œRs*‚Ó»5[\ë5«>Mà:©Õ‰p¼9Ó㘄Blse 8FìC(,ŠãM ,z?„æ]í‚EÞ!8.ÊÞ›ä@‚£ Ñþ[™@ÞËfÀÑýÅÑ蜄œObŽŠ(tÑQš£#k6š8J #¡ åÜ5%_ÁQꃹÝ'ò^–ÃçŒXô½Í ß, Èr†Z«O‡ÅÁ7¯JÁ?>zœö¨9-¶ (Ä$‡»1m8 c‡·N„o@ׇkÚÚa8* ððD¸<ÅÈ(μGDs:ý¹$r74§gSBsZó™ðs‹þasäÿl{Hq¤´_UÖ‹XküLJëgã'Ž~Û±¢Á]ž‚¿Mqf8FÚí‘H!*®‡z‘gšcv 'ãÔ?$Æ… é ²Ìae/á©'Æ—Ís´ŽcU‰XŠŠ«àØ“ÞÒÅT7›ÃÔ>Ϋ‘àص“ÞÌÅæ4LGÌÆ·rDíªs»Ô†T6/ɨTvÖη>‡JN+:ï8ùªàK_BîÙyPõ7PB•mFçe×Ê+eÀ´»±åì°jÈÜ-Än,å·\'9²! ˆ)ó¨3(:ƒ8‡9e{œEîœáœ G*ƒ~ùo×r¤g<» \q@¯øœQŒŸ QßþóWøèm?§ ?S ÐÙm‘ Ä ”˜-¿ËjüÑkì{,Ufµí§9ËÊ\{©I zCÍ*ÎÉç€Ñp.G\Híé¹ì]œ÷äàÞ½|d_SyïÂç!Ñýc>*ý(®ÆFϼÑ_ºZîpO¼ì×ÏýÌÅq`‘ OVÐLœ#ïËuJr*oAÝU |€a!"¸tMVòq‡áËKæ-{QsUŠa;žë8e–3²Æ1ßš”sÉŒ¬CÀüX (Ç ÓN«__0cE¬«ý–ÀPõåyˆÌpLJ~˜8,Å©.Ž™ÒƒÇyǸPØt7T\`“ =j'ûHÌOrnŽ}xSëñÄ9õ οÅe¸ Èq$_KèÈŒø,s+’©Ôêuœ8<ÍAÚu´œ[XŸ"͹B8º=²–ÓZŽ 9|<å8Ì>£jzsoLJ Ÿóà@s”ŸŒ ”c'’ƒDqΉäˆb8\%8—SŠg<þák9Wø…½à8N_*Gíüj£££å˜×†éîvbEƒ³· N_~f97!'’Êï ã§þ‚]œÿDËžì_ÀÑý2Øåipj"ÏÃqˆ >\®QÙd™úñøúõÓgú]ýë»ßýþàÜÖq¼þá)ç Ý™—ÜGñivËq%ɡݨûÀye)ÇùqO^úè­·ðÊPwçµ$G.8d6ì»òå/ïû›iŸû9Ѐãi¼Ú!¾P’5)&ö/çd|ÅóqÜü8K‹·dÝ‘Sƒ±™¡ Ü*9ž \à #ýo3 6 ¼ç^œáÄ<“œþí+¿@™Hÿ°/ÏåÔ4gñ‚YøsT_äýù…o²†;V® ¼ÔôâÀ„ðkrÝÛ²,À1Z8Yq@ߦŠ"(ð¦]íqú5Ø™¿ÎU*1œSŸƒ\wƒ5Žä$v&ësðã í²Ì©-‰øƲߴ*Aq.z’3þðû4Gª@ÿ)ç^-o1~þéß~þ ŠíÑ·E÷PϤ¿ÕgÖg6@£á˜—ʾ˜çFkÒ?˜ŒÀÉR&N\} ÎrÌŒm8GË)'ŽŠ×ÍéËžæˆ$ÇÄ'ŽKk4§÷8-c?;ÌOý6‹êgÊU«¼üî{•xöl€ÖUõª¼Õ_¯”¿Ðƒpc_mµ·ÿîTYe0{¯+µžÓ›ø³ '~Š縈!÷9‰ß²Å9îBµ­Íyë„ãƒsÜ…åØzÄ;Ns›¶y·??±ýçŒ.±-l^¦2ë•óT¼Ù­ÆÜ›äF,.$lfgΙØTêg1Ž~D~˜òV:Ÿ‡e„§Bd6Ô³çsMçãxj—Á‘Cù;¯ :çSû˜¸pæ¤|ŠÓMfˆÙú¥7¯QmªfŽÈT‡ætnÆ·>‹#>´nåd'é»NîWl_pR'»qªœ$§¼Wœ¤Í}ÁY²]s'XÆɯëÿ¿9{õóœGOŸýI¨ÅõçŸß6GœW8Ž]Z—áÊpœüºåÝÚrÊ¥œqoN·#þøJýátÐç<`¹˜³µ¼à¼à¼à¬á\ïÀyÊñ-ê+9cÙ­‹µ~Éœ¡êÖÅ´Sœ51v‚Ó×wûqn±oÖq¸ÊáÞÝN§"krO NµçNmëÙ‡óxÎÍX [ø¿*έ؃s³çjN'®véŸNmdºWöfµçñã‹«gùw±?ûpzõs"kr»4gû¬·—ì0_ ?ˆuGoQØc~/Vsþ0{}š £«1IEND®B`‚téujy ~¯„ŽŠ:´ò“ß–&˜wš¶ž.Ÿú¡S¤ë¤Ž§>ªà­P²¶²>µç·|ºÔ»ñ¼ò¼ó¼½½½1½2½OÁrÇÅÊ«ËÎÑEÒPÖ|×[ØwÙÄÚSÜøÝýà"ãëãìãíãîãïãýãþãÿãääuåÁé/ì•î›ñäöVùúñüÍþ]Ì–‘ ’ ¶ · Ÿ ‹  Ï…`ƒÎȨ-"U%›'H)I)J)K)L)M)N)O)_)`)p)Š)ž)Ÿ)í-¢/)0*0U0V0S3’82:¡<û<‚@vD#E‹GùHwL¿OÀOßOàOôPîQ$S†WáX‰[ì^&b«b±g™jrmsmtmumvmƒm„mšm°m±muqØqÇrUtÁu‡vYxtz­}0w‚„†Ö‡ëˆ‹·¸¹kŽC‰«’.“¼“I”J”‘”••+–,–N–n–Þ—©˜ª˜«˜¬˜P™‡™á™š š!š"šOšg›w›(œ !"#$f { Ç ¡e¡™¡´¡å¡#¢Ä¢Å¢Ž££×£‘«¬¬n¬¬¿¬#¯$¯m¯À¯;°|°Í°¯±²£²¤².³‚´ƒ´lµûµüµj¶k¶÷¶ù¶e·f·¸¸}¸~¸õ¸t¹v¹º–º »/½§½ž¾C¿©ÀÁZÁšÁ¼ÂaÃbÃdÃgÃjÃmÔÖåæçèñüÃÈÃÉÃÊÃËÃÌÃßÃ0Ä1ÄDÄ]ēĔĴÄÕÄÖÄÅÅcÅdŇňÅÌÅÍÅäÅèŘ0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€8˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€ ˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€°˜0€€p˜0€€p˜0€€pœB@ñÿB €\,1KG=K9CJ_HaJmHsHtHJ@J ›-i 03>;>2>: 1$$@&a$ 6CJaJJ@J ›-i 03>;>2>: 2$$@&a$ 5CJ aJBA@òÿ¡B A=>2=>9 H@8DB 0170F0Xi@óÿ³X 1KG=0O B01;8F0ö4Ö l4Öaö .kôÿÁ. 5B A?8A:0fþOñÿòf €\,FR3'$„X„d1$7$8$]„X^„a$6CJ]_HaJmHsHtHBþOB €\, B5:AB A=>A:87$8$CJaJ2þO¢2 €\, 7=0: A=>A:8H*\þOñÿ"\ €\,FR4$1$7$8$a$*6CJOJQJ]^J_HaJmHsHtH>B@2> €\,A=>2=>9 B5:AB7$8$JþOñÿBJ €\,FR1$1$7$8$a$CJ(_HaJ(mHsHtH\þOñÿR\€\,FR2¤Œ1$7$8$+CJ OJQJ^J_HaJ mHnHsH tHuZC@bZ ›-iA=>2=>9 B5:AB A >BABC?><„¤x^„<@r< ›-i "5:AB A=>A:8CJaJ2&@¢2 ›-i =0: A=>A:8H*L@’L íe(5@E=89 :>;>=B8BC;  ÆE‹$J @¢J íe(86=89 :>;>=B8BC;  ÆE‹$d25„Úà´I*g7ÑÈ% D@lŒÂNª#ev²8± !þ$T&H',>,3-Ñ-”.4/¡8pevAwÌzc“7‰}òèòBðw?¦¡¦¯sµü¹D¾…¿)Ìôמ߀áäåêèœé îeõxù‚eYs±/½!¿äK^%œ)®mçÅ #'()*+,3?@ABCDEFGHIJKL²ŠÐòXUu‘esð ñ ò ó f g h i ghijk­WÂO¬àû,j ÖØ\µ×k!´!"‚"Ã"#ö#L$ë$u%Ê&³'C(²(@)­)L*Å*<+½+L,Ý,T-v/î/å0Š1ð2d3¡3á3\45¨5«56›þ@‰Îò7OçÅÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ6›þ@‰Îò7OR ÿÿáçÅ ¤ÿÿÿÿ 9¤ÿÿÿÿ+,aŽ¶ã"5Y‹¬Ðñ%K‡©÷/0COfŒžq –¿ÓÄàk#Ý$ì'Ù.y/2221255š8<T?EHÍOƒQñQZf¯m…pæƒèƒÿƒ„b„’†Õ‰2ŒÂ”—š†œK¡"¢B¢Æ¥‘©Ÿ«<°‚²Æ´š·Á·4½¿“À´Â¾ÆÔDž˹ÍüÖפَÛ÷Þýá%â+ãYæêÝíŒôËõøàø°ünþÙï™”  /ßàîY×ÝMòøM? 4#Ä%Ê%R([,ˆ/k1X3ü4ÿ8:B=–?øBëDåE„FNJ'R®S V[£\¡_ðaüfþfg,gRgÍhuiŒjÛjkÕmNnçoËp:q`q)uÈv¨y´}‚iƒ€…­‡£‰‹f™’`“»˜̘"™®šýœ÷žh¡Á£‘§:¨æªs¬¯o¯[°8²|µ_¶öʹn½b¾¾¿½¿lÁÄöÆvÈ>Ë$ÍÑ&Ñ9ÑôÓ9ÖÞÖXØ«ÚÝRßbá»â ë–í±ðŠòíö±ùjûrþsþtþz[§¨ªµÊë · G ­hQ´P#K'É)Ô-´/¼4¤8<¬>íA“E‚J4LUS±T;U¥[›a†c iˆj‰lÑs‚v$yûy!zCzbz†z¬zÏz~Àê‡ ‰ÚÍO“P“Q“Z“[“e“f“_——:šzž Ÿ«¥G«F¯ó´׶aºû¾ÌÄ-ÅíË$ϸÐöÔ¬Õ‚ØyÛ—à´â=æÝé'î«ñ³ñ¾ñ¿ñá÷ÔøÆÿ-Q± ²Àt~f!#‘&.'–*€-¢3.4/40414>4I4R4S4b4Ú45D5‹5Œ5—5ä5;6‹6Œ66Ž6«6¬6=;?B1HaIuJàNDDƒD„D%E FLG`G™G’HžKÅKAMhN„NöN%OxO!RÌRKUIVüV/XãXDYnY¬Z \\]Y^y_Ó_Ô_Õ_`b`«`õ`^a~a*b,b.b/bub¬bc“c•c–cåc!d%d>d?d…d»dee e"e#ere®effffSf¢fàfáfäfæf4gWgXg\g]g_g`gœgÙg hhkél m»mÀmÂmn\n_n`nbn¨nÔn¾oÀoÂoÃo pQpRpUpWp‰p¿pvqÕqÙqÛq rTrYrZr\r–rÕrŒsµtavwvˆw‰wwŽww‘wòw;xa f‡ Ì® \Ì ’ù ' žZ 8ˆ œ– šŸ ¢ ⦠žª ö« ® b¶ ๠H¼ н &Æ ÊÙ 2â &ç Œê Hý :gklnopqrtuvxyz|}ƒ†ˆ‰Š‹Ž’”•—œ !%'(*,-/0134689:<=>?ABCDEGHIKLMO†,lÄ|•² šDøÕPûÞfrªT¨c†ü¾6fëbpsuš”ˆº²DìfÄírÿ2( Ê: ¦@ 4D ìQ W ˜[ ìf ðm ˆ{ b¢ *· < x. | ¸• XÁ .û è+ ðW ¿ Pý ÊN üÈ ‚ VY ˆš ¬ª ö» ÈÜ vê ˜ý 4:hjmsw{~€‚„…‡Œ‘“–˜™š›     "#$&)+.257;@FJNPQ8i%d:dó?ó@óEóGó‘’“•–—šœžŸ çŨ¦8VtX¦h Æt8:øƒt8Ö8Öt8Ö8vt øÖ¸Öt¸Ö¸vt â8ât âbt øâât âòt¸â¸òtØÈ etxŽHtˆ³ƒt('Ø'tØ'اtø'¨'tø'ø§t˜*˜Št*tÈ *È Št¸ÿÿÿ0¨@t¸Ãè tˆ k˜ t¸ÿÿÿkã tÈkh  tèkøCtÿÿ5à. }á.ôyâ.|mã.F"ä.„¡"å.ÀªÀ¼À¾ÆÓÆÊÊôÌúÌ3ÎHΓΪÎÏ,ωϞÏÖÏâÏöÏÐÄÐÛÐãÐùÐÆÑÛÑtÒ‰Ò‚Ó˜Ó·ÔÅÔÜÔìÔ&Õ;ÕkØvإߵßãßðßÎàÚàRágá®çÄçŽê¤ê€ì•ìCíYíºô¾ôÁôÏô+öAö;÷J÷ùùÍùãùúúüû üžü®ü3ý=ýˆþ˜þ±þ½þaÿvÿ2ISeïü  5 A B L çí¡ª#RXâ늓py¿ÆÉÎáæéó#&/2;=CFOQ\mqt}çð šž¥ÑÚ    ' 1  ° ‘#–#Ä#Ë#i%v%£%©%á*ò*é,û,Q-c-„-˜-›-¬-...Ÿ.//10?0¼1Å1ñ1û1u22æ2ì23Š3$<)<Ê?Ö?>HQHyHHƒH‰H‹H”H–HHŸH©H«H°H²H»H½HÄHÎHÓHßHêHöHþHIIII…J‘JçOòOQ'Q&T,T¸WÂWÅWÏW‚XŠX²XÀXªZµZd\p\^&^ÐaÝag g ggRi\i]jejólm(o0o2oN>]?l?R¨RµTÃTy„y‹yyôyùyÿyz%z-zMzWzÈzÌzÁ|É|MXJ‘]‘¾©Å©Æ©Í©¬¬©ß­ßÁßÊßáßåßááá%áHóSóõõ õ'õBøJø !()-$2@Oåí(ÐÖ‘%š%ß)ò);—;ß=è= I.I”TŸTðWñW[X\XÃXÅXËXÌX>Y?YbYcYˆY‰YAZBZÙZÚZÐlÚl^„j„Ÿ„ª„ê„÷„Ά؆KŒ]Œ†Œ“ŒZ›c›œ/œGS<žIž­&­´­­û­®®®V¶[¶y¶‹¶Q·T·»»ØÀãÀEÃIÃgÄwÄïÄòĆƔÆÐÉáÉ\ÐlЩӴÓÕ"Õ@×Q×o؀؅ߌßhæsæ²æÁæè(è~êê#ë,ëì ì©ìºìììûìþí î±ï¶ïfðkð·¿ç ô ¥®”Ÿ-$3$. ._3d3·4Ã4}8„8M;Y;ê<ö<B>^>ýABÐDÖD EEÊGÔG5HBHóKýKNXVXZZ``a`©`ª`ñ`ò`5b6b{b|b˜c™cœcc c¡c®c¯cëcìcïcðc‰dŠd)e*exeye ffYfZfêfëfîfïf:g;gfggg¢g£gûl mÈmÉm nn¬n­noo pppŽprrœrr,sæÃæÎæˆèèqëzëlìuì»ìÆì*î2îQï\ïïŒï™ð¤ðò!òêòöòVôbôô•ô›ô¡ô¿öÊöqùxùXûbû°±Ø߉•  do&y…Ì×gsóÿÃÏÙ à $ + £®MYnuxÙä‹äëglmqŠ!•!{GƒG4J@J7NGNëcôc7mª>äAëAôJ‘KOO QQ;UáVUX]X—YÂY^[f[„^…^6_;_\dfÌjÎj ll"o6oíwoxxyyy‡y–yUzWz7…‡FŠHŠó”–£¨z Ú¡ؤल§¸§>©E©Ï©שø«ý«÷¬ú¬@³B³M³V³—´´¤½ú¾¿–¿¢Á°ÁjÆ`Ç—Ì΂ØÚ&Þ.Þ®äÂäçé·î^ï+ñ,ñIõOõµúÁúgününýûýL?H Q&˜P`bbh:;õst\·»?A§«ïôÀ ð “.™.M1R1Ó6Ù6&CD‚DƒDòGþGJK¤LºL¼L5RÓSêTbU?W™WÅWËWóWùW!X&X¾XÂX8]?]‹bb#d6d…g†go&oápâpMrhr‘| ~/‚1‚âƒ[…r‡‰ž‹ª‹9Œ?Œò–û–‡——@˜J˜ë™ð™ÇžÏž§w¨»®É®ò¸ó¸ÿ¾¿¬À®ÀZÄdÄÏĔŽÈAÉwÐÒÀÒÃÒBÓKÓ«Ô°ÔÕ"Õ}ւ֟։יצ×áÙ<Û–Û›ÛÖáÚá#çèðrñôôNôôô¼ö¿öÀöÂöäøéøòüþüý ýXýaý&þ(þKÇw ‡ ' 4  !C"Qfsahæ#î#Ü%§&²&º&þ) *A+I++—+˜+r,Ÿ,§,ß-à-j.n.//†/Ž/â24 44~67(797†7Ž7¸7Â7Ü8æ8²>º>??–B˜BÁB„C…C2DÿD E£G¥G^HcH£H¥HIIIƒIþKLM8NQ&QØTJUtU…U4V:VXXZ Z`ZeZ9[µ[í\ô\``a`©`ª`ØaÚa9b:bubvbïbñb–c—cëcìc?d„d…d†d#eqerese f fSfTfêfëf!g*g:g;g`gagœgØgÌmÍmnnbn§n¨n©nÃop p pYp\p‰pŠpÝqàq rrœrràstµt¶t‘w¼wòwówBxCx¸x¹xyywyxyÁyÂybFbßdêdƒfŠfGwPw?€E€J€O€…©†‹ ‹ØŒàŒÏ•Õ•µ—¾—™™oqéï„ž‡žãªìª•­˜­±±í±ô±?³µž¸õ¸½½½½Õ¿á¿çÁìÁâÇæÇÉÉ ÓÓåÕçÕ~Ú„ÚÝÝ)Þ3ÞžÞAàQàSà^éqé²ó·óUü]üdivû7B¶¸· ž ! & UW_aüýþ '#ä#u%z%¢&¯&z)‰)1,G,1Æ2S3Q5ö8991:'<)<û<­>ï>?h@o@ÛEâEóLoNhQoQîQ#SÂUÃU†WàX›YœY.\/\˜h¢hx+xûxyñƒõƒЈ߈o‰{‰¹åæçè’’*”,”“”—”ϔؔ•O• –––"–#–*–,–=–>–E–V–Z–^–e–o–q–Ä—ΗÏ—Ý—î—𗻘™™™™1™H™O™™”™Ê™Ù™Ú™à™ššU›f›y›}›†›±›²›À›Ê›Λœœ)œ,œ;OP]^eñžúŸûŸ ( : ; V W z  ‘ ø ¡z¡Œ¡¡˜¡ù¡¢¢"¢1¢G¢H¢X¢Y¢n¢o¢~¢£ ££;£<£j£k££/§I§J§Y§e§u§§ç¼ª}«~««À¬¬R­"¯±±»±²9²N²l²m²~²²’²“²¢²¬³­³’µ”µþµ ¶ ¶7¶æ¶ê¶h·u·~¸¥¸õ¸¹¹2¹x¹ŹºNº”¿ ¿JÂTÂbÃbÃdÃdÃeÃeÃgÃhÃjÃkÃmÃnÓÔÕÖÃÅÅèÅ3333333333333333333333333333333333333âåðRomaníîomaoma Normal.dotÕììì5ìMicrosoft Word 10.0@H'­@]"ðÅ@ôpMÐiÆhúQ“þÿÕÍÕœ.“—+,ù®0 hp|„Œ” œ¤¬´ ¼ îã*Oä Y`ŠA &Àâåðüÿíîâ “Õðåñòîìàòèÿ ïî ïñèõîëîãèè”  Íàçâàíèå33333333333333333333333333,014b4Œ5—5Òêë[;¬;*b,bc“c!d%de eåefáfäfXg]g»mÀm\n`n¾oÀoRpUpÕqÙqTrZr‰wŽw,x@xyyºy¿yŸ{Â{X|]|{[‰[Јëˆ¹”I”J¬m¬FÃ`ÃbÃbÃdÃdÃeÃeÃgÃhÃjÃkÃmÃnÕÖäèÃÊÃdņÅÍÅãÅèŹbÃbÃdÃdÃeÃeÃgÃhÃjÃkÃmÃnÕÖÃèÅÿÿ<<<ìeeÿÎ ×2¼ª"³ÿeû>ÿ8'X¼ª"³ÿ„h„˜þÆh^„h`„˜þ.„Ÿ„˜þÆŸ^„Ÿ`„˜þo(.„h„˜þÆh^„h`„˜þo(.„Ÿ„˜þÆŸ^„Ÿ`„˜þo(.Î ×2eû>ìee8'Xÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ å Çwûg gbÖ%"íe(€\,›-iŽr•;¯HÒ….Ò0414>4I4R4S4b4Ú4D5‹5Œ5—5ä5;6‹6Œ6¹¦ÂèÅÿ@œh´d ,— YÊbçÅ"<`6Hº<ÿÿUnknownÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿĠz €ÿTimes New Roman5€Symbol3&Ì ‡z €ÿArial"1ˆðÄhö’FúÚ¤† húQ“Yä húQ“Yä !ðø Š´´4d`Š`Š2ƒQðHP ðÿ?ãÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ€\,ÿÿ%25@LO=>2  %@5AB><0B8O ?> ?A8E>;>388 Roman<<<    CompObjÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿjÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÀFÄîêóìåíò Microsoft Word MSWordDocWord.Document.8ô9²q